Sustaining Food grain & Oilseed production growth Sustaining Food grain & Oilseed production growth with focused Crop Planning & Resource with focused Crop Planning & Resource Management under Challenged Climate Management under Challenged Climate The West The West

Bengal Way Bengal Way

The West The West Bengal WayBengal Way

Identified Weather Aberrations in Agril. Production System Identified Weather Aberrations in Agril. Production System of West Bengalof West Bengal

Weather aspect Recent Observations

On-set of Monsoon Delayed by 5 to 8 days in most of the year

Monsoon behaviour

1. Un-even distribution of Rainfall

2. Longer duration of intermittent dry spell

3. Heavy Rainfall in small pockets

4. No. of depression / low pressure system decreasing

5. More Rainfall in later part of Monsoon

6. Often delay in Monsoon withdrawal

Winter

1. Temperature Rise

2. Frequent warm spell during the season

3.Length of Winter shorten by 15 days

4.More no. of cloudy days

Pre-Monsoon 1.No. of Nor’Wester is decreasing

.

Region June July August September

Norm

al

Actual(% Dep.)

Norm

alN

ormal

ActualActual(% Dep.)(% Dep.)

Norm

alN

ormal

Actual(% Dep.)

Norm

alN

ormal

ActualActual(% Dep.)(% Dep.)

20122012 20132013 20142014 20122012 20132013 20142014 20122012 20132013 20142014 2012 2013 2014

Sub- Sub- Himalayan Himalayan West BengalWest Bengal

454 552(22)

405(-11)

480(6)

635 641(1)

531(-16)

334(-47)

458 279(-39)

421(-8)

531(16)

420 389(-7)

316(-25)

395(-6)

Gangetic Gangetic West West BengalBengal

256 139(-46)

229(-10)

183(-29)

318 303(-5)

239(-25)

278(-12)

311 225(-28)

377(21)

296(-5)

257 223(-13)

243(-5)

221(-14)

West BengalWest Bengal 322322 277277(-14)(-14)

288288(-11)(-11)

282282(-12)(-12)

425425 416416(-2)(-2)

336336(-21)(-21)

297297(-30)(-30)

360360 243243(-33)(-33)

392392(9)(9)

374374(4)(4)

311311 278278(-11)(-11)

267267(-14)(-14)

279279(-10)(-10)

Rainfall Analysis (m.m.) for the year 2012 to 2014

West Bengal ….. An Overview

• WB is the fifth largest state in terms of GSDP after Maharashtra, UP, TN, and AP

• It is the third largest contributor in agriculture Sector of Real GDP .

• In area it is the 12th

• In population it is 4th

•West Bengal has 3% of India’s land mass and 8% of the population, with population density 1029 per sq. km.

•Majority of the population live in rural areas, most of whom are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood.

•Agriculture accounts for about 17% (2013-14) State Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and provides employment to over 55% of workers.

•There is little scope for further increasing the current cultivable area. It was becoming increasingly difficult to maintain the growth rate in the absence of adequate infrastructure support, crop diversification, and market access.

Crop Planning & Resource ManagementCrop Planning & Resource Management Perspectives: Perspectives:

Geographical Area 8875200 ha.

Total Cultivable Area5673352 ha(63.9% of total geographical area)

Net Area SownNet Area Sown52,04,902 ha(91.74% of Cultivable Area)

A. Total Cultivable Area in less fertile 6 dists of Sub-Himalayan West Bengal

15,28,403 ha(15,28,403 ha(26.94% of 26.94% of Total Cultivable Area) Total Cultivable Area)

B. Total Cultivable Area in 8 fertile B. Total Cultivable Area in 8 fertile dists of West Bengaldists of West Bengal

23,97,853 (42.27% of total Cultivable Area)

C. . Total Cultivable Area in 4 less fertile C. . Total Cultivable Area in 4 less fertile red & lateritic dists of West Bengalred & lateritic dists of West Bengal

17,47,096 17,47,096 ha(30.79% of ha(30.79% of total Cultivable Area)total Cultivable Area)

Av. Cropping Intensity in 6 Dists of Av. Cropping Intensity in 6 Dists of Sub-Himalayan West BengalSub-Himalayan West Bengal 174.51%174.51%

