september 2007 - whitecourt web · september 2007 community advisor page 3 serving the oilﬁ eld...

CommunityAdvisor.NET

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The following is based on the American system, but the same basic monetary dynam-ics are in place in Canada and around the world.

By Ellen Brown J.D.

IIt has been called “the most astounding piece of sleight

of hand ever invented.” The (Continued page 19)

CommunityAdvisor.NETCommunityAdvisor.NET

AdvisorCoCommunitymmunity

The biggest democracy deficit

Researched and compiled by Linda Horyn

SSince man fi rst stepped into this beautiful forest

there has been trapping. In this area, wolf, lynx, coyote, fox, muskrat, beaver, fi sh-er, marten, mink, otter and squirrels thrived. The native people were the fi rst trap-

Trail Blazers - The Early Trappers

(Continued page 8) Trappers at Tony Creek during the early 1900’s

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SEPTEMBER 2007 — VOL. 5 NO. 9 SEPTEMBER 2007 — VOL. 5 NO. 9 CIRC. 7,000 CIRC. 7,000

Former hockey great Former hockey great Bobby Hull meets Bobby Hull meets a young fan at the a young fan at the Crown & Anchor.Crown & Anchor.

Santa in August? It’s Whitecourt’s 4th Annual Toy Run. See p. 24.

Have Your SayHave Your SayLast month’s poll - Do you trust the information you’re getting on nuclear power? a) - Yes from both sides - 23.7% b) - No from both sides - 37.3% c) Mostly from both sides - 18.6% d) Believe proponents mostly - 16.9% e) Believe opponents mostly - 3.4%.This month’s poll - Do you plan to vote in upcoming Municipal election? a) Yes b) NoVote at CommunityAdvisor.NET

Monthly QuizMonthly QuizWhat is the correct spelling?a) Able to be seen; “di sur na bel” b) Bungling or unlucky person; “shle meel” c) Awkward and tactless; “gohsh”

Answers on page 30.

Nuclear Power Post-Op

Energy Alberta president and co-chair Wayne Henuset stated the decision to build the $6.8 billion nuclear plant in the Peace River region

(See Nuclear page 21)

Check out the new Check out the new

stores and extensive stores and extensive

renovations!renovations!

TALK TO A TOP PRODUCER!!TALK TO A TOP PRODUCER!!

Patrick Carewcell:cell: 778-0053778-0053

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Community Advisor SEPTEMBER 2007

EYEWEAR & EYEWEAR & VISION CARE VISION CARE

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Midtown MallMidtown Mall

CAIS ProgramAgriculture is the lifeblood

of many communities in White-court-Ste. Anne. Ensuring that our agriculture industry remains vibrant and sustainable is an im-portant part of our government’s mandate.

Allowing producers to effi -ciently apply for funding through the Canadian Agricultural Income Stabilization (CAIS) program is an important part of ensuring sustainability. Alberta producers can now fi le their CAIS forms online using the myAFSC web-site. By fi ling online, produc-ers will improve the quality and scope of their information, and should experience improved pro-cessing turnaround times.

myAFSC is a secure website that allows producers to check the processing status of their CAIS application, view their his-torical information and now fi le their supplementary forms via CAIS eForms. It also allows us-ers to validate the data upfront before submitting.

CAIS, a federal-provincial program, helps producers pro-tect their operations from small and large drops in income, and is available to eligible farmers re-gardless of the commodities they produce. In June, federal, pro-vincial, and territorial agricul-ture ministers agreed to replace CAIS with a new business risk management suite of programs that are more responsive, pre-dictable, and bankable for farm-ers. myAFSC and eForms will continue as online resources for fi ling and tracking claims.

Information on activating myAFSC accounts and CAIS is available via e-mail at [email protected] or by calling 1-877-744-7900. Producers can access the myAFSC website at https://my.afsc.ca/myAFSC.

If you would like to discuss this, or any other provincial mat-ter, please contact me at (780) 415-9473. Keep in touch.

George VanderBurg, MLA

SEPTEMBER 2007 Community Advisor PAGE 3

Serving the oilfi eld for

over 30 years.

Call: (780) 778-6220

Crazy George’s Audio & Installs

5112 - 50 Ave. - (Across from 7 - 11) - 778-4554

> Car Starters> Great Car Audio> Home Theatre

Back to EarthPilot: Have you ever fl own in a small plane before?Norma: No, I have not.Pilot: Well, here is some chewing gum. It will help to

keep your ears from popping.Pilot (after the plane landed): Did the gum help?Norma: Yes. It worked fi ne. The only trouble is I can’t get

it out of my ears.Prisoner’s Dilemma

A man was sent to prison for 20 years. He was so bored while in there; he found an ant and decided to teach it tricks - like beg, play dead, roll over, jump hair etc. He served his time and was released. He took his ant with him in a match-box.

The fi rst place he went was to a bar. He sat down, took out the matchbox and emptied out the ant.

He then said to the guy beside him, “you are not gonna believe what this ant can do”.

He showed him all the tricks and the guy was impressed. He told him that he could make a fortune with the ant.

The guy with the ant was excited and called the bartender over and said “you see that ant?”

The bartender put his fi nger on the ant, twisted it and said “sorry sir it won’t happen again.”

Back to School FeesOn the fi rst day of college, the Dean addressed the stu-

dents:“The female dormitory is out-of-bounds for all male stu-

dents, and the male dormitory to the female students. Any-body caught breaking this rule will be fi ned $20 the fi rst time. The second time you will be fi ned $60. A third time will cost you a fi ne of $180. Are there any questions?”

A male student inquired, “How much for a season pass?”

The Little LiteralistTeacher: Craig, what is the chemical formula for water?Craig: H I J K L M N O.Teacher: What are you talking about?Craig: Yesterday you said it’s H to O.

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Football FeverHow are you getting

on with your football, Devin, asked his Dad?”

Devin smiled with pride and said “Pretty good Dad. The coach said I was one of the team’s greatest draw-backs!”

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FOR PRINCIPLED, EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP,

ELECT LARRY McCONNELL MAYOR

Now, more than ever, we need the decisive leadership in Town Hall that will see us through the challenges of today and provide for our security and prosperity in the future.

Who is Larry McConnell?Larry is;- A proud Father- A resident of Whitecourt for 26 years- A past President of both the Chamber of Commerce

and the Rotary Club- A Lawyer and businessman for 26 years, elected a

bencher with the Alberta Law Society in 2002, and appointed Queens Council in 2004.

- Began his professional career fi rst as a Teacher from 1966 – 1977 before entering law

- Currently serves Whitecourt as a Town CouncillorHobbies; Larry is a Pilot and an unabashed dog lover.

On Public Daycare:Larry believes that in today’s world, we often need two

incomes coming into our homes. Families should never have to settle for less than the best daycare for their children, and that government should take a leadership role in providing these services to ensure the safety of our children while we work.

That’s why Larry’s plan calls for leadership from Town Hall to take an active role with the provincial government, in ensuring that Whitecourt has a safe, reliable and AFFORDABLE daycare for all families if they choose to use it.

How much longer do we wait for someone to take the lead?

On Economic Development:Larry believes in Whitecourt. He believes in the people

that make up this community. Larry’s plan calls for a dynamic & energetic economic development strategy to attract more industry to our town.

To meet this goal, Larry proposes the creation of the Business Support & Development Offi ce. With a possible

partnership with the Whitecourt Chamber of Commerce, this offi ce would develop the mandate & strategy for economic development while also providing services to assist small businesses here in Whitecourt.

- small business development and support- downtown revitalization- a unifi ed voice with all stakeholders in our

economic future- the creation of a Task Force whose aim it is to

attract a diversity of industries to Whitecourt- That’s Larry’s plan!

Community Development;Larry believes that there are needs in the community

that have to be met. Larry’s vision for the future calls for the planning and development of a community centre containing;

- a library,- youth centre,- a skate park- and arena for the youth of Whitecourt. In today’s world, with the challenges our youth face,

it has never been more important to make this investment in their development.

