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CODE OF STATE REGULATIONS 1ROBIN CARNAHAN (7/31/10)Secretary of State

Rules of

Department of Natural ResourcesDivision 23—Division of Geology and Land Survey

Chapter 3—Well Construction Code

Title Page

10 CSR 23-3.010 Location of Wells ...............................................................................3

10 CSR 23-3.020 General Protection of Groundwater Quality and Resources .............................3

10 CSR 23-3.025 Public Water Supply—Notification to Division............................................4

10 CSR 23-3.030 Standards for Construction of Wells.........................................................4

10 CSR 23-3.040 Well Casing Seals and Connections........................................................14

10 CSR 23-3.050 Pump Installation..............................................................................14

10 CSR 23-3.060 Certification and Registration Reports.....................................................17

10 CSR 23-3.070 Plastic Well Casing ...........................................................................17

10 CSR 23-3.080 Liners ...........................................................................................20

10 CSR 23-3.090 Regionalization ................................................................................23

10 CSR 23-3.100 Sensitive Areas ................................................................................26

10 CSR 23-3.110 Plugging of Wells .............................................................................37

Title 10—DEPARTMENT OFNATURAL RESOURCES

Division 23—Division of Geology andLand Survey

Chapter 3—Well ConstructionCode

10 CSR 23-3.010 Location of Wells

Editor’s Note: Area maps mentioned in therule may be found following 10 CSR 23-3.110.

PURPOSE: This rule sets criteria as to theareas a well should be placed.

(1) A well shall be located consistent with thegeneral layout and surrounding area givingdue consideration of the size of the lot, con-tour of the land, the water table, soil deposits,rock formation, local groundwater conditionsand other factors necessary to implement thebasic policies that follow:

(A) A well shall be—1. Located on a site which has good sur-

face drainage and, if possible, at a higher ele-vation than possible sources of contamina-tion. The top of the casing shall extend atleast one foot (1') above the finished surfacegrade;

2. Located so that the well and its sur-rounding area can be kept in a sanitary con-dition and provide ready access for repairs,maintenance and inspection;

3. Adequately sized, designed anddeveloped for the intended use;

4. Constructed so as to maintain existingnatural protection against pollution of water-bearing formations and to exclude all knownsources of contamination from the wellincluding sources of contamination fromadjacent property;

5. Located so that proper drainage in thevicinity of the well shall be provided so as toprevent the accumulation and ponding of sur-face water within ten feet (10') of the well;and

6. If at all possible, located in areas thatdo not flood. If no reasonable alternative siteexists, wells may be constructed in flood-plains provided special construction is includ-ed. The casing of the well shall terminate notless than two feet (2') above the maximumknown floodwater elevation or when floodingis eminent, well vent must be sealed and welldiscontinued from operation until floodwatersubsides.

(2) Lateral distances from Pollution orContamination Sources.

(A) A well shall be at least—1. Three hundred feet (300') from a

storage area for commercial fertilizers orchemicals, landfill, lagoon, above ground orunderground storage, tank distribution lines

for liquid petroleum, petroleum products orchemicals. Petroleum or petroleum productsthat are not liquid at standard temperaturesand pressure are exempt from these set-backrequirements;

2. Three hundred feet (300') from earth-en, concrete or other manure storage struc-tures or lagoons, from land application areasfor domestic or animal waste and from ani-mal composting facilities except as stated inparagraph (2)(A)4. of this rule;

3. One hundred feet (100') fromcesspools and unplugged abandoned wells,except as noted in paragraph (2)(A)6. of thisrule;

4. One hundred feet (100') from a sub-surface disposal field, grave, single familylagoon, building or yard used for livestock orpoultry, bird composting facility constructedwith a concrete floor cell design covered witha roof, dry litter storage within a poultrybuilding as accumulation of litter occurs dur-ing normal facility operations, privy or othercontaminants that may drain into the soil;

5. Fifty feet (50') from a buried sewer,septic tank or sewer holding tank, a pit orunfilled space below ground surface, a sump,an existing operating well, except that a wellmay be drilled closer than fifty feet (50') to abasement and an above ground petroleumstorage tank if it is necessary for the opera-tion of the well pump;

6. Wells with casings less than eightyfeet (80') in depth and not encountering atleast ten feet (10') of impervious materialshall be located at least one hundred fifty feet(150') from cesspools and unplugged aban-doned wells and at least one hundred fiftyfeet (150') from a subsurface disposal field,and septic tank, manure storage pile or simi-lar source of contamination. For example, amanure storage pile would be considered as apotential source of contamination to the well;however, the presence of animals in open pas-ture in an area would not necessarily concen-trate contaminants to the degree that wouldcause contaminants to enter the groundwater;and

7. Ten feet (10') from the right-of-wayof any federal, state or county road.

(B) Waste landfill or lagoons. The safe dis-tance that a well should be located from awaste landfill or waste stabilization ponds(lagoon) cannot be assigned a fixed numberbecause of the varieties of hydrologic andgeologic parameters associated with theundetermined types and amounts of materialsthat may be carried by groundwater fromleachates discharged from the waste landfillor waste stabilization ponds (lagoon). It isrecommended that wells not be located in anarea between the landfill or waste stabiliza-

tion ponds (lagoons) sites and the point ofgroundwater discharge to a surface watersource. Any well that may intercept leachatesfrom a waste landfill or waste stabilizationpond (lagoon) by water withdrawal from thewell shall not be used for human consump-tion and must be plugged unless it is used fora monitoring well.

(C) Irrigation wells require increased set-backs and shall be at least two hundred feet(200') from—

1. Sewer lines, septic tanks, lateralfields, pit privy, seepage pits, feed lots, barn-yards, fuel, fertilizer and pesticide storage.Fuel, fertilizer and pesticide tanks up to onethousand gallons (1000 gals.) in capacity willbe allowed at well while irrigating and chemi-gating but must be removed from well sitewhen not is use; and

2. Any well producing potable water.

AUTHORITY: sections 256.606 and 256.626,RSMo 1994.* Original rule filed April 2,1987, effective July 27, 1987. Emergencyamendment filed Nov. 16, 1993, effectiveDec. 11, 1993, expired April 9, 1994.Amended: Filed Aug. 17, 1993, effectiveMarch 10, 1994. Amended: Filed Nov. 1,1995, effective June 30, 1996.

*Original authority: 256.606, RSMo 1991 and 256.626,RSMo 1985, amended 1991.

10 CSR 23-3.020 General Protection ofGroundwater Quality and Resources

PURPOSE: This rule is for the overall pro-tection of water quality and resources inMissouri.

(1) Reuse of Water, Disposal, Recharge orGas Storage Wells.

(A) A well for the storage of gas or liquidunder pressure may not be drilled withoutfirst having secured a permit from theDepartment of Natural Resources in accor-dance with the Missouri Statutes.

(B) Water used for cooling parts ofengines, air compressors or other equipmentshall not be returned to any part of thegroundwater system. A well shall not be usedfor disposal or injection of any substance,including surface water, groundwater or anyliquid, gas or chemical associated with thedrilling of an oil or gas well, including coalbed methane wells, without first receiving apermit from the Underground Injection Control Program’s rules and 10 CSR 50-2,Oil and Gas Council, Oil and Gas Drillingand Production. A permit through theDivision of Environmental Quality, WaterPollution Control Program may be required.


Chapter 3—Well Construction Code 10 CSR 23-3

(C) A well previously used for storage ofgas or liquid under pressure may not be con-verted to a well used for water supply.

(2) Maintenance and Repair of Wells. (A) Every well shall be maintained by the

owner in a condition where it will conserveand protect the groundwater resources andwhere it will not be a source or channel ofcontamination or pollution to the water sup-ply of that well or any aquifer.

(B) All materials used in maintenance,replacement or repair of any well subject tothese rules shall meet the requirement ofthese rules for new installation.

(C) Broken, punctured or otherwise defec-tive or unserviceable casing, screens, fix-tures, seals or any part of the wellhead shallbe repaired or replaced. The well shall beplugged in accordance with the requirementsof these rules if that repair or replacement isnot performed.

(D) Repairs to wells originally completedwith the wellhead terminating below ground(buried seal) should include extending thewell casing one foot (1') above the finishedsurface grade. The casing extension materialmust be of similar material to the originalcasing (for example, steel to steel and plasticto plastic). On steel casing the joint must bewelded, coupled or threaded. On plastic cas-ing, the joint must be glued or fused. Alljoints and extensions must be sealed to pre-vent contamination from entering the ground-water. Sealing material must not be a con-taminant such as tar. When this type of repairto a well is completed, it must not move at thejoint under normal operating conditions. Theuse of devices specially designed to join dis-similar casing materials together will be con-sidered on a case-by-case basis by the divi-sion. Approval must be received in advance.

(3) Cross connections between wells andother systems or equipment containing wateror other substances of unknown or question-able safety, including pesticides and fertiliz-ers, are prohibited, except where equippedwith a suitable protective device such as abreak tank or backflow preventer which isapproved by the division and which the owneragrees to install, test and maintain to assureproper operation.

(4) All other wells except those specificallyexempted by the law shall be constructed andmaintained in accordance with standardsfrom the division.

AUTHORITY: sections 256.606, 256.614,256.615 and 256.626, RSMo Supp. 1991.*Original rule filed April 2, 1987, effective

July 27, 1987. Emergency amendment filedNov. 16, 1993, effective Dec. 11, 1993,expired April 9, 1994. Amended: Filed Aug.17, 1993, effective March 10, 1994.

*Original authority: 256.606, RSMo 1991; 256.614,RSMo 1985, amended 1991; 256.615, RSMo 1991; and256.626, RSMo 1985, amended 1991.

10 CSR 23-3.025 Public Water Supply—Notification to Division

PURPOSE: This rule establishes require-ments regarding notification by a publicwater supplier to the division when a well isto be abandoned in order to connect a struc-ture to a public water supply system.

(1) Public water supplier notification require-ments concerning abandoned wells (as statedin section 256.628, RSMo).

(A) A public water supplier subject to theprovisions of Chapter 640, RSMo which con-nects to any structure or location previouslyserviced by any well which is not that ofanother public water supplier shall notify thewell owner of his/her obligation to plug anyabandoned well pursuant to the requirementsof section 256.628, RSMo. The public watersupplier shall not connect any person to thepublic water system until the person submitsinformation which identifies the location ofwells and attests that—

1. Existing well will remain in use andwill be properly plugged when no longerused;

2. Known abandoned wells on the prop-erty have been plugged;

3. There are no known abandoned wellson the property; or

4. Any abandoned wells will be pluggedwithin ninety (90) days.

(B) The public water supplier shall submita copy of information to the division withinsixty (60) days of connection on forms pro-vided by the division, along with sufficientinformation to enable the division to locateexisting and abandoned wells. The divisionshall inspect, within a reasonable time, anywell identified in paragraph (1)(A)4. of thisrule. If the division determines that an aban-doned well has not been plugged, it shallorder the owner to have it plugged by a per-mitted well installation contractor or permit-ted pump installation contractor within thirty(30) days. The division shall immediatelyseek injunctive relief through the office of theprosecuting attorney of the county where thealleged violation occurred to enforce its orderand shall notify the appropriate public watersupplier who shall terminate water service tothe property thirty (30) days after receipt of

notice if the well has not been plugged. Anyperson who fails to plug an abandoned wellpursuant to the provisions of this subsectionshall be subject, upon conviction, to thepenalties specified in section 256.637,RSMo.

AUTHORITY: sections 256.606 and 256.628,RSMo Supp. 1991.* Original rule filed Aug.17, 1993, effective March 10, 1994.Amended: Filed July 13, 1994, effective Jan.29, 1995.

