state's prefinal chapter 6

7/29/2019 State's Prefinal Chapter 6

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Chapter 6 Alternatives

Kkee and Waimea Canyon State Parks Master Plan 6-1

CHAPTER 6ALTERNATIVES6.1 ALTERNATIVE 1: NO ACTION(EXISTINGCONDITIONS PLAN) VISIONFacilities, activities, and programs areadministered on a case-by-case basis at thetwo parks. No new facilities or parkprograms are developed. Current activitiesand programs will be continued withexisting revenues and managementresources.

OBJECTIVES Continue existing programs at current

levels.

Continue existing visitor services atcurrent levels (e.g. museum and Lodge).

Monitor park use and users to establishpark resource limits.

Establish revenue enhancementprogram, e.g. entrance fee.

Protect the park resources (natural andman-made).

Establish design guidelines for theprotection of historic structures.

Maintain existing roads and utilities.

FEATURES SUMMARYThe features of this Alternative include:

Continue existing programs and

management structure. Re-lease existing recreation residences.

Establish recreation residencemaintenance fees for infrastructure.

Renovate and/or replace utilities andinfrastructure as necessary to maintainexisting levels of service.

6.2 ALTERNATIVE 2: REMEDIALIMPROVEMENT PLAN VISIONPreserve the existing character of the parkwith upgrades to visitor amenities,infrastructure, and utilities in a manner thatreinforces the Parks historic character and

avoids intensifying development. Afundamental goal of the remedial plan is tomaintain existing resources, enhance userfacilities and to generate sufficient revenue

to sustain park operations, maintenance,and routine program upgrades.Improvements to facilities, activities, andprograms are to be administered on a case-by-case basis. See Figure 6-1. OBJECTIVES Achieve sustainable operations with

35% of park revenues.

Upgrade existing park facilities such aslookouts, trails, and access roads withimprovements to and, if appropriate,minor expansion of lookouts, trails, androads to enhance the visitor experience.

Develop design guidelines to protect thehistoric value and rustic character of therecreation residences and other parkstructures.

Improve natural resources managementand protection of native ecosystems. To

address the rare and threatened speciesendemic to the parks, focus programson invasive species control..

Enhance visitor orientation withdirectional signs.

Monitor park use and users to establishresource limits.


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FEATURES SUMMARYThe features of Alternative 2: RemedialImprovement Plan are depicted in Figure 6-1. Highlights include:

Collect entry fee from non-residents andcommercial operators using the park.Exempt Hawaii residents from entry

fees. Expand user fees for operationsand maintenance.

Repair and resurface entire length ofKkee Road. Repair and re-gravel

collector and local roads servingrecreation residences. Repair Camp 10Road for public access.

Retain water tank lots for short-termrental. Select limited number of Kkee

lots for park use. Re-lease all remaininglots in 2006.

Enforce Kkee Vernacular design

guidelines for all recreation residenceswith historic rating of 3, 4, and 5.Establish maintenance fees forinfrastructure.

Park HQ: Relocate existing Park HQ

building closer to lodge and develop asvisitor service center.

Continue CCC Camp renovation for useas interpretive, educational, andresearch center.

Repair existing trails and improvedirectional and informational signage attrailheads. Complete Ditch Trail andCliff Trail segments, and Pihea Trailboardwalk.

Improve pathways and visitor amenities

at all lookouts. Add visitor orientationand interpretive signage.

6.3 ALTERNATIVE 3: LIMITED ACCESS/ CONSERVATIONPLAN

VISIONRestore the parks to a more natural state byscaling back existing development. TheConservation Plan seeks to create a

destination in which visitors can experiencethe areas unique native ecosystem and

historic-cultural landscape througheducation and interpretive programs andpersonal immersion in the environment.See Figure 6-2. OBJECTIVES

Achieve sustainable operations with35% of park revenues.

Consider user fees and entrance feesfrom non-residents and commercialoperations in the parks.

Protect and restore the native flora,fauna, and habitats in the parks andsurrounding natural areas.

Educate park visitors about theecological values of the region andthe need for protection andrestoration efforts.

Enhance park identity and visitororientation through interpretive anddirectional signs.

Establish design guidelines for theprotection of historic structures.

Limit vehicle access on park roadsand centralize pedestrian access inremote areas.

Remove structures that do notcontribute to the historic character ofthe area and re-vegetate the clearedarea with native plants. Reduce thefootprint of developed visitorfacilities.