With a strong commitment to youth; Larry believes that we have to plan today for a brighter future for Whitecourt. Larry believes that with a diversity of multi level programs for our kids, positive activities can serve as an alternative to the negative infl uences we see here everyday.

Mayors Seniors and Youth Advisory Councils;SeniorsWith Larry’s belief in the strength of people and ideas

he proposes the creation of the Mayor’s Seniors Advisory Committee. Larry understands that the people who built this community also care for it a great deal. Seniors can provide a wealth of knowledge, experience and wisdom. With the creation of this advisory council we can bring all of the expertise our Seniors have to offer for the benefi t of the community they love.

YouthLarry understands that the youth of today are faced

with so many challenges that will affect the rest of their lives. He also realizes that the only way to assist them is to hear them. This is why he will form the Mayors Youth Advisory Committee. It’s through this medium that our kids can & will meet with the Mayor to let him know in their own words what’s happening here, and more importantly, why. As Mayor, Larry wants to give everyone a voice. When decisions are made, the people affected will have had their chance to make their views known.


Al’s Sports Quest Fish Story ContestThe “moose horn” male bonding trip by Ian Bews

The lure of cutthroat trout (and no wives for a few days) made us do it. We travelled by ATV forty-eight kilometers through some of the most scenic rocky mountains, crossing two creeks seventeen times and over miles of muskeg.

Once camp is set up, Gary’s son takes a side trip. Some-how a pair of pliers comes in contact with both battery ter-minals on his ATV. This unit needs the battery to run the fuel pump. Gary and his son spend the next four days troubled by their dilemma. The jokes now come fast and furious. Don’t worry! We will tow you back. Ha! Ha! Put it in Tonys’ raft. Push it out into the lake and when it sinks tell the folks back home someone stole it. Hee! Hee! But Gary and son are not amused.

A plan is hatched to remove said fuel pump and replace it with a piece of hose. Then a small hand air pump (loonie store special) is tapped into the vent of the fuel tank. With a few squeezes of the pump, the fuel tank is pressurized and the fuel fl ows to the carburator. The only thing left to do is “red green” (duct tape) the pump to the fender, and off they go. With a few pumps of the knee, they made it out on their own. We did manage to deplete the lake of a few trout.

Affordable Housing:Larry knows and understands that not all citizens

have the ability to work in our core industries. With progress and higher infl ation fi nding a home can often be a daunting task.

Larry also knows these people make up the fabric that holds our community together. Without them, many of the small businesses in town would not be able to operate.

Larry’s plan calls for the development of an effective, integrated, affordable housing strategy. This strategy will ensure that all residents of Whitecourt have the ability to provide their families with a safe, affordable and secure home to call their own.

We can never forget that a society is judged by how it looks after its weakest members.

On the Nuclear Issue:NUCLEAR PLANT SITE CHOSEN

COMPANY HOPES TO BUILD IN PEACE COUNTRYEDMONTON JOURNAL, AUGUST 28 2007

Where was the effective leadership that cost this community a 6.8 Billion dollar development?

$255,000,000 in new home sales lost! (850 homes @ $300,000 average)

$1,445,000 in lost residential property taxes per year! (Based on $1700 per year avg).

$6,120,000 in lost consumer spending (groceries alone)!

…and Trevor Thain thought it was “in the bag”!(Quoted from The Rig Radio, Aug 28 2007)

With the ever increasing volatility of today’s market place, and the global changes to the economy, can we afford to have leadership in Town Hall making assumptions about issues as big as this?

How many more projects do we miss because of “assumptions”?

Now is the time for the leadership that Whitecourt residents deserve.

Now is the time for responsible, effective & positive action in Town Hall.

Now is the time to elect Larry McConnell Mayor!

GIVE EVERYONE A VOICE,FOR PRINCIPLED, EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP,

VOTE LARRY McCONNELL FOR MAYOR!

LET US KNOW WHAT YOU THINK;Comments / Concerns or you would like to help out,[email protected]; 780 779 6755

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Oil: $100 a Barrel -- or $200?By Gwynne Dyer

Nine of the last ten serious downturns in the world economy fol-lowed a spike in the price of oil, and we are heading for another spike, with oil back up near the peak of $78..40 a gallon that it reached almost exactly a year ago. A record number of options contracts are now being sold that en-title customers to buy oil in the future at $100 a barrel. That tells you where the inside players think the price of oil is heading, since those options will only be of value if the price were actually above $100 a barrel.

That is the price that Goldman Sachs, the world’s biggest brokerage house, predicted oil would reach by 2009. However, one big negative headline -- further disruption of supplies from Nigeria or Iraq, say -- and oil could be trading at over $100 a barrel by next month. But the concern is not really about oil prices. It’s about what more expensive oil will do to the world economy, and the professional optimists are

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Oil: $100 a Barrel

(780) 778-6700 (780) 778-6700 5012 - 50 Avenue5012 - 50 Avenue

Word JumbleCan you re-arrange the

letters below to make a word for each of the four exam-ples?

N E V IG I N C IZ E L Z U GQ U A R E C T

Look on page 30 for the answers.

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Under New ManagementNOW OPEN MONDAYS!

4924 - 51 Avenue 778-8885Town of Whitecourt - Month in Review

August 22, 2007 - Whitecourt Town Council Update

CN Rail has informed the Town of Whitecourt that crews should be in the community during the fi rst two weeks of Sep-tember to repair the railway crossings on Dahl Drive and 51st Street. Based upon current projects, CN Rail estimates that Dahl Drive will need to be closed entirely for two days dur-ing this time period and that the 51st Street crossing will need to be closed for one day. Once dates are confi rmed, the Town will be advertising the closure in advance to alert motorists and residents of the traffi c change. The Town of Whitecourt will continue to keep the community informed on this issue as information is received.

Whitecourt’s Willow Bioenergy Plantation will be show-cased on September 5. Natural Resources Canada is hosting the 2007 Fall Field Tour for people from the Edmonton area to educate participants on the potential of willow as a bioen-ergy crop and to discuss bioenergy production. Whitecourt’s Willow Bioenergy Plantation was established in 2006 as a partnership project between Natural Resource Canada, Alber-ta Environment and other national agencies to research the potential of wastewater and other waste products to increase biomass production.

(See Town on page 14)

(Continued on page 10)

Teacher: What is the axis of the earth?

Student: The axis of the earth is an imaginary line which passes from one pole to the other, and on which the earth revolves.

Teacher: Very good. Now, could you hang clothes on that line?

Student: Yes, Sir.Teacher: Indeed, and

what sort of clothes?Student: Imaginary

clothes, Sir.


By Dan ParkerOur headline story this month features

a guest author who examines the money system in an honest manner. Regular read-ers of Advisor political articles will know that the hidden mechanics behind our mon-ey system are a regular topic for this pub-lication. To summarize, the reality behind our money system is quite different from that portrayed in the mainstream mass media. Over 95% of money is created virtually out of thin air, as debt, by private institutions; not government. These private institutions then charge compound interest on the newly cre-ated money. Money disappears from circulation, as loans are paid off, but the money supply, and debt, still grow because of the demands of compound interest.

This is not some wild conspiracy theory, but a matter of historical fact attested to by thousands of highly accredited dissidents, including Nobel laureate economist Maurice Al-lais, former World Bank economist Herman Daly, former cen-tral banker Bernard Lietaer, the late, eminent historian Carroll Quigley and so on. To be sure, the dissidents are routinely attacked as to their analyses, but never are they debated in a highly public forum. This is because they would make short work of their critics, given the evidence. Like Carroll Quig-

(See Change on page 14)

Community

AdvisorAdvisorPublisher: Dan Parker

Offi ce: Sheena BrandvoldBilling: Rita ThomasFish: Denise Steeves

4907 52 Ave. Box 294Whitecourt, AB T7S 1N4Phone: 778-5577

Fax: [email protected]

Website:WhitecourtWeb.com

Circulation: 7,000Published Monthly

CommunityCommunity AdvisorAdvisor

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In times of universal deceit.....Quotable Quotes“The day isn’t far off

when the economic prob-lem will take the back seat where it belongs, and the heart and head will be oc-cupied or reoccupied, by our real problems of life and of human relations.”