*Original authority: 256.606, RSMo 1991 and 256.628,RSMo 1991.

10 CSR 23-3.030 Standards for Construc-tion of Wells

PURPOSE: This rule describes the minimumstandards for a properly constructed well butdoes not apply to community or noncommu-nity public water supply wells. It is the obli-gation and responsibility of the driller to con-struct community and noncommunity wellsfollowing procedures set forth by the MissouriPublic Drinking Water rules.

PUBLISHER’S NOTE: The secretary of statehas determined that the publication of theentire text of the material which is incorpo-rated by reference as a portion of this rulewould be unduly cumbersome or expensive.Therefore, the material which is so incorpo-rated is on file with the agency who filed thisrule, and with the Office of the Secretary ofState. Any interested person may view thismaterial at either agency’s headquarters orthe same will be made available at the Officeof the Secretary of State at a cost not toexceed actual cost of copy reproduction. Theentire text of the rule is printed here. Thisnote refers only to the incorporated by refer-ence material.

(1) Casing for Permanent Wells. Steel wellcasing used for the outside casing must benew and shall be of at least six-inch (6")nominal size (6.625 outside diameter in inch-es, actual dimensions), thirteen pounds (13lbs.) per foot, 0.188 wall thickness. Coatedcasings are permitted as long as they are nota source of contamination to the groundwater.Larger diameter casing shall have minimumweights and thicknesses as specified in subsection (1)(G) of this rule. Concrete cas-ing is permitted for use. Casing for perma-nent wells shall be of ferrous material, orwhere permitted by rule, plastic or concretematerial. For ferrous pipe, the specificationsand installation procedures are prescribed asfollows. For plastic pipe, the specifications

4 CODE OF STATE REGULATIONS (7/31/10) ROBIN CARNAHAN

Secretary of State

10 CSR 23-3—DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Division 23—Division of Geology and Land Survey



and installations procedures are prescribed in10 CSR 23-3.070.

(A) Casing Joints. A protective well casingshall have watertight joints throughout itslength. The joints shall be made by beingcontinuously welded, threaded or other typesof joints given written approval by the divi-sion. Tongue and groove type of joints areacceptable for concrete casings. Recessed orreamed and drifted couplings shall be used onthreaded casing, or as an alternate, other cou-plings can be used but the design, taper andtype of thread of the coupling shall match thatof the pipe. Other casing design or materialsshall be approved only by official writtenorder of the division.

(B) Standard for Pipe. Pipe used as the cas-ing in the permanent construction of a wellshall be new pipe produced to recognizedstandards of the American Society for Testingand Materials, A53 grade A or B, A500grade A or B, or A589 or other grade weld-able new pipe having a quality equal to orgreater than those specified. New pipe, whensalvaged within thirty (30) days of the drillingof a well for water supply may be used as newpipe if still in new condition and must bedecontaminated.

(C) Inside Casing Diameter. Under no con-dition shall the casing inside diameter be lessthan six inches (6") unless specificallyexempted in 10 CSR 23-3 except for a drivenwell point or jetted well which shall beequipped with a casing pipe of at least oneand one-fourth inches (1 1/4") inside diame-ter. The well shall also be of sufficient diam-eter to receive a pump or pumping apparatusof sufficient size to discharge the designcapacity including anticipated decline inwater levels.

(D) Vertical Extension. A well casing or itsextension shall extend vertically at least onefoot (1') above the finished surface grade. Ifthe well is located in a floodplain see 10 CSR23-3.010(1)(A)6. for requirements.

(E) A table of minimum specifications forsteel casing for domestic, multifamily, highyield and unconsolidated material irrigationwells and bedrock irrigation wells follows: (Avariance must be obtained in advance fromthe division to install casing not on thistable.)


Secretary of State


STEEL CASING TABLE

Domestic and Multi-Family Well

Nominal Pipe Size Outside Diameter Wall ThicknessIn Inches In Inches In Inches Weight/Foot

6 6.625 .188 13 lbs.

High Yield and Bedrock Irrigation Well

Nominal Pipe Size Outside Diameter Wall Thickness In Inches In Inches In Inches Weight/Foot

6 6.625 .280 19 lb.8 8.625 .322 29 lb.

10 10.75 .365 40 lb.12 12.75 .375 50 lb.14 14.00 .375 55 lb.16 16.00 .375 63 lb.18 18.00 .375 71 lb.20 20.00 .375 79 lb.22 22.00 .500 115 lb.24 24.00 .500 125 lb.26 26.00 .500 136 lb.28 28.00 .500 147 lb.30 30.00 .500 158 lb.32 32.00 .500 168 lb.34 34.00 .500 179 lb.36 36.00 .500 190 lb.

Unconsolidated Material Irrigation Well

Nominal Pipe Size Outside Diameter Wall Thickness In Inches In Inches In Inches Weight/Foot

6 6.625 .188 13 lb.8 8.625 .188 17 lb.

10 10.75 .188 21 lb.12 12.75 .188 25 lb.14 14.00 .188 28 lb.16 16.00 .188 32 lb.

(2) Minimum Protective Depths of WellCasing. All wells shall be watertight to suchdepth as may be necessary to exclude con-taminants. A well shall be constructed so asto seal off formations that are likely to pose athreat to the aquifer or human health.Requirements will be fulfilled to the mini-mum extent when the protective casing hasbeen installed in conformity with the applica-ble construction set forth in 10 CSR 23-3.030–10 CSR 23-3.110. Sections (17)–(20)state the amount of grout needed to fill theminimum required amount of annular spacein the different areas across Missouri. Whereit is not feasible to follow the standards con-tained in this part, the permittee shall obtainapproval of the division as to the design of thewell before proceeding. The acceptability ofthe formation for well development shall bebased on the satisfactory results of analysis ofthe water. Any water-bearing formation yield-ing water which is contaminated, as evi-denced by the presence of chemicals or bac-teria which may be harmful, shall be regard-ed as unsatisfactory for use as a potable sup-ply unless adequate treatment is provided.The division will decide acceptable watertreatment measures only after all well con-struction remedies have been exhausted.

(3) Grouting.(A) Grouting Required for Wells. It is the

obligation and responsibility of the wellinstallation contractor to ensure that theannular space is sealed and that the casingdoes not leak. This obligation and responsi-bility ends three (3) years after the date ofcertification unless it can be shown that thewell seal has been damaged by other persons.The following is a list of approved groutingmethods:

1. Gravity installation method. Thegrout is poured into the annular space with-out the use of a tremie or grout pipe. Cementor bentonite slurry may never be pouredthrough standing water without the use of atremie pipe. The Gravity Grouting Table is atable which states the minimum requirementsconcerning the depth that grout can be gravi-ty fed in wells that have an annulus from oneinch to two inches (1"–2"). This table reflectsthe use of actual drill bit sizes and a six andfive-eighths-inch (6 5/8") outside diametercasing. Nominal sizes may not be used whendetermining the annular space. Contact thedivision for instructions concerning groutingwells with larger than a two-inch (2") annu-lus. Note: When using plastic casing, a larg-er hole is recommended due to the belled cas-ing ends reducing the annular space.

Gravity Grouting Table

Outside Diameter AnnularSize Hole of Space Gravity Feed(inches) Casing (inches) (inches) Depth (feet)

8 5/8 6 5/8 1 1008 3/4 6 5/8 1 1/16 1068 7/8 6 5/8 1 1/8 1129 6 5/8 1 3/16 1199 1/8 6 5/8 1 1/4 1259 1/4 6 5/8 1 5/16 1319 3/8 6 5/8 1 3/8 1379 1/2 6 5/8 1 7/16 1449 5/8 6 5/8 1 1/2 1509 3/4 6 5/8 1 9/16 1569 7/8 6 5/8 1 5/8 162

10 6 5/8 1 11/16 16910 1/8 6 5/8 1 3/4 17510 1/4 6 5/8 1 13/16 18110 3/8 6 5/8 1 7/8 18710 1/2 6 5/8 1 15/16 19310 5/8 6 5/8 2 200

2. Tremie method. In this method thegrout is placed in the annular space by grav-ity through a tremie or grout pipe suspendedin the annular space. The tremie pipe isplaced into the annulus and extends to withinfive feet (5') from the bottom of the intervalto be grouted. The grout is added into thetremie pipe which should remain submergedin the grouting material during the entire timethe grout is being placed. The tremie pipe isgradually withdrawn as the grouting materialis placed or may be removed after the annu-lar space is full and before the grout sets;

3. Pressure grouting through tremiemethod. For this method the same procedureis followed as described in the tremiemethod, except the grout is pumped into thetremie pipe instead of placed by gravity flow;

4. Pressure grouting through the casingmethod. Instead of using a tremie pipe placedin the annular space a grout pump is attachedto the top of the casing and grout pumpedthrough the casing and allowed to fill theannular space from the bottom. Pumpingcontinues until grout reaches the surface ofthe annular space. Grout must be allowed toset up before drilling continues;

5. Open-hole method. Grout is pouredinto the drill hole from the surface andallowed to fill the drill hole to the requiredlevel. Note: Much more grout is required tofill the bottom thirty feet (30') of drill holewhen using the open-hole method. See 10CSR 23-3.030(17)–(20) for specific amounts.Then the casing is placed into the drill holethrough the grouting material. This methodmay not be used if water is standing in thedrill hole unless grout is placed by one (1) ofthe tremie grouting methods or if bentonitechips are used, they must be allowed to com-pletely hydrate before the casing is pushedinto the grout;

6. Positive displacement method. Casingis set into the borehole to a point about fivefeet (5') above the casing point. Grout ispoured into the well casing followed by adrillable plug. This is designed to push allgrout to the bottom of the well. If there iswater in the borehole and bentonite or cementslurry is used it must be emplaced via a trem-ie to the bottom of the borehole. The plug ispushed to the bottom of the casing forcing thegrout down the inside of the casing and up theannular space. The casing is then set into thebottom of the drill hole; and

7. Other grouting methods must beapproved by the division in advance.

(4) Approved Grouting Methods.(A) Neat Cement Grout. Neat cement

grout is a mixture of one (1) bag, ninety-fourpounds (94 lbs.) of Portland cement (ASTMC150) to not more than six (6) gallons ofclean water. Bentonite, up to six percent (6%)by weight of cement to reduce shrinkage orother additives (ASTM C688) to reduce per-meability or control time of set or both, maybe used. If bentonite is used, additional watershould be added to the mix.

(B) Bentonite Grout. Sodium bentonite(swelling clay) is available in many formsfrom granules to pellets to chips. Whengrouting annular spaces with nonslurry ben-tonite, great care must be exercised to ensurethe bentonite is placed properly. Flashswelling may occur and bridge off the annu-lar space preventing an adequate seal whenusing powdered, granular, tablets or pel-letized bentonite. Therefore, only bentonitespecifically designed to prevent flash hydra-tion and to fall through standing water may beused. Chipped or pelletized bentonite maynot be used in annular spaces less than oneinch (1"). Bentonite must be applied slowerthan manufacturer’s specifications. If there isno water in the annular space, the bentonitemust be hydrated after each bag or waterpoured into the hole before application of thebentonite.

(C) Bentonite Slurry Grout. Sodium ben-tonite slurry grout is a bentonite/water mix-ture. There are many additives available thateffect viscosity and set-up time. These addi-tives are acceptable unless they are a poten-tial contaminant. Bentonite slurry must havea solids content of at least twenty percent(20%).

(D) Other Grout Types. Other types ofgrout may be used when necessary if priorapproval by the division is granted.

(5) Drill cuttings used by themselves or inconjunction with a drive shoe, packer or boot



are not approved materials for grouting theannulus of any well.

