the 13 english colonies – textbook chs 2 and 3
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The 13 English Colonies – Textbook Chs 2 and 3. The 13 English Colonies. The 13 English Colonies. The 13 English Colonies. The 13 English Colonies. The 13 English Colonies. The 13 English Colonies. The 13 English Colonies. The 13 English Colonies. The 13 English Colonies. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The 13 English Colonies – Textbook Chs 2 and 3
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
Jamestown -1607
Founded for economic reasons
VA CompanyLeaders: Capt. John Smith
John Rolfe
Females were in short supply but big demand
First Africans brought by Dutch 1619
Indentured servant pool dried up in 1680 as conditions in England improved
Turned to importing African slaves
Governor and House of Burgesses – bicameral representation
Headright System
Charter revoked in 1624 – became a royal colony but was allowed to keep House of Burgesses
Tobacco
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
Plymouth – 1620
Founded for religious freedom by Extremists called Separatists (Pilgrims)
Headed for VA – blown off course
William Bradford early leader
Organized around religion
Women cannot inherit property and have no civil rights
Wampanoag Indians – Squanto assist settlers
Organized around religion
Mayflower Compact signed – bound by will of majority – pure democracy
Develop town meetings so all can vote on issues
Shipbuilding, lumber, fishing, rum
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
New Hampshire (1623)
Leader: John Wheelwright
Separated from Mass. Bay in 1679 by King Chas II
Royal Colony
Puritans helped settle the colony
Governor and Representative Assembly
Shipmasts, lumber, fishing
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
MassachusettsBay Colony – 1630
Boston – A City Upon a HillModel Society
Puritans
Leader: John Winthrop
Strict moral codesWomen and children silentIdleness not toleratedYankee IngenuityProtestant Work EthicHad to be a member of Puritan church and a landowner to vote and hold office
Great Migration between 1630-40 – 20,000 Puritans come to Massachusetts
Theocracy – no separation of church and state
Governor and representative assembly
Halfway Covenant (1660s)
King Philip’s (Metacom’s) War – Wamponoags defeated
Shipbuilding, shipping, fishing, lumber, rum, meat products
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
Maryland – 1632
Founded as a haven for Catholics and for economic reasons to make money
Leader: Lord Baltimore (Cecil Calvert)
Most original settlers were men
Women came later
Governor and Representative Assembly (2-house)
Maryland Act of Toleration (1649)
Protestant Revolt late 1600s – Catholics lose out and Act of Toleration repealed
Tobacco
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
Connecticut – 1636(all settlements in area incorporated by 1665)
Leader: Thomas Hooker
Group of Boston Puritans settle the area – CT River Valley
Puritans in control
Governor and unicameral legislature
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – 1st written constitution
Pequot War (1637)Pequots vs. Narragansetts and English Colonists – Mystic River – Pequots shot after running for their lies from a burning fort
Shipping, livestock, foodstuff
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
Rhode Island – 1636
Providence - Founded by Minister Roger Williams – a Puritan dissenter
Complete religious tolerance
Praceful relations with native americans
Religious refuge for diverse ideas
Founded one of the first Baptist churches
Anne Hutchinson, banished from Mass. Bay, helped found Portsmouth
Governor and General Assembly, with power to enact all laws necessary for the government of the colony - democracy
Rum, iron, shipbuilding, snuff, livestock
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
Delaware – 1638
Settled by the Swedes and Finns
Leader: Peter Minuit
Penn later granted three lower PA counties their own assembly in 1702 -
Had a distinct Dutch and Swedish flair in society
Taken over by the English in 1655
Governor and representative body
Still had same governor as PA until American Revolution
Trade, Food stuffs
The 13 English ColoniesColony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
The Carolinas (1663)
Charles Town first settlement
King gave charter to 8 proprietors for economic reasons
1712 – North Carolina officially separate from SC
The colony was known for having religious freedom.
In 1704 an act that would have required members of the colonial assembly to adhere to the rites of the Church of England was defeated. The church was, however, made official in 1706 and remained so until 1778.
Fundamental Constitution of Carolina favored large land ownership eventually leading to the plantation system.
Representative Government
Rice, indigo, silk
By mid 1700s, economy like West Indies with African slaves
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
New York (1664)
Duke of Yorktakes colony (New Amsterdam) from the Dutch in a bloodless takeover
New Netherland renamed New York City
Very diverse population
Representative government formed in 1683 after complaints about King James II’s decisions
Furs, wheat, glass, shoes, livestock, shipping, rum, beer, snuff
Becomes the financial center of America
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
New Jersey -1664
Land given by King James II to his 2 friends
Religious freedom
Made generous land offers to settlers
Representative assembly
1702 – becomes royal colony
Trade, foodstuffs, copper
The 13 English ColoniesColony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
Pennsylvania – 1681
William Penn
Haven for Quakers
Organized around Penn’s Holy Experiment
Philadelphia – city of brotherly love
No landholding aristocracy
All males received 50 acres of land
Peaceful relations with Natives
Pacifists and against slavery
Charter of Liberties that allowed unrestricted immigration and a constitution guaranteeing complete religious freedom
Flour, foodstuffs, paper, iron, wheat, flax, shipbuilding
The 13 English Colonies
Colony Society (Social) Government (Political) Economy
Georgia – 1733
Founded by James Oglethorpe and 21 other trustees
Wanted a haven for debtorsNo indication any ever made the tripNo lawyers, slaves, or alcoholBegan with 120 colonistsNo social classes and colonists would succeed by their own efforts and hard work.
Nearly twenty years later—and only one year away from turning the colony back to the king—the Trustees permitted Georgia colonists to experience representative government for the first time. Sixteen elected delegates met inSavannah in 1751 to discuss and relay their concerns about the colony to the Trustees.
Rice, indigo, silk, lumber, naval stores (tar, turpentine and pitch)
Colonial Original Source Documents
Read the following documents and Answer the Questions The Laws of Virginia (1611-12) Mayflower Compact (1620) – Plymouth Colony John Winthrop’s General Observations and Model of
Christian Charity (1629-30) The Laws of the Massachusetts Bay Colony (1634-51) The Massachusetts Bay Colony Case against Anne Hutchinson
(1637) The Maryland Toleration Act (1649) The Connecticut’s “Blue Laws” (1672)