- economist John Maynard Keynes

“We may think our tribute is paid in secret in the dark recesses of our hearts, but it will out. That which dominates our imaginations and our thoughts will determine our lives, and our charac-ter. Therefore, it behooves us to be careful what we worship, for what we are worshipping we are be-coming.” - Ralph Waldo Emerson

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pers in the region, trapping for food and clothing: later selling the furs for supplies at the trading posts. During the early years, the fur trade was the only economic ac-tivity in Alberta, mainly be-cause the province was very rich in habitat for furbearing animals. Especially abun-dant were the beaver, due, in large part, to our maze of streams and creeks. Trading posts were established by the Hudson’s Bay Company and the North-West Company in north-central Alberta dur-ing the 1790’s and for the next century, the fur trade was of primary importance to its inhabitants. In 1896, a small Hudson’s Bay Compa-ny trading post was located at Whitecourt, and over the years, several trading posts were located at Sturgeon Lake. During the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, there were also a few small, indepen-dently owned trading posts and travelling buyers of furs.

The numbers of the in-dividual species have varied greatly over the years. The natural cycles of the animals are the main reason for the change in numbers. For ex-ample, the rabbits at the peak

of their cycle meant a plenti-ful food source for the lynx and coyote, thus their num-bers would increase. Also, forest fi res would alter the

selection of food available. Animals that preferred ma-ture forests would move on and others that fl ourished on

(Continued from page 1)


Hunting muskrats at Iosegun Lake in the early 1930’s. Back row, left to right are Pete Moses, Dan McLean and Joe Moses. Front Row seated, left to right are Constant Kiya-wasew, Eli Mitchell, Oliver Mitchell and Alexis Kiyawasew.

“Do you believe in life after death?” the boss asked one of his employ-ees.

“Yes, sir,” the clerk replied.

“That’s good,” the boss said. “After you left early yesterday to go to your grandmother’s fu-neral, she stopped in to see you.”

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New class of Rotary World Peace Fellows announcedGNA - Amid today’s

headlines of war, suicide bombings and ethnic and reli-gious violence emerges some welcome positive news: Ro-tary International has named a new class of World Peace Fellows to study peacemak-ing and confl ict resolution at the six Rotary Centers for In-ternational Studies.

Launched in 2002, this innovative approach to world peace is a master’s level pro-gram aimed at equipping the next generation of govern-ment offi cials, diplomats and humanitarian leaders with skills needed to reduce the threat of war and violence. The Rotary World Peace Fel-lows are selected every year in a globally competitive se-lection process based on their professional, academic and personal achievements.

The Rotary Centers are located on the campuses of leading universities in fi ve countries: International Christian University, Japan; Universidad del Salvador, Argentina; University of Bradford, England; Univer-sity of Queensland, Austra-lia; University of California, Berkeley; and — in a shared arrangement — Duke Univer-sity and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Like the members of the fi ve classes preceding them, the 60 students in the 2007-09 class are a diverse group, representing 32 countries and a wide array of professional and cultural backgrounds. Their interests and areas of expertise include public health, education, interna-

tional law, public policy, eco-nomic development, journal-ism, and social justice. tthe Rotary Center at the Univer-sity of Bradford.

The program is already showing results. Dozens of Rotary Peace Fellow alumni

are making a difference in jobs within the United Nations, the World Bank, governmental agencies and international non-governmental organiza-tions where their skills are tip-ping balance in favor of peace and confl ict resolution.

- Good News Agency

Mr. Johnson anxious-ly approached the nice old lady who lived next door and said, “I’m sorry, mad-am, I’m afraid I have run over your cat. I… I would like to replace it.”

The little lady looked him up and down and said, “That’s fi ne, but how are you at catching mice?”


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still optimistic.

The spike at $78.40 in July, 2006 didn’t cause a recession, so why should this one? Indeed, why would even $100 a barrel cause a global economic crisis, given that one hundred US dollars today is only worth about the same in most other currencies as $78.40 was a year ago?

Oil sales are almost all denominated in US dol-lars, which are worth almost a third less in euros, pounds or yen than they were two years ago, so the countries of the Organisation of Pe-troleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), are not rolling in sudden wealth. The oil ex-porters spend most of their income in other currencies, so from their point of view the recent surge in the oil

price only restores the pur-chasing power that they lost over the past two years due to the US dollar’s slide.

More importantly, most of the big importers of oil in the industrialised world are not really paying much more for oil than they were two years ago. The rising dollar price has been largely cancelled out by the fall in the value of the dollar, so it’s not really busting their bud-gets.

American consum-ers are feeling victimised, but they get little sympathy in the Middle Eastern coun-tries that dominate OPEC, as most of these govern-ments believe that President Bush’s invasion of Iraq has made their neighbourhood a far more dangerous place.



A college bound pizza delivery boy arrived at Norma’s place. “What is the usual tip?” Norma asked, as she took off

her shoes to make change for a twenty.“Well,” replied the youth, “this is my fi rst trip here, but

the other guys say if I get a quarter out of you, I’ll be doing great.”

“Is that so?” snorted Norma as she fi nished her calcula-tions, “keep the fi ve dollars in change.”

“Thanks,” replied the youth, “I’ll put this in my school fund.”

“What are you studying in school?” asked Norma.“Applied psychology” answered the boy.

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OPEC is not going to pump more oil out of gratitude for Mr Bush’s policies.

As for the steep fall in the value of the US dol-lar, that’s what happens to your currency when you try to fi ght an expensive foreign war without raising taxes at home (as Richard Nixon found out over Vietnam in 1971.) Seventy-six dollars a barrel will not cause world economic growth to stall -- and even $100 a barrel might not do so. But will it stop there?

What is really signif-icant about the current surge in the price of oil is that it has NOT been driven by some apparently apocalyptic crisis like the Arab-Israeli war of 1973 or the Iranian revolution. (Neither event

was actually all that apoca-lyptic, in retrospect, but the markets don’t do long-term perspective.) We have got three-quarters of the way to $100 a barrel without a cri-sis, driven sim-ply by stagnant production and soaring demand in the big Asian economies. We could get the rest of the way on a rumour, and the price rise would not necessarily stop there.

T h e truly signifi cant change in the situation is the stagna-tion of supply, not the rise in demand. New oil-fi elds are much smaller than discover-ies in the previous generation (the last really big oil domain

to be developed was the North Sea in the 1970s), and they tend to be in much more remote places.

The number of new deep-sea drilling rigs now under construction is al-most equal to the total number that currently exist in the world (sev-enty). When you have to look for new oil at depths of over 1,500 metres (5,000 ft.) under the sea, or coax it out of the tar-sands of north-

ern Alberta by equally ex-pensive techniques, the era of plentiful cheap oil is defi -nitely over.

OPEC is squeez-ing supply a bit to keep the

price high, but its members are pumping close to capac-ity and only Saudi Arabia is putting in major new pro-duction capability. Non-OPEC oil output is predict-ed to stay fl at for the next fi ve years. It may not really be “peak oil” yet, but at the least we are seeing a lot of phenomena that mimic that time.

If the American mortgage crisis does not tumble the global economy into a recession, Asian de-mand will go on growing until the oil price does it. At $100 a barrel if we’re lucky -- or via a detour through $200 a barrel if Dick Cheney decides to attack Iran.

Gwynne Dyer is a London-based independent journalist whose articles are published in 45 countries.


“Th e number of new deep-sea

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that currently exist in the world

(seventy).”