(6) Grouting required for Community andNoncommunity Public Water Supply Wells. Itis the obligation and responsibility of thedriller to follow procedures set forth by theMissouri public drinking water rules.

(7) Driven Casing Wells. The bottom of thesteel well casing shall be equipped with adrive shoe or otherwise protected from dam-age during construction of the well as dictat-ed by drilling procedures and conditions ofeach particular well (see 10 CSR 23-3.100(4)(D)3. for grouting techniques).

(8) Capping. Temporary capping of a welluntil the pumping equipment is installed shallallow no pollution or foreign objects to enterthe well.

(9) Alignment. A well shall not vary from thevertical or alignment so as to interfere withinstallation and operation of the pump.

(10) Well Development. The well shall bedeveloped to remove any material depositedon the aquifer face during the drilling,drilling fluid and the predetermined finerfraction of a gravel pack, all of which shall bedone to ensure that the maximum practicalspecific capacity will be obtained from thecompleted well.

(11) For further construction requirementsfor domestic wells see 10 CSR 23-3.090Regionalization and 10 CSR 23-3.100Sensitive Areas.

(12) Multifamily wells are water supply wellsconstructed for the purpose of serving morethan three (3) dwellings but having less thanfifteen (15) service connections and regularlyserves less than twenty-five (25) individualsdaily at least sixty (60) days out of the year.A multifamily well must be constructed asfollows:

(A) Minimum casing lengths for multifam-ily wells are the same as domestic wells.Liner may not substitute for casing;

(B) The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of ten inches (10") in diameter. Anincrease in hole size to ten and five-eighthsinches (10 5/8") in diameter will be effectiveMay 1, 1999. The drill hole must be at leastfour inches (4") in diameter larger than theoutside diameter of the steel casing to beinstalled;

(C) The casing used must be of ferrousmaterial and conform to size, wall thicknessand weight/foot parameters set out in subsec-

tion (1)(E), for multifamily wells. Plastic cas-ing may be used if approved in advance on acase-by-case basis;

(D) The casing must be grouted full-lengthwith grout utilizing the tremie method or one(1) of the pressure grouting methods set outin section (3) of this rule;

(E) The neat cement grout must be allowedto set up based on the parameter of the fol-lowing:

1. Hi-early cement—minimum of twelve(12) hours;

2. Portland Type I cement—minimum ofseventy-two (72) hours; and

3. High solids bentonite slurry—variesbased on additives and manufacturer’s speci-fications; and

(F) When drilling starts, after cement hasset, care should be taken when drilling outthe bottom of the casing so that curingcement is not damaged.

(13) Unconsolidated Material Irrigation Well.A well drilled into alluvial, glacial drift orglacial outwash aquifers that is not deeperthan two hundred feet (200') and produceswater not for human consumption shall con-form to the following construction require-ments:

(A) The selection of casing shall take intoconsideration the stress to which the pipe willbe subjected during construction and the cor-rosiveness of the groundwater. Used pipe isprohibited. If steel casing is selected, seesubsection (1)(E) Steel Casing Table, for size,wall thickness and weight per foot specifica-tions. If plastic casing is selected (see 10 CSR23-3.070 for specifications);

(B) Unconsolidated material irrigationwells greater than two hundred feet (200') indepth must be constructed using bedrock irri-gation specifications contained in section(14);

(C) The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of four inches (4") in diameterlarger than the outside diameter of the casingto be installed;

(D) Set Screen and Casing. Screen open-ings shall provide the maximum amount ofopen area consistent with strength of screenand the grading of the water-bearing forma-tion and gravel pack. The openings shall per-mit maximum transmitting ability withoutclogging or jamming;

(E) Gravel Pack. All gravel placed intowell shall be clean, washed and disinfectedprior to placement or provisions made fordisinfection in place. When an oversized drillhole is constructed to permit the placement ofa gravel wall around the well screen and cas-ing, grouting and sealing may be suspended

for sixty (60) days to allow for gravel to set-tle and for well development; and

(F) Grouting. After the well has beendeveloped and pumped, but in no case laterthan sixty (60) days, dig around the well to adepth of four feet to five feet (4'–5') and fillwith sodium bentonite granules, pellets,tablets or chips. Bentonite slurry or organicpolymers shall not be used.

(14) Bedrock Irrigation Well. These wells aredrilled into bedrock aquifers that are con-structed to meet required standards and areequipped with a pump that has the capacity toproduce more than seventy (70) gallons ofwater per minute. The produced water is forirrigating crops but may be used for humanconsumption. This type of well shall conformto the following construction requirements:

(A) The minimum amount of casing setmust be determined by the division inadvance on a casing point request form. Acasing point request form is available fromthe division;

(B) The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of ten inches (10") in diameter.The drill hole must be at least four inches(4") in diameter larger than the outside diam-eter of the steel casing to be installed;

(C) The casing used must be of ferrousmaterial and conform to size, wall thicknessand weight/foot parameters set out in subsec-tion (1)(E), for high yield and bedrock irri-gation wells; and

(D) The casing must be grouted full-lengthwith neat cement grout utilizing the tremiemethod or one (1) of the pressure groutingmethods set out in section (3).

(15) High Yield Well. Those wells that areconstructed to meet required standards andare equipped with a pump that has the capac-ity to produce more than seventy (70) gallonsof water per minute.

(A) The minimum amount of casing setmust be determined by the division inadvance on a casing point request form. Acasing point request form is available fromthe division.

(B) The drill hole a minimum of ten inch-es (10") in diameter shall be constructed. Thedrill hole must be at least four inches (4") indiameter larger than the outside diameter ofthe steel casing to be installed.

(C) The casing must be of ferrous materi-al and conform to size, wall thickness andweight/foot parameters set out in subsection(1)(E), for high yield and bedrock irrigationwells.

(D) The casing must be grouted full-lengthwith neat cement grout utilizing the tremiemethod or one (1) of the pressure grouting


Secretary of State




methods set out in section (3).

(16) Lubricants Used During the DrillingProcess. During the drilling of a well, somelubricants may be necessary to ensure protec-tion of the drilling machine. The lubricantsused must not adversely affect the groundwa-ter quality and must be biodegradable.Special care must be taken to ensure leakinghoses on the drilling machine do not allowharmful lubricants or fluids to enter the bore-hole.

(17) Most domestic bedrock wells drilled inthe state have an eight and five-eighths-inch(8 5/8") hole drilled to casing point and a sixand five-eighths-inch (6 5/8") outside diame-ter casing installed into bedrock. The rulesstate that the bottom thirty feet (30') of theannulus must be grouted. Table 1 states theminimum amount of grout required to fill thebottom thirty feet (30') of annulus taking intoaccount the use of a six and five-eighths-inch(6 5/8") outside diameter casing, boreholesize differences, type of grout utilized, andmethod of emplacement of the grout.


Secretary of State


TABLE 1Number of Bags for Minimum Amount of Required Grout for a

Domestic Bedrock Water Well

Outer Diameter of Steel/Plastic Casing: 6 5/8 Inches—Minimum Length of Grout: 30 feet

8 5/8" 8 3/4" 9" 10" 10 5/8" 11"Borehole Diameter *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H.

Type of GroutCEMENT

Portland Type I 5 11 5 11 6 12 8 15 10 17 12 18 Portland Type III 5 11 5 11 6 12 8 15 10 17 12 18

BENTONITEPellets—

1/2" Baroid Pellets 7 17 7 17 8 18 13 22 15 25 17 27 3/8" Baroid Pellets 7 17 8 18 9 19 13 23 16 27 18 28 1/4" Baroid Pellets 7 17 8 19 19 13 23 16 26 18 28 28Wyo-Bend Tablets 8 18 8 19 9 20 14 25 17 28 19 30 Volclay 1/2" 8 19 8 19 9 20 14 25 17 28 19 30 Volclay 3/8" 8 19 8 20 10 21 14 26 18 29 20 31 Volclay 1/4" 8 20 9 20 10 22 15 27 18 30 21 32

Chips—Baroid HolePlug 7 18 8 18 9 19 13 24 16 27 18 29 Wyo-bend Coarse 6 15 7 15 7 16 11 20 14 22 15 24 Wyo-bend Medium 6 15 7 16 8 17 12 21 14 23 16 25 Volclay Coarse 7 16 7 17 8 18 12 22 15 25 17 27 Volclay Medium 7 17 7 17 8 18 13 23 16 26 17 27

Granular—Benseal 6 15 7 16 8 17 12 21 14 23 16 25 Wyo-bend No. 8 6 15 7 15 7 16 11 20 14 22 15 24 Wyo-bend No. 16 6 15 7 15 7 16 11 20 14 22 15 24

Slurry—Baroid 1 4 2 4 2 4 3 5 3 5 4 6 Wyo-bend 2 4 2 4 2 4 3 5 4 6 4 6Volclay 1 3 2 4 2 4 3 5 3 5 4 6

*Ann. = Bags needed to fill Annular Space Ô.H. = Bags needed to fill the Open Bore Hole



TABLE 2Number of Bags for Minimum Amount of Required Grout for

Domestic Unconsolidated Water Wells

Outer Diameter of Steel/Plastic Casing: 6 5/8 inches—Minimum Length of Grout: 20 feet

10 5/8" 12 5/8" 14 5/8" 16" 18"Borehole Diameter *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H.

Type of GroutCEMENT

Portland Type I 7 11 12 16 17 21 21 26 28 32Portland Type III 7 11 12 16 17 21 21 26 28 32

BENTONITEPellets—

1/2" Baroid Pellets 10 17 17 24 25 32 32 38 42 483/8" Baroid Pellets 11 18 18 25 27 33 33 40 44 511/4" Baroid Pellets 11 18 18 25 26 33 33 40 44 50Wyo-Bend Tablets 11 19 19 26 28 35 35 42 46 53Volclay 1/2" 11 19 19 27 28 36 35 43 47 54Volclay 3/8" 12 19 20 27 29 37 36 44 48 56Volclay 1/4" 12 20 20 28 30 38 38 45 50 57

Chips—Baroid HolePlug 11 18 18 25 27 34 34 41 44 51Wyo-bend Coarse 9 15 15 21 23 28 28 34 37 43Wyo-Bend Medium 9 15 16 22 23 29 29 35 38 44Volclay Course 10 17 17 23 25 31 31 38 42 48Volclay Medium 10 17 17 24 26 32 32 39 42 49

Granular—Benseal 9 16 16 22 23 29 29 35 39 45Wyo-bend No. 8 9 15 15 21 23 28 28 34 37 43Wyo-bend No. 16 9 15 15 21 23 28 28 34 37 43

Slurry—Bariod 2 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 10Wyo-bend 2 4 4 5 6 7 7 9 10 11Volclay 2 3 4 5 5 7 7 8 9 10

*Ann. = Bags needed to fill Annular SpaceÔ.H. = Bags needed to fill the Open Bore Hole

(18) Most alluvial domestic wells drilled inthe state have a ten and five-eighths-inch (105/8") hole drilled and a six and five-eighths-inch (6 5/8") outside diameter casinginstalled. The rules state that the top twentyfeet (20') of annulus must be grouted. Thefollowing amounts of grout are necessary, at aminimum, to fill this space: Table 2 states theminimum amount of grout required to fill thetop twenty feet (20') of annulus taking intoaccount the use of a six and five-eighths- inch(6 5/8") outside diameter casing and screen,borehole size differences, type of grout uti-lized, and method of emplacement of thegrout.


