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Contents

About ERP

About SAP

SA

PArchi

tec

tur

e

SAP Modules & SAP Product Portfolio

ASAP Methodology

Navigation in SAP


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About ERP


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Package: It is collection of executable programs, functions andactions. Ex: MS-office, ATM, Railway Reservations, etc.,

Language: It is collection of executable statements/instructions to

the system. Ex: c, c++, java etc.,

SAP is an ERP Package

WHATis SAP?


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What is ERP

Most organizations across the world have realized that in a rapidlychanging environment, it is impossible to create and maintain a

custome designed software package which will cater to all

requirements and also be completely up-to-date.

ERP will offer and integrated software solution to all the functions of an

organization.

Enterprise Resource PlanningWell Established Men HR

Organization Material MM

(which is having Machine Engineering

Different businessMoney Finance

Processes) Method Planning

Standard software package taking care of all needs of an enterprise

ERP integrates business processes across company

ERP provides and helps enterprise to adopt latest technology and

international business practices with minimum ease.


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ERP MAKES MANAGEMENT REPORTING andDECISION MAKINGFASTERAND UNIFORM THROUGH OUT AN ORGANIZATION

ERP PROMOTES THINKING ABOUT CORPORATE GOALS AS OPPOSED

TO GOALS OF A SINGLE DEPARTMENT

WHY ERP ?

For managing 4 Ms of an enterprise effectively

Money

MenMachine

Material


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Package Evaluations

SAP

Oracle

Siebel

People soft

JD Edwards

BAAN

And many more

ERP made the SAP R/3 the worldwide standard.

Since 1996, SAP R/3 has supported e-commerce.


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Business without ERP

CustomersCustomers

Customer

Calls to place

order for a

Car1

Sales

office/Inventory

contacts PP

3

Sales office

contacts

Inventory

2

ProductionProductionPlanningPlanning

InventoryInventory

3

4

PP contacts

Purchasing for

raw material

PurchasingPurchasing

SalesSales


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Business without ERP (Contd)

Lets add some more Business Processes


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CustomersCustomers

VendorsVendors

Shop floorShop floor

ProductionProductionPlanningPlanning

InventoryInventory

FinanceFinance

Where is mycar

Whom tocontact for

status?

What is this

confusion

What is

Cost and

profit

What to

manufactur

e??

SalesSales

This slide highlights the lack ofinformation flow within the organization


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SalesSales

Dear Sir,

Your Order

I did not orderfor a

TRUCK!!!!


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Overall picture

SalesSales

Production

Planning

General LedgerGeneral Ledger


CustomersCustomers

VendorsVendors

InventoryInventoryShop Floor

execution

A/RA/RA/PA/P

Numerous disparate information systems, developed individually over time

Integrating the data becomes costly - time, money, resourcesInconsistencies and duplication of data

Lack of timely information

An integrated system was the need of the hour


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What is ERP?

ERP

comp

rises of a

comme

rcial softwa

re pa

ckage t

hat p

rom

isesthe seamless integration of all the information flowing through

the company such as financial, accounting, human resources,supply chain and customer information.

PP

GL

Plants

Shop

Floor

Sales

HRFA

AP

AR

Purchasing

Partner

Systems

Payroll

TreasuryMarketing

Mfg.


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Evolution of ERP

In the 1960s, the concept of ERP was limited to the fact that Organizations wished

to integrate all departments and functions in order to increase revenues. Theemphasis was initially on inventory control and inventory management. During the

1970s the focus shifted to Material Requirement. Gradually, the concept of ERP

was introduced to Distribution Management activities during the 1980s. It was in

the 1990s that efforts were made to integrate all functions of an Organization. This

stemmed from the fact that businesses were becoming increasingly complex and

the concept of ERP had to be evolved to meet business needs.

In 1972, five managers from IBM left to start a company that is known today as

SAP (Systems, A pplications and Products). SAP eventually became the first

company to develop and implement ERP specific software and applications. Today,SAP is one of the leaders in ERP software.

While there is no doubt that ERP has improved and evolved over the past years, its

concept and purpose have remained the same. One can however expect the design

of ERP to keep on evolving in the coming years.


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Evolution of ERP

Material Requirements Planning (MRP) systems were developed in the 1970s which involved mainly

planning the product or parts requirements according to the master production schedule.

Following this route new software systems called Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP II) wereintroduced in the 1980s with an emphasis on optimizing manufacturing processes by synchronizing

the materials with production requirements. MRP II included areas such as shop floor and distribution

management, project management, finance, human resource and engineering.

ERP systems first appeared in the late 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s with the power of

enterprise-wide inter-functional coordination and integration.