Av. Cropping Intensity in fertile 8 districts of West Bengal,

198.01%

Av. Cropping Intensity in 4 less Av. Cropping Intensity in 4 less fertile red & lateritic dists of West fertile red & lateritic dists of West BengalBengal

155.85%155.85%

Gross Cropped Area(2012-13) 9458675 haSize of average Land Holding 0.77 ha / Holding

Resource Planning & Management issues :Resource Planning & Management issues :

• About 64% of the geographical area is engaged under cultivation About 64% of the geographical area is engaged under cultivation with the Population Density of 1029/Sq Km, this brings even sub-with the Population Density of 1029/Sq Km, this brings even sub-optimal optimal Land Resource Land Resource under cultivation.under cultivation.

• Yet, Yet, Area, Yield & Production Area, Yield & Production under Rice, wheat, Pulses, Oilseed, under Rice, wheat, Pulses, Oilseed, Maize, Groundnut & Potato have increased during 2013-14. Maize, Groundnut & Potato have increased during 2013-14.

• Eight(08)districts having most fertile land having 42.27% of Eight(08)districts having most fertile land having 42.27% of Cultivable Area & C.I. of about 198% is affected by vagaries of Cultivable Area & C.I. of about 198% is affected by vagaries of monsoon to a great extent for the last 3-4 yrs.monsoon to a great extent for the last 3-4 yrs.

• Total No. of Agril. Holding is 71,23,000 with av. Holding size of Total No. of Agril. Holding is 71,23,000 with av. Holding size of 0.77 ha.0.77 ha.

• Gap between IPC & IPU,Gap between IPC & IPU,• Historically, Historically, Market Demand & Farmer’s profitMarket Demand & Farmer’s profit are less are less

integrated with integrated with Crop & Resource Planning & ManagementCrop & Resource Planning & Management..• About 75 % of total Pulse area & 70.5 % of total

Oilseed area of the State is occupied during Rabi season only,

Resource Planning & Management Thrust :Resource Planning & Management Thrust :

• Major thrust with Good Agril. Practice (Major thrust with Good Agril. Practice (GAP)GAP) for for Rice, Pulses, Wheat, Oilseed, Maize, Groundnut & Rice, Pulses, Wheat, Oilseed, Maize, Groundnut & Potato through Demonstration & Training.Potato through Demonstration & Training.

• Inclusive Farmer’s Training Programme with ICT in 6 Inclusive Farmer’s Training Programme with ICT in 6 Pilot districts, Krishi Mela in each Block, TV & Radio Pilot districts, Krishi Mela in each Block, TV & Radio Programme with dedicated time slot & other Programme with dedicated time slot & other extension tools like literature, meeting etc. helps extension tools like literature, meeting etc. helps boosting yield even in poorer land.boosting yield even in poorer land.

• Intensified thrust on KCC coverage Intensified thrust on KCC coverage has resulted in has resulted in better cash support to the resource poor farmers. better cash support to the resource poor farmers.

• To ensure better Marketing support, Block Krishak To ensure better Marketing support, Block Krishak bazars had been planned & 65 of these already bazars had been planned & 65 of these already launched . launched .

• Thrust on Increased Integration of Agriculture with Thrust on Increased Integration of Agriculture with Irrigation, Marketing, Cooperative, Power, Finance Irrigation, Marketing, Cooperative, Power, Finance Dept. have yielded better production & income to Dept. have yielded better production & income to farming community.farming community.

Planning Initiatives & innovative Way Planning Initiatives & innovative Way forward:forward:• West Bengal divided in three Vulnerable Zones on resourcesWest Bengal divided in three Vulnerable Zones on resources::

1. 1. LLess fertile 6 dists of Sub-Himalayan West Bengal: Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, Uttar & Dakhsin Dinajpur & Maldah. Av. C.I. is 174.5%. Rainfall variability is lesser.

