slideshow: knee joint
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Knee Joint
![Page 2: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Is the largest synovial joint in the body
![Page 3: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Found at the junction of the thigh and the leg
![Page 4: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Consists of 3 distinct articulationsto form a complex hinge joint
![Page 5: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Consists of 3 distinct articulationsto form a complex hinge joint
•Medial Tibiofemoral joint
![Page 6: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
•Patellofemoral joint
![Page 7: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Consists of 3 distinct articulationsto form a complex hinge joint
![Page 8: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
![Page 9: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
Femur
![Page 10: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
Fibula
![Page 11: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
Tibia
![Page 12: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
Patella
![Page 13: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
![Page 14: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
Femur
![Page 15: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
Tibia
![Page 16: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
Fibula
![Page 17: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
Patella
![Page 18: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Medial View
![Page 19: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Medial View
Patella
![Page 20: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Medial View
Femur
![Page 21: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The Knee Joint
Medial View
Tibia
![Page 22: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Ligaments of the Knee Joint
![Page 23: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The knee joint is stablised on either side by collateral
ligaments
Medial view
![Page 24: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Medial Collateral Ligament
Medial view
Arises from the medial epicondyle of the Femur
Wide insertion onto the proximal aspect of the medial Tibia
![Page 25: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Medial Collateral Ligament
Medial view
Resists forces that push the knee medially
![Page 26: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Lateral view
Arises from the Lateral Epicondyle of the Femur
Cord-like structure that inserts anterior to the Apex of the Fibular head
![Page 27: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Lateral view
Stabilises the lateral side of the knee
![Page 28: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Cruciate Ligaments
Anterior view with the Knee Joint flexed
![Page 29: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Arises from the anterior aspect of the Intercondylar
area of the Tibia
Inserts onto the medial aspect of the
Lateral Femoral Condyle
![Page 30: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Stabilises the Knee by preventing forward
movement of the Tibia relative to the Femur
![Page 31: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior View
![Page 32: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior View
Attaches to the lateral aspect of the Medial Femoral Condyle and
the Intercondylar Notch
![Page 33: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior View
Attaches to the lateral aspect of the Medial Femoral Condyle and
the Intercondylar Notch
Distal part of the Ligament attaches to the posterior aspect of the
intercondylar Region of the Tibia and the adjacent posterior Tibia
![Page 34: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior View
Prevents backward movement of the
Tibia relative to the Femur
![Page 35: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
![Page 36: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
Arises as an extension from the lateral side of semimembranosustendon
Attaches to medial aspect ofLateral Femoral Condyle
![Page 37: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
Blends with posterior joint capsule
Forms part of floor of the popliteal fossa
Function: primary stabiliser of the Posterolateral Knee
![Page 38: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Arcuate Popliteal Ligament
Fibres blend with the joint capsule and run from Lateral Femoral Condyle and adjacent intercondylar area of posterior Tibia
to
Head of the Fibula
![Page 39: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Arcuate Popliteal Ligament
Stabilises posterior aspect of the Knee
![Page 40: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Patellar Ligament(Patellar Tendon)
Attaches the lower pole of Patella to the
Tibial Tuberosity
It is the continuation of the tendon of
Quadriceps Femoris
![Page 41: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Patellar Ligament(Patellar Tendon)
Attaches the Patella to the Tibia
It is the continuation of the tendon of
Quadriceps Femoris
![Page 42: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Muscles and Tendons around the Knee Joint
![Page 43: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
SartoriusGracilis
Semitendinosus
Means ‘Goose’s Foot’Comprises 3 conjoined
tendons
Pes Anserinus
Medial view
![Page 44: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Semimembranosus
Divides into a series of slips at the level of the knee and has a complex attachment
Most fibres attach to the posterior aspect of the Medial Tibial Condyle
Some fibres form a strong expansion and pass obliquely upwards to the Lateral Femoral Condyle to form the oblique
Popliteal Ligament
Posterior view
![Page 45: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Biceps Femoris
The Long and Short Heads unite to form a tendon that inserts onto the
head of the Fibula
Posterior view
long head
short head
![Page 46: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Iliotibial Tract
Attaches to Gerdy’s Tubercle
on the anterior aspect of theLateral Tibial Condyle
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Gerdy’s Tubercle
Proximally it receives two muscles•Tensor Fasciae Latae•Gluteus Maximus
Iliotibial Tract
Anterior view
![Page 47: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Quadriceps Femoris
Patella
Patellar Ligament
Quadriceps Femoris comprises 4 muscles•Rectus Femoris•Vastus Lateralis•Vastus Intermedius•Vastus Medialis
Extends and stabilises the knee during gait
Anterior view
![Page 48: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Menisci
![Page 49: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
2 crescent-shaped intra-articular fibrocartilaginous structures situated one on each Tibial Facet
Superior view of proximal right tibia
Medial Meniscus
Lateral Meniscus
anterior
posterior
Menisci
![Page 50: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Menisci Each Meniscus has an anterior and posterior horn through which the Meniscus gains attachment to the tibial plateau
Medial Meniscus
Lateral Meniscus
Anterior horns
Posterior horns
Superior view of proximal right tibia
![Page 51: Slideshow: Knee Joint](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062412/587a4e221a28ab00148b6cd5/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Menisci are wedge-shaped in cross-section
The Menisci widen and deepen the
Tibial articular surface that receives the Femoral Condyles