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Advantages of ERP

Enable improved business performance

Cycle Time Reduction

Inventory Reduction

- Improved Cost Control

Order Execution Improvement

Align with extended business partners Support business growth requirements

New Products

New Markets

Provide integrated real-time system

Better responsiveness across organization Eliminate limitations in legacy systems


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How ERP helps

All data

is ava

ila

ble

in

cent

ral data

base

Eliminates data redundancy

Data is updated and available real-time

One point entry of data

Best business practices inbuilt

Modular system Can implement only required

functions

Others can be easily integrated later Transparency and Control to extent required Managers can utilize their time in analysis and spend less

time in coordination effort


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About SAP


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SAP headquarters, Walldorf, Germany


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History ofSAP

SAP is the leading ERP software package. SAP was the first to integrate a corporation's worldwide

functions tightly into one application. SAP, translated from its original German name, stands for

Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing. Five former IBM programmers founded

SAP AG in Germany, and released the first version of their software, SAP R/2, in 1979. SAP

renamed itself in 1977, prior to which it was called as Systems Analysis and Program Development.

Its domination ofthe market occurred during the 1980s, expanding first throughout Europe (early

1980s) and then North America (1988). SAP R/3, an advanced, client-server based version of the

popular R/2 product, was released in 1992 and sparked a stunning takeover of America's largest

businesses.SAP is both the name ofthe company and their ERP product

SAP system comprises of a number of fully integrated modules, which virtually covers every aspect

ofthe business management

Using SAP's products, companies can now integrate their accounting, sales, distribution,

manufacturing, planning, purchasing, human resources, analysis and other transactions into one

application. SAP applications thus provide an environment where "transactions are synchronizedthroughout the entire systems."

With 90,000 installations serving 12 million users at 18,800 organizations in 120 countries across

the globe, SAP ranks as the world's largest independent software provider.

So far, there have been 3 systems developed by SAP. namely, R/1, R/2, R/3.


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SAPOverview

SAP is a table driven customization software. It allows businesses to

make rapid changes in their business requirements with a common set ofprograms. User-exits are provided for business to add in additionalsource code. Tools such as screen variants are provided to let you setfields attributes whether to hide, display and make them mandatoryfields.

This is what makes ERP system and SAP in particular so flexible. Thetable driven customization are driving the program functionality insteadof those old fashioned hard-coded programs. Therefore, new andchanged business requirements can be quickly implemented and testedin the system.

Many other business application software have seen this table drivencustomization advantage and are now changing their applicationsoftware based on this table customizingconcept.

In order to minimized your upgradingcosts, the standard programs andtables should not be changed as far as possible. The main purpose ofusing a standard business application software like SAP is to reducedthe amount of time and money spend on developing and testing all theprograms. Therefore, most companies will try to utilize the availabletools provided by SAP.


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Development ofSAP

ERP is not new to the marketplace. In fact, SAP created ERP over 30 years ago. 30years ago the private sector was looking to streamline the business process,

eliminate redundancy and frankly reduce the number of systems required to runthe business.

ERP was the answer. Many organizations we able to significantly reduce systems,cycle time, reconcilation processes etc.

With ERP, we were able to reduce cost, simplify the IT landscape, and mostimportantly impact the operation of the business. During those times, mostorganizations were able to achieve headcount reduction, inventory reduction,

reduction of close time etc.In the late 80s and into the 90s companies started to embrace decision support.Many companies embraced the data warehouse concept. It was primarily used forreporting. Sap initially embedded many reports into our solution set.

Today, not only is operational excellence and decision support necessary to survivebut we must do more. In fact, we must create value in order to survive andeffectively compete. Today, organizations are focused on business performance,

collaboration and innovation. Look at the President management agenda.Technology can not only reduce cost but it can definitely impact the operation. ERPis part ofthe solution

In fact, we have many choices for efficiency and control business processoutsourcing, hosting etc. Yet we know that the data captured in our transactionalsystems is the exact data that is needed to provide transparency across theenterprise. It is the analysis of this data that gives organizations the opportunity to

make much better decisions. Not only can we make those decisions but we can seethe impact on the business and the performance ofthe business.


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Development ofSAP

Enterprise Resource Planning

Total

Company

Value

Evolution of ERP

CreateCreate

StrategicStrategic

ValueValue

Efficiency andEfficiency and

ControlControl

AutomationAutomation

80s R/280s R/2 90s R/390s R/3 Today mySAP ERP

Inter-Enterprise

Co-operation

Inter-Enterprise

Co-operationEnterprise Resource

Planning

Enterprise Resource

Planning

Collaborative

Business

Collaborative

Business


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For Over 30 Years, SAP Has Been Driving ERP and They Continue

to Do So

SAP is the inventor of REAL TIME ERP

solutions. This is what originally made SAP

unique, and it is still a major strength.

SAP became the industry standard; we have

remained the yardstick ever since.

In the 90s, dot.com madness took over and the

spotlight fell on eBusiness for a while.

Now the spotlight is firmly on ERP. And SAP is

becoming the standard for collaborative

business applications.


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70s

For Over 30 Years, SAP Has Been Driving ERP and They Continue

to Do So

SAP Invents

Real-Time ERPSAP defines and

establishes a new

approach to

Integrated

Standard

Business

Software.

ERP = TheBusiness

Software

IndustryThe approach that

SAP established

becomes industry

standard. Newcompetitors enter

the market.

ERP Rapid

AdoptionCompanies start to

adopt ERP on a

massive scale

Dot.com Hype:

ERP = Old

E-Business = NewTrends seemed to

indicate that ERP

was an out-of-

fashion model

mySAP ERP

E-Business isnow seen as an

extension of

ERP, not a

replacement.

