SUSY Baryogenesis, EDMs, & Dark Matter: A Systematic Approach

M.J. Ramsey-Musolf

V. Cirigliano CaltechC. Lee INTS. Tulin CaltechS. Profumo Caltech

PRD 71: 075010 (2005), hep-ph/0603058 (PRD), hep-ph/0603246 (JHEP)

The Origin of Matter & Energy

Beyond the SM SM symmetry (broken)

Electroweak symmetry breaking: Higgs ?

Baryogenesis: When? SUSY? Neutrinos? CPV?

WIMPy D.M.: Related to baryogenesis?

“New gravity”? Grav baryogenesis ?

Weak scale baryogenesis can be tested experimentally Cosmic Energy Budget

?

What is the origin of baryonic matter ?

Cosmic Energy Budget

Baryons

Dark Matter

Dark Energy

Searches for permanent electric dipole moments (EDMs) of the neutron, electron, and neutral atoms probe new CP-violation

€

r E

€

r d = d

r S

€

νEDM = − dr S ⋅

r E

h

T-odd , CP-odd by CPT theorem

What are the quantitative implications of new EDM experiments for explaining the origin of the baryonic component of the Universe ?

€

YB = ρ B

sγ

=(7.3 ± 2.5) ×10−11

(9.2 ±1.1) ×10−11

BBN

WMAP

EDM Probes of New CP Violation

f dSM dexp dfuture

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e−

n199Hg

μ

< 10−40

< 10−30

< 10−33

< 10−28

< 1.6 ×10−27

< 6.3 ×10−26

< 2.1×10−28

< 1.1×10−18

→ 10−31

→ 10−29

→ 10−32

→ 10−24

CKM

If new EWK CP violation is responsible for abundance of matter, will these experiments see an EDM?

Also 225Ra, 129Xe, d

See Pospelov, Plaster

Baryogenesis and EDMs: Theoretical Tasks

• Attaining reliable computations that relate particlephysics models of new CP-violation to EDMs ofcomplex systems (neutron, atoms, nuclei)

• Attaining reliable (systematic) computations of the baryon asymmetry from fundamental particle physics theories with new CP-violation

Nonperturbative QCD, atomic & nuclear structure

• Non-equilibrium quantum transport• Non-zero T and • Spacetime dynamics of cosmic phase transitions

Equally difficult but less studied This talk series

Baryogenesis: New Electroweak Physics

Weak Scale Baryogenesis

• B violation

• C & CP violation

• Nonequilibrium dynamics

Sakharov, 1967

?

ϕ new

?

φ(x)

Unbroken phase

Broken phaseCP Violation

Topological transitions

1st order phase transition

• Is it viable?• Can experiment constrain it?• How reliably can we compute it?

?

γ

?

e -?

ψnew

?

ϕ new

?

ϕ new

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W

€

W

€

JμB

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qL

Theoretical Issues:Transport at phase boundary (non-eq QFT)Bubble dynamics (numerical)Strength of phase transition (beyond MSSM)EDMs: many-body physics & QCD

Systematic Baryogenesis

Unbroken phase

Topological transitions

Broken phase

1st order phase transition ?

φ(x)

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∂rB

∂t− D∇ 2ρ B = −ΓWS FWS (x) nL (x) + Rρ B[ ]

FWS (x) !0 deep inside bubble

nL produced in wall & diffuses in front

Cohen, Kaplan, Nelson Joyce, Prokopec, Turok

“snow”

€

W

€

W

€

JμB

€

qL

Systematic Baryogenesis

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∂ni

∂t− D∇ 2ni = S n j ,T,ϕ , ˜ M ( )

Quantum Transport Equation

Unbroken phase

Topological transitions

Broken phase

1st order phase transition ?

φ(x)

= +

+

+ …€

˜ G

€

˜ G 0

€

˜ G 0

€

˜ G 0

€

˜ Σ

Schwinger-Dyson Equations

Riotto Carena et al Lee, Cirigliano, Tulin, R-M Konstandin et al

Compute from first principles given Lnew

Systematic BaryogenesisDeparture from equilibrium• Non-adiabatic evolution of states

& degeneracies

• Non-thermal distributions

= +

++…

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˜ G

€

˜ G 0

€

˜ G 0

€

˜ G 0

€

˜ Σ

Generalized Green’s Functions: Closed Time Path

Exploit scale hierarchy: expand in scale ratios

Scale Hierarchy

T > 0: Degeneracies

€

q

€

q

€

gM(T)

P(T)

vW > 0: Non-adiabaticity

vW

Time Scales

Plasma time:

P ~ 1/P

Decoherence time:

d ~ 1/vW k)

€

˜ t L

e.g., particle in an expanding box

Scale Hierarchy

Time scales:

p = int / P ~ P /

d = int / d ~ vwk /

<< 1

<< 1

P Cf / m2 + Cf T2 + k2 k / 1 vw ~ 0.1

int ~ 1/P ~ 1/P d ~ 1/(vwk)

Energy scales:

T << 1

Quantum Transport Equations

= + + …

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˜ G

€

˜ G 0+

€

˜ G 0

€

˜ G 0

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˜ Σ

Expand in d,p,

Currents

CP violating sources Links CP violation in Higgs

and baryon sectors

Chiral Relaxation

Strong sphalerons

Producing nL = 0

• SCPV

• M , H , Y , SS

From S-D Equations:

• SCPV

• M , H , Y

Numerical work:

• SS

Riotto, Carena et al, Lee et al

Lee et al

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∂Xμ jμ (X) = d3z dz0 Σ>(X,z) G<(z, X) − G>(X,z) Σ<(z,X) +L[ ]−∞

X 0∫∫

Approximations

• neglect O() terms

Some Results: Preview

Baryon Number (Illustrative, MSSM)

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YB = ρ B

sγ

= F1 sinφμ + F2 sin(φμ + φA )

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F1∝S ˜ H

CPV

Γ ΓWS

Γdiff

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F2∝S˜ t

CPV

Γ ΓWS

Γdiff

Higgsinos Squarks

MSSM EWB: Higgsino-Gaugino driven

Resonant CPV & Relaxation

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ˆ S ˜ H

€

RΓ

€

(GeV )

€

(GeV )

€

M ˜ W

Huet & Nelson

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M ˜ W

CP violation Relaxation

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F1∝S ˜ H

CPV

Γ ΓWS

Γdiff

See C. Lee talk

Baryon Number & Y

Cirigliano, Lee, R-M, Tulin

gH

tLtLtR

Joyce, Prokopec, Turok

€

YB = ρ B

sγ

= F1 sinφμ + F2 sin(φμ + φA )our Y

previous Y

See S. Tulin talk

EDM constraints & SUSY CPV

One-loop vs. Two-loop EDMsSee S. Profumo talk

See C. Lee talk

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γ

€

˜ e

€

e−

€

˜ e

€

χ 0

EDM constraints & SUSY CPV

SUGRA: M2 ~ 2M1 AMSB: M1 ~ 3M2

See Profumo talk

LEP II Exclusion

Neutralino-driven baryogenesis

Baryogenesis

Two loop de

DM Considerations

| sin ϕ | > 0.02

| de , dn | > 10-28 e-cm

Mχ < 1 TeV

Conclusions

• New EDM experiments can test -- and possibly rule out -- EWB as a paradigm for explaining the BAU provided sufficiently reliable computations of YB can be performed

• Progress is being made in obtaining systematic computations of YB by computing all relevant transport coefficients in a consistent framework

• There exists a rich phenomenology involving cosmology, EDMs, LHC, ILC in SUSY and beyond as well as additional formal work to be undertaken