Secretary of State


Grout Material Size Amount to Fill 40' of Annulus

Open-Hole All OtherMethod Methods

Bentonite Medium chip 30.0 bags 21.5 bags(50 lb.) Coarse chip 30.0 bags 21.5 bags

#8 mesh (cannot 30.0 bags 21.5 bagsbe poured through water)

Cement Slurry 23.0 sacks 16.5 sacks(one 94 lb. bag with 6 gallons water)(must be tremmied through standing water)

(19) When drilling in Area 2 or 3, undercertain circumstances, domestic wells maybe constructed where the upper forty feet(40') of annulus is grouted. This annulus iscreated by a ten and five-eighths-inch (105/8") hole and a five and one-half-inch (51/2") outside diameter casing. The followingamounts of grout are necessary, at a mini-mum, to fill this space:



Grout Material Size Amount to Fill 20' of Annulus

Open-Hole All OtherMethod Methods

Bentonite Medium chip 10.2 bags 7 bags(50 lb.) Coarse chip 10.0 bags 7 bags

#8 mesh (cannot 10.0 bags 7 bagsbe poured through water)

Cement Slurry 7.5 sacks 5.5 sacks(one 94 lb. bag with 6 gallons water)(must be tremmied through standing water)

(20) Domestic wells drilled in Area 5 canhave casing as small as four and one-half-inch(4 1/2") outside diameter placed in a hole thatis eight and five-eighths-inch (8 5/8") indiameter. To grout the upper twenty feet (20')of this type of well the following amounts ofgrout are necessary, at a minimum, to fill thisspace:

AUTHORITY: sections 256.606, 256.614,256.615 and 256.626, RSMo 1994.* Originalrule filed April 2, 1987, effective July 27,1987. Emergency amendment filed Nov. 16,1993, effective Dec. 11, 1993, expired April9, 1994. Amended: Filed Aug. 17, 1993,effective March 10, 1994. Amended: FiledJuly 13, 1994, effective Jan. 29, 1995.Amended: Filed Nov. 1, 1995, effective June30, 1996.


10 CSR 23-3.040 Well Casing Seals andConnections

PURPOSE: This rules describes the types ofwell casing seals and connections that are tobe used.

(1) Above-Grade Connections. An above-grade connection into the top or side of a wellcasing shall be at least one foot (1') above thefinished grade surface and constructed toexclude dirt or other foreign matter by one (1)or more of the following methods, as may beapplicable:

(A) Threaded connection; (B) Welded connection; (C) Rubber expansion sealer; (D) Bolted flanges with rubber gaskets; (E) Overlapping well cap; and (F) Extension of the casing at least one

inch (1") into the base of a power pump.

(2) In wells that utilize an above grade con-nection, special attention must be paid to thesealing capabilities of the selected well casingseal. In many cases the electric wire hole, thedrop pipe hole and the vent pipe hole may notbe sealed adequately. The casing seal muststop all bacteria from entering the wellthrough the seal. It is recommended thatthese holes be caulked, with silicone caulk orequivalent, to ensure that bacteria or othercontaminants are not pulled into the wellwhen the pump is operating.

(3) The practice of cutting the rubber wellseal to make removal and reinstallation easieris strictly prohibited.

(4) Below-Grade Connection. A connectionto a well casing made below ground, or lessthan one foot (1') above the finished surfacegrade, shall be protected by a pitless adapteror pitless unit. The pitless adapter or pitlessunit shall be composed of material of suffi-cient strength to withstand normal operatingstress. A below-ground connection shall not

be submerged in water at the time of installa-tion. Holes cut in the casing through whichthe pitless adaptors are installed must besized and constructed so as to guarantee awatertight seal with the pitless adaptor inplace. Native materials shall be packed tight-ly around the casing and pitless adapter orpitless unit after installation.

(5) Well Caps for Wells Using PitlessAdapters. Well caps used on wells that have apitless adapter or pitless unit must have ascreened vent hole pointing downward at leastone-half inch (1/2") in diameter and mustseal tightly against the casing to exclude dirt,insects or any foreign matter from enteringthe well. Hub cap type well caps that aresecured to the casing by set screws that leavean opening allowing contaminants to enterare not approved for use.

(6) Other methods. Any other method of con-nection to a well casing shall be specificallyapproved by the division before installation.

(7) Wells drilled in floodplains must have cas-ing that terminates at least two feet (2') abovethe maximum known floodwater elevation orwhen flooding is eminent, the well vent mustbe sealed and the well discontinued fromoperation until the floodwater subsides.

AUTHORITY: sections 256.606 and 256.626,RSMo Supp. 1991.* Original rule filed April2, 1987, effective July 27, 1987. Emergencyamendment filed Nov. 16, 1993, effectiveDec. 11, 1993, expired April 9, 1994.Amended: Filed Aug. 17, 1993, effectiveMarch 10, 1994.


10 CSR 23-3.050 Pump Installation

PURPOSE: This rule sets specific standardsas to the proper procedures for the installa-tion of pumps for wells.

(1) Pumps and Pumping Equipment. (A) A pump shall be constructed so that no

unprotected openings into the interior of thepump or well casing exist. A hand pump,hand pump head, stand or similar deviceshall have a closed spout directed downwardand a pump rod that operates through a stuff-ing box. A power driven pump shall beattached to the casing or approved suction ordischarge line by a watertight connection,including flange connections, hose clamp-type connections or other flexible couplings.

(B) Priming Requirements. A pump shallbe designed, installed and maintained so thatpriming is not required for ordinary use.Pumps installed for use only on a well waterirrigation system are exempted but primingwater shall be clear water, free of contamina-tion and carrying a chlorine residual. An irri-gation well equipped with a centrifugal pumpmay be primed without chlorination when thepump is filled with water taken directly fromthe well.

(C) Backflow Prevention for ChemicalInjection Systems on Irrigation Wells. Achemical injection system may not be con-nected to a well used for human consump-tion.

1. Where a chemical injection system isconnected directly to a well used for irriga-tion and which is not used as a potable watersupply, a single check-spring loaded back-flow prevention shall be installed between thepoint of chemical injection on the pump dis-charge piping and the water well in accor-dance with the manufacturer’s instructionsand shall have the following:

A. Valving so that water can bedrained from the system to prevent freezing;

B. A vacuum relief valve to preventback-siphoning of chemicals into the well;

C. An automatic low pressure drain atleast three-quarters inch (3/4") in diameter,positioned so that when draining occurs liq-uid will run away from the well. The auto-matic low pressure drain shall quickly drainthe check valve body of water when operationof the irrigation pump is discontinued;

D. A watertight seal around the checkvalve;

E. An inspection port at least fourinches (4") in diameter to allow inspectionsof the inside of the check valve; and

F. The check valve shall withstand aminimum hydraulic pressure of one hundredfifty (150) pounds per square inch (psi) with-out leaking. Valve shall be galvanized, epoxycoated or similar material that resists corro-sion.

2. The irrigation well pump and thechemical injection pump shall be electricallyor mechanically connected so that when thewell pump stops, the chemical pump will shutoff automatically.

(D) Temporary Pump Removal. If thepump is removed temporarily from the wellfor any reason, the well shall be capped witha watertight seal strong enough to prevententry of contamination or foreign objects.

(E) Pump Bearing Lubrication. Lubrica-tion of bearings of power driven pumps shallbe with water or oil which will not adverselyaffect the groundwater.


Secretary of State


1. Water lubrication. If a storage tank isrequired for lubrication water, it shall bedesigned to protect the water from contami-nation.

2. Oil lubrication. The reservoir shall bedesigned to protect the oil from contamina-tion with a shutoff valve to stop oil flow whennot pumping.

(F) Electrical Installation. All electricalinstallations shall be performed and main-tained in accordance with the existing electriccodes. A permitted well installation contrac-tor or pump installation contractor must per-form all electric wiring which impacts theoperation of the pump or pumping system.This includes wiring from the pump to thecontrol boxes to the main power supply suchas the breaker box in a house. The electricwire must never be run through the pitlessadapter.

(G) All plumbing or water supply distribu-tion from the well to the point of entryhookup shall be installed and maintained inaccordance with existing plumbing codes. Apermitted well installation contractor orpump installation contractor must perform allplumbing which impacts the distribution ofwater from its source, through the pressuresystem to the point of entry inside or outsideof the structure or building being served.This includes, but is not limited to, pressuretanks, water treatment equipment and anyother materials needed to complete the initialinstallation of the water system, inside andoutside of the structure, except as exemptedin section 256.607, RSMo.

(2) Operational domestic and multifamilywells must have a pump, either surfacemounted or submersible. Wells must have awatertight seal at the top of the well to pre-vent contamination from entering the wellfrom the top. Water may not be withdrawnfrom a drilled well by use of a well bucketthat is lowered down the well for the purposeof retrieving water for human consumption orfor nonhuman uses.

(3) Water Suction Lines. A water suction lineshall be constructed of galvanized iron orsteel, cast iron or plastic pipe as approved bythe division or other material given approvalby the division. Aluminum pipe is acceptablefor well water irrigation systems in additionto the previously mentioned materials. Whenconnecting metallic pipes or casing of dis-similar types, care must be taken so that elec-trolysis does not occur. If the pump is locat-ed next to the well with the pump suction lineemerging from the top of the well, a well sealor equivalent shall be installed between thewell casing and suction pipe to provide awatertight closure.

(4) Pump Discharge Lines.(A) A buried discharge line between the

well casing and the pressure tank in anyinstallation, including a deep well turbine ora submersible pump, shall not be under neg-ative pressure at any time. If a check valve isinstalled in a buried water line between thewell casing and the pressure tank, the waterline between the well casing and the checkvalve shall meet the requirements for a suc-tion line unless equipped with an air releasevalve.

(B) Pump discharge ports on irrigationwells shall be covered when not in use.

(5) Drop Pipe. The pipe used to hang thepump in a well must be composed of thermo-plastic acrylonitrile-butadene-styrene (ABS)or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials thathave Schedule 80 (SCH 80) or thicker wallsor if metallic drop pipe is used, a wall thick-ness of at least Schedule 40 (SCH 40) isrequired.

(6) Vents. All wells shall be vented withwatertight caps terminating at least two feet(2') above the regional flood level (see 10CSR 23-3.010(1)(A)6. for exception) or onefoot (1') above the finished grade surface orthe floor of a pump room, well room,whichever is higher. The casing vent shall bea minimum one-half inch (1/2") in diameter,screened and point downward. Vents may beoffset provided they meet the provisions ofthis section. Any submersible pump shall beinstalled with a vented cap on the top of thewell casing to prevent drawing near surfacecontamination into the well. When a wellwith a submersible pump kicks on and pumpswater from the well, the drawdown of thewater in the well creates a vacuum pulling airinto the well. If the well is not vented prop-erly, air will be pulled from around the droppipe, through the electric wire hole, fromaround the well seal, and the like. If a well isnot vented properly, it could be contaminat-ing itself every time the pump kicks on bypulling near surface contaminants into thewell.

(7) Disinfection.(A) A new, repaired or reconditioned well

or pump installation shall be thoroughlypumped to waste until the water is as clear asis reasonably possible, dependent upongroundwater conditions in the area. After thatthe well and pumping equipment shall be dis-infected with chlorine so applied that a con-centration of at least one hundred (100) partsper million (ppm) of chlorine shall beobtained in all parts of the well and plumbingsystem. The chlorine solution shall be intro-duced into the well in a manner to flush thewell surfaces above the static water level with

chlorine solution. A minimum contact periodof two (2) hours (overnight is better) shall beprovided before pumping the well to wasteand flushing the chlorine solution from thedistribution system. The well owner shall beinstructed by the permittee concerning theseprocedures and can be responsible for pump-ing and flushing of the well following disin-fection. A permittee shall be responsible fordisinfecting the work performed on the well,pump or pumping equipment. Disinfection ina well repair operation may be accomplishedat the beginning of the operation with chlo-rine applied to obtain a concentration of twohundred (200) ppm for the period of the wellrepair operation. The water shall be pumpedto waste prior to the taking of water samplesor use being made of the water. Caution: Thechlorinated water must not leave the owner’sproperty. If it does, the owner must report tothe Water Pollution Control Program,Division of Environmental Quality.