SAP is leading

the new industry

standard forcollaborative

business

applications.

80s 90s 00s


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Evolution ofSAP

SAP is the recognized leader in providing collaborative business solutions for

all types of industries and for every major market Over the course of three

decades, SAP has evolved from a small, regional enterprise into a world-class

international company. Today, SAP is the global market leader in

collaborative, inter-enterprise business solutions.

SAP Snapshot:

1.1 Leader in providing collaborative e-business solutions

1.2 Solutions for all types of industries and for every major market

1.3 Greater market-share than any other business software organization

1.4 Strong ecosystem allows for continued growth, thought leadership andability to meet all customer requirements


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Evolution ofSAP


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mySAP Business Suite

The slides in this section are meant to introduce the latest SA

P offerings.


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SAP Business Strategy:

New Maintenance Offerings

Architecture Planning

Custom Development

Consulting

System Integration

Operations Planning & Optimization

Hosting / Outsourcing


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SAP Product

Strategy

Expand

instead of

Replace

My SAP Business Suite: contains

MySAP Business Suite is an overall package of opencorporate solutions that link all participants,information, processes to increase the effectivenessof business relationships. My SAP Business Suitecomprises

Cross - Industry Solutions,

Industry Specific Solutions,

Technological Infrastructure and

Services


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Tailored industry solutions make use of the cross-industry

solutions, infrastructure, and services as well as custom-developedindustry expertise.

For example, all industry solutions can be linked to mySAPExchanges, accessed via a mySAP Enterprise Portals solution, beseamlessly connected to a mySAP CRM solution.

All industry solutions are packaged and configured with detailedfeatures based on industry best practices.

SAP AG 2002

Industry Solutions

SAP Industry and Cross Industry Expertise..

mySAPAerospace&Defense

mySAPAutomotive

mySAPE&C

mySAPHighTech

mySAPChemicals

mySAPMillProducts

mySAPPharmaceuticals

mySAPOil&Gas

mySAPMining

mySAPCP

mySAPRetail

mySAPMedia

mySAPServiceProviders

mySAPTelecommunications

mySAPUtilities

mySAPBanking

mySAPFinancialServiceProv.

mySAPInsurance

mySAPHealthcare

mySAPHigherEd.&Research

mySAPPublicSector

Cross-IndustrySolutions

N mySAP Enterprise Portals

N mySAP CRM

N mySAP SCM

N mySAP BIN mySAP Exchanges

N mySAP E-Procurement

N mySAP PLM

N mySAP HR

N mySAP Financials

N mySAP Mobile Business


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SAP Clients


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Highlights Multilingual:

You can log in various languages. (EN-English, ZH-Chinese, JA-Japan)

Can login twice in two languages- for technical support

For financial reporting in multiple languages

SAP terminology in English does not always correspond to standard accounting terminology in English.

Multicurrency (USD, EUR, INR, SGD, AUD, RMB etc.)

Group currency (for financial reporting of related company codes)

Company code (for financial reporting, by a legal entity)

General Ledger account (bank account or loan)

Transactions in Sales & Distribution (e.g.; invoice or a payment)FI includes programs to revaluate open items, such as bank balance, customer

and vendor balance, invoices posted in foreign currency.

Multi company

Accounts can be maintained for multiple companies on the same system

Helpful to consolidate the multiple companies data without sending tapes or files to load.

Consolidated financial statement eliminates inter company receivables, payables, investments, revenuesetc. SAP supports this thru SAP-ECS.

Data/Reports can be downloaded to Excel, Word, Text file etc

Printing to Printer possible, local and remote printer

Data can be forwarded as email attachment to personal email id from

SAP

Logon info, system status, program details, SAP help can be viewed

Maximum 6 different sessions can be opened at a time


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Benefits of mySAP ERP

SAP ERP delivers a comprehensive set of integrated, cross-functional

business processes. With SAP ERP, we can gain the benefits:

Improve alignment of strategies and operations

Improve productivity and insight

Reduce costs through increased flexibility

Support changing industry requirements

Reduce risk

Improve financial management and corporate governance

Optimize IT spending

Gain higher ROI faster

Retain top performers Provide immediate access to enterprise information


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SAP R/3 Architecture


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R/3 Architecture

Basic View

Presentation

Layer

Application

Layer

Database Layer

SAP GUI Client S/W

R/3 Server Component

No DATA is stored

Actual Database

SAP server executions


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3 Tier Client / ServerArchitecture

The SAP R/3 architecture is based on a 3-tier client/server

principle

Presentation Server

Application Server

Database Server

Dedicated Servers are linked by Communication Networks

Perform tasks without sacrificing data integration and processes

within the system, as a whole


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SAP R/3 System Architecture

The picture here illustrates a typical R/3 system.

Multiple presentation layers from multiple computers communicate

with the application servers over the local or wide area network.

For a single R/3 system, there may be multiple application servers in

order to balance the operational load.

All these application servers interact with a single database server.

And as the picture illustrates, the database server acts as the interface

between the external RDBMS and the application servers.