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young plants and trees would bring life to a burned area. Disease, ticks, and harsh win-ters also drastically changed the population numbers.

During the 1930’s, beaver were very scarce in the area. Squirrels, on the other hand, were plentiful, as they had an ample food source from the cones of the large spruce

timber. At this time, there was a huge demand for squir-rel pelts and trappers would shoot or snare hundreds of squirrels in a day. The pelts would be used for decorative trim on coats, made into felt and even used for insulation in military garments.

During those early years, traplines would be located along rivers and creeks,

which were important trans-portation routes. Often, one person would trap on the east side of the river and another the west, with the territorial areas and boundaries being decided amongst the trap-pers themselves. Before the Alberta Forest Service be-gan implementing the new policy of licensing Alberta’s traplines in 1941, a $2.00 license could be purchased. This gave the trappers the right to trap, but they were not assigned to a designated area.

M. Eugene Walters re-calls that during the 1940’s, the animal populations mul-tiplied. Few people were trapping due to the low prices being offered for the long-haired fur. During the early 1950’s, a rabies scare prompted the government to put into action a control pro-

gram. Trappers were hired to set strychnine. This pro-cess was non-selective, with many animals feeding on the baits and others feeding on the poisoned carcasses. The timber wolf and fox popula-tions were nearly obliterated.

In 1969, the Fish and Wildlife Division took over the responsibility of trapline registration from the Alberta Forest Service. Unfortu-nately, government records regarding trappers (the cabin fi les) compiled before 1969 were destroyed, therefore in-formation on early trappers is not abundant.

The people who lived in the tranquil forest during the early 1900’s had to pos-sess courage, an apprecia-tion of nature and a willing-ness to live in solitude for



Furs of M. Eugene Walters taken between October 1, 1988 and December 31, 1988.

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long stretches of time. The following are just some of the early trappers and set-tlers who lived between the Athabasca River and Mee-kwap Lake during the early 1900’s.

Berland (Baptiste) RiverMr. Severson and later,

Jim Hindmarsh, ran the stopping house and oper-ated the ferry on the Atha-basca River during the days of the Edson-Grande Prairie Trail. John Anderson ran the stopping house at the Baptiste River crossing un-til 1917 when Ray Thomp-son, Frank Knowles and his son, Cliff, bought both stop-ping houses. Thompson and Knowles had previously owned a trading post three miles from the Baptiste fl ats and had a trapline north of the Baptiste.

In 1917, Greg Randall (Rapelje), wife Mamie and Greg’s blind sister, Sarah, lived at the Baptiste River fl ats where they had a horse ranch. They later lived near the Athabasca River in an impressive log home. Sarah and Mamie’s uncle, Major Thompson, is buried in the forest near the Baptiste Riv-er. The Randalls, who were originally from Manitoba, lived at the Athabasca River until 1931 when they retired to Edson.

Trappers Chuck Lunc-eford, a fox trapper from the Peace River, English-man Herb Parsons, and Ole Hendrickson, a large Swed-ish man, were known as the Baptiste Boys and lived on the wild hay meadows at the Baptiste in the 1910’s. Ole Hendrickson later drowned in the Athabasca River.

After the days of the Edson-Grande Prairie Trail, Bert, Charlie, and Herb White trapped along both sides of the Athabasca River. They had a cattle ranch, in a meadow known as “White’s Meadow”, and would bring supplies and stock by raft down the Athabasca River from Marlborough.

Jackfi sh (Sides) LakeRaymond Thompson

was born May 15, 1896 in the state of Washington. In 1915, Raymond began trapping at Jackfi sh Lake, which was known for its huge northern pike. Thompson later oper-ated the ferry at the Baptiste (Borland) River crossing. Raymond lived in this area



The Berland River fl owing into the Athabasca River.


(Town from page 6)

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A Public Hearing was held Monday, August 20 to hear comments regarding the proposed amendment to the Area Structure Plan for the Old Forestry Estates. The Town re-ceived an application from a developer - SunWest Land Cor-porations, to increase the total number of units from 59 to 109 for Old Forestry Estates. Town Council heard comments from a number of residents regarding the application, and the issue will be brought forward to the Policies and Priorities Com-mittee on Monday, September 17 for further discussion.

In an effort to enhance service to the community, the Town of Whitecourt is changing the hours of operation for the Administration Offi ce. Starting Tuesday, September 4 the Town Administration Offi ce hours will be:

Monday to Friday 8:30 a.m. to 12:00 noon12:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m.The Offi ce will be closed on statutory holidays.If you have any questions regarding the change in hours,

please contact the Town of Whitecourt at 778-2273.

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ley, this writer largely agrees with the aims of the money manipulators in creating a more peaceful world society through world governance, but disagrees with the exces-sive secrecy and consequent lack of public input into the process. This can lead to a dictatorial world govern-ment.

The Advisor, in a small way, is perhaps the only mass media to honestly ad-dress the issue of how money is created and destroyed to-day. Given the signifi cance of money in modern society and the idea that we have a free press in a free country, this is quite simply an unac-ceptable situation. It is made all the more so in that report-ing on this issue is not really a diffi cult task.

There have been several books and documentaries on how the mass media can be compromised. Hebert Schil-ler in Culture Inc states: “It is not necessary to construct a theory of intentional cul-tural control. In truth, the strength of the control process rests in its ap-parent absence. The desired systemic result is achieved ordinarily by a loose, though ef-fective, institutional process. It utilizes the education of journalists and other media pro-fessionals, built-in pen-alties and rewards for doing what is expected, norms presented as ob-jective rules, and the occasional but telling direct intrusion from above. The main lever is the internalization of values.”

The North Ameri-can techniques of me-

dia manipulation are far superior to the overt, crude methods that are employed by the regimes of police states. However, the sense of western media sophistication is really a false one. As Rich-ard Deacon writes in The Truth Twisters “the Western democracies are sometimes just as vulnerable as the peo-ple of totalitarian regimes (to false information) — indeed perhaps more so, because they are more likely to ac-cept what they are told as the truth.”

In Cognito

A primary factor that allows the secrecy around money creation to continue is the concept of cognitive dissonance. Cognitive disso-nance is a psychological phe-nomenon which refers to the discomfort felt when what you already believe con-fl icts with new information. For example, we have been raised in the belief that we live in a free country, where economic justice is a major consideration. However, evi-dence shows that behind the


(Change from page 7)


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scenes is a system that more closely resembles the feudal-ism of old.

The basic idea behind cognitive dissonance theory is that people do not like to have dissonant cognitions. In fact, it is argued that the de-sire to have ‘consonant cog-nitions’ is as strong as our ba-sic desires for food and shel-ter. As a result, when some-one does experience two or more dissonant cognitions, or confl icting thoughts, they will attempt to do away with the dissonance. Often this is done by ignoring or refusing to believe painful truths, no matter what the evidence.

Cognitive dissonance

was fi rst investigated by Leon Festinger and involved a study of a cult that believed the earth was going to be destroyed by a fl ood on a certain date. The more com-

mitted cultists gave up their homes and jobs in anticipa-tion of the event. Doomsday came and went with nary a wet toe. Rather than question their belief, fervent cultists held that the earth was spared due to the pious actions of the cult itself. Less commit-ted members of the cult woke up on that day and were able to see that the belief they had been indoctrinated with was entirely false.

And so it goes with the

general belief in how our money and compound inter-est system works. There is slippage in our environmen-tal and social structures, even as the reality of technology means much improvement is possible. However, rather than address the root cause of an outmoded money system, there is an endless procession of rationalization, excuses, scapegoating and so on.




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motorists are reminded to give these vehicles enough room to safely maneuver. Trucks with properly maintained brakes generally take 25 to 65 percent longer to stop than a car. The accident shown above happened on a section of the highway that was already twinned.

