simple past vs present perfect
TRANSCRIPT
SIMPLE PAST VS PRESENT PERFECTEnglish Grammar Online 4U, Simple Past – Present Perfect. http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-preper, consulté le 03 mai 2009
Form
Simple Past tense Present Perfect tense
irregular verbs: Simple past of
irregular verbs, 2nd column.
Example:
I knew
Irregular verbs: form of 'have' +
past participle of irregular verbs,
3rd column
Example:
I / you / we / they have broken
he / she / it has broken
Regular verbs: infinitive + ed
Example:
I played
Regular verbs: form of 'have' +
infinitive + ed
Example:
I / you / we / they have played
he / she / it has played
Exceptions when adding 'ed':
1. When the final letter is e, only add d Example:love - loved
2, After a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example:
admit - admitted
3. After a consonant, final y becomes i (but: not after a vowel) Example:
worry - worriedbut: play - played
Use1. A time expression in the past is given, you have to use Simple Past
2. Certain time in the past or just / already / yet?
Simple Past tense Present Perfect tense
certain time in the past
Example:I called Mary 2 minutes ago.
just / already / not yet
Example:I have just called Mary.
3. Certain event in the past or how often so far? An action that took place / how often an action has happened till now.
Simple Past tense Present Perfect tense
certain event in the past
Example:
He went to Canada last summer.
whether / how often till now
Example:
Have you ever been to Canada? / I
have been to Canada twice.
4. Emphasis on action or result? Expressing what happened in the past with the result / putting the emphasis on the past action’s consequence in the present.
Simple Past tense Present Perfect tense
Emphasis on action
Example:
I bought a new bike. (just telling what
I did in the past.)
Emphasis on result
Example:
I have bought a new bike. (With
this sentence I actually want to
express that I have a new bike
now.)
Key Words to use properly with each tense
Simple Past tense Present Perfect tense
yesterday
... ago
in 1990
the other day
last ...
just
already
up to now
until now / till now
ever
(not) yet
so far
lately / recently
EXERCISE LINKS:
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs5.htm
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/verbs6.htm
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/grammar/ppvpast1.htm
http://www.better-english.com/grammar/pspp1.htm
http://www.english-zone.com/verbs/prsperf4.html
http://www.geocities.com/gob72/Simplevsperfectpast.htm
http://perso.wanadoo.es/autoEnglish/gr.perf.i.htm
http://a4esl.org/q/f/z/zz29bms.htm