A single database, the R/3 database server that accesses it and the set

of one or more application servers and their processes, that govern

the business administration and the data sent and received from the

database server all these components that constitute a logically

single R/3 system, is called as an R/3 instance.


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SAP R/3 System Architecture


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Overview of Presentation & Database Servers

Let us now have a very brief overview ofthe presentation layer and the database server.

The presentation server is simply a GUI that is running at the users workstation. It is avery light component, called as a thin client in common terminology. It is capable of

sending requests to the application server, receiving the requests back and displaying

the screen backto the user.

Multiple instances of presentation servers can execute in the same workstation.

And generally the presentation layers are, to a good extent, downward compatible with

the application servers, in terms of the version. For e.g., A 4.6 C version GUI wouldbe able to communicate with a 4.5 B version application server.

The messages exchanged between the presentation layer and the application server are

in a SAP proprietary format. The presentation layer is capable of accepting the screen

information sent from the application server, format and generate the screens

appropriately for the platform it is running on.

The database server, as we saw earlier, acts as an interface between the application

server and the RDBMS.

As we know already, the R/3 system does not include the RDBMS. In other words, R/3

is independent ofthe RDBMS. R/3 is operational on a number of commercial RDBMSs.

The vendor specific DB driver resides in the database server.


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Overview of Presentation & Database Servers

The Presentation Server GUI only

At workstation

Very light

Sends requests to application server Obtains screens from application server and displays

The Database Server

Interface between application server and RDBMS

Also holds the vendor specific DB driver


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SAP R/3 Conceptual Areas

The R/3 system, as an application, is conceptually divided into 3 areas.

Namely the application area, the basis area and the development area.This is in being synonymous to the 3 main type of users. Viz., the application

users or the end users, the admin users, popularly called as the basis people

and the developers.

The application area is where users initiate and execute transactions of the

various functional areas of R/3 like Accounting, Human Resources, Logisticsetc.

The basis area is where the basis people or the admin users execute

transactions that are used for monitoring the R/3 system like performance,

database administration, scheduling etc.

The development area is where tools and transactions are available fordevelopers and programmers to create and test ABAP/4 programs. This is

referred to as a developers workbench.


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SAP R/3 Conceptual Areas

SAP ConceptualAreas

ApplicationArea(Initiate and execute

SAP transactions)

(Functional)

BasisArea(The technical

administration of

the system)

(Authorizations/Ids/etc)

DevelopmentArea(1.A developers

workbench

2. Create & TestABAP/4 programs)

(Technical)


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Systems in R3

Development

System

(DC)

Quality

System

(QC)

Production

System

(IC)

Client

110

100 etc..

Transport Request


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Clients in R/3

The SAP client concept allows you to map each customer to one client, without having to install and

administer a separate systems for each customer. This makes it possible for the provider to install a

small nu

mber of SAP Systems, bu

t still cater to a large nu

mber of cu

stomers.C

osts are not only savedby sharing hardware and software, multiple customers also use the same application solution,

including administration and support. But however, to guarantee the secure and reliable co-existence

of customers under a common system umbrella, certain rules and guidelines must be followed.

Basic SAP R/3 and ABAP/4 concepts

We will now brush through a few basic concepts ofthe R/3 System

The Logon Client

The term logon client has nothing to with the Client/Server terminologies. A client in R/3, is a 3 digit numberwhich enables one to maintain multiple independent sets of data within the same R/3 system.

Within the same R/3 system we can have client with range 000 to 999.

The client id is also supplied along with user id and password at the time oflogin.

This means that each client will have an independent set of data. For e.g., when a person logs into client 800, the

data he sees, for e.g., purchase orders or vendor details etc., will not be available when he logs into client 700.

Client mechanism and handling

The client concept is implicitly handled within the same R/3 system.

In the figure illustrated, when a user logs on to client 800 and runs a program that selects the field LIFNRfrom

the table LFA1, the result of that selection would only be two rows though there are 6 rows available in the table.

Similarly, had the user logged on to client 700, the selection would have yielded only 4 rows.

As we see, the client concept is handled using an extra field MANDT in the table to store the client. We need to

note here that the table illustrated here is client-dependent. Which means that the data stored within the table is

dependent on the logon client. But however, an R/3 table can also be client independent i.e., the MANDT field

would not be present in the table and the data contained in the table is same across all clients.


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Clients in R/3

The LogonClient

3 digit number ( 000 to 999)

Helps maintain independent sets of data within the

same R/3 system

Client mechanism and handling


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Clients in R/3

Clients are used to divide data in a SAP System into

various data areas for various purposes. If a company, for

example, wants to use its SAP System for both test and

training purposes, a client is created for each purpose.

A client is identified via a three character code. Data canbe moved via transports and corrections from one client to

another.

When logging on to the system, the user has to select a

client in which he/she wants to work. The user can thenonly access data in this client.

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Clients in R/3

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R/3 Technology Environment

When you use R/3, you are free to choose your technical infrastructure. You determine which

hardware, operating systems, or databases you want to use. The entire gamut of offerings from

the leading international vendors is open to you; you can even plan your IT strategy with various

systems from different manufacturers. Most importantly, the openness of R/3 protects your

investment for the long term. As your company grows, R/3 grows with you. And if you change

your hardware environment, R/3 stays with you on your path of change without jeopardizing

your software investment.