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The scientifi c reality is that whatever is physically possible is fi nancially possi-ble. Witness how Canada had virtually unlimited money to ramp up production to fi ght WWII, when just previously, during the Great Depression, it was held by the mainstream economic experts that there were insuffi cient funds in the country for such basic things as food, shelter and clothing for many citizens. Now that the depression wrapper raises too many suspicions, the same baloney has been repackaged under the globalization la-bel. We are told, in so many words, that we have to be globally competitive with the slaves in China and so must have growing homelessness in the midst of plenty. Even-tually the truth does out, and when society does do away with a false belief as a whole it can be said that a ‘paradigm shift’ has taken place.

Paradigms

A paradigm is considered a self-evident truth that helps the effi ciency with which people think and act day to day. It can be regarded as an obvious fact by a profession, a political faction or an en-tire culture. As the fl at earth paradigm proved, general ac-ceptance and truth are not the same things.

Sometimes paradigms come full circle. An ancient reverence for the power and beauty of nature was thrown out when it was thought that industrial society had con-quered the natural world. People are again coming to the obvious conclusion that we are a part of nature, and risk destroying ourselves by indulging in this conceit of

the early industrialists. At one time, usury, or the un-fair charging of interest, was considered a grave sin by Christians. Today our entire society runs on it, with only such stalwarts as Canon Pe-ter Challen of the Christian Council on Monetary Jus-tice, Peter Selby, the Bishop of Worcester and relatively




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creation of money has been privatized, usurped from Congress by a private bank-ing cartel. Most people think money is issued by fi at by the government, but that is not the case. Except for coins, which compose only about one one-thousandth of the total U.S. money supply, all of our money is now created by banks. Federal Reserve Notes (dollar bills) are issued by the Federal Reserve, a private banking corporation, and lent to the government.1 Moreover, Federal Reserve Notes and coins together compose less than 3 percent of the money supply. The other 97 percent is created by commercial banks as loans.2

Don’t believe banks cre-ate the money they lend? Neither did the jury in a land-mark Minnesota case, until

they heard the evidence. First National Bank of Montgom-ery vs. Daly (1969) was a courtroom drama worthy of a movie script.3 Defendant Jerome Daly opposed the bank’s foreclosure on his $14,000 home mortgage loan on the ground that there was no consideration for the loan. “Con-sideration” (“the thing exchanged”) is an essential ele-ment of a contract. Daly, an attorney representing himself, argued that the bank had put up no real money for his loan. The courtroom proceedings were recorded by Associate Jus-tice Bill Drexler, whose chief role, he said, was to keep or-der in a highly charged court-room where the attorneys were threatening a fi st fi ght.

Drexler hadn’t given much credence to the theory of the defense, until Mr. Morgan, the bank’s president, took the stand. To everyone’s surprise, Morgan admitted that the

bank routinely created money “out of thin air” for its loans, and that this was standard bank-ing practice. “It sounds like fraud to me,” intoned Pre-siding Justice Martin Mahon-

ey amid nods from the jurors. In his court memorandum, Justice Mahoney stated:

“Plaintiff admitted that it, in combination with the Fed-eral Reserve Bank of Minne-apolis, . . . did create the en-tire $14,000.00 in money and credit upon its own books by

bookkeeping entry. That this was the consideration used to support the Note dated May 8, 1964 and the Mort-gage of the same date. The money and credit fi rst came into existence when they cre-ated it. Mr. Morgan admitted that no United States Law or Statute existed which gave him the right to do this. A lawful consideration must exist and be tendered to sup-port the Note.”

The court rejected the bank’s claim for foreclosure, and the defendant kept his house. To Daly, the impli-cations were enormous. If bankers were indeed extend-ing credit without consid-eration – without backing their loans with money they actually had in their vaults and were entitled to lend – a decision declaring their loans



“It sounds like fraud to me,”

intoned Presiding Justice Martin Mahoney amid nods from the

jurors.”

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void could topple the power base of the world. He wrote in a local news article:

“This decision, which is legally sound, has the ef-fect of declaring all private mortgages on real and per-sonal property, and all U.S. and State bonds held by the Federal Reserve, National and State banks to be null and void. This amounts to an emancipation of this Nation from personal, national and state debt purportedly owed to this banking system. Every American owes it to himself . . . to study this decision very carefully . . . for upon it hangs the question of free-dom or slavery.”

Needless to say, how-ever, the decision failed to change prevailing practice, although it was never over-

ruled. It was heard in a Jus-tice of the Peace Court, an autonomous court system dating back to those frontier days when defendants had trouble traveling to big cities to respond to summonses. In that system (which has now been phased out), judges and courts were pretty much on their own. Justice Mahoney, who was not dependent on campaign fi nancing or ham-strung by precedent, went so far as to threaten to prosecute and expose the bank.4 Since that time, a number of de-fendants have attempted to avoid loan defaults using the defense Daly raised; but they have met with only limited success. As one judge said off the record:

“If I let you do that – you and everyone else – it would bring the whole system down. . . . I cannot let you go be-

hind the bar of the bank. . . . We are not going behind that curtain!5

From time to time, how-ever, the curtain has been lift-ed long enough for us to see behind it. A number of repu-table authorities have attested to what is going on, including Sir Josiah Stamp, president of the Bank of England and the second richest man in Britain in the 1920s. He declared in an address at the University of Texas in 1927:

“The modern banking system manufactures money out of nothing. The process is perhaps the most astounding piece of sleight of hand that was ever invented. Banking was conceived in inequity and born in sin . . . . Bankers own the earth. Take it away from them but leave them the power to create money, and,

with a fl ick of a pen, they will create enough money to buy it back again. . . . Take this great power away from them and all great fortunes like mine will disappear, for then this would be a better and happier world to live in. . . . But, if you want to con-tinue to be the slaves of bank-ers and pay the cost of your own slavery, then let bankers continue to create money and control credit.”

Robert H. Hemphill, Credit Manager of the Feder-al Reserve Bank of Atlanta in the Great Depression, wrote in 1934:

“We are completely de-pendent on the commercial Banks. Someone has to bor-row every dollar we have in circulation, cash or credit. If the Banks create ample syn-



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Fleet Air Electric thetic money we are prosper-ous; if not, we starve. We are absolutely without a perma-nent money system. When one gets a complete grasp of the picture, the tragic ab-surdity of our hopeless po-sition is almost incredible, but there it is. It is the most important subject intelligent persons can investigate and refl ect upon.6

Graham Towers, Gover-nor of the Bank of Canada from 1935 to 1955, acknowl-edged:

“Banks create money. That is what they are for. . . . The manufacturing process to make money consists of making an entry in a book. That is all. . . . Each and ev-ery time a Bank makes a loan . . . new Bank credit is cre-ated -- brand new money.”7

Robert B. Anderson, Secretary of the Treasury under Eisenhower, said in an interview reported in the Au-gust 31, 1959 issue of U.S. News and World Report:

“[W]hen a bank makes a loan, it simply adds to the borrower’s deposit account in the bank by the amount of the loan. The money is not taken from anyone else’s de-posit; it was not previously paid in to the bank by any-one. It’s new money, created by the bank for the use of the borrower.”

How did this scheme originate, and how has it been concealed for so many years? To answer those ques-tions, we need to go back to the seventeenth century.

The Shell Game of the Goldsmiths

In seventeenth century Europe, trade was conducted primarily in gold and silver coins. Coins were durable and had value in themselves, but they were hard to trans-port in bulk and could be sto-len if not kept under lock and key. Many people therefore deposited their coins with the goldsmiths, who had the strongest safes in town. The goldsmiths issued convenient paper receipts that could be traded in place of the bulkier coins they represented. These receipts were also used when people who needed coins came to the goldsmiths for loans.