(B) Special care must be exercised whenreplacing a pump because bacteria can easilycontaminate what is pulled from the well(pump, drop pipe, electric wire) and it is dif-ficult to disinfect the portions of the electricwire and drop pipe that are above water level.When pulling a pump, the electric wireshould not be allowed to touch the ground.This may be accomplished by laying plasticon the ground or utilizing a mechanical sys-tem that winds up the electric wire as it iswithdrawn from the well or other appropriatemeans. The drop pipe should be placed onpipe racks or other precautions should betaken to keep it from contacting the ground.If contamination does occur, special caremust be taken to disinfect the contaminatedareas.

(C) The following table will help in deter-mining how much chlorine to add during dis-infection of the well. First you will need todetermine height of the water column in thewell.

1. Formula to find height of water col-umn: (total depth of well) minus (static waterlevel) equals (height of water column).Example: (216 ft. well depth) - (37 ft. waterlevel) = (179 ft. of water column). Thenusing the table find the casing size of thewell, read across to the corresponding chlo-rine product column and use these amounts inthe following formula:

2. Formula to find amount of chlorineproduct needed to disinfect well: (height ofwater column) times (amount of product fromtable) equals (amount of product needed todisinfect well) Example: For a six inch (6")casing using 5.25% Clorox product: (179 ft.)× (0.381) = 68 oz. or about one-half (1/2)gallon.




Secretary of State


Table 1

Disinfection Table(Produces a 100 mg/liter chlorine solution per-foot of casing size)

Ounces of Product Added To Disinfect One (1) Foot of Water Per Casing Size

5.25% to 6.0% ChlorinePRODUCT: Clorox, 70% Chlorine

Purex, Sno-White 10% Chlorine PRODUCT: High-Kandu, Topco, Action, PRODUCT: Liquid Test Calcium

Gallons of Water White Magic, Surefine Bleach. Purchased Hypochlorite. PurchasedCasing Size Per and MC2 or other from a chemical from a chemical

Nominal One Foot Of brand names supply company companyDiameter Casing Size (sodium hypochlorite) (sodium hypochlorite) (calcium hypochlorite)(Inches) (Gal/Ft/Case Size) (Fluid Ounces) (Fluid Ounces) (Dry Ounces)

1.25 0.06 0.015 0.008 0.00111.50 0.09 0.023 0.012 0.00172 0.16 0.041 0.021 0.00312.5 0.25 0.064 0.033 0.00483 0.37 0.094 0.049 0.00713.5 0.50 0.127 0.067 0.00954 0.65 0.165 0.087 0.01245 1.02 0.259 0.136 0.01946 1.50 0.381 0.200 0.02868 2.60 0.660 0.347 0.0495

10 4.08 1.036 0.544 0.077712 5.87 1.490 0.782 0.111814 8.00 2.031 1.066 0.152316 10.44 2.650 1.391 0.198818 13.21 3.354 1.761 0.251524 23.50 5.966 3.132 0.447430 36.70 9.317 4.891 0.6988



(D) When placing the chlorine into thewell it must be thoroughly mixed with theexisting water to disperse the chlorinethroughout the water column. This is bestdone by batch dumping large volumes ofchlorinated water into the well or by placingchlorine tablets in a porous bag and loweringit and raising it within the entire water col-umn until the chlorine is dissolved.

(E) A practical alternative is to divide theamount of needed chlorine product calculatedusing the Disinfection Table into liquid andtablet form. Then—

1. Pour the tablets into the well whichwill dissolve near the bottom of the well;

2. Pour liquid chlorine product into thewell being sure to wash down all surfaces thatare above the static water level;

3. Circulate water into the house by run-ning cold water until chlorine smell is detect-ed, turning off cold, then running hot untilchlorine smell is detected, in each faucet inthe house. Proper ventilation must be main-tained during this step and step 5 (see para-graph (7)(E)5.) to avoid overpowering poten-tially toxic chlorine fumes;

4. Stop circulating water and let set atleast two (2) hours (preferably overnight);and

5. Flush system by running water untilno chlorine odor is detected.

AUTHORITY: sections 256.606 and 256.626,RSMo 1994.* Original rule filed April 2,1987, effective July 27, 1987. Amended:Filed Aug. 17, 1993, effective March 10,1994. Amended: Filed Nov. 1, 1995, effectiveJune 30, 1996.


10 CSR 23-3.060 Certification andRegistration Reports

PURPOSE: This rule sets required standardsfor certification and registration report formsubmittal.

(1) The certification process involves thereview of the certification report form to besure that the well meets all constructionrequirements necessary for the specific areathe well has been drilled. The minimum con-struction standards were written to protectMissouri’s groundwater and to help ensurethat the construction of the wells does notconstitute a threat to this resource. Due to thevaried quantity and quality of groundwater inMissouri, the certification number does notnecessarily indicate that the well producespotable water or usable quantities of water.

(2) A certification report form, supplied bythe division, shall be used to report new wellconstruction, new pump installation (initialpump set in newly drilled well), monitoringwell construction (see 10 CSR 23-4) and heatpump well construction (see 10 CSR 23-5).The certification report form shall be com-pleted and submitted to the division by thepermittee within sixty (60) days after com-pletion of any well. If the well installationcontractor does not set the pump, the wellinstallation contractor is responsible to sub-mit a certification report form documentingwork performed, otherwise the certificationreport form will reflect all areas of reporting.The pump installation contractor is responsi-ble for submitting a certification report formdocumenting work performed. The certifica-tion report form shall be accompanied by thecertification fee. The permittee shall furnishthe well owner one (1) copy, the division one(1) copy and retain one (1) copy in the per-mittee’s files. The report form shall containall available required information. A certifi-cation report form shall be submitted for adry hole, but no certification fee is required.

(3) The registration process involves the doc-umentation of certain types of activitiesaccording to the requirements and reportedon forms supplied by the division.

(4) A registration report form, supplied bythe division, shall be used to report pluggingof wells, raising of casing, lining of wells,drilling of jetted wells (unless exempted),deepening of wells, major repairs and alter-ation of wells and must be submitted to thedivision by the permittee within sixty (60)days after completion of the appropriate oper-ations. Records for replacement pumps willnot be required unless requested by the divi-sion. Pump replacement cannot change statusof the well from domestic to multifamily orfrom domestic to high yield. The registrationreport form shall be accompanied by the reg-istration fee, if required. The permittee shallfurnish the well owner one (1) copy, the divi-sion one (1) copy and retain one (1) copy inthe permittee’s files. The report form shallcontain all available required information.

(5) Certification report forms and registrationreport forms submitted for well construction,well reconstruction, new pump installation,monitoring well construction (see 10 CSR23-4), heat pump well construction (see 10CSR 23-5), and test hole (see 10 CSR 23-6)shall include the geographic location of thewell, boring or test hole. The geographiclocation shall have a format in degrees, min-utes and seconds for latitude and longituderelative to the North American Datum 1983

(NAD83) geodetic datum. Location accura-cy shall be at least one (1) place after the sec-onds decimal point: i.e., latitude 38°59'59.9"N, longitude 94°01'01.0"W. Devicesthat can provide such measurements include,but are not limited to, handheld GlobalPositioning System (GPS) receivers that arewide area augmentation system (WAAS)capable.

(6) If work is performed by the landowner,following strict requirements under section256.607, RSMo, the landowner must submitall required forms and fees and is subject toall laws and rules as if a permitted entity.

AUTHORITY: sections 256.606, 256.614,256.623 and 256.626, RSMo 2000.* Originalrule filed April 2, 1987, effective July 27,1987. Emergency rescission and emergencyrule filed Nov. 16, 1993, effective Dec. 11,1993, expired April 9, 1994. Rescinded andreadopted: Filed Aug. 17, 1993, effectiveMarch 10, 1994. Amended: Filed March 30,2005, effective Oct. 30, 2005.

*Original authority: 256.606, RSMo 1991; 256.614,RSMo 1985, amended 1991; 256.623, RSMo 1985,amended 1991; and 256.626, RSMo 1985, amended 1991.

10 CSR 23-3.070 Plastic Well Casing

PURPOSE: This rule designates special stan-dards for the use of plastic casing in the waterwell.


(1) Standards. (A) Approved Materials. Any thermo-plas-

tic pipe used for well casing shall meet thestandards of the American Society for Testingand Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street,Philadelphia, PA 19103, which are refer-enced as ASTM F-480 Standard Specifica-tion for Thermoplastic Well Casing Pipe andCouplings Made in Standard DimensionRatios (SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80.


Secretary of State


Acceptable casings used for wells that pro-duce potable water must be composed of cer-tain classes of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) oracrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) ther-moplastics accepted by ASTM for well cas-ings. Other casing may be used if advancewritten approval is obtained by the division.

(B) Standard dimension ratio (SDR) isdetermined by the following (outside diame-ter divided by wall thickness equals SDR).Casing must have SDR ratings of SDR 26,SDR 21, SDR 17 or SDR 13.5 to be accept-able for usage. Schedule 40 (SCH 40) is themost commonly used casing for wells pro-ducing potable water and is acceptable.

(C) A minimal nominal casing size fordomestic wells is six inches (6") in diameter(average actual size is six and six hundredtwenty-five thousandths inches (6.625")).

(D) The thermoplastic well casing musthave the following markings displayed on thecasing according to ASTM standards. If acasing does not have these markings, it is notpermitted for use unless given advance writ-ten approval by the division.

(E) Well casing may be joined by solventweld, mechanical joints such as splined cou-plings, threaded or other types of jointsapproved in advance by the division. All

joints must be watertight. Solvent weldedjoints are not permitted for monitoring wells.

Example

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

ABC Plastics 6" Well Casing PVC 1120 SDR 21 IC-1 F480 SF-WC C9APIE4

1 Manufacturer’s name or trademark. 2 Nominal Casing Size. Must be six inches (6") or larger. 3 Intended application for product. Must state “Well Casing” to be used as casing. 4 Type of material. Must be PVC or ABS material. 5 SDR—Standard Dimension Ratio. Must be SDR 26, SDR 21, SDR 17, SDR 13.5 or SCH 40. 6 Impact Classification. Must have IC-0, IC-1, IC-2 or IC-3. 7 ASTM Specification Number. Must have F-480 = Standard for Plastic Well Casing. 8 National Sanitation Foundation Logo. Must have NSF-WC = Well Casing. This is an independent laboratory’s seal of approval. 9 Manufacturer’s Code Number.

(2) Storage, Handling and Components. Theinstaller—

(A) Shall store pipe in such a manner toprevent sagging or bending;

(B) Shall inspect pipe and couplings care-fully for cuts, gouges, deep scratches, dam-aged ends and other major imperfections andshall not use any plastic pipe or couplingwhich has these defects or imperfections;

(C) Shall use solvent cement meeting therequirements of the specifications for the par-ticular plastic used. The cement used shallprovide sufficient open time for making goodjoints but the installer shall complete jointsimmediately upon applying the solventcement;

(D) Shall use only pipe and coupling com-binations that give close and satisfactoryinterference fits which will readily matewhen the solvent cement is applied and thepieces are joined. The pipe shall enter thesocket to between two-thirds (2/3) and fulldepth of the socket depth when inserted andturned;

(E) May use plastic pipe coupling withmolded or formed threads but must use onlythe thread lubricant which is suitable for theparticular type of plastic being used and thelubricant must not be a source of contamina-tion to the water; and

(F) Shall use a coupling appropriate for thespecific transition intended when connectingplastic pipe to a non-plastic well screen.