Infinitely expandable:The number of workstations you include with the R/3 in your client/server

solution is determined solely by your individual need. R/3

is infinitely expandable, and can beused just as well in client/server architectures with 30 seats as in installations with 3,000 end-

users. This scalability ensures that R/3 can always grow with your requirements. We offer total

solutions for qualified client/server information processing that combines a variety of products

and services in a smoothly functioning communication network. R/3 incorporates not only system

management, database recovery, and print management, but also network administration and

backup solutions. Our partnerships with hardware manufacturers, database providers, and

technology and service companies play a significant role here.Everything is possible... The benefit: Cooperative client/server processing distributes applications

and computing capabilities almost at will across a number of levels, and systematically takes

advantage of the strengths of different hardware and software components. Whether you use R/3

in two- or three-tier client/server architectures, locally or worldwide,

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R/3 Technology Environment

DB2 forDB2 forOS/390OS/390

ADABAS DADABAS D

DB2 for AIXDB2 for AIXINFORMIXINFORMIX--OnLineOnLine

ORACLEORACLE

Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT,Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT,

OSF/Motif *, OS/2 Presentation Manager (PM),OSF/Motif *, OS/2 Presentation Manager (PM),

Macintosh *, JavaMacintosh *, Java

ADABAS DADABAS D

MS SQL ServerMS SQL ServerINFORMIXINFORMIX--OnLineOnLine

ORACLEORACLE

ABAP/4, C, C++, HTML, JavaABAP/4, C, C++, HTML, Java

DB2 forDB2 forOS/400OS/400

OS/39OS/3900

AIXAIX

Digital UNIXDigital UNIX

HPHP--UXUX

ReliantReliant

UNIX (SINIX)UNIX (SINIX)

SOLARISSOLARIS

Windows NTWindows NT OS/40OS/4000

HardwareHardware Bull/ZenithBull/Zenith

CompaqCompaqData GeneralData General

......

NCRNCR

SequentSequentSNISNI

DigitalDigital

HP (Intel)HP (Intel)IBM (Intel)IBM (Intel)

BullBullDigitalDigital

HPHP

IBMIBMSNISNI

SUNSUN

UNIX SystemsUNIX Systems

IBMIBMAS/400AS/400

OperatingOperatingsystemssystems

DialogDialogSAPGUISAPGUI

LanguagesLanguages

DatabasesDatabases

IBMIBMS/390S/390

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Platforms andDatabases supported by R/3

The R/3 Application server can be installed on multiple operating systems

including Solaris HP Unix, Windows NT and OS/400. And for each ofthese operating systems, multiple hardware platforms are also supported.

The presentation layer GUI is also supported in many operating system

which includesWin 95, Win NT, OS/2 and Macintosh.

The R/3 database server can also be implemented of various RDBMS

includingDB/2, Informix, Oracle and SQL Server.

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Platforms andDatabases supported by R/3

Operating

Systems

Supported

Hardware

Supported Front

ends

Supported

Databases

AIX SINIX IB M SNI SUN Win 3.1/ 95/ NT DB2forAIX

SOLARIS HP-UX DigitalHP OSF/Motif Informix Online

Digital Unix Bull OS/2

Macintosh

Oracle 7.1

ADABAS D

Windows NT AT&T Compaq

Bull/ Zenith

HP(Intel) SNI

IBM(Intel)

Digital(Intel)

Data-General

Win 3.1/ 95/ NT

OSF/Motif

OS/2

Macintosh

Oracle 7.1

SQL Server6.0

ADABAS D

OS/400 AS/400 Win 95OS/2 DB2/400

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Client - Server Technology

Central Database Server

Application Servers

Front-end clientWorkstations.User Interaction

Input DataFrom User

Reading Data Base andUpdating the Buffer Application Logic

Output Datato User

Stores all Data andApplication Program

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Benefits ofSAP R/3

Incorporates 25 years of experience Rich in functionality

International orientation

Tight integration across functions

Highly configurable Highly secure data handling

Seamless handling of database

Minimum data redundancy, maximum datacosistency

Capitalize an economies of scale, e.g. Purchasing

Business practices world wide are incorporated

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SAP R/3 Modules

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SAP Modules & SAP Product

Portfolio

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SAP Modules

Let us see a few ofthe R/3 Modules in brief

Financial Accounting

Financial Accounting is designed for automated management and external reporting of general

ledger, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other sub-ledger accounts with a user defined

chart of accounts. As entries are made relating to sales production and payments journal entries are

automatically posted. This connection means that the "books" are designed to reflect the real

situation.

Controlling

Controlling represents the company's flow of cost and revenue. It is a management instrument fororganizational decisions. It is also automatically updated as events occur.

Assets Management

Asset Management is designed to manage and supervise individual aspects of fixed assets including

purchase and sale of assets, depreciation and investment management.

Sales and Distribution

Sales and Distribution helps to optimize all the tasks and activities carried out in sales, delivery and

billing. The key elements are; pre-sales support, inquiry processing, quotation processing, sales

order processing, delivery processing, billing and sales information system.

