The Original 13 Colonies

New England Colonies

The British Colonies were broken into 3 geographic regions:

Middle Colonies

Southern Colonies

New England Colonies

• Massachusetts - 1620 • New Hampshire - 1623 • Rhode Island - 1636 • Connecticut - 1636 • Maine – part of the colony of Massachusetts - became the 23rd state in 1820 as part of the Missouri Compromise of 1820 (balancing slave and free states)

Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay Colonies

Plymouth Colony helped by Squanto and learned agricultural techniques from Indians.

Founded by Puritans for religious reasons.

The Great Migration of 1630-1640

saw many new settlers arrive.

The Mayflower Compact is the 1st attempt by colonists

to establish a self-governing colony.

Massachusetts –

Anne Hutchinson, mother of 15!!, banished from the Mass. Bay Colony for speaking her religious beliefs and challenging the Church leaders.

The struggle for religious freedom in Massachusetts would later lead to the

securing of religious liberty in our Constitution Roger Williams would be banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for expressing a desire to separate government from religion. He would found the colony of Rhode island on that principal.

Connecticut – The Fundamental Orders of

Connecticut was the 1st Constitution (plan for self

government) in the colonies with voting rights based on

property.

Middle Colonies

•  New York – 1664 •  Pennsylvania – 1682 •  New Jersey – 1664 •  Delaware – 1664

Penn guaranteed religious and political freedom in the colony under his Frame of Government. It’s unicameral (one

house ) legislature had more freedom to act than other colonial legislatures. This “Holy Experiment” (a model for

Quaker virtues) was advertised in Europe and would become a highly diverse and prosperous colony with

greater religious and political freedom than other coloniesJ

Pennsylvania – Founded by William Penn

•  King Charles II told his brother James the Duke of York that he could be the proprietor of New Netherland, a Dutch colony. In 1664 the English conquered the colony w/o a fight (The Dutch governor at the time was so hated that the Dutch colonist refused to fight).

The City of New Amsterdam (as well as the state) were renamed New York

after the Duke.

The Southern Colonies

•  Maryland – 1634 •  Virginia – 1607 •  North Carolina – 1663 •  South Carolina – 1663 •  Georgia – 1733

Maryland – Founded as a haven for Roman Catholics – passed the

Toleration Act of 1649, granting religious freedom to all Christians.

This act was a step forward in developing religious freedoms in the

colonies.

Jamestown, Virginia, 1607 - The 1st

permanent English settlement in America.

Southern economy based

on Plantation Agriculture (and

slavery).

Georgia -founded by James

Oglethorpe as a haven (safe place)

for English debtors.

Jamestown Plymouth

Jamestown/Plymouth Venn Diagram

• Virginia – 1607 - 1st Permanent English Settlement

• Massachusetts – 1620

• Joint-Stock Colony for profit

• Mayflower Compact: 1st attempt at self-government

• Founded for religious freedom

Influential American Colonies

• House of Burgessess: 1st colonial legislature