target aksi obat (farmol)

8/10/2019 Target Aksi Obat (Farmol)

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2. Metotreksat

menggantikan folat dalam biosintesis purin sehingga menghambat pertumbuhan

dan pembelahan sel juga.

Target Aksi Obat

1 Votes

Sel harus menjaga polaritasnya dengan

menjaga keseimbangan ion Na+ dan K+ di kompartemen luar dan dalam sel. Jika

kanal ion Na+ membuka dan menyebabkan ion Na+ di luar dan di dalam sel

berkurang. Karena ion Na+ bermuatan positif, maka dia akan menambah muatanpostif di dalam kompartemen intrasel, sehingga perbedaan polaritas menjadi

berkurang, misalnya yang semula -80 mV menjadi -40 mV. Berkurangnyaperbedaan polaritas pada membran sel antara intra dan ekstra sel ini

disebut depolarisasimembran.Depolarisasi ini penting dalam penerusan potensialaksi sepanjang sel saraf karena depolarisasi dapat menyebabkan pembukaan kanal

ion Na lainnya yang bertanggung jawab terhadap penerusan impuls saraf disepanjang akson.

Secara normal, kanal ion K+ selanjutnya akan membuka dan menyebabkan

kembalinya polaritas ataurepolarisasi. Tetapi jika kanal K+ membuka secara

berlebihan, maka ion K+ akan keluar, dan menyebabkan kompartemen di dalam selsemakin negatif sehingga perbedaan polaritas meningkat. Meningkatnya perbedaan

polaritas ini disebut hiperpolarisasimembran.

Hiperpolarisasi juga dapat terjadi jika kanal Cl- di permukaan sel membuka. IonCl- yang bermuatan menjadi lebih negatif dan meningkatkan perbedaan potensial

membran antara ekstrasel dan intrasel. Jika depolarisasi menyebabkan penerusan
http://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/figure6-11.jpg


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potensial aksi sepanjang sel saraf, maka hiperpolariasi menyebabkan

penghambatan penerusan potensial aksi tersebut sehingga menghasilkan efek-efekdepresi sistem saraf pusat.

Target aksi obat ada macam-macam. Berikut ulasannya.

I. KANAL IONKanal ion Na+Kanal ion Ca2+L-type calcium channel blockers, morphine and pain

Combination therapy in hypertension

Effects of efonidipine, an L- and T-type calcium channel blocker

First-line drugs for hypertensionOral drugs for hypertensive urgencies

Prognostic Effects of Calcium Channel Blockers

Kanal ion K+

Kanal ion Cl- II. ENZIM

III. TRANSPORTER1. Transport Pasif

uniport

simport

antiport

2. Transport Aktif

Na+/K+-ATPase

Ca2+-ATPase

H+/K-ATPase

III. RESEPTOR

A. LIGAND-GATED COUPLED RECEPTOR (Reseptor kanal ion)

1. Reseptor asetilkolin nikotinik antagonis

agonis

2. Reseptor GABAA

3. Reseptor Glutamat (ionotropik)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2900735/?tool=pubmedhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2900735/?tool=pubmedhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/combination-therapy-in-hypertension.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/combination-therapy-in-hypertension.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/effects-of-efonidipine-an-l-and-t-type-calcium-channel-blocker.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/effects-of-efonidipine-an-l-and-t-type-calcium-channel-blocker.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/first-line-drugs-for-hypertension.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/first-line-drugs-for-hypertension.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/oral-drugs-for-hypertensive-urgencies.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/oral-drugs-for-hypertensive-urgencies.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/prognostic-effects-of-calcium-channel-blockers.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/prognostic-effects-of-calcium-channel-blockers.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/prognostic-effects-of-calcium-channel-blockers.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/oral-drugs-for-hypertensive-urgencies.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/first-line-drugs-for-hypertension.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/effects-of-efonidipine-an-l-and-t-type-calcium-channel-blocker.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/combination-therapy-in-hypertension.pdfhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2900735/?tool=pubmed


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reseptor N-methyl D-aspartat (NMDA)

reseptor -amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazile propionic acid (AMPA)

reseptor kainate

4. Reseptor 5-HT3 (serotonin)

B. G-PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR (Reseptor yang tergandeng dengan

protein G)

1. Reseptor asetilkolin muskarinik

reseptor muskarinik M1



reseptor muskarinik M4 dan M5

2. Reseptor adrenergic

reseptor -1 adrenergik





3. Reseptor Dopaminedopamine receptor

Cdk5 Modulates Cocaine Reward, Motivation, and StriatalDiagnosis and Initial Management of Parkinson

Monoamine oxidase youdimRetroperitoneal Fibrosis Secondary to Pergolide Therapy

4. Reseptor Angiotensinangiotensin touyz

C. TYROSINE KINASE-LINKED RECEPTOR (Reseptor yang terkait

dengan aktivitas kinase)1. Reseptor faktor pertumbuhan (growth factor)2.

Reseptor EGF (Ephitelial growth factor)

3. Reseptor VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor)4.

Reseptor Sitokin

5.

Reseptor Insulin
http://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/dopamine-receptor.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/dopamine-receptor.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/cdk5-modulates-cocaine-reward-motivation-and-striatal.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/cdk5-modulates-cocaine-reward-motivation-and-striatal.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/diagnosis-and-initial-management-of-parkinson.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/diagnosis-and-initial-management-of-parkinson.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/monoamine-oxidase-youdim.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/monoamine-oxidase-youdim.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/retroperitoneal-fibrosis-secondary-to-pergolide-therapy.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/retroperitoneal-fibrosis-secondary-to-pergolide-therapy.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/angiotensin-touyz.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/angiotensin-touyz.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/angiotensin-touyz.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/retroperitoneal-fibrosis-secondary-to-pergolide-therapy.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/monoamine-oxidase-youdim.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/diagnosis-and-initial-management-of-parkinson.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/cdk5-modulates-cocaine-reward-motivation-and-striatal.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/dopamine-receptor.pdf


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D. NUCLEAR RECEPTOR (Reseptor inti)1.

Reseptor Glukokortikoid

2.

Peroxisome proliferations-activated receptor (PPAR)

Avandaryl_PI

1.

Reseptor estrogenLain-lain

pgv-0 alergi

zaitsu 2007 mast cell

Daftar PustakaTarget aksi obat paten
http://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/avandaryl_pi.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/avandaryl_pi.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/pgv-0-alergi.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/pgv-0-alergi.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/zaitsu-2007-mast-cell.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/zaitsu-2007-mast-cell.pdfhttp://www.organic-reaction.com/drugs-targets/http://www.organic-reaction.com/drugs-targets/http://www.organic-reaction.com/drugs-targets/http://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/zaitsu-2007-mast-cell.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/pgv-0-alergi.pdfhttp://moko31.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/avandaryl_pi.pdf

target aksi obat (farmol)

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