Eliminate introduced flora andfauna.


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FEATURES SUMMARYThe features of Alternative 3: LimitedAccess / Conservation Plan are depicted inFigure 6-2. Highlights include: Collect entry fee from non-residents and

commercial operators using the park.Exempt Hawaii residents from entry

fees. Expand user fees for operationsand maintenance.

Re-lease all lots with historic rating of 3,4, and 5. Remove all structures withhistoric rating of 1 or 2. Enforce Kkee

Vernacular design guidelines. Establish

maintenance fees for infrastructure. Allow no new recreation residence

construction. Restore vacant lots tonatural conditions.

Prohibit vehicles past Kalalau Lookout.Prohibit back country vehicle access onCamp 10 Road.

Remove built facilities from Puu o Kila

Lookout.

Repair and resurface Kkee Road up to

Kalalau Lookout. Repair and re-gravel

collector and local roads servingrecreation residences.

Connect Faye Road and HalemanuRoad across Kkee Stream.

Develop new Park HQ / visitor servicebuilding near Lodge. Develop thematicorchard landscaping and coveredwalkways to unify setting.

Re-develop CCC Camp as a naturalresource research and education center

with residential facilities for staff andresearchers.

Develop backcountry gateway trail

hubs at Camp Sloggett, Awaawapuhi

Trailhead, and Kalalau Lookout. Reducenumber of trails in Kahuamaa Flats.

Renovate and upgrade utilities andinfrastructure.

Develop interpretive facilities atWaimea Canyon Lookout, Park HQ,Camp Sloggett, Awaawapuhi

Trailhead, and Kalalau Lookout.

Conduct habitat restoration program in

Kahuamaa Flats.

Monitor park use and users to establishresource limits.

6.4 ALTERNATIVE 4: ENHANCEDPARKFACILITYDEVELOPMENTPLAN VISIONTo optimize recreational opportunities and

facilities and to expand interpretiveprograms that allow park visitors toexperience the natural, cultural and historicresources. The plan seeks to create adestination that enhances the wildlandexperience that visitors of all physical skilllevels can enjoy and appreciate whileengaging in a variety of outdoorrecreational and educational activities. SeeFigure 6-3.

OBJECTIVES Achieve sustainable operations with

35% of park revenues.

Enhance park identity and visitororientation through interpretive anddirectional signs.

Protect and restore the historic andcultural resources in the parks andsurrounding areas.

Enhance recreational opportunities forpark visitors by increasing trail mileage,creating new trail hubs and campingfacilities, and providing interpretivehikes/tours, etc.

Focus development at lookouts andalong the roadway corridor between


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Puu ka Pele and Kanaloahuluhulu Meadow.


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Integrate the parks and adjacent forestreserves by means of an enhanced trailsystem of nodes and hubs and trailheadkiosks.

Protect and restore the native flora,fauna, and habitat in the parks andsurrounding natural areas.

Educate park visitors about theecological values in the region andprotection and restoration efforts.

Establish design guidelines for theprotection of historic structures and inthe construction of new structures.

Remove structures that do notcontribute to the historic character of the

area and re-vegetate the cleared areawith native vegetation.

Expand opportunities to learn about theparks history and cultural landscape

through interpretive facilities and tours,(both guided and self-guided, vehiclesand walking tours) and kiosks.

Design and construct a visitor centerthat orients visitors to the parks andshows the resources and history of theparks through audio-visual programs,

exhibits, and displays. Develop satellite interpretive facilities

at lookouts and trail hubs.

Develop tours around themes, e.g.native forests, bird-watching, historiccabins (for architectural history).

Expand concession and managementleases to provide interpretive and visitorservices.

Develop interpretive (nature) trails at

locations that are ADA accessible. FEATURES SUMMARYThe features of Alternative 4: EnhancedPark Facility Development Plan aredepicted in Figure 6-3. Highlights include:

Re-lease all existing recreation

residences that contribute to the historiccharacter of the area. Houses in thewater tank lots and Faye Road to bereserved for short-term rentals. EnforceKkee Vernacular design guidelines.

Establish maintenance fees forinfrastructure.

Develop new homes on vacant lots.Follow Kkee Vernacular design

guidelines.

Repair and resurface Kkee Road. Pave

collector roads. Repair and re-gravellocal roads serving recreationresidences. Repair Camp 10 Road forbackcountry access. Connect Faye Road

and Halemanu Road across KkeeStream.

