The Ancient Hebrews and The Ancient Hebrews and the Origins of Judaismthe Origins of Judaism

TorahTorah

Contains the stories of the Ancient Contains the stories of the Ancient Hebrews and how they created Hebrews and how they created JudaismJudaism

Also contains their basic lawsAlso contains their basic laws Judaism’s Holy Book like the Bible in Judaism’s Holy Book like the Bible in

the Holy Book in Christianity.the Holy Book in Christianity. Consists of five books from the Consists of five books from the

Hebrew Bible, also known as the Old Hebrew Bible, also known as the Old Testament. Testament.

Read from right to leftRead from right to left

Early History of the HebrewsEarly History of the Hebrews

Around 1950 BCE, Abraham and his Around 1950 BCE, Abraham and his followers migrated from followers migrated from Mesopotamia to Canaan.Mesopotamia to Canaan.

Many of the people were herders.Many of the people were herders. Moved to Egypt in 1800 BCE Moved to Egypt in 1800 BCE

because of a famine.because of a famine. Hebrews became slaves in Egypt Hebrews became slaves in Egypt

because the pharaoh felt threatened.because the pharaoh felt threatened.

AbrahamAbraham

Father of the HebrewsFather of the Hebrews Introduced monotheism to his Introduced monotheism to his

people.people. According the Torah, God told According the Torah, God told

Abraham to move him and his family Abraham to move him and his family to Canaan.to Canaan.

God made many covenants to God made many covenants to Abraham, including one: Canaan will Abraham, including one: Canaan will be known as the Hebrew “promised be known as the Hebrew “promised land.”land.”

Abraham’s SacrificeAbraham’s Sacrifice

At the time it was common to At the time it was common to sacrifice animals to Gods.sacrifice animals to Gods.

God wanted Abraham to sacrifice his God wanted Abraham to sacrifice his son, Isaac. Abraham took his son to son, Isaac. Abraham took his son to be sacrificed before he was stopped be sacrificed before he was stopped by God.by God.

Contributions to Judaism: ancestor Contributions to Judaism: ancestor of the Jewish people, introduced of the Jewish people, introduced monotheism, set an example on how monotheism, set an example on how to live: God first.to live: God first.

MosesMoses

Leader and Prophet of the Leader and Prophet of the Hebrews.Hebrews.

Moses freed the slaves from Moses freed the slaves from Egypt after God punished Egypt Egypt after God punished Egypt with 10 terrible plagues.with 10 terrible plagues.

Flight from Egypt is known as Flight from Egypt is known as the Exodus: the escape from the Exodus: the escape from Egyptian slavery.Egyptian slavery.

Moses ContributionsMoses Contributions

God gave Moses the 10 God gave Moses the 10 CommandmentsCommandments

These were rules on faith and These were rules on faith and followed by basic moral laws: followed by basic moral laws: honor your parents, etc. honor your parents, etc.

The Ten Commandments The Ten Commandments became Judaism's basic laws.became Judaism's basic laws.

Moses also united the Hebrews Moses also united the Hebrews under one single God.under one single God.

David and Solomon: Kings of David and Solomon: Kings of IsraelIsrael Around 1000 BCE the Hebrews’ Around 1000 BCE the Hebrews’

were fighting a war with the were fighting a war with the Philistines. Philistines.

The Philistines promised to be the The Philistines promised to be the slaves of the Hebrews if their slaves of the Hebrews if their toughest warrior was defeated; toughest warrior was defeated; Goliath. David defeated Goliath with Goliath. David defeated Goliath with one shot from a slingshot.one shot from a slingshot.

His reward: God made him King and His reward: God made him King and promised that the kingdom would be promised that the kingdom would be with him and his children always.with him and his children always.

continuedcontinued

David united Israel and Judah: two David united Israel and Judah: two parts of the Hebrew land.parts of the Hebrew land.

David also created a strong central David also created a strong central government. Gave the Kingdom an government. Gave the Kingdom an army, courts, and government army, courts, and government officials. officials.

Chose Jerusalem for his capital. Chose Jerusalem for his capital. Brought home to Ark of the Brought home to Ark of the

Covenant: wood and gold chest that Covenant: wood and gold chest that held the Ten Commandments.held the Ten Commandments.

SolomonSolomon

King David’s sonKing David’s son Became King and built a magnificent Became King and built a magnificent

temple in Jerusalem: held the covenant.temple in Jerusalem: held the covenant. In order to build the temple, people were In order to build the temple, people were

forced to work and pay heavy taxes.forced to work and pay heavy taxes. This angered the people, forcing them to This angered the people, forcing them to

break away from the kingdom. break away from the kingdom. Solomon continued to rule over the Solomon continued to rule over the

southern kingdom: Judahsouthern kingdom: Judah

David and Solomon’s David and Solomon’s ContributionsContributions

Laid the foundation for the Laid the foundation for the Jewish people to be ruled by Jewish people to be ruled by Kings for over 400 years.Kings for over 400 years.

David established Jerusalem as David established Jerusalem as a holy city.a holy city.

Solomon built the first great Solomon built the first great temple.temple.