the building blocks used to create a work of art

ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

ELEMENTS OF ART• Line• Shape• Form• Value• Color• Texture• Space• Volume/Mass

LINEAn extended point; with length and direction

Can you Name some types of

lines?

Wassily Kandinsky • Russian-born artist

• one of the first creators of pure abstraction in modern painting

• 1866-1944

"Composition VIII", 1923Composition VIII reflects the influence of Suprematism and Constructivism

He uses different colors within the forms to energize their geometry: a yellow circle with blue halo versus blue circle with yellow halo; a right angle filled with blue and an acute angle colored pink.

Jackson Pollock• American Painter

• the commanding figure of the Abstract Expressionist movement

• 1912-1956

“Lavender Mist: Number 1”, 1950

• Pollock was the first “all-over‘” painter, pouring paint rather than using brushes and a palette, and abandoning all conventions of a central motif

• “The painting has a life of its own. I try to let it come through.”

• He painted no image, just ”action”

Piet Mondrian• Dutch Abstract Painter

• the real artist of geometry, “abstract purity”• 1872-1944

“Composition with Red, Yellow, Blue and Black”, 1921• Mondrian imposed rigorous

constraints on himself, using only primary colors, black and white, and straight-sided forms.

• he developed a new style of abstract painting, replacing his cluttered canvasses with simplicity

LINE• Outline• Contour Line• Gesture Line

SHAPE• A closed line • It is 2-D• Can be

geometric • Can be organic

Henri Matisse• French Fauvist Artist• 1869-1954

“Anfitrite”, 1947

• gouache on paper cut and pasted

• Matisse generally cut the shapes out freehand, using a small pair of scissors and saving both the item cut out and remaining scraps of paper.

FORM• A 3-D object

having volume and thickness

VALUE• “tone”• The lightness or

darkness of an color

Value Scale

1. Highlight2. Area of

Illumination3. Half Shade4. Deep Shade5. Cast Shadow

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

M.C. Escher, Drawing Hands 1948 Lithograph

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble M.C. Escher, Hand with Fir Cone 1921 woodcut

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

VALUE • Techniques

• Blended

• Crosshatch

• Hatch

• Stipple

• Scumble

VALUE • Drawing Pencil

TEXTURE• surface quality • either tactile or visual• the degree of

roughness or smoothness

SPACE• the area between

and around objects

• Positive/negative space

COLOR“HUE”: color in it’s pure state• Chroma: purity or

intensity of color• Intensity: bright/dull• Value: light/dark

COLOR SCHEMES• Monochromatic• Analogous • Complementary• Triadic• Tint/Shade• Warm/Cool

VOLUME & MASS• V: Refers to the space

within a form

• M: the effect and degree of bulk, density, and weight of matter in space

Umberto Boccioni, Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, 1913, Bronze

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN• Emphasis • Balance• Rhythm• Harmony• Movement• Proportion• Unity & Variety• Repetition• Pattern• Contrast

EMPAHSIS• Focal Point• area that first

attracts attention in a composition

BALANCE• feeling of visual

equality in shape, form, value, color, etc…

symmetrical or evenly

balanced

asymmetrical and un-evenly balanced

RHYTHM• A visual tempo or

beat• regular repetition of

elements of art to produce the look and feel of movement.

Henri Matisse, “Dance (I)”, 1909

HARMONY• A way of combining

elements of art to accent their similarities and bind the picture parts into a whole.

Henri Matisse, “Dance (I)”, 1909

MOVEMENT• A way of

combining visual elements to produce a sense of implied action.

Pablo Picasso, “Starry Night”, 1889

PROPORTION• size

relationship of parts to a whole and to one another.

Leonardo da Vinci , “Vitruvian Man”, 1480

UNITY & VARIETY• Unity: The quality of

wholeness or oneness; when the components of a work of art are perceived as harmonious, giving the work a sense of completion.

• Variety: adds interest by using contrasting elements within the composition; an assortment.

UNITY & VARIETY

Wasily Kandinsky, “Several Circles”, 1926

REPETITION• Element occurring

more than once• Repetition with

Variation is interesting,

• without variation repetition can become monotonous

PATTERN• The repetition of

anything - shapes, lines, or colors in a planned way

• Also called a motif, in a design

M.C. Escher, Path of Life III 1966 woodcut in red and black, printed from 2 blocks

CONTRAST• when two related

elements are different. • using opposing qualities

next to each other. For example, black and white

• Contrast adds variety to the total design and creates unity.

Georges La tour, Joseph the Carpenter 1645, Louvre, Paris

References

Alpha Books. (2013). [Online image]. Retrieved from http://idiotsguides.com/static/quickguides/artphotography/drawing-101-shading-techniques.htmlChiang, H. C. (2014). Drawings. Retrieved from http://www.physicschick.com/personal.shtmlChristus Rex Project. (2000). Joseph the Carpenter. Retrieved from http://www.christusrex.org/www2/art/Latour.htmDuey, B. (2008). [Online image]. http://www.dueysdrawings.com/shading_tutorial.htmlFussell, M. (2010). Use Positive and Negative Space to Enhance Your Art Compositions. Retrieved from http://thevirtualinstructor.com/blog/use-positive-and-negative-space-to-enhance-your-art-compositionsIbiblio.org. (2010). Vitruvian Man. Retrieved from http://sunsite.unc.edu/wm/paint/auth/vinci/sketch/proports.jpgLabyrinth Conceptions. (2006). [Online image]. Retrieved form http://www.homeschoolarts.com/pi-l1-4.htmLukyanov, I. (2010). [Online image]. Retrieved from http://drawingsketchaday.blogspot.com/2010/06/realistic-hand-sketch-drawing.htmlMcArdle, T. (2014). [Online image]. http://www.art-is-fun.com/henna-hand-designs.htmlPioch, N. (2002). Jackson Pollock. Retrieved from http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/pollock/lavender-mist/Printable Colouring Pages. (2011). Geometric Shapes Color. Retrieved from http://printablecolouringpages.co.uk/?s=triangles&page=2Rummyhunny. (2010). Color!. Retrieved from http://rummyhunny.blogspot.com/2010/11/i-understand-them.htmlSofia Learning, LLC. (2014). [Online image]. Retrieved from http://www.sophia.org/download/ckeditor%2Fpictures/2940/data/content/unity%20variety.jpg?1310621834Succession H. Matisse. (2011). Paper Cut Outs. Retrieved from http://www.henri-matisse.net/cut_outs.htmlThe Metropolitan Museum of Art. (2013). Unique Forms of Continuity in Space. Retrieved form http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/1990.38.3The Modern Museum of Art. (2014). Composition with Red, Blue, Black, Yellow, and Gray. Retrieved form http://www.moma.org/collection/object.php?object_id=79002The Modern Museum of Art. (2014). Paris, Boulevard des Invalides. Retrieved from http://www.moma.org/collection/object.php?object_id=79124The Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation. (2014). Vasily Kandinsky. Retrieved from http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/education/school-educator-programs/teacher-resources/arts-curriculum-online?view=item&catid=716&id=150Today in Art. (2014). [Online image]. Retrieved from http://todayinart.com/2009/12/8-drawing-exercises-that-every-artist-should-practice/Van Gogh Gallery. (2013). Starry, Starry Night. Retrieved from http://www.vangoghgallery.com/painting/starry-night.htmlWord Press. (2012). Color Wheel. Retrieved from http://painting-course.com/595/color-theory/wheel-for-painting/Word Press. (2012). Drawing Lines. Retrieved from http://painting-course.com/98/drawing-lessons/drawing-lines/