Materials Management

Materials Management supports the procurement and inventory functions occurring in day-to-day

business operations such as purchasing, inventory management, reorder point processing, etc.

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SAP Modules

Production Planning

Production Planning is used to plan and control the manufacturing activities of a company. This module

includes; bills of material, routings, work centers, sales and operations planning, master productionscheduling, material requirements planning, shop floor control, production orders, product costing, etc

Quality Management

Quality Management is a quality control and information system supporting quality planning, inspection, and

control for manufacturing and procurement.

Plant Maintenance

In a complex manufacturing process, maintenance means more than sweeping the floors. Equipment must be

services and rebuilt. These tasks affect the production plans. Plant Maintenance module supports and

supervises these maintenance.

Warehouse Management

Warehouse Management provides flexible, automated support to assist in processing all goods movements and

in maintaining current stockinventories in the warehousing complex.

Human Resources

Human Resources is a complete integrated system for supporting the planning and control of personnelactivities.

Workflow

Workflow is a solution which has been integrated fully in the R/3 System and which enables customer-specific

business process flows to be coordinated and controlled on a cross-application and cross-workplace basis.

Project System

Project System is designed to support the planning, control and monitoring of long-term, highly complex

projects with defined goals.

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R/3R/3Central RepositoryCentral Repository

of Informationof Information

FIFIFinancialFinancial

AccountingAccounting

COCOControllingControlling

AMAMFixed AssetsFixed Assets

Mgmt..Mgmt..

PSPSProjectProjectSystemSystem

WFWFWorkflowWorkflow

ISISIndustryIndustry

SolutionsSolutions

MMMMMaterialsMaterials

Mgmt..Mgmt..

HRHRHumanHuman

ResourcesResources

SDSDSales &Sales &DistributionDistribution

PPPPProductionProductionPlanningPlanning

QMQMQualityQuality

ManageManage--mentment PMPM

Plant MainPlant Main--tenancetenance

OrderMgmt.

Shipping/ Transportation

Billing/ Invoicing

Sales Support

Sales Information

MRPPurchasing

GoodsMovementsInvoice Verification

InventoryMgmtWarehouseMgmt.

VendorEvaluationPurchasing Information

SalesPlanning(SOP)

ProductionPlanning

MRP/MRP2

Forecasting

CapacityPlanningProduction Activity

Costing

ProjectManagement

QualityPlanning

Quality Inspection

Quality Control

QualityDocumentation

Quality Information

Maintenance &InspectionPlanning

ProcessingofplantMaint.orders

Mgmt.ofcompletionconfirmations

HistoryMgmt.

PlantMaintenance Info.

Payroll WorkforcePlanning

TimeMgmt. Training Admin.

TravelExpense Actg. OrganizationMgmt.

Benefits PersonnelPlanning

Recruitment Personnel Admin.

Resultofthe ICOEs

Industryspecificfunctionality

Automate BusinessProcesses

SupportsallModules

FundsMgmt.

ResourceMgmt.

Quality Control

TimeMgmt.

Technical Asset.Mgmt.Investment Control

Traditional Asset Actg.InvestmentMgmt.

CostElement Actg..Cost CenterActg.Activity Based CostingActivities & Services

CostingOrderandProject Actg.

GeneralLedger

AccountsReceivable

AccountsPayable

CashManagement

Financial Controlling

Consolidation

Financial AssetsMgmt.

Inter-company Accounting

Foreign Currencies & Taxation

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SOP

Demand mgmt/MPS

MRP

Capacity planning/planning table

Production controlCosting

Information system

Process control/control system

SAP R/3 Functions

Customer

Supplier

Sales

Shipping

Billing

Purchasing

Warehouse

Invoiceverification

Projects

Networks

Prev. maint.

Repairs

Plant maint.Service mgmt

Inspection plg

Inspection

process

PPPP

SDSD

MMMM

PSPS

PMPM

QMQM

FIFI COCO HRFinancialaccounting

Costaccounting

Labor

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SAP

Systems Applications products

Network AdministrationTrouble Shooting etc.,

ABAP, CABI etc.,

SDFI/COMM

PPHREtc.,

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New Dimensional

Products CRM - Customer Relationship Mgmt SCM Supply Chain Mgmt

SEM Strategic Enterprise Mgmt

APO Advanced Planning Optimizer

SRM Supplier Relationship Mgmt BI (Business Intelligence) earlier BIW

e-SCM (Electronic Supply Chain Management )

XI (Exchange Interface)

EP (Enterprise Portal)

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mySAP Industry Solutions (Some Examples)

Industry solution is the latest value proposition of SAP to

customer. Industry solutions are aimed at addressing thespecific business process areas of different industriesdifferently, hence pre-customizing the package for genericindustry purpose. Through its industry solutions, SAP

addresses the unique core processes of more than 25distinct industries. Combined with industry-specificapplications and best business practices, all industrysolution sets use and build upon mySAP Business Suitesolutions, powered by the SAP NetWeaver platform.