The mischief began when the goldsmiths noticed that only about 10 to 20 per-cent of their receipts came back to be redeemed in gold at any one time. They could safely “lend” the gold in their strongboxes at interest several times over, as long as they kept 10 to 20 percent of the value of their outstand-ing loans in gold to meet the demand. They thus created “paper money” (receipts for loans of gold) worth several times the gold they actu-ally held. They typically is-sued notes and made loans in amounts that were four to fi ve times their actual supply of gold. At an interest rate of 20 percent, the same gold lent fi ve times over produced a 100 percent return every year, on gold the goldsmiths did not actually own and could not legally lend at all. If they were careful not to overextend this “credit,” the goldsmiths could thus be-


(Money from page 20)was based on demonstrated support from the community, the existence of essential infrastructure and support services and technical feasibility. The Calgary-based company Monday fi led an application with the Canadian Nuclear Safety Com-mission to build a pair of twin-unit Candu reactors on pri-vate land adjacent to Lac Cardinal, 30 kilometres west of the town.

Given that we all enjoy a higher standard of living due to business decisions being made where the most effi ciencies are possible, it is hard to argue with the company. The Peace River competition had a natural cooling pond, whereas this facility would have to be constructed in Whitecourt. Reeve Jim Rennie Jr stated another factor was that a preferred site in Whitecourt was provincially owned, which added some complexity, and time, to land acquisition. For example, exist-ing Forest Management Agreements would have to be dealt with.

Now that the decision has been made, it can be said that there is one area of concern here regarding the initial tactics used by Energy Alberta. This has to do with the company’s comment on the demonstrated level of community support.

The original meeting at the Whitecourt Community Centre, an online poll by the Advisor and informal discussions on the street all showed that there was a solid majority of Whitecour-tites in favour of proceeding with the nuclear plant approval process. There was also a vocal opposition and a petition asking that Woodland County’s letter of support be withdrawn. The company had made clear at the original community meeting that it wanted virtually unanimous assent from residents for the project and stated the withdrawal of the Woodlands letter of support was a signifi cant issue at one time.

However, it is hard to think of any issue that would have unanimous support, let alone something of the scope and complexity of a nuclear power project. Everyone espousing one line of thought, regardless of personal beliefs, is not a healthy society. This writer is in favour of nuclear power, given the alternatives; as long as democracy is also allowed to fl ourish.

The company backtracked on its previous stance regard-ing dissent and announced that only economic reasons were responsible for the Peace River location. Good for them. It wouldn’t be much fun in the Peace River region otherwise.

(Nuclear from page 1)

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come quite wealthy without producing anything of value themselves. Since only the principal was lent into the money supply, more money was eventually owed back in principal and interest than the townspeople as a whole possessed. They had to con-tinually take out loans of new paper money to cover the shortfall, causing the wealth of the town and eventually of the country to be siphoned into the vaults of the gold-smiths-turned-bankers, while the people fell progressively into their debt.8

Following this model, in nineteenth century America, private banks issued their own banknotes in sums up to ten times their actual reserves in gold. This was called “fractional reserve” banking, meaning that only a fraction of the total deposits managed by a bank were kept in “re-serve” to meet the demands of depositors. But periodic runs on the banks when the customers all got suspicious and demanded their gold at the same time caused banks to go bankrupt and made the system unstable. In 1913, the private banknote system was therefore consolidated into a national banknote system un-

der the Federal Reserve (or “Fed”), a privately-owned corporation given the right to issue Federal Reserve Notes and lend them to the U.S. government. These notes, which were issued by the Fed basically for the cost of print-ing them, came to form the basis of the national money supply.

Twenty years later, the country faced massive depres-sion. The money supply shrank, as banks closed their doors and gold fl ed to Eu-rope. Dollars at that time had to be 40 percent backed by gold, so for ev-ery dollar’s worth of gold that left the country, 2.5 dollars in credit money also disappeared. To prevent this alarming defl ationary spiral from collapsing the money supply completely, in 1933 President Franklin Roosevelt took the dollar off the gold standard. Today the Federal Reserve still operates on the “fractional reserve” system, but its “reserves” consist of nothing but government bonds (I.O.U.s or debts). The government issues bonds, the Federal Reserve issues Fed-

eral Reserve Notes, and they basically swap stacks, leav-ing the government in debt to a private banking corpora-tion for money the govern-ment could have issued itself, debt-free.

Theft by Infl ation

M3, the broadest mea-sure of the U.S. money sup-ply, shot up from $3.7 trillion

in February 1988 to $10.3 trillion 14 years later, when the Fed quit reporting it. Why the Fed quit reporting it in March 2006 is suggested by John Williams

in a website called “Shad-ow Government Statistics” (shadowstats.com), which shows that by the spring of 2007, M3 was growing at the astounding rate of 11.8 percent per year. Best not to publicize such fi gures too widely! The question posed here, however, is this: where did all this new money come from? The government did not step up its output of coins, and no gold was added to the national money supply, since the government went off the gold standard in 1933. This new money could only

have been created privately as “bank credit” advanced as loans.

The problem with in-fl ating the money supply in this way, of course, is that it infl ates prices. More mon-ey competing for the same goods drives prices up. The dollar buys less, robbing people of the value of their money. This rampant infl a-tion is usually blamed on the government, which is ac-cused of running the dollar printing presses in order to spend and spend without re-sorting to the politically un-popular expedient of raising taxes. But as noted earlier, the only money the U.S. gov-ernment actually issues are coins. In countries in which the central bank has been na-tionalized, paper money may be issued by the government along with coins, but paper money still composes only a very small percentage of the money supply. In England, where the Bank of England was nationalized after World War II, private banks contin-ue to create 97 percent of the money supply as loans.9

Price infl ation is only one problem with this system of private money creation.



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Another is that banks create only the principal but not the interest necessary to pay back their loans. Since virtually the entire money supply is created by banks themselves, new money must continually be borrowed into existence just to pay the interest owed to the bankers. A dollar lent at 5 percent interest becomes 2 dollars in 14 years. That means the money supply has to double every 14 years just to cover the interest owed on the money existing at the be-ginning of this 14 year cycle. The Federal Reserve’s own fi gures confi rm that M3 has doubled or more every 14 years since 1959, when the Fed began reporting it. 10 That means that every 14 years, banks siphon off as much money in interest as there was in the entire economy 14 years earlier. This tribute is paid for lending something the banks never actually had to lend, making it perhaps the greatest scam ever per-petrated, since it now affects the entire global economy. The privatization of money is the underlying cause of pov-erty, economic slavery, un-derfunded government, and an oligarchical ruling class that thwarts every attempt to shake it loose from the reins

of power.

This problem can only be set right by reversing the pro-cess that created it. Congress needs to take back the Con-stitutional power to issue the nation’s money. “Fractional reserve” banking needs to be eliminated, limiting banks to lending only pre-existing funds. If the power to cre-ate money were returned to the government, the federal debt could be paid off, taxes could be slashed, and needed government programs could be expanded. Contrary to popular belief, paying off the federal debt with new U.S. Notes would not be danger-ously infl ationary, because government securities are al-ready included in the widest measure of the money sup-ply. The dollars would just replace the bonds, leaving the total unchanged. If the U.S. federal debt had been paid off in fi scal year 2006, the savings to the govern-ment from no longer having to pay interest would have been $406 billion, enough to eliminate the $390 billion budget defi cit that year with money to spare. The budget could have been met with taxes, without creating mon-ey out of nothing either on a

(See Money on page 29)


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few others upholding what are really basic Christian beliefs around justice and poverty. The other major re-ligions fare no better in this regards. A lack of awareness is the primary reason people of faith engage in a futile at-tempt to serve two masters. Until the concept of usury also comes full circle in re-gards to its desirability, peace on earth will be impossible.

Author Stephen Haines has assigned the following characteristics to paradigms: they are rules that regulators use to establish the defi ni-tion for success; data and facts tend to be ignored if they don’t agree with a para-digm; when there is a para-digm change “we all go back to zero”; a successful past blinds one to the require-ments for the future; and what is impossible to do with one paradigm is relatively easy to do with another para-digm. For example, many pressing economic problems, which have stymied the ex-perts for decades could be easily solved under a better designed money system.