(3) Technique for Joining Solvent WeldPlastic Well Casing.

(A) Cutting. The installer shall use fine-tooth blades with little or no set for when cut-ting the pipe is necessary. Pipe ends shall becut square. A plastic pipe cutter equippedwith extra-wide rollers and thin cuttingwheels may be used. Standard steel pipe ortubing cutters shall not be used for cuttingplastic pipe.

(B) Cleaning. The installer shall clean alldirt, dust, moisture and burrs from pipe endsand couplings. The installer may use onlychemical or mechanical cleaners which aresuitable for the particular plastic materialbeing used.

(C) Primer. The installer shall use a primerwhen, because of the type of plastic materialbeing used, the pipe and coupling surfacesmust be softened and dissolved in order toform a continuous bond between the matingsurfaces or when the particular type of sol-vent cement being used requires one, or both.

(D) Cement Application. The installershall apply a moderate and even coat ofcement to the inside of the coupling to coverthe distance of the joining surface only. Theinstaller shall then quickly apply an even coat

of cement to the outside of the pipe beingjoined to a distance which is equal to thedepth of the pipe coupling socket. Cautionshould be used when handling solvent cementto avoid skin contact or inhalation of vapors.

(E) Assembly. The installer shall—1. Make the joint as quickly as possible

after application of the cement and before itdries;

2. Reapply cement before assembling ifthe cement dries partially;

3. Insert the pipe into the coupling sock-et, turning the pipe to ensure even distribu-tion of cement;

4. Make sure that the pipe is inserted tothe full depth of the coupling socket;

5. Remove excess solvent cement fromthe exterior of the joint with a clean, drycloth;

6. Tighten a threaded joint by no morethan one (1) full turn using a strap wrench;

7. Not disturb the coupling joint untilafter the cement has set, in order to avoiddamage to the joint and loss of fit; and

8. Allow sufficient time for the joint todevelop good handling strength based onmanufacturer’s specifications (usually two toseven (2–7) minutes). When temperaturesexceed one hundred degrees Fahrenheit(100°F), difficulty in proper bonding may beexperienced because the active solvent agentevaporates too rapidly. The ends of the casingto be joined should be cooled below one hun-dred degrees Fahrenheit (100°F) before theycan be solvent cemented. Keeping casing inthe shade will help. When temperatures fallbelow forty degrees Fahrenheit (40°F), theuse of specially formulated cements may beadvisable to ensure optimum strength devel-opment.

(F) Drilling Inside of Plastic Casing. Aninstaller should use extreme care if drillinginside the plastic casing is required whendrilling any kind of well because the drillingprocess can fracture or abraid the plastic cas-ing.

(G) Grouting of Plastic Casing.1. Rapid-setting cement is not to be

used. Because of its high heat of hydration,grout made of rapid-setting cement is not per-mitted for use in wells which are cased withPVC or ABS pipe. The following shows thestrength of PVC at various temperaturesbased on 73.4 degrees Fahrenheit being onehundred percent (100%) of its test strength:

A. 50 degrees Fahrenheit, 114 percent;B. 60 degrees Fahrenheit, 107 percent;C. 70 degrees Fahrenheit, 101 percent;D. 80 degrees Fahrenheit, 95 percent;E. 90 degrees Fahrenheit, 88 percent;F. 100 degrees Fahrenheit, 83 percent;G. 110 degrees Fahrenheit, 77 percent;

H. 120 degrees Fahrenheit, 72 percent;I. 130 degrees Fahrenheit, 65 percent;J. 140 degrees Fahrenheit, 40 percent;

andK. 150 degrees Fahrenheit, 10 percent.2. Bentonite and bentonite slurry grout

is encouraged. The use of chip bentonite orbentonite slurry grout is encouraged whengrouting the annulus of wells utilizing plasticcasing because these grouts do not increase intemperature during the curing process.

3. Cement slurry is usable with somerestrictions. The use of neat cement slurrycan cause problems in certain situations.During the curing process of neat cementslurry temperature increases are a by-prod-uct. In a typical well with a two inch (2")annulus, temperature increases in the range ofseventeen to thirty-five degrees (17°–35°) arenormal. When annular spaces are largerresulting in thicker grout, the temperatureincrease that results may cause the casing tofail. The addition of two to nine percent(2–9%) bentonite powder to the cement slur-ry will reduce the rate at which heat is gen-erated allowing the heat to be dissipated,resulting in less potential damage to the cas-ing. If cement slurry is used, it is recom-mended that bentonite be added or that coldwater be circulated in the casing while thegrout is curing. Maximum grout hydrationtemperatures in wells with annular spacesless than five inches (5") are reached betweenseven and ten (7–10) hours after mixing.

(H) Cavernous Rock Walls. As a generalrule, plastic well casing is not recommendedto be used as casing in wells cased and grout-ed through cavernous rock formations.However, in these cases, plastic casing willwork. This determination will be made by thewell installation contractor.

(I) Use of Screws. When extra strength isdesired in solvent weld joints, stainless steelscrews may be used, but must not penetratethrough to the inside of the casing. The useof any type of rivets that penetrate to theinside of the casing is prohibited.

(J) Screws Required on UnconsolidatedMaterial Irrigation Wells. When PVC or ABScasing is used that requires gluing, at leastfour (4) stainless steel screws must be used ineach coupling. The screws shall not penetratethrough to the inside of the casing.

(K) PVC and ABS casing may never beused when known gasoline or solvent con-tamination exists within one hundred (100)yards of the well being repaired or drilled.When gasoline or solvent contamination lev-els do not present a potential threat to theintegrity of the casing, the use of PVC orABS pipe material will be considered on acase-by-case basis. Approval must bereceived in advance.




Secretary of State


AUTHORITY: sections 256.606, 256.614,256.615 and 256.626, RSMo 1994.* Originalrule filed April 2, 1987, effective July 27,1987. Amended: Filed Aug. 17, 1993, effec-tive March 10, 1994. Amended: Filed July13, 1994, effective Jan. 29, 1995. Amended:Filed Nov. 1, 1995, effective June 30, 1996.


10 CSR 23-3.080 Liners

PURPOSE: This rule sets guidelines for theuse of liners in wells in Missouri.


(1) Use of Liners. Liners are generally usedfor three (3) purposes. They are used to—

(A) Hold the well bore open when cavingor spalling rock is encountered. These linersare usually slotted to allow water to enter thewell from the aquifer; or

(B) Seal out problem areas below the exist-ing casing or to correct inadequate groutingseals of the casing annulus and other prob-lems arising concerning contamination ofsubsurface waters. Plastic liners may be usedeffectively to solve iron bacteria problems onsteel casings. If a plastic liner is installed toseal out an iron bacteria problem, it mustextend from the bottom of the steel casingand must have its upper end no deeper thanten feet (10’) below the top of the well cas-ing. The liner must also be grouted as statedin subsection (3)(B) of this rule; or

(C) If the liner is just used to solve a rustproblem in the casing, a packer must beplaced within five feet (5') of the bottom ofthe rusted casing interval. The liner mustextend from the bottom of the steel casing toa point less than 10 feet (10') from the sur-face. The packer must be inside the casingand no grout is required.

(2) General Specifications and Guidelines.

(A) Liners may be composed of either steelor thermoplastic.

1. Steel liners must be new and have aninside diameter at least four inches (4") andhave a minimum wall thickness not less than.188 inches.

2. Plastic liners must meet AmericanSociety for Testing and Materials (ASTM)standards concerning thermoplastic well cas-ing and be composed of polyvinyl (PVC) oracrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) materi-als formulated for well casing.

A. The inside diameter must not besmaller than four inches (4").

B. The Standard Dimension Ratio(SDR) ratings allowable for liner is SDR 26,SDR 21, SDR 17 and SDR 13.5. Scheduleratings allowable are SCH 40 and SCH 80.

(B) All liners used to seal out potentialgroundwater contamination areas below theexisting casing or to correct inadequate grout-ing seals of the casing annulus, and otherproblems arising concerning the contamina-tion of subsurface water must have theirupper end set no deeper than ten feet (10')below the top of the well casing. The linermust be secured in the hole.

(C) Packers shall be secured on plastic lin-ers with screws (making sure they do not pen-etrate the liner) or other methods and on steelliners the packer shall be welded or mechan-ically attached so that it will not move duringliner placement. Packers are not required onliners used only to hold open the well bore.

(D) Whenever a liner is needed it is rec-ommended that the bottom of the liner be atthe bottom of the well. This will help preventpotential future problems with pump replace-ment.

(3) Method of Installation.(A) When liners are used only to hold open

the well bore they may be placed in the wellfollowing normal industry installation proce-dures.

(B) All other liners must be sealed intoplace following these procedures:

1. The liner must have a rubber packer(first packer) secured near the bottom of theinterval to be grouted. Another rubber pack-er (the second packer) must be secured abouttwenty feet (20') above the first packer. Thiswill result in two (2) rubber packers spacedabout twenty feet (20') apart on the liner.These packers must hold the grout in place.Grout must be placed between the first andsecond packer and completely fill this inter-val as the liner is being installed into the cas-ing. Grout must also be placed on top of thesecond packer filling it to at least a pointtwenty feet (20') above the third packer. Caremust be taken by the well installation con-

tractor when selecting the type of grout used,keeping in mind the time of liner installationand grout set-up time. The liner shall beplaced into the well casing being careful notto damage the packers or liner, or two (2)packers must be placed close together nearthe bottom of the liner and grouted after theliner is set by pressure grouting through atremie pipe. The bottom sixty feet (60') ofannulus created when installing a four andone-half-inch (4 1/2") or five-inch (5") out-side diameter liner must be grouted. If a linermust be grouted, a minimum annulus of one-half inch (1/2") must be present. Tables 5 and6 state the required amount of grout to fill theannulus sixty feet (60'); or

2. Alternate grouting procedures will beconsidered on a case-by-case basis. Writtenapproval in advance by the division isrequired.

(4) Permittee Responsibility to Seal Liner. Inwells that have a liner used for any purpose,other than holding the well bore open, it isthe responsibility of the permittee to ensurethat the annulus between the well bore andthe liner is sealed.

(5) PVC and ABS liners may never be usedwhen known gasoline or solvent contamina-tion exists within one hundred (100) yards ofthe well being repaired or drilled. Whengasoline or solvent contamination levels donot present a potential threat to the integrityof the pipe or liner, the use of PVC or ABSpipe material will be considered on a case-by-case basis. Approval must be received inadvance.



TABLE 5

Number of Bags for Minimum Amount of Required Grout forLining Water Wells

Outer Diameter of Plastic Liner: 4 1/2 inches—Minimum Length of Grout: 60 feet

6 8 10Borehole Diameter *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H.

Type of GroutCEMENT

Portland Type I 5 11 13 19 24 30Portland Type III 5 11 13 19 24 30

BENTONITEPellets—

1/2" Baroid Pellets 7 16 19 29 36 453/8" Baroid Pellets 7 17 21 30 37 471/4" Baroid Pellets 7 17 17 20 37 47Wyo-bend Tablets 8 17 22 32 39 49Volclay 1/2" 8 18 22 32 40 50Volclay 3/8" 8 19 23 33 41 52Volclay 1/4" 8 19 23 34 42 53

Chips—Baroid HolePlug 7 17 21 30 38 47Wyo-bend Coarse 6 14 17 25 32 40Wyo-bend Medium 6 15 18 26 33 41Volclay Coarse 7 16 19 28 35 44Volclay Medium 7 16 20 29 36 45

Granular—Benseal 6 15 18 26 33 41Wyo-bend No. 8 6 14 17 25 32 40Wyo-bend No. 16 6 14 17 25 32 40

Slurry— Baroid 2 3 4 6 8 10Wyo-bend 2 4 4 7 8 10Volclay 1 3 4 6 7 9



Secretary of State


TABLE 6

Number of Bags for Minimum Amount of Required Grout for Lining Water Wells

Outer Diameter of Plastic Liner: 5 inches—Minimum Length of Grout: 60 feet

6 8 10Borehole Diameter *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H. *Ann.Ô.H.