Enhance park identity and visitororientation. Develop Lodge area as amain street layout with new Park HQ,Lodge, and Education Center buildingsseparated by landscaped spaces, andserved by store-front parking andcovered boardwalk connection.

Re-develop CCC Camp for use asresearch / interpretive center and

hostel. Develop trail hubs at Halemanu, Camp

Sloggett, Awaawapuhi Trailhead, Puu

Hinahina and Park HQ withinterconnecting trail system.

Establish revenue enhancementprogram, including entry fee for non-residents and commercial operators atWaimea Canyon Lookout.

Renovate and upgrade utilities and

infrastructure. Monitor park use and users to establish

resource limits.


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6.5 ALTERNATIVES EVALUATIONThe selection of a preferred alternative planis based upon an evaluation process thatconsidered the range of opportunities

presented by the project site. Within the twoparks, the range of opportunities is limitedby the resources ability to sustain itself.

Limitations when imposed, however, aremore discrete and are related to theresources available some natural andsome man-made. The limitations of thenatural resources have been documented inthe opportunities and constraints section ofthe Analysis Report. In this way, resource

limits were kept at the forefront of thealternative development process.

The evaluation of the alternative wasconducted on a qualitative basis. Decisionswere required to be made on the basis ofbest fit with the overall theme orapproach to the development of the park.Specific measures used are described below.

MEASURESOF EVALUATIONThe following measures were used as thebasis of the evaluation:

Thematic Approach

Plan Components

Conflict Evaluation

Costs and Revenue

Management and Administration

THEMATICAPPROACHThe evaluation process begins with adecision about fundamental park values.The four alternatives described aboveprovide a starting point for identifying thepark themes, or values that will ultimatelybe advanced in the master plan. They

represent a range of developmentintensities, from return to nature tomaximum enhancement of built amenities.In their individual composition of programelements, each places different emphasis onessential park functions of resourceprotection, recreation, education, andrevenue generation.

Comments forwarded by four groups wereevaluated and are summarized in Table 6-1.Based on responses received, Alternative 2,the remedial approach, garnered the mostsupport compared to Alternatives 3 and 4,and would be the thematic approach used

for the development of the Master Plan.

Table 6-1Thematic Approach EvaluationAlt-1

Alt-2

Alt-3

Alt-4

Consultant

Kkee IATF

PublicComments

State Parks Staff

= Favorable approach= Undesirable approach= Somewhat favorable approach

PLANCOMPONENTSSelection of compatible plan componentswas the next stage of the evaluation process.Plan components are organized under theheading of land use, circulation, and open

space. The preferred plan can beconstructed from components of a singlealternative or can be a composite of discretecomponents selected from each of the fourAlternatives.

If discrete components are selected fromseveral alternatives, then a new plan is


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created and evaluated. The componentsselected are to be evaluated against theirability to meet the requirements or

development goals of that particular plan.If plan components are judged to be out ofcharacter with the overall goal, then

Table 6-2Plan Component EvaluationDevelopmentTheme Alt-1 Alt-2 Alt-3 Alt-4

Natural Resources Historic & Cultural

Resources

Scenic Resources

Outdoor Recreation RecreationResidences

Interpretation Infrastructure

Organizational

Development &Management

= Not favored component = Somewhat favored component

= Favored component

the components may be revised or replacedas necessary to correspond with the desiredvalues and outcomes.

The plan components were also shared withthe four groups identified above. Theirchoices are recorded in Table 6-2Recreation ResidencesFive alternatives for the disposition of therecreation residences were presentedindependently from as well as incorporated

within the four main alternatives describedearlier. The range of options for therecreation residences included:

Alt-1: Maintain the status quo Alt-2: Re-lease recreation residences

except for 19 lots which are to beused for short-term (day, overnightrentals)

Alt-3: Re-lease recreation residences

except for some lots in the Kkee

and Halemanu area.


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Alt-4: Re-lease recreation residencesexcept for some lots in the Kkee

area and the removal of non-historicstructures.

Alt-5: Lease all of the lots to a thirdparty concession for disposition asday-rentals, medium-term rentals,and long-term rentals.

At an October 2003 public informationmeeting where the alternatives werepresented, members of the public expressedtheir desire to choose none of the abovefrom a range of options for the dispositionof the recreation residences. A summary ofresponses is shown in Table 6-3.

