street vendors in india: study in ten cities...street vendors in india: study in ten cities sharit...
TRANSCRIPT
Street Vendors in India: Study
in Ten Cities
Sharit Bhowmik
Professor of Labour Studies
Tata Institute of Social Sciences
Mumbai
ICDD Research Cluster
Fourth Workshop. University of Campinas, Brazil November 2011
Ten cities covered
Bengaluru (Bangalore) (south),
Bhubaneswar (east), Delhi (north),
Hyderabad (south), Imphal (North
East), Indore (central), Jaipur (west),
Lucknow (north), Mumbai (west),
Patna (east)
Definition
Person who offers goods for sale to
the public at large without having a
built up structure (permanent). Could
be mobile or stationary
Positive aspects of street vending
Urban poor procure their necessities
at cheap rates.
One section of urban poor (hawkers)
subsidise other sections
Total employment from street vending
higher if backward linkages are
considered
SVs sell goods made in small or
household sector
Plastics, food stuff, clothes, small
vegitable growers etc
SVs provide markets for these goods
Sex
Overwhelmingly male
Imphal 90% female
Bengaluru, Delhi, Jaipur 30% or more
Indore, Mumbai 28%
Hyderabad 16%
Bhuibaneswar, Lucknow 7%
Educational levels
Majority are functionally literate
5% no schooling
65% Primary
25 % up to secondary
Higher secondary 2-3%
Mumbai HS 6%
Few graduates and post graduates
Income
Rs. 141 a day was need based
minimum wage in urban areas
Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Lucknow
85% earn more
Mumbai, Delhi 65%
Jaipur above 50%
Imphal, Indore, Patna: less than 50%
No of dependents
4 or more
Bengaluru, Bhubaneswar,
Hyderabad, Indore, Patna 80% or
more
Mumbai, Jaipur above 70%
Delhi 45%
Rent seeking, evictions
Bribes range between 5 to 20% of
income
Lower for women as they earn less
All have been evicted at least once
More than half evicted three times
Previous employment
Mumbai, Delhi, Lucknow, Indore,
Patna: 30% had regular wage
employment
20-50% rural migrants
30% second generation