SAP currently around 27 Industry solutions. Some of thekey verticals are listed below:

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mySAP Industry Solutions (Some Examples)

SAP for Aerospace & Defense

SAP for Media

SAP for Automotive

SAP for Mill Products

SAP for Banking

SAP for Mining

SAP forChemicals

SAP for Oil & Gas

SAP forConsumer Products

SAP for Pharmaceuticals

SAP for Engineering,Construction & Operations

SAP for Professional Services

SAP for Healthcare

SAP for Public Sector

SAP for High Tech

SAP for Retail

SAP for Higher Education & Research

SAP for Service Providers

SAP for Industrial Machinery &Components

SAP for Telecommunications

SAP for Insurance

SAP for Utilities

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Integration

R/3 modules are well integrated frombusiness perspective compared to thetraditional system of business where

bu

sinessu

nits doesnt talk to each other.

Shared Master data Modules

G/L accounts

FI/SD/MM/PP/CO/AM/HR Customer Master Records FI/SD

Vendor Master Records FI/MM/PP

Material Master Records SD/MM/PP/WM

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Sap R/3 Benefits of

Integration Integrated processes, data and organizational

elements

Operational, financial and managerial principalsare satisfied simultaneously

Common database

Application integration

One point of data entry Consistency for the user across applications

Technical integration On-line interactive edit and update Elimination of redundant data

Data integrity

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ASAP Methodology

(Accelerated SAP)

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Accelerated SAP: The 5-phase Roadmap

Accelerated SAP is a comprehensive solution for the

implementation of the R/3 System, comprising a proven

methodology, tools and a range of services for the rapid

implementation and ongoing optimization of R/3 installations

It provides a standard implementation "how-to guide" that fills in

the gaps of diverse methodologies and varying individual

implementation skills and experiences.

It is essential that you create a project plan when starting your

ASAP implementation project.

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Accelerated SAP: The 5-phase Roadmap

ASAP is proven, repeatable and successful approach to implement SAPsolutions across industries and customer environments.

ASAP provides content, tools and expertise from thousands of successfulimplementations.

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Training, Licensing training material,

Support, Project reviews

Methodology

Services

Project

Management

Change

Management

Risk analysis

Review

Project-related

knowledgeTools

ProjectPreparati

on BusinessBlueprint

Realization

FinalPreparation Go Live &

Support

Continuous

Improvement

ASAP Roadmap

Implementation

Assistant

Q&A db

Implementation

Guide

Transport

System

SAP Project Implementation Methodology

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Phase 1: Project Preparation - Provides initial planning and preparation for your R/3 project.

Phase 2: Business Blueprint - In this phase, you create the Business Blueprint, which is detailed

documentation of the results gathered during requirements workshops. Furthermore, the Business

Blueprint serves to document the business process requirements of the company. On this basis, you

will achieve a common understanding of how the company intends to run their business within the

R/3 System.

Phase 3: Realization - In this phase, you implement all the business and process requirements based

on the Business Blueprint. You configure the system step by step in two work packages, Baselineand Final configuration.

Phase 4: Final Preparation - In this phase, you complete testing, end user training, system

management and cutover activities to finalize your readiness to go live. Furthermore, the Final

Preparation phase serves to resolve all critical open issues. Upon successful completion of this phase,

you will be ready to run your business in your live R/3 System.Phase 5: Go Live and Support - Transition from a project-oriented, pre-production environment to

successful and live production operation.

Continuous Improvement - Provide on-going support and assistance for post go-live. It covers

solutions for those activities which are standard in a productive environment: Business changes;

technology changes; or changes in the user community.

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The steering committee consists of those people from the board of directors

initiating and sponsoring the project and the committee has ultimate authority

over which direction the project takes.

Project management is responsible for the R/3 implementation project as a

whole. Project management plans the project (budgets, deadlines, personnel,

functions), resolves conflicts and delivers status reports to the steering

committee.

Project coordination is responsible for standardization and marketing the projectwithin the company. In addition, the responsibility for project logistics belongs to

the project coordinators.

Development creates process and technical designs for the project in

cooperation with the other areas and is responsible for actual implementation.

Planning, carrying out and reviewing testing all falls into the area of qualityassurance.

Technical support is responsible for clearing away all technical obstacles to

implementation (server downtime, transport problems, database problems, etc.).

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SAP Consultant Roles


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SAP Consultant Roles

Technical Consultants: ABAPers:Upload the data from legacy to R/3

system by using BDC, LSMW.Managements User-exits, Screen, Menu

and field-exits. Reports.

Functional Consultants: SD, MM, PP, FI/CO. IMG tool used by

Functional Consultant

Techno Funct. Consultants: Those who are having both Technical

and Functional Knowledge.

Multi-Functional Consultants: Those who are having knowledge in

different Modules.

Basis Consultant: Administration and Security

consultants of Systems and Network

Core Team Members: Those who involve with SAP ConsultantPower User (Top User): Those will be extra authorizations like

DM, CEO, NSM and Managers.

End users: who operate real time transactions.

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Role of a SAP Functional Consultant

A f

unctional cons

ultant eval

uates the demands in talking with the c

ustomer'srepresentatives, transforms the essence into an abstract and algorithmic

business model. Hence, he identifies the use cases and transforms them intological and technical views.

