the ancient middle east 2: egypt
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The Ancient Middle East 2: Egypt. 2. The Ancient Egyptians. Egyptian Civ. A second center of civilization emerged along the Nile River in N. Africa around 3000 B.C.E. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Egyptian CivEgyptian Civ• A second center of civilization emerged along the A second center of civilization emerged along the
Nile River in N. Africa around 3000 B.C.E. Nile River in N. Africa around 3000 B.C.E. • Egyptian civ. benefited from trade and tech. Egyptian civ. benefited from trade and tech.
influence of Mesopotamia, but produced a very influence of Mesopotamia, but produced a very different society and culture. different society and culture.
• Less open to invasion, Egypt retained a unified Less open to invasion, Egypt retained a unified state for most of its history. state for most of its history.
• The pharaoh wielded immense power, and The pharaoh wielded immense power, and appointed viziers to administer govt throughout appointed viziers to administer govt throughout the land. the land.
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A View of Egypt by Satellite
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The Fertile Nile Valley
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The Annual Flooding of the Nile
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Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf
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Ancient Egyptian HistoryPeriods Time Frame
Nile Culture Begins
3900 B. C. E.
Archaic 3100 – 2650 B. C. E.Old Kingdom 2650 – 2134 B. C. E.
Middle Kingdom 2040 – 1640 B. C. E.New Kingdom 1550 – 1070 B. C. E.Late Period 750 – 332 B. C. E.
Greek Ptolemaic Era
332 – 30 B. C. E.
Roman Period 30 B. C. E. – 395 C. E.
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Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt
c. 3050 B. C. E. ?
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Ancient Egyptian HousingMiddle Class
Homes
Peasant Homes
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An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves”
Perfume
Wigs
Mirror
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Egyptian Social Hierarchy
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Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Thutmose III
1504-1450 B. C. E. Ramses II
1279-1212 B. C. E.
Tutankhamon
1336-1327 B. C.E.
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Egyptian Nobility
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Egyptian Priestly Class
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Egyptian Scribe
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Papyrus Paper
Papyrus Plant
Scroll Piece
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Egyptian Math
11 1010 100100 10001000 10,00010,000 100,000100,000 1,000,0001,000,000
What number is this?
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Champollion & the Rosetta Stone, 1799
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Hieroglyphic
“Cartouche”
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Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic
symbols
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Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:
“The Sacred ‘Trinity’”
Osiris Isis Horus
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Preparations for the Underworld
Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit
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Materials Used in Mummification
1. Linen 6. Natron2. Sawdust 7. Onion3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads5. Resin 10. Frankinsense
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Preparation for the Afterlife
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Egyptian Mummies
Seti I1291-1278 B.
C. E.Queen Tiye,
wife of Amenhotep II
1210-1200 B. C. E.
Ramses II1279-1212 B.
C. E.
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Journey to the Underworld
A boat for the journey is
provided for a dead pharaoh
in his tomb.
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Egyptian Book of the Dead
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The Final Judgement
Anubis Horus Osiris
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Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara
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Giza Pyramid Complex
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Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu
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Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)
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Entrance to King “Tut’s” Tomb
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King Tutankhamon’s Death Mask
1336-1327 B. C. E.
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King Tutankhamon
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King Tutankhamun’s Tomb
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Treasures From Tut’s Tomb
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The Valley of the Queens
Temple of Queen Hatshepsut
1473-1458 B. C. E.
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Ankhenaton: First Monotheist?
1352-1336 B. C. E.
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QueenNefertiti
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Abu Simbel:Monument to Ramses II
1279-1213 B. C. E.
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Legacy of EgyptiansLegacy of Egyptians• Egyptian mathematics produced the Egyptian mathematics produced the
idea of a 24 hour day. idea of a 24 hour day. • Trade linked Egypt to Mediterranean Trade linked Egypt to Mediterranean
islands like Crete, south of Greece. islands like Crete, south of Greece. • The Greeks studied Egyptian The Greeks studied Egyptian
mathematics and art. mathematics and art.
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• Images from: Susan M. PojerImages from: Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY, Chappaqua, NY, http://www.pptpalooza.net/http://www.pptpalooza.net/