Past illusions are easy to see once a general culture has undergone a paradigm shift. It is tempting for modern so-ciety to scoff at previous gen-erations who believed in a fl at earth, the science of alchemy, the evil of witchcraft and the unsinkability of the Titanic. However, illusory knowl-edge is no less prevalent to-day. Fact as fi ction continues to fl ourish, with a primary reason being that individuals are still involved in a fi ercely competitive milieu.

What makes paradigms so effi cient and so hard to change is that the brain it-




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self physically optimizes the mental associations made in response to basic beliefs. New thread-like connections grow between neurons, while others are strengthened, and yet others are weakened or discontinued. Certain brain cells also shrink or grow. Re-searcher Leslie Ungerleider showed how the process is ongoing by expanding small sections of the brains of vol-unteers who practiced pick-ing out a tiny pattern against a confusing background. Re-peated exposure to a valid idea can overcome an obso-lete paradigm. However, the conditioned physical char-acteristics of the brain can work in conjunction with the pain avoidance inherent in cognitive dissonance to make change very diffi cult.

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In extreme cases, entire civilizations, without be-ing touched by an outside force, have perished under the weight of their own mis-conceptions. For both soci-eties and individuals para-digm shifts often take place when the pain of staying in place becomes greater than the pain of changing. One study found that most peo-ple would believe in a cred-ible negative prediction, un-til it was applied to them, at which point belief dropped off precipitously. As psy-chologist Daniel Goleman states “there is an almost gravitational pull toward putting out of mind unpleas-ant facts. And our collec-tive ability to face painful facts is no greater than our personal one. We tune out, we turn away, we avoid. Fi-nally we forget, and forget we have forgotten. A lacuna (blank spot) hides the harsh truth.”

Another perceptual prob-lem, according to Therry Melchior and other hyp-notism researchers, is that there is no fundamental dif-ference between susceptibil-ity to suggestion in everyday life and that of the person onstage convinced that they are a chicken. It is simply a matter of degree. When a Walmart employee is injured by stampeding shoppers who need Tickle Me Elmo dolls to celebrate Christmas, it can be seen that the degree of sepa-ration in some cases is not a large one.

In the late 50s, social scientist Erving Goffman published Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, which dealt with how much time people spent performing off-stage. Goffman marveled that sometimes a person is “sincerely convinced that the impression of reality which he stages is the real reality.” In many cases, our inability ‘to be ourselves’, so to speak, is driven by the outside de-mands of a false economic structure.

Evolutionary theory brings a dark side to the mis-conceptions. In his foreword to Richard Dawkins’ The Selfi sh Gene, Robert Trivers noted Dawkins’ emphasis on the role of deception in animal life and added that if indeed “deceit is fundamen-tal to animal communication, then there must be strong se-lection to spot deception and this ought, in turn, to select for a degree of self-deception, rendering some facts and mo-tives unconscious so as not to betray—by the subtle signs of self-knowledge—the de-ception being practiced.” In other words, we deceive ourselves in order to deceive others better.

(See Change on page 29)


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Town Council Meeting 2nd and 4th Monday of each month, with the exception

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for several years, and later went on to invent a self-lock-ing snare and to devote time to writing. He published over 20 books on trapping and other outdoor subjects and his articles appeared in many magazines. Two fascinating books about early life in our area are: “Land of Fur and Gold”, written by Raymond Thompson and, “Pioneers of the Athabasca”, written by his wife, Ruby Trench Thomp-son. In 1979, Raymond was elected to The Trappers Hall of Fame. Raymond passed away in Washington on No-vember 24, 1979.

Pass Creek and Two CreeksSid and Alfred Wheeler,

both born in England in the early 1920’s, began trapping south of the Iosegun River in 1939. They trapped in the Pass Creek, Heavysound and Iosegun River area, up to Clark Lake, for many years. They lived on the trapline, and would travel by raft down the river in the spring. They would transport their sup-plies up the river in the fall, sometimes by means of Har-ry Johnson’s riverboat. In the early days, they would store food in a dugout on the bank of the Athabasca, later back-

packing it to their cabins. Sid currently lives in Whitecourt and still has a trapline. Alfred passed away in July of 1981.

Other early trappers in this area were Max McLean and Joe Beaman who occa-sionally worked for the For-est Service. They trapped in the 1940’s and one of the cabins they stayed at was known as “The Swede Cab-in”. Norman Henry Saunders trapped in those early years with Dave Wooley, who later died in the Korean War. Nor-man currently lives in the Whitecourt area and still has a trapline. Knut Hansen and his partner, Steiner Finsand, began trapping in the Marsh Head Creek, Pass Creek, and Athabasca River area in the 1930’s and did so for many years. They had a river boat with a fl athead Ford motor and would sometimes trans-port supplies for fi refi ghters. At one time, Knut Hansen was the towerman at Pass Creek.

During the 1940’s John Grainger from Barrhead had a trapline in the Two Creeks area.

Smoke (Buck) LakePatrick Napio lived on

the north side of Smoke Lake and trapped in this area dur-ing the early years. Eskil and Gunnar Anderson emigrated from Sweden in the 1920’s and during their long resi-dency in Valleyview, trapped at Smoke Lake. Other early trappers at Smoke Lake were George Onland and Svend Jorgensen, who trapped there in the 1930’s.

Tony Creek (Mile 90 on the Edson-Grande

Prairie Trail)

Mr. G. Foster and his family ran the stopping house at Tony Creek some-time between 1911 and 1916. The next owner was William Hare, a Boer War

veteran, and his wife, Rita, a registered nurse from Bos-ton, Massachusetts, who was born in Maine in 1878. They lived at the Tony Creek stop-ping house before 1917 for a few years, then moved to Edson, where they lived for a long time.

One of the early trappers on Tony Creek was Theodore Walters, who operated a small trading post in 1917 and was there for a number of years. He also had a cabin and fi sh camp at Smoke Lake, where, in the winter, he would net whitefi sh and sell them to traders at Sturgeon Lake. He was the fi re ranger of a large district: one source records



Sam Badger, Paul Moses and Albert Moses.


government print press or as accounting entry bank loans.

However, some money created on a government printing press could actually be good for the economy. It would be good if it were used for the productive pur-pose of creating new goods and services, rather than for the non-productive purpose of paying interest on loans. When supply (goods and ser-vices) goes up along with de-mand (money), they remain in balance and prices remain stable. New money could be added without creating price infl ation up to the point of full employment. In this way Congress could fund much-needed programs, such as the development of alterna-tive energy sources and the expansion of health cover-age, while actually reducing taxes.

1 Wright Patman, A Primer on Money (Government Printing Offi ce, prepared for the Sub-com-mittee on Domestic Finance, House of Representatives, Committee on Banking and Currency, 88th Con-gress, 2nd session, 1964).

2 See Federal Reserve Statis-tical Release H6, “Money Stock Measures,” www.federalreserve.gov/releases/H6/20060223 (Feb-ruary 23, 2006); “United States Mint 2004 Annual Report,” www.usmint.gov; Ellen Brown, Web of Debt, www.webofdebt.com (2007), chapter 2.

3 “A Landmark Decision,” The Daily Eagle (Montgomery, Minnesota: February 7, 1969), re-printed in part in P. Cook, “What Banks Don’t Want You to Know,” (June 3, 1993).

4 See Bill Drexler, “The Ma-honey Credit River Decision”.

5 G. Edward Griffi n, “Debt-cancellation Programs,” www.freedomforceinternational.org (De-

cember 18, 2003). 6 In the Foreword to Irving

Fisher, 100% Money (1935), re-printed by Pickering and Chatto Ltd. (1996).

7 Quoted in “Someone Has to Print the Nation’s Money . . . So Why Not Our Government?”, Monetary Reform Online, reprinted from Victoria Times Colonist (Oc-tober 16, 1996).