Type of GroutCEMENT

Portland Type I 3 11 12 19 23 30Portland Type III 3 11 12 19 23 30

BENTONITEPellets—

1/2" Baroid Pellets 5 16 18 29 34 453/8" Baroid Pellets 5 17 19 30 35 471/4" Baroid Pellets 5 17 18 30 35 47Wyo-bend Tablets 6 18 19 32 37 49Volclay 1/2" 6 18 20 32 38 50Volclay 3/8" 6 19 20 33 39 52Volclay 1/4" 6 19 21 34 40 53

Chips—Baroid HolePlug 5 17 19 30 36 47Wyo-bend Coarse 5 14 16 25 30 40Wyo-bend Medium 5 15 16 26 31 41Volclay Coarse 5 16 17 28 33 44Volclay Medium 5 16 18 29 34 45

Granular—Benseal 5 15 16 26 31 41Wyo-bend No. 8 5 14 16 25 30 40Wyo-bend No. 16 5 14 16 25 30 40

Slurry—Baroid 1 3 4 6 7 10Wyo-bend 1 4 4 7 8 10Volclay 1 3 4 6 7 9


AUTHORITY: sections 256.606 and 256.626,RSMo 1994.* Original rule filed April 2,1987, effective July 27, 1987. Emergencyrescission and emergency rule filed Nov. 16,1993, effective Dec. 11, 1993, expire April 9,1994. Rescinded and readopted: Filed Aug.17, 1993, effective March 10, 1994.Amended: Filed July 13, 1994, effective Jan.29, 1995. Amended: Filed Nov. 1, 1995,effective June 30, 1996.


10 CSR 23-3.090 Regionalization

PURPOSE: This rule sets specific additionalstandards for certain regions in Missouri.

Editor’s Note: Area maps mentioned in thisrule may be found following 10 CSR 23-3.110.


(1) Area 1. All persons engaged in drillingdomestic wells in Area 1, a limestone ordolomite area (Figure 1 and 8) shall—

(A) Set no less than eighty feet (80') ofcasing, extending not less than thirty feet(30') into bedrock. Example: if sixty feet(60') of residual (weathered rock) material isencountered in drilling before bedrock, thenninety feet (90') of casing must be set.

(B) Construct the drill hole a minimum ofeight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") indiameter to the surface casing point.

(C) Install new, steel or plastic casing asspecified in 10 CSR 23-3.030 (steel) or 10CSR 23-3.070 (plastic).

(D) Install and seal casing as follows: 1. Full-length grout is preferred and will

ensure a better annular seal but sealing thelowermost thirty feet (30') of casing usingapproved grout material and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drillcuttings and a drive shoe or drill cuttings

used by themselves are not approved groutmaterials. Drill cuttings may be placed abovethe grouted interval to fill in the annularspace—

A. If steel casing is used, a drive shoeis required except on wells where the grout isallowed to cure before drilling resumes;

B. If plastic casing is used, a packer,coupling or inverted bell is required to besecured near the bottom of the casing andmust hold the grout in place while drillingcontinues. No packer, coupling or invertedbell is required if grout is allowed to curebefore drilling resumes;

C. The following times must be fol-lowed for curing grout when no packer isused:

(I) Hi-early cement—minimum settime of twelve (12) hours.

(II) Portland Type I cement—mini-mum set time of seventy-two (72) hours;

(III) Chipped bentonite—minimumhydration time of four (4) hours; and

(IV) High solids bentonite slurry—varies based on additives and manufacturer’sspecifications;

(E) If the well is to be drilled as an alluvialwell—

1. No less than twenty feet (20') of cas-ing shall be set above the screened or perfo-rated interval of the well;

2. The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of ten and five-eighths inches (105/8") in diameter being at least four inches(4") larger than the casing to be placed intoit. Well casing must be at least six inch (6")nominal diameter. Graded, chlorinated gravelmay be placed into the annular space adjacentto the well screen or natural gravels in theformation being drilled can be allowed tocave back against the screen;

3. Full-length grout is preferred (abovethe screened interval) and will ensure a betterannular seal but sealing the upper twenty feet(20') of casing using approved grout materi-als and procedures set out in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required.

(2) Area 2. All persons engaged in drillingdomestic wells in Area 2, Central WesternMissouri (Figure 2) shall—

(A) Set no less than forty feet (40') of cas-ing, extending not less than fifteen feet (15')into bedrock. Areas where Cherokee Groupsediments are present; set casing through cav-ing zones and into waterbearing sands. Insome instances this might require severalhundred feet of casing. Liners may be usedwith minimum amount of casing listed forthis area;

(B) Construct the drill hole a minimum ofeight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") indiameter to the surface casing point;

(C) Install new steel or plastic casings asspecified in 10 CSR 23-3.030 (steel) or 10CSR 23.3.070 (plastic).

(D) Install and seal casing as follows: Full-length grout is preferred and will ensure abetter annular seal but sealing the lowermostthirty feet (30') of casing using approvedgrout materials and procedures set out in 10CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drill cuttings anda drive shoe or drill cuttings used by them-selves are not approved grout material. Drillcuttings may be placed above the groutedinterval to fill in the annular space—

1. If steel casing is used, a drive shoe isrequired except on wells where the grout isallowed to cure before drilling resumes;

2. If plastic casing is used, a packer,coupling or inverted bell is required to besecured near the bottom of the casing andmust hold the grout in place while drillingcontinues. No packer, coupling or invertedbell is required if grout is allowed to curebefore drilling resumes;

3. The following times must be followedfor curing grout when no packer is used:

A. Hi-early cement—minimum settime of twelve (12) hours;

B. Portland Type I cement—minimumset time of seventy-two (72) hours;

C. Chipped bentonite—minimumhydration time of four (4) hours; and

D. High solids bentonite slurry—varies based on additives and manufacturer’sspecifications;

(E) In areas where shale or shaley materi-al is present above the waterbearing zones,casing or liner shall be set so as to excludeintervals which would cave into the drill holeor cause muddy water to be pumped;

(F) If the well is to be drilled as an alluvialwell—


2. The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of ten and five-eighths inches (105/8") in diameter being at least four inches(4") larger in diameter than the casing to beplaced into it. Well casing must be at leastsix-inch (6") nominal diameter. Graded,chlorinated gravel may be placed into theannular space adjacent to the well screen ornatural gravels in the formation being drilledcan be allowed to cave back against thescreen; and

3. Full-length grout is preferred (abovethe screened interval) and will ensure a betterannular seal but sealing the upper twenty feet



(20') of casing using approved grout materi-als and procedures set out in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required;

(G) Five-Inch (5") Casing Wells. A wellmay be completed using a five-inch (5")nominal casing if the following standards aremet:

1. The casing must be set full length andbe slotted across the producing horizons.

2. The drill hole must be eight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") in diameter with theupper forty feet (40') to be reamed out to tenand five-eighths inches (10 5/8") in diameter;and

3. The upper forty feet (40') of annularspace must be grouted and the remainder ofthe borehole below the grout must be gravelpacked.

(3) Area 3. All persons engaged in drillingdomestic wells in area 3, northwest Missouriarea, (Figure 3) shall—

(A) If the well is to be drilled as a glacialdrift or alluvial well;


2. The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of ten and five-eighths inches (105/8") in diameter being at least four inches(4") larger in diameter than the casing to beplaced into it. Well casing must be at leastsix-inch (6") nominal diameter. Graded,chlorinated gravel may be placed into theannular space adjacent to the well screen ornatural (native) gravels in the formation beingdrilled can be allowed to cave back againstthe screen;


(B) If the well is to be drilled as a bedrockwell—

1. Set no less than forty feet (40') ofcasing, extending not less than fifteen feet(15') into bedrock;

2. Construct the drill hole a minimum ofeight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") indiameter to the surface casing point;

3. Install new steel or plastic casing asspecified in 10 CSR 23-3.030 (steel) or 10CSR 23-3.070 (plastic); and

4. Install and seal casing as follows:A. Full-length grout is preferred and

will ensure a better annular seal, but sealingthe lowermost thirty feet (30') of casing usingapproved grout materials and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drillcuttings and a drive shoe or drill cuttings

used by themselves are not approved groutmaterials. Drill cuttings may be placed abovegrouted interval to fill in the annular space—

(I) If steel casing is used, a driveshoe is required except on wells where thegrout is allowed to cure before drillingresumes;

(II) If plastic casing is used, apacker, coupling or inverted bell is requiredto be secured near the bottom of the casingand must hold the grout in place whiledrilling continues. No packer, coupling orinverted bell is required if grout is allowed tocure before drilling resumes;

(III) The following times must befollowed for curing grout when no packer isused:

(a) Hi-early cement—minimumset time of twelve (12) hours;

(b) Portland Type I cement—minimum set time of seventy-two (72) hours;

(c) Chipped bentonite—mini-mum hydration time of four (4) hours; and

(d) High solids bentonite slur-ry—varies based on additives and manufac-turer’s specifications;

(C) If usable amounts of water are notexpected to be available in deeper bedrockhorizons and water is only available from theupper, fractured and weathered portion ofbedrock, and if the water is coming from azone that is at least forty feet (40') deep, youmust set a minimum of forty feet (40') of cas-ing but only one foot (1') of this casing needbe set into the bedrock. This allows the use ofshallower water horizons under some circum-stances; and

(D) Five-Inch (5") Casing Wells. A wellmay be completed using a five-inch (5")nominal casing if the following standards aremet:

1. The casing must be set full-length andbe slotted across the producing horizons;

2. The drillhole must be eight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") in diameter with theupper forty feet (40') to be reamed out to tenand five-eighths inches (10 5/8") in diameter;and

3. The upper forty feet (40') of annularspace must be grouted and the remainder ofthe borehole below the grout must be gravelpacked.

(4) Area 4. All persons engaged in drillingdomestic wells in Area 4, northeast Missouriarea, (Figure 7) shall—

(A) If the well is to be drilled as a bedrockwell—

1. Set no less than forty feet (40') ofcasing, extending not less than fifteen feet(15') into bedrock;


3. Install new steel or plastic casing asspecified in 10 CSR 23-3.030 (steel) or 10CSR 23-3.070 (plastic); and

4. Install and seal casing as follows:A. Full-length grout is preferred and

will ensure a better annular seal but sealingthe lowermost thirty (30') of casing usingapproved grout materials and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drillcuttings and a drive shoe or drill cuttingsused by themselves are not approved groutmaterials. Drill cuttings may be placed abovegrouted interval to fill in the annular space—


(II) If plastic casing is used, apacker, coupling or inverted bell is requiredto be secured near the bottom of the casingand must hold the grout in place whiledrilling continues. No packer, coupling orinverted bell is required if grout is allowed tocure before drilling resumes; and






(B) If the well is to be drilled as an uncon-solidated materials well—


2. The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of ten and five-eighths inches (105/8") in diameter being at least four inches(4") larger in diameter than the casing to beplaced into it. Well casing must be at leastsix-inch (6") nominal diameter. Graded,chlorinated gravel may be placed into theannular space adjacent to the well screen ornatural (native) gravels in the formation beingdrilled can be allowed to cave back againstthe screen; and



Secretary of State


(C) If usable amounts of water or water ofacceptable quality are not expected to beavailable in deeper bedrock horizons andwater is only available from the upper, frac-tured and weathered portion of bedrock, andif the water is coming from a zone that is atleast forty feet (40') deep, a minimum offorty feet (40') of casing must be set but onlyone foot (1') of this casing need be set intothe bedrock. This allows the use of shallowerwater horizons under some circumstances.