Table 6-3Recreation Residence Evaluation

Alt-1 Alt-2 Alt-3Alt-4 Alt-5

None oftheAboveConsultant

KkeeInteragencyTask Force PublicComments State Parks Staff = Favorable approach

= Undesirable approach

= Somewhat favorable approach

CONFLICT EVALUATIONDuring the public comment period, the useof the trails within the Waimea Canyon andKkee State Parks by mountain bicycle

enthusiasts was raised as an issue. The

members of the Kkee Interagency TaskForce evaluated this use and concluded thatthe bicyclists were not to be excluded fromthe Parks. However, they were to be limitedto the unpaved roads in the parks. Reasonsfor this decision included the potential forconflicts between hikers and hunters on thetrail, and the damage to trails and sensitive

natural areas caused by mountain bikes.The use of off-road vehicles was alsoconsidered by the Task Force, and theyconcluded that liability and maintenanceconcerns outweigh the public benefits ofallowing this type of activity within the

Kkee area at this time. Further, ifproposals are received for the use of theroads by commercial ventures, they will beevaluated on a case-by-case basis based onthe road condition.


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COSTANDREVENUEThe costs associated with each plan werecalculated and are summarized in Table 6-4.Detailed calculations were previously

submitted in Appendix 1, Table 2 of theFinal Alternatives Report. Costs wereestimated for each plan componentrecommended. The costs were evaluatedseparately to ensure that they do notinfluence initial selection of the preferredplan theme and components. Costconsiderations will eventually shape theplan content, however they should notdictate overall plan direction.

Revenue generation was examined for eachplan to ascertain if the total revenue to begenerated that can sustain the activities andprograms planned for the parks.

Operations and maintenance costs were alsoestimated to project income and revenuerequirements.

Table 6-4Improvement Cost Evaluation

Alternative Cost* Ranking

Alt. 1** $5.23 Mil 1Alt. 2 $6.64 Mil 3Alt. 3 $5.84 Mil 2Alt. 4 $ 10.24 Mil 4

*Cost is based on 2003 dollars.** Costs include repair to selected items.

Potential revenues that could be generated

from the alternative plan components wereidentified for each plan (Table 6-5). Existingrevenues were used as the baseline forrevenue generation. Charging an entry feewas new for the plans. For purposes of thisevaluation, a fee of $2 per person enteringthe park was assumed.

Table 6-5Preliminary Revenue* EvaluationAlternative Income Ranking

Alt. 1 $0.40 Mil 4Alt. 2 $1.30 Mil 2Alt. 3 $1.20 Mil 3Alt. 4 $1.46 Mil 1

*Estimated revenue based on 2003 dollars.

Revenues were assumed for leases of therecreation residences, concessions,additional daily rentals, and collection of amaintenance fee.

MANAGEMENT ANDADMINISTRATIONManagement and administration issuesaddress how the recommendations of theMaster Plan will be implemented and bywhom.

Kkee Administrative AgencyConsideration should be given to

establishing a super agency that wouldconsolidate resources and manage the

various DLNR divisions having jurisdictionin the Waimea-Kkee region. The

functions of this agency would include:

Maintenance of facilities, trails, roads,utilities, etc.;

Manage real estate resources;

Manage natural resources;

Provide program and visitor services;

Manage commercial interests; and

Provide services to the public.

Program SupportProgram support services have beenprovided by Hui o Laka in the form ofinterpretive material distributed at theKkee Museum, and natural history and

cultural programs provided to the public.Recent efforts to restore the CCC facilities


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are an important contribution made by Huio Laka. The Land Board approved a 20-year lease renewal to Hui o Laka.

It is recommended that the DLNR continueleasing such activities to a nonprofit or forprofit organization to provide information,programs, and facilities to service thepublic.

In order to enhance the Parks identity and

improve customer services, the renovationof existing buildings and or construction ofnew facilities in Kanaloahuluhulu Meadowand CCC Camp should be undertaken.

Facility improvements include thedevelopment of a staffed visitor center andservice desk.

Commercial UsesCommercial activities in the parks haveprovided a valuable service to park visitorsby providing food and retail merchandisenot normally provided by the State. At

Kkee, the vendor provides food service,

retail merchandise, and rental of twelve

cabins for overnight visitors. Revenuederived from the services and sales furtherprovide income to the State to operate theparks. The Lodge at Kkee, LLC was

issued a revocable permit, terminable upon30 days notice. When the Final Master Planis approved by the BLNR, State Parksintends to publish a solicitation for a long-term concession agreement via sealed bids.