8 Chicago Federal Reserve, “Modern Money Mechanics” (1963), originally produced and dis-tributed free by the Public Informa-tion Center of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, now available on the Internet at http://landru.i-link-2.net/monques/mmm2.html; Patrick Carmack, Bill Still, The Money Masters: How In-ternational Bankers Gained Control of America (video, 1998), text at http://users.cyberone.com.au/my-ers/money-masters.html.

9 James Robertson, John Bun-zl, Monetary Reform: Making It Happen (2003), www.jamesrobert-son.com, page 26.

10 Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve, “M3 Money Stock (discontinued series),” http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/data/M3SL.txt.

(Money from page 23)Trivers concludes “the

conventional view that natural selection favors nervous sys-tems which produce ever more accurate images of the world must be a very naive view of mental evolution.” Wildlife fi lms would seem to support this theory. Frequently com-petitive predators appear to be interested in the scenic view, while taking short breaks in a vicious territorial battle.

A question of the age would seem to be how to cre-ate the conditions to, as poet William Blake put it, “cleanse the doors of perception”. The key to this has been described as creating an abundance mentality; to make competi-tion fun and invigorating, by setting up fair rules and good safety nets. For the fi rst time in history, technological ad-vances now make this pos-sible. Primary factors holding up progress are the three hun-dred year old money system and a lack of effective world governance.

Film producer Arthur Ka-negis is a member of the Glob-al Justice Movement effort that that started in Whitecourt. Conceivably, this project will be upgraded to add to the democratic renaissance tak-ing place regarding globaliza-tion. Rather than print, Kane-gis urges that change efforts move into the more effective medium of video. He relates that: “mythology interpreter Joseph Campbell studied so-cietal behavior from ancient tribal clans to modern indus-trial nations, and found that the behavior of every society is determined primarily by the underlying mythology of that culture. The way we respond to a given situation may have more to do with our myths and stories than with the immedi-ate facts at hand.”

He goes on to say “in Hans Christian Anderson’s classic fairy tale the public fails to see that the emperor has no clothes. Why? Be-cause the popular myth that emperors dress in the fi nest garb is so strong that people discount their own observa-tion. A scientifi c study re-ported in the New York Times demonstrated that popular beliefs can actually over-ride people’s personal visual observations. Through MRI and brain scans, researchers determined that people who go along with the popular myth even when it contra-dicts what they are seeing show no physiological evi-dence of lying! Almost half of those studied believed the popularly-accepted fi ction over what they were seeing in front of their eyes.”

“As Plato said: Whoever tells the stories shapes soci-ety. If we want to change the behavior of our society, we have to change the story. We have to change the mythol-ogy. In our world, that means creating new stories through the most visceral storytelling media of our times: movies and television.”

The view here is that all communication mediums will be needed to move our money system out of the in-dustrial age and into the in-formation age. In this, there is a catch 22, in that the fi nan-cial system is of course need-ed for such projects. Whether such institutions can see be-yond their short-term inter-ests, to include enlightened self interest, and enable such projects, remains to be seen. As it is, fi nancial innovation in creating new media will likely be a signifi cant step to creating what futurist Alvin Toffl er referred to as the fi rst truly civil society.

(Change from page 26)

Ellen Brown, J.D., devel-oped her research skills as an attorney practicing civil litigation in Los Angeles. In Web of Debt, her latest book, she turns those skills to an analysis of the Federal Re-serve and “the money trust.” Brown’s eleven books in-clude the bestselling Nature’s Pharmacy, co-authored with Dr. Lynne Walker.


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that it was between the Atha-basca River and Sturgeon Lake, while another source states it was from the Simo-nette to the Little Smoky. Theodore spoke the Cree language. It is believed that he married twice. The name of his wife has been recorded as Fawn Abraham, who was the daughter of band chief, Isaac Abraham, of Iosegun Lake. Many sources state a marriage to a daughter of Pat-rick Napio. Later, Theodore homesteaded along the Lit-tle Smoky, at which time he transported, by raft, an enor-mous iron kitchen range from Tony Creek to his new home. During the 1930’s, he lived near Valleyview, where, for a time, he owned a sawmill and then transported mail be-tween Calais and High Prai-rie. Theodore Walters passed away in 1940.

Louis Melland was born in Norway in 1893 and im-migrated to the United States when he was 16 years old. In 1911, he moved to Jasper, Alberta. Louis began trap-ping in the Smoky River and Tony Creek area in 1930, and trapped in this area until 1972 when ill health forced him to retire to Edson. During the early years, he would travel to Edson on the Edson-Grande Prairie trail. Louis passed away in May of 1973.

Adolph Weiss was born in Germany in 1903 and blazed a trapline at Tony Creek in 1931, where he trapped for many years. Adolph lived in the Valleyview area until his death in 1974.

Lawrence Larocque and

his son, Albert, lived at the Tony Creek crossing and would trap at Smoke Lake. In the early days, Lawrence would travel on the Edson-Grande Prairie trail and put up hay at the Tony Creek mead-ows. Other trappers who have lived at the Tony Creek were Ed Robb and Jack Blair who named the nearby creek, Fox Creek.

Crooked LakeHugh McKinnon ran a

trading post at Crooked Lake in 1916-1917. In later years, Augustine and Jean Ma-rie Hamelin (twin brothers) trapped at Crooked Lake and Tony Creek.

Raspberry (Bear) LakeLeonard and Helen White

lived and trapped year-round at Raspberry Lake during the 1930’s and were there for many years.

Iosegun (Hash) LakeLouie and Isaac Abraham

were trappers at Iosegun in the early 1900’s. The Moses and Stoneys have trapped or hunted in the Iosegun Lake area for generations. Abra-ham Moses, Patrick Napio and Thomas Stoney hunted at Iosegun Lake in the early 1900’s and some of their de-scendants trap there today. For many decades, the part-ners, Pete Harvey, Dave Kap-po and Dan McLean trapped at Iosegun Lake.

Wesley and Dorothy Reed built a cabin at Iosegun Lake in 1937, where they fi shed and trapped. Wesley was originally from Bar-rhead. The Reeds leased 27 acres at losegun Lake where they eventually built a house.


They had a barn, corral and vegetable garden. One of the trails they used went from Iosegun Lake to the Marsh Head Creek; some of the oth-ers they cut themselves with a Swede saw. Dorothy would sometimes travel alone to Whitecourt by dog team. The large dogs fed on fi sh netted from the lake. Some of the dogs were bred with wolves; many were so strong they could pull a stoneboat. While the Reeds were living at Iose-gun Lake, the American army chose that site for a survival course in approximately 1943. Wesley cleared a small airstrip south of Iosegun in 1952.

Two of their relatives, Bert and Bill Irvine, trapped in this area. Bert Irvine trapped between Iosegun and Smoke Lake in the 1930’s and early 1940’s. Later, Bill Irvine trapped here. He built a cab-in south of Fox Creek in the 1950’s. Bill passed away af-ter being accidentally shot by a hunter. The highway meant the forest would no longer be an isolated wilderness and the Reeds moved away in I960. The house they had built at Iosegun Lake burned down in the late 1980’s.

Meekwap LakeMelvin Peterson and

Murdoch Graham trapped south of the Goose River in the late 1920’s. Milton Eugene Walters, Henry Gouchey, the Mitchells and Alexis Kiya-wasew have been prominent trappers in the Meekwap area. Milton Eugene Walters has trapped in this area from 1937 to the present time.

The preceding is from Iosegun Refl ections, pub. 1992, The Klondike Gold Rush and The Edson-Grande Prairie Trail by Linda Horyn. Reprinted with permission of the The Fox Creek Historical Association.

For more of the history of this area, you can get the book Iosegun Refl ections - A History of Fox Creek from the Fox Creek Medicine Bottle or the Museum.

Wes and Dorothy Reed drying with dried furs after a win-ter’s work.


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