Tell the story of German unification in 2 sentences.

Who are the most important characters? What roles did each play? Assign each character a “title.” Hero, villain, warrior, judge, child, anti-hero…

Louis Napoleon(Napoleon III)

Bismarck Kaiser Wilhelm I

“Not by speeches and majority resolutions are the great questions of the day decided—that was the mistake of 1848 and 1849—but by blood and iron.” — Otto von Bismarck

What did Bismarck mean by the (very famous) quote?

Bismarck brings the German states under the Prussian spiked helmet.

What does the artist mean with this cartoon?

Christmas menu, 99th day of the siege. Unusual dishes include stuffed donkey's head, elephant consommé, roast camel, kangaroo stew, antelope terrine, bear ribs, cat with rats, and wolf haunch in deer sauce.

“The German Pasture,” Kladderadatsch, 31 March 1867:Germania tells Bismarck to “Protect my sheep” from

Napoleon III

“A good shepherd does not let any sheep go astray.”

Who are these characters?

What does the artist mean with this cartoon?

By now fear of Napoleon III most definitely works in Bismarck’s favor in public opinion. The goddess Germania says to the powerful shepherd, “Protect my flock!” She points to Luxemburg in particular, which is about to be devoured by the French wolf, while the sheep dogs Baden and Wuerttemberg bark furiously from across the Rhine.

“The German Pasture,” Kladderadatsch, 31 March 1867:Germania tells Bismarck to “Protect my sheep” from

Napoleon III

France: “Pray stand back, madam. You mean well, but this is an old family quarrel, and we must fight it out!”

Who are the characters in this cartoon?

Why did the artist make this piece?

What are the artists saying in these cartoons?

What is their opinion of the issue he is portraying?

American magazine Puck, 1879. It illustrates perfectly Bismarck’s need to control those around him. Here he disciplines the German parliament who are depicted as muzzled dogs.

What would you title this cartoon?

Why?

“In the Circus”-- Bismarck tames the Progressives (January 1864)

What do you think is going on in this cartoon?

What is the artist’s opinion of these events?

A popular circus was in town, so the cartoonist depicts Bismarck as a lion tamer confronting the beasts of the Progressive Party.

One parliamentarian threatens him with a tax boycott, another threatens to raise the "workers' question," while a third threatens to indict the ministers for spending public monies illegally, but Bismarck does not seem to be in real danger.

War Minister Albrecht von Roon is depicted outside the cage at left as the circus master, who has a rifle in case things should get out of hand, while Napoleon III notes from his experience that paying members of parliament for their time served seems quite helpful with "taming" them.

“In the Circus”-- Bismarck tames the Progressives (January 1864)

Bismarck, the puppet-master, manipulates the Prussian king, Wilhelm I (from L'Eclipse, 1870).

How does this image portray the idea expressed better than words could?

(Roon was an old friend who made Bismarck’s rise possible)

How does Roon feel about Bismarck, based on this passage?

KEY TERM: Realpolitik

Who are these characters?

What is the artist’s PoV about the situation?

What emotions are being depicted in these cartoons? What is that artists’ PoV?

This is a VERY famous picture.

What is the artist depicting?What emotions does he portray?How does the artist feel about these events? How do you know?

This cartoon is effective on numerous levels.

Why did the artist make this piece?

How does he feel about those events?

This French cartoon comments on the armistice signed between France & Germany. Brutal German soldiers hold a dagger to the breast of France, while dragging away her Alsatian children.

What is the artist’s PoV about the situation? What emotions does he express?

The German term  Kulturkampf (literally, "culture struggle") refers to German policies in relation to secularity and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church, enacted by Otto von Bismarck. As one scholar put it, "the attack on the church included a series of Prussian, discriminatory laws that made Catholics feel understandably persecuted within a predominantly Protestant nation." The Catholic Church comprised one third of the population of Prussia. In the newly founded German Empire, Bismarck sought to appeal to liberals and Protestants by reducing the political and social influence of the Catholic Church

“Way of Living”

Bismarck and the Pope compare footwear.(Military boots vs. fancy shoes with a cross on them)

(I don’t know who the guy behind the curtain is)

A Political Game of Chess

How does this cartoon reflect the relationship between Bismarck and the Catholic Church?How did the conflict between church and state affect German politics in the 1870s?

On the domestic front, Bismarck applied the same ruthless methods he had used to achieve unification. The Iron Chancellor sought to erase local loyalties and crush all opposition to the imperial state. He targeted two groups—the Catholic Church and the Socialists. In his view, both posed a threat to the new German state.

Why did the artist make this piece?

How would this cartoon impact someone’s opinion of the topic?

The torches read:“Nilihlism”“Democracy”“Socialism”

Who are the characters in this cartoon?

What is the artist saying?

How does the title help us understand the cartoon?