Then the main task starts: customizing the respective business area andmaking sure the system reacts in the manner according to the constraints ofthe requested use case.

The consultant documents the settings and prepares proper guidelines that

allow other consultants to do further changes or repairs with due efforts. The consultant takes care that proper training is given to the users and that

the system is usable, performing appropriately and the business flow iscomplete and correct.

During go live he assists the technical staff by testing the behavior of thesystem.

After go live he guarantees that the procedures remain usable and consistentin real live situation and proposes enhancements.

The main duty of a consultant is to transfer external know-how to the client. Itis not manpower that counts but intelligence, understanding of processes, afeeling for defects and general a common sense.

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Implementations


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Implementations

Types of Projects going on:

Implementation (Bing Bang)

Roll outs (Phase Wise)

Production support and

MaintenanceWays to Implement:

There are two main implementation approaches:

Roll Out: inclusion of subsequent releases and/or locations in separate systems.

Roll In: inclusion of subsequent releases and/or locations in same systems.

Both focus on implementation at one location or one area

of functionality, followed by subsequent implementation of other sites and/or functional

areas

The alternative to Roll Out and Roll In is Big Bang

Generally only considered for small (


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Navigation in SAP

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Logging into SAP R/3


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LOGON ICON

LOGON PAD

Double

Click

Select Server[Click]

Click onLog On Button

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EnterClient,User andPassword

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Press Enter

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SAP Easy Accessand

Screen Components

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SAP Easy Access andScreen

Components

DefinitionEasy Access is a Standard Entry Screenwhich is displayed after Logon

Usage

Easy Access will have SAP Menuwhich has a

Tree Structure to reach a TransactionSAP Menu

Easy Access is used by all the Users likeConsultants, end Users for reaching aTransaction and carrying out activities

StandardScreen

Structure

All the Screens in SAP R/3 have SAP Menu,Stnd. Tool Bar, Title Bar, Application Tool Bar,and Status Bar

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y p

StatusStatusBarBar

ApplicatioApplicatio

n Tool Barn Tool Bar

TitlTitlee

BarBar

MenMenuu

BarBar

StandardStandardTool BarTool Bar

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Sap Menu withTree Structure

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Menu Tree expanded to navigateand reach a Transaction

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Transaction Code

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Transaction Code

Definition T-Code is a short path to reach a Transaction

CommandField

T-Code for creating a Quotation is VA21Example

for T-Code

Command Field, located on Standard ToolBar is used for entering T-Code

Examplefor Path

Logisticsp SDp Salesp QuotationpCreate

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Transaction Code


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Comman

CommanddFieldField

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Transaction Code


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Transaction Code

TransactioTransaction Coden Code

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IMG - Implementation Guide

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IMG Implementation Guide

Definition

IMG is the Customizing Screen used by all theConsultants forConfiguring BusinessProcesses

Effects

Easy Accessp Toolsp Customizingp IMGp Edit ProjectPath

Configurations are reflected in Easy Access

T-Code T-Code used for reaching IMG is SPRO

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Enter T-CodeAnd

press enter

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Click

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p

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Overview

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SDWhat for ?

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Not unlike the procure to pay process, this is completely

configurable. You decide how you want the order to cash process towork and configure the system appropriately

May start with Sales Order

Check inventory If you do not have inventory procurement process

or production processPick materials: from inventory

Pack material: (optional) pack in box appropriate box or other Post

Goods Issue (Title transfer)

Invoice Customer CreateAccounts Receivable

Collect Money

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Sales Order

Entry

Post Goods

Issue

Invoice

Customer

Pick

Materials

Receipt of

Customer Payment

Pack

Materials

Check

Availability

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SD - Features Real-time Available To Promise (ATP) & scheduling

Comprehensive, flexible pricing architecture

Highly customizable order processing Support for multi-national and multi-site distribution

Integration with financials and materials management

Routing/shipping/Transportation

Foreign exchange

Sales document type and status are client defined Sales document templates

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Sales

Shipping

Billing

TransportDelivery

Debit

Memo

Credit

MemoInvoice

Sales

OrderReturns

Scheduling

Agreement

Subsequent

Delv.FreeofCharge

Rush

Order

Contract

Inquiry

Quotation

Sales

Activities

SIS

CAS

M

M

FI

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Referen

ce: Websites for reference:

www.sap.com -> Official site of SAP

http://help.sap.com -> for complete documentationon SAP

http://www.erpgenie.com -> Help sites

Forums for discussions:

http:// www.financialsforum.com

www.sapfans.com

https: // for ums.sdn.sap.com

https: // www.sdn.sap.com

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Need to attend all the classes regularly Practice the topics covered in the class daily

Realize the assignments given in the class

Read the information given in the class on the same

day Read SAP SD by Glenn Williams, SAP

Documentation etc.

Interact with others

Take the tests and evaluate yourself forimprovements etc.

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Remember Mastering SAP-SD

Module is2% inspiration

and

98% perspiration

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SAPAlso means

Sit And Practice

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Queries Please Queries Please

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sd training demo stu

Documents