shea chapter 5
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5Civil Rights
Video: The Big Picture
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Video: The Basics
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The Idea of Equality
Political Equality
Equality of Condition
Equality of Opportunity
5.1
5.1
Political Equality
Declaration of Independence “All men are created equal.” Founders were slave owners
White males Property owners
Gays and lesbians
5.1
Equality of Condition versus Equality of Opportunity Economic status
Opportunity means eliminating discriminatory barriers to education, employment, housing
Equal access to voting
Categorical discrimination Exclusion from education, housing, work
5.1
5.1
TABLE 5.1: Rights, Pathway and Results in Advancing Equality of Opportunity
5.1
5.1 Not allowing someone access to a good or service based on their race or gender is an example of:
a. Discriminatory barriers
b. Categorical discrimination
c. Equality of condition
d. Equality of opportunity
5.1
5.15.1 Not allowing someone access to a good or service based on their race or gender is an example of:
a. Discriminatory barriers
b. Categorical discrimination
c. Equality of condition
d. Equality of opportunity
Equal Protection of the Law
The Fourteenth Amendment and Reconstruction
The Rise and Persistence of Racial Oppression
5.2
Family working in Georgia cotton field 5.2
TABLE 5.2: Educational Attainment and Income by Race, 2010
5.2
The Fourteenth Amendment and Reconstruction Amendments passed during
Reconstruction Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery Fourteenth Amendment granted rights of citizenship to
freed slaves Fifteenth Amendment gave all men right to vote
regardless of race
Equal protection clause of Fourteenth Amendment
5.2
Susan B. Anthony 5.2
The Rise and Persistence of Racial Oppression
Jim Crow laws Mandated racial segregation
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Segregation De jure segregation De facto segregation
5.2
5.2
“Separate but equal” theatre entrance
5.2
White university students protesting integration
5.2
5.2 What did the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson refuse to declare unconstitutional?a. Ku Klux Klan
b. Violence against African Americans
c. Racial segregation
d. Poll taxes and other voting obstacles
5.2
5.25.2 What did the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson refuse to declare unconstitutional?a. Ku Klux Klan
b. Violence against African Americans
c. Racial segregation
d. Poll taxes and other voting obstacles
Litigation Strategies
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and Thurgood Marshall
Brown v. Board of Education and Earl Warren
5.3
a. The ruling only applied to Topeka.
b. School districts were allowed to design their own plans, including timeframe.
c. The federal Department of Education was ill equipped to handle the change.
d. The president refused to enforce the ruling.
5.35.3 Brown v. Board of Education ended segregation, but it still took 20 years to fully integrate public schools because:
5.3
a. The ruling only applied to Topeka.
b. School districts were allowed to design their own plans, including timeframe.
c. The federal Department of Education was ill equipped to handle the change.
d. The president refused to enforce the ruling.
5.3 Brown v. Board of Education ended segregation, but it still took 20 years to fully integrate public schools because:
Clarifying the Coverage of the Equal Protection Clause
Three Tests for the Equal Protection Clause Strict scrutiny Intermediate scrutiny Rational basis test
Affirmative Action
5.4
TABLE 5.4: Three Tests for the Equal Protection Clause
5.4
5.4 What test must the Court apply when considering whether a case involves racial discrimination? a. Rational basis test
b. Intermediate scrutiny
c. Strict scrutiny
d. All of the above
5.4
5.45.4 What test must the Court apply when considering whether a case involves racial discrimination? a. Rational basis test
b. Intermediate scrutiny
c. Strict scrutiny
d. All of the above
Video: In Context
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5.4
Grassroots Mobilization and Civil Rights
African Americans and Civil Rights
Civil Rights Legislation
5.5
African Americans and Civil Rights
Emmett Till
Rosa Parks and the Montgomery bus boycott
Martin Luther King Jr.
Little Rock Nine
5.5
Participants in the Montgomery bus boycott
5.5
U.S Army troops escorting member of the Little Rock Nine
5.5
Martin Luther King Jr. 5.5
Murdered civil rights workers 5.5
Civil Rights Legislation
Civil Rights Act of 1964 Forbids discrimination based on race, color,
religion, or national origin
5.5
FIGURE 5.1: Equal opportunity? 5.5
Civil Rights Legislation
Voting Rights Act of 1965 Barred literacy tests
Increased voter registration
“Preclearance” provision
5.5
TABLE 5.5: Percentage of eligible citizens registered to vote
5.5
Civil Rights Legislation
U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
5.5
5.5 Which of the following ended literacy tests for African Americans?a. U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
b. Voting Rights Act of 1965
c. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
d. Civil Rights Act of 1964
5.5
5.55.5 Which of the following ended literacy tests for African Americans?a. U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
b. Voting Rights Act of 1965
c. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
d. Civil Rights Act of 1964
Other Historic Struggles for Civil Rights
Women and Civil Rights
Latinos and Civil Rights
Native Americans and Civil Rights
5.6
Women and Civil Rights
Grassroots mobilization for universal suffrage Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony Protest marches, hunger strikes, speeches,
demonstrations
Nineteenth Amendment passed after 8 decades
5.6
Women marching for suffrage in 1913 5.6
FIGURE 5.2: Women and the right to vote
5.6
Latinos and Civil Rights
Cesar Chavez and United Farm Workers Improved working conditions for migrant workers
Arizona v. United States (2012) Struck down Arizona law targeted at Latinos
DREAM ACT
5.6
FIGURE 5.3: Hispanic voting power, 2010
5.6
Native Americans and Civil Rights
Used courts, not mobilization, to gain rights Voting rights Right to practice religion Historic land rights
Cobell v. Kempthorne (2008)
5.6
5.6 What is universal suffrage?
a. The right to be free from suffering based on discrimination
b. The right of all adult citizens to vote
c. The right to be treated universally as a citizen
d. The right of women to vote
5.6
5.65.6 What is universal suffrage?
a. The right to be free from suffering based on discrimination
b. The right of all adult citizens to vote
c. The right to be treated universally as a citizen
d. The right of women to vote
Contemporary Civil Rights Issues
Complexity of Issues
Emerging Groups
5.7
Video: Thinking Like a Political Scientist
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5.7
Complexity of Issues
Equality of opportunity Affirmative action — reverse discrimination?
Majority-minority districts
5.7
Emerging Groups
People with disabilities Americans with Disabilities Act
5.7
Disabled protestors 5.7
Emerging Groups
Gays and lesbians Violent hate crimes a federal offense Military service Same-sex marriage
5.7
Columbia University students 5.7
Video: In the Real World
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5.7
Explore Civil Rights: Are All Forms of Discrimination the Same?
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5.7
Explore the Simulation: You Are a Mayor
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/long/long_longman_media_1/2013_mpsl_sim/simulation.html?simulaURL=6
5.7
5.75.7 Which groups used the mobilization to end discrimination they encountered?a. women
b. Latinos
c. Native Americans
d. Migrant workers
5.7 Which groups used the courts to end discrimination they encountered?
a. women
b. Latinos
c. Native Americans
d. Migrant workers
5.7
How did various groups use grassroots mobilization to gain their rights as citizens? What made such mobilization so effective?
Discussion Question 5
Video: So What?
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