InitiativesInitiatives: i) GAP of major crops with cluster D/C approach,: i) GAP of major crops with cluster D/C approach, ii) Targeting low lying Rice fallows in rainfed areas with ii) Targeting low lying Rice fallows in rainfed areas with

lentil, Khesari & Toria, Mustard as Poira crop, lentil, Khesari & Toria, Mustard as Poira crop, iii) Targeting Boro areas with inadequate irrigation with iii) Targeting Boro areas with inadequate irrigation with

crops like maize, groundnut & Sesame & reducing the gap of IPC crops like maize, groundnut & Sesame & reducing the gap of IPC & IPU & growing Rabi Mustard, Sunflower & Pulses.& IPU & growing Rabi Mustard, Sunflower & Pulses.

iv) Linking potential market of Pulses & Oilseeds by iv) Linking potential market of Pulses & Oilseeds by providing small Oil Mills & Dal Mills to SKUS & Farmer’s Groups providing small Oil Mills & Dal Mills to SKUS & Farmer’s Groups to encourage extension of areas.to encourage extension of areas.

Planning Initiatives & innovative Way Planning Initiatives & innovative Way forward:forward:

2. 2. Eight(08) fertile dists of West Bengal: Murshidabad, Nadia, PGS(N) & (S), Eight(08) fertile dists of West Bengal: Murshidabad, Nadia, PGS(N) & (S), Burdwan, Howrah, Hoogly & Purba Medinipur. Av. C.I is 198.01%, Rainfall Burdwan, Howrah, Hoogly & Purba Medinipur. Av. C.I is 198.01%, Rainfall variability is wide.variability is wide.

InitiativesInitiatives: i) Promoting GAP in major crops with cluster D/C approach,: i) Promoting GAP in major crops with cluster D/C approach, ii) Targeting low lying Rice fallows in rainfed areas with lentil, Khesari & ii) Targeting low lying Rice fallows in rainfed areas with lentil, Khesari &

Toria, Mustard as Poira crop, Toria, Mustard as Poira crop, iii) Targeting reduced irrigated Boro areas with crops like maize, iii) Targeting reduced irrigated Boro areas with crops like maize,

groundnut & Oilseed like Sesame & reducing the gap of IPC & IPU & growing Rabi groundnut & Oilseed like Sesame & reducing the gap of IPC & IPU & growing Rabi Mustard, Sunflower & Pulses.Mustard, Sunflower & Pulses.

iv) iv) Extending Dal & Oil Mill to farmer’s Groups for integrating market.Extending Dal & Oil Mill to farmer’s Groups for integrating market.

3. 3. Four(04) less fertile dists in Red & Lateritic zone of West Bengal: Birbhum, Bankura, Purulia Four(04) less fertile dists in Red & Lateritic zone of West Bengal: Birbhum, Bankura, Purulia & West Medinipur. Av. C.I. is 155.85%. Rainfall variability is very high.& West Medinipur. Av. C.I. is 155.85%. Rainfall variability is very high.

InitiativesInitiatives: i) Promoting GAP in Alternate crops along with Paddy during Kharif season.: i) Promoting GAP in Alternate crops along with Paddy during Kharif season. ii) Targeting low lying Rice fallows in rainfed areas with lentil, Khesari & Toria, ii) Targeting low lying Rice fallows in rainfed areas with lentil, Khesari & Toria,

Mustard as Poira crop,Mustard as Poira crop, iii) iii) Extending Dal & Oil Mill facilities to farmer’s Groups for accessing market Extending Dal & Oil Mill facilities to farmer’s Groups for accessing market ..

linking Potential Market with Crop Diversification linking Potential Market with Crop Diversification Mission by Sunflower Oil MillMission by Sunflower Oil Mill

Khirsol SKUS, Bankura, Dal MillKhirsol SKUS, Bankura, Dal Mill

Extending Dal & Oil Mill to farmer’s Groups for integrating Extending Dal & Oil Mill to farmer’s Groups for integrating market, an experiencemarket, an experience

Radhamohanpur SKUS, Bankura, Dal Mill

Bikrampur SKUS, Sunflower Oil MillBikrampur SKUS, Sunflower Oil Mill Malbona, SKUS, Sunflower Oil MillMalbona, SKUS, Sunflower Oil Mill

**** Area under Lentil, Black gram, Sunflower increased & farmers of their own, established Flower Mill, Area under Lentil, Black gram, Sunflower increased & farmers of their own, established Flower Mill, Spices Mill etc at Burdwan district.Spices Mill etc at Burdwan district.