The following are recommended: A commercial lease be offered to a

qualified vendor for a period not toexceed 10 years, with a re-opening afterthe fifth year;

Provide a permanent facility (area) for aretail concession operation at theWaimea Canyon Lookout to sell

refreshments.

Continue the overnight rental of cabins.

6.6 PREFERRED ALTERNATIVEA preferred alternative was selected basedon the evaluation of the alternatives. Ascited previously, the alternatives that weredeveloped provide a range of developmentoptions. Further, components from each ofthe alternatives served as a menu of optionswhich could be combined into the preferredalternative.

Comments received from the public,

interested parties, and DLNR staffmembers, all provided a basis for thedevelopment of the preferred alternative.As components were included or deleted,how they related to each other and howthey fit together was examined.

Major components of the preferredalternative are described below.

Thematic ApproachPreserve the existing character of the parkwith upgrades to visitor amenities,infrastructure, and utilities in a manner thatreinforces the Parks historic character and

avoids intensifying development. Afundamental goal of the preferred plan is tomaintain existing resources and enhanceuser facilities and to generate sufficientrevenue to sustain park operations,maintenance and routine program

upgrades. Improvements to facilities,activities, and programs are to beadministered on a case-by-case basis.

On November 5, 2003, the Board of Landand Natural Resources approved thefollowing recommendation:Approve the Objectives of Alternative #2,


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Remedial Improvement Plan and direct theDivision of State Parks to continue theplanning and environmental impactstatement process for Kkee and Waimea

Canyon State Parks.

FEATURESOF THE PLANComponents selected to be in the preferredalternative include: See Figure 6-4.Kalalau LookoutRenovate viewing platform, restroom andparking lot, provide interpretive signage,improve access and landscaping.

Puu o Kila LookoutRenovate viewing platform and parking lot,add composting toilet, improve access, andstabilize eroded areas.

Pihea TrailheadDefine trailhead with signage andlandscaping. Stabilize and re-vegetateeroded areas.

Awaawapuhi TrailheadExpand parking. Restore plant signs alongtrail and re-issue guide map. Develop jointinterpretive program with adjacentDOFAW plant nursery.

Resource GatheringDevelop monitoring and management planand outplanting program.

Camp 10 RoadRepair road for public access.Park HQDevelop visitor service center, with newPark HQ and renovated lodge and museumbuildings. Develop CCC Camp for use as aneducational center, and create "orchard"

landscaping to unify setting.

Nualolo TrailImprove off-street parking. Improvepedestrian connection to Park HQ.

All TrailsImprove directional signage, install hikerregistry boxes and boot cleaning stations attrailheads and junctions.

Halemanu Road IntersectionStabilize shoulder area for parking, improvedirectional signage.

Puu Hinahina LookoutDevelop as a primary trail hub. Improveview platforms and access ways, improveparking, and provide visitor orientationsignage.

Puu ka Pele Picnic AreaInstall crosswalk signage and stripingbetween picnic area and viewpoint, blockshoulder parking, and stabilize erodedareas.

Puu Lua ReservoirExpand stocking program and extendfishing season.

Waimea Canyon LookoutRe-develop facilities to achieve a commondesign theme with improved viewplatforms, interpretive facility such as akiosk or information desk, relocated

restrooms, new parking area at drivewayentrance and a new permanent facility tosell refreshments.

Road ImprovementsRepair and resurface Kkee Road, repair

and re-gravel collector and local roadsserving recreation residences, improve


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signage.


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Kukui TrailheadDevelop off-street parking and restore plantsignage on the Iliau Nature Trail.

Park Entry StationDevelop staffed entry station. Provide parkinformation and orientation brochure tovisitors.Recreation ResidencesLease the recreation residences through a

public auction and preserve the historiccharacter and integrity of the structuresthrough the enforcement of Kkee

Vernacular design standards andmaintenance of utilities and infrastructure.

Table 6-6 summarizes the details relating tothe recreation residences.

Table 6-6Recreation Residences Statistics

Location No. ofLots

CurrentRecreationaResidencesLeases

VacantParcels(NoImprvmts.)