Crop Planning & Resource Management Crop Planning & Resource Management Results during 2013-14Results during 2013-14

ActivitiesActivities ResultsResultsArea under Boro Rice during Area under Boro Rice during 2013-14 has been reduced 2013-14 has been reduced over 2008-09over 2008-09

2.87 lakh ha(18.47%)2.87 lakh ha(18.47%)

Total Rice production Total Rice production increased over 2010-11increased over 2010-11

19.24 lakh MT, (14.37%). 19.24 lakh MT, (14.37%). During 2013-14,153.14 Lakh During 2013-14,153.14 Lakh MT Rice against State MT Rice against State requirement of 144.89 lakh requirement of 144.89 lakh MT(5.7% excess production).MT(5.7% excess production).

Productivity of Boro increased Productivity of Boro increased over 2010-11over 2010-11

Productivity increased by Productivity increased by 24.29%.24.29%.( 2010-11, 2708 kg/ha; 2013-( 2010-11, 2708 kg/ha; 2013-14, 3366 kg/ha).14, 3366 kg/ha).

Reversing the Declining trend Reversing the Declining trend of area under of area under MaizeMaize, , PulsePulse & & OilseedOilseed Crops as on13-14. Crops as on13-14.

Lentil >44.9%, Khesari>19.13%, Urd>28.8%,Total Pulse>42.9% ,Sesame>10.2%, Mustard>10.4%, Groundnut>15.1%, Sunflower>38.6%, Total Oilseed>11.7%, Maize>41.8%.

Increasing the Productivity of Increasing the Productivity of potential potential Maize, Pulse & Maize, Pulse & Oilseed Oilseed crops as on 13-14crops as on 13-14,,

Lentil >49.1%, Khesari>102.7%, Lentil >49.1%, Khesari>102.7%, Urd>5%,Urd>5%,Total Total Pulse>35.04% Pulse>35.04% ,Sesame>46.1%, ,Sesame>46.1%, Mustard>40.9%, Mustard>40.9%, Groundnut>48.4%, Groundnut>48.4%, Sunflower>31.5%, Sunflower>31.5%, Total Total Oilseed>43.2%, Maize>7.3%.Oilseed>43.2%, Maize>7.3%.

Focussed Crop Planning at ground Focussed Crop Planning at ground level(L ha) level(L ha)

Area of Paddy & Food grains ……. Comparative Status (L Ha)

Mission Crop Diversification( Lakh Ha) Mission Crop Diversification( Lakh Ha)

Production of Rice & Food grains ………Comparative Status (L MT)

Achieving Crop Diversification with a Achieving Crop Diversification with a Mission(in L MT)Mission(in L MT)

Farmer Household income at current price

Farmer Household income at constant price

EXPENDITURE UNDER DIFFERENT SCHEMES DURING 2013-14

(Rs in Crore)

Co-ordination with Line Departments

• 36,55,581 nos. KCC had been distributed from 2009-10 to 2013-14 involving Rs 70717 Crores.

• 151800 ha Additional Minor Irrigation Potential had been created in the State from 2011-12 to 2013-14.

• Rs 500 crore have been sanctioned for dedicated feeder line for Agril. Installations.

• To ensure better market support, Krishak Bazar at each Block have been planned, 65 Bazars already launched & rests are under construction

• Rehabilitation support to natural calamity affected farmers (6,41,528 nos.) under SDRF for agricultural input to the tune of 38.47 Crore during 2013-14

Strategies & Innovatives Agriculture and Allied sector growth beyond 4%. Construction of Krishak Bazar (Mandi) at all blocks in a phased manner

with scientific facilities and advisory system. Infrastructure for Agriculture and allied sectors. Self sufficiency and timely availability of quality seeds and other

agricultural input. Topmost priority on expansion of area and production of pulses, oilseeds

and maize. KCC for all eligible farmers. Special emphasis on farm mechanization. Crop diversification, alternate crop, Integrated crop management

prioritized. Research extension linkage towards growth enhancement. Emphasis on Natural Resources Management. Superior Farmer Advisories. Adopting Mission approach through AWS. All Govt. subsidy has been disbursed through KCC/Bank A/c. Emphasis on Excavation and Re-excavation of Rain water harvesting

structure.