Nonprofit GroupManagedParcelsPuu ka Pele 62 38 9 6

Halemanu 16 13 2 0Kkee Lots 69 38 24 2

Totals 147 89 35 8

Nonprofit Groups include:Honpa Hongwanji, Ka Imi Naauao o Hawaii Nei, Hui o Laka,Kauai Christian Fellowship, 7th Day Adventists, United Methodist Union at Puu ka

Pele; YWCA and United Church of Christ at Kkee Lots.

In summary, there are currently 114recreation residence lots with structures onthem. There are another 36 lots that arevacant.

The majority of the leases expired in 2005,

and the remainder in 2006. Uponexpiration, the leases have been extendedpursuant to month-to-month revocablepermits issued by the BLNR.

During the development of the alternativesthe public was asked to comment on thefollowing recreation residence disposition

alternatives:

Alt-1: Maintain the status quo.

Alt-2: Re-lease recreation residencesexcept for 19 lots which are to be usedfor short-term (day, overnight rentals).

Alt-3: Re-lease recreation residences

except for some lots in the Kkee andHalemanu area.

Alt-4: Re-lease recreation residencesexcept for some lots in the Kkee area,

and remove all non-historic structures.

Alt-5: Lease all of the lots to a thirdparty concession for disposition as day-rentals, medium-term rentals, and long-


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term rentals.In addition to the alternatives cited,consideration was also given to designatingrecreation residence areas, or the entirePark, as a historic district in recognition ofthe important role the Parks played in thehistory of Kauai. Consideration for the

designation of a historic district was for thepurposes of allowing for direct negotiationswith current leaseholders in accordancewith Chapter 171, Section 36.2, Hawaii

Revised Statutes.

On July 8, 2008, Act 223 was passed,authorizing the Board of Land and Natural

Resources to directly negotiate new leaseswith existing lessees or permittees ofrecreation residences. Prior to this Act,direct negotiations with the current lesseeswas not legally possible. As prescribed byHRS, Chapter 171, Section 44, leases ofpublic lands for recreation purposes wererequired to be awarded through a publicauction process.

Guiding PrinciplesThe mission and goals of the Division ofState Parks are stated as:

Mission: The mission of the Division ofState Parks is to properly manage andprotect Hawaiis natural and cultural

heritage values found within the StatePark system, provide a broad range ofoutdoor recreation opportunities, andpromote a safe, high quality park

experience for Hawaiis residents andvisitors.

Goals and Objectives: To preserve andprotect fragile and delicate resources,while providing for their use by thegeneral public.

The following guiding principles wereadopted by the planning team withconcurrence from the DLNR:

Public Benefit The resources of Kkee

and Waimea Canyon State Parks areavailable as a public benefit, open andaccessible to all.

Open Process The disposition of therecreation residences will be conductedin the open.

Protection of the Resource The naturaland historic resources of the parksshould be protected and preserved.

Act 223 was enacted to balance the interests

of State residents and taxpayers, currentrecreation residence lessees and permittees,and other interested parties in thedisposition and use of these unique andcherished recreational resources.

RecommendationRecreation residence lots located withinKkee and Waimea Canyon State Parks are

to remain in recreational use. The DSP iscurrently pursuing the following actions as

directed by the BLNR:

Enter into direct negotiations at anominal rent for the lease of recreationresidences to nonprofit organizationsholding current leases or permits, inaccordance with HRS, Section 171-43 orSection 171-43.1.

Enter into direct negotiations for one-time only lease of recreation residences

and lots at market-based rents toexisting lessees or permittees ofrecreation use leases within the parks,pursuant to Act 223, and HRS, Section171-44.

Issue the remaining recreation residenceleases by public auction with prioritygiven first to residents of the island of


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Kauai, second to residents of the state

of Hawaii, and lastly to other interested

parties regardless of residency.

Retain one (1) cabin for State use.

Other terms and conditions as may beprescribed by the Chairperson.

All disposition processes are subject toreview and approval of the Departmentof the Attorney General.

PRELIMINARY BUDGETARYIMPROVEMENT COSTS

The following is a summary of developmentcosts associated with the preferred

alternative: Table 6-7Preferred AlternativeDevelopment Cost EstimateCost Item Amount (mil.)1. Roads $4.402. Parking $0.323. Trails $0.064. Park HQ $0.455. Utilities $0.40

6. Lookouts $0.50Total $6.13

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