(5) Area 5. All persons engaged in drillingdomestic wells in area 5, Missouri Bootheeland all major stream alluvial areas (Figure 5)shall—

(A) If the well is to be drilled as a bedrockwell—

1. Set no less than eighty feet (80') ofcasing, extending not less than thirty feet(30') into bedrock;


3. Install new steel or plastic casing asspecified in 10 CSR 23-3.030 (steel) or 10CSR 23-3.070 (plastic);

4. Install and seal casing as follows: A. Full-length grout is preferred and

will ensure a better annular seal but sealingthe lowermost thirty feet (30') of casing usingapproved grout materials and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drillcuttings and a drive shoe or drill cuttingsused by themselves are not approved groutmaterials. Drill cuttings may be placed abovegrouted interval to fill in the annular space;








(B) If the well is to be drilled as an uncon-solidated materials well—


2. The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of four inches (4") larger than thecasing to be placed into it. Well casing mustbe at least four-inch (4") nominal diameter.Graded, chlorinated gravel may be placedinto the annular space adjacent to the wellscreen or natural (native) gravels in the for-mation being drilled can be allowed to caveback against the screen; and


(C) Shallow unconsolidated wells locatedin Area 5, the Missouri Bootheel (Figure 8)and all major stream alluvial areas may beexempted from this rule. If the wells anddrillers of the wells meet the following spec-ifications they are exempted:

1. Wells are drilled, jetted, driven,washed or constructed in other ways;

2. Wells are constructed in unconsoli-dated materials; and

3. Well casing diameters are no largerthan two inches (2").

(6) Area 6. All persons engaged in drillingdomestic wells in Area 6, St. FrancoisMountain area (Figure 6) shall—

(A) Where granite or igneous rock is with-in one hundred feet (100') below the surface,set not less than forty feet (40') of casingextending not less than fifteen feet (15') intobedrock—




will ensure a better annular seal, but sealingthe lowermost thirty feet (30') of casing usingapproved grout materials and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drillcuttings and a drive shoe or drill cuttingsused by themselves are not approved groutmaterials. Drill cuttings may be placed abovethe grouted interval to fill in the annularspace;


(II) If plastic casing is used, apacker, coupling or inverted bell is required

to be secured near the bottom of the casingand must hold the grout in place whiledrilling continues. No packer, coupling orinverted bell is required if grout is allowed tocure before drilling resumes; and





(d) High solids bentonite slur-ry—varies based on additives and manufac-turer’s specifications.

(B) In areas where granite is more than onehundred feet (100') below the surface, set notless than eighty feet (80') of casing not lessthan thirty feet (30') into bedrock.

1. Construct the drillhole a minimum ofeight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") indiameter to the surface casing point.



will ensure a better annular seal, but sealingthe lowermost thirty feet (30') of casing usingapproved grout materials and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drillcuttings and a drive shoe or drill cuttingsused by themselves are not approved groutmaterials. Drill cuttings may be placed abovethe grouted interval to fill in the annularspace;







(d) High solids bentonite slur-ry—varies based on additives and manufac-turer’s specifications.



AUTHORITY: sections 256.606 and 256.626,RSMo Supp. 1991.* Original rule filed April2, 1987, effective July 27, 1987. Emergencyamendment filed Nov. 16, 1993, effectiveDec. 11, 1993, expired April 9, 1994.Amended: Filed Aug. 17, 1993, effectiveMarch 10, 1994.


10 CSR 23-3.100 Sensitive Areas

PURPOSE: This rule sets specific additionalconstruction standards for sensitive areasshown on the map that have been designatedon the basis of either naturally occurringproblems caused by unique groundwaterchemistry, anthropogenic contamination, orbecause they are located in a fragile ground-water environment which is experiencingrapid population growth or urbanization.

(1) Sensitive Area A. All persons engaged indrilling wells in this area (Figure 8) andencounter Pennsylvanian shales and/or sand-stones shall—

(A) Set no less than eighty feet (80') ofcasing extending not less than thirty feet (30')into bedrock where Pennsylvanian shale andsandstone are not present and no less thanone hundred fifty feet (150') of casingextending not less than thirty feet (30') intobedrock where the Pennsylvanian shale andsandstone are present;

(B) Construct the drillhole a minimum ofeight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") indiameter to the surface casing point;

(C) Install new steel or plastic casing asspecified in 10 CSR 23-3.030 (steel) or 10CSR 23-3.070 (plastic);

(D) Install and seal casing as follows: 1. Full-length grout is preferred and will

ensure a better annular seal but sealing thelowermost thirty feet (30') of casing usingapproved grout materials and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drillcuttings and a drive shoe or drill cuttingsused by themselves are not approved groutmaterials. Drill cuttings may be placed abovegrouted interval to fill in the annular space—

A. If steel casing is used, a drive shoeis required except on wells where the grout isallowed to cure before drilling resumes; and

B. If plastic casing is used, a packer,coupling or inverted bell is required to besecured near the bottom of the casing andmust hold the grout in place while drillingcontinues. No packer, coupling or invertedbell is required if grout is allowed to curebefore drilling resumes; and



B. Portland Type I cement—mini-mum set time of seventy-two (72) hours;


D. High solids bentonite slurry—varies based on additives and manufacturer’sspecifications.

(2) Sensitive Area B. Wells drilled withinone-quarter (1/4) mile of the major lakes inMissouri (Figure 8) (see list of lakes) must becased so that they do not produce lake waterinto their wells. Wells drilled within one-quarter (1/4) mile of the major lakes that arenot drilled below normal pool level of thelake are not required to meet sensitive Area Brequirements. These wells must be construct-ed to Area 1 requirements stated in 10 CSR23-3.090(1). The following specificationsshall be followed:

(A) List of Lakes—1. Truman; 2. Stockton; 3. Table Rock; 4. Bull Shoals; 5. Lake of the Ozarks; 6. Wappappello; 7. Pomme de Terre; 8. Norfolk; and9. Clearwater.

(B) If the well is to be drilled closer thanone-quarter (1/4) mile to the shoreline of thelake, casing must be set to a point fifty feet(50') below the bottom of the lake. The deep-est part of the lake within one-quarter (1/4)mile radius from the well location shall beused in this determination. Example: If thedrill site is located one thousand feet (1,000')from the lake, is located fifty feet (50') high-er in elevation than the shoreline and thedeepest estimated bottom of the lake withinone-quarter (1/4) mile from the well is thirtyfeet (30') deep, then one hundred and thirtyfeet (130') of casing must be set. Fifty feet(50') (elevation above lake) + thirty feet(30') (depth of water) + fifty feet (50')(below lake bottom) = one hundred thirtyfeet (130') casing;

(C) It is highly recommended that before awell is drilled that is located closer than one-quarter (1/4) mile to the shoreline of anymajor lake, a casing point request form (sup-plied by the division) be submitted to thedivision. The casing point request form willbe used to establish the required amount ofcasing and will supply information onrequested water yield amounts and corre-sponding total depth of well. To ensure the

location of the proposed drill site a copy ofthe landowner’s property deed showingdetailed location information and a copy ofthe landowner’s plat (if available) showingproposed drilling site location, must beattached to completed casing point requestform. The casing point request form will beprocessed quickly and returned to thelandowner or driller, or both. After the wellis drilled the casing point request form mustbe submitted with the certification form. If awell is drilled within one-quarter (1/4) mileof one (1) of the lakes contained in section (2)and less than the required amount of casing isset, the well installation contractor mustbring the well up to the standards set in thisrule and will be subject to disciplinary actiondeemed necessary by the division;

(D) A minimum of eighty feet (80') of cas-ing must be set;

(E) The drill hole shall be constructed aminimum of eight and five-eighths inches (85/8") in diameter to the surface casing point;

(F) The new steel or plastic casing shall beinstalled as specified in 10 CSR 23-3.030(steel) or 10 CSR 23-3.070 (plastic);

(G) The casing shall be installed and scaledas follows:

1. Full-length grout is preferred and willensure a better annular seal but sealing thelowermost thirty feet (30') of casing usingapproved grout materials and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required. Drillcuttings and a drive shoe or drill cuttingsused by themselves are not approved groutmaterials. Drill cuttings may be placed abovegrouted interval to fill in the annular space;

A. If steel casing is used, a drive shoeis required except on wells where the grout isallowed to cure before drilling resumes;

B. If plastic casing is used, a packer,coupling or inverted bell is required near thebottom of the casing and must hold the groutin place while drilling continues. No packer,coupling or inverted bell is required if groutis allowed to cure before drilling resumes;

C. The following time must be fol-lowed for curing grout when no packer isused:

(I) Hi-early cement—minimum settime of twelve (12) hours;


(III) Chipped bentonite—minimumhydration time of four (4) hours; and

(IV) High solids bentonite slurry—varies based on additives and manufacturer’sspecifications; and

(H) In areas that have water quality prob-lems that would be aggravated by the use ofsteel casing, plastic casing is recommended.If it is necessary to set steel casing due to


Secretary of State


geologic reasons, the following may substi-tute for casing:

1. Set no less than eighty feet (80') ofcasing; and

2. Liner must be set through the casingto point as determined in subsection (1)(C).Example: If the casing point was determinedto be one hundred and eighty feet (180'), onehundred and eighty feet (180') of liner mustbe set. The liner must meet all requirementsas stated in 10 CSR 23-3.080, includinggrouting.

(3) Sensitive Area C. The Springfield area isone in which urbanization is occurring at arapid rate in an extremely sensitive and frag-ile geologic and hydrologic setting. The areais underlain by fractured, and cavernouslimestone and pollutants are able to migratequickly, both vertically and horizontally.Because of these factors, it is necessary totreat this area differently than surroundingareas and have stricter well construction stan-dards. All persons engaged in drilling ofwells in the sensitive area C (Figure 8)shall—

(A) The casing shall be set as determinedby Area C casing depth map. When drillingin Sensitive Area C, it is strongly recom-mended that a casing point request be sub-mitted so that the exact amount of casing canbe set, limiting the amount of grout required.Approval must be obtained before drillingbegins. Area C casing depth map sets theminimum amount of required casing that willextend at least ten feet (10') below theNorthview Shale. Due to surface elevationchanges within the quarter (1/4) section (one-quarter (1/4) mile), the amount of casing stat-ed on the casing depth map may extend morethan ten feet (10') below the bottom of theNorthview Shale. In those instances, wherethe casing extends more than ten feet (10')below the bottom of the Northview Shale,more than thirty feet (30') of grout isrequired to seal off the Northview Shale. See10 CSR 23-3.100(3)(D);

(B) The drillhole shall be constructed aminimum of eight and five-eighths inches (85/8") in diameter to the surface casing point;

(C) New steel or plastic casing shall beinstalled as specified in 10 CSR 23-3.030(steel) or 10 CSR 23-3.070 (plastic);

(D) Full-length grout is preferred and willensure a better annular seal but sealing thelowermost thirty feet (30') of casing usingapproved grout materials and procedures setout in 10 CSR 23-3.030 is required if the cas-ing does not go more than ten feet (10')below the bottom of the Northview Shale.Due to surface elevation changes within thequarter (1/4) section (one-quarter (1/4)

mile), the amount of casing required is calcu-lated at the highest elevation. Therefore, if awell is drilled in a lower elevation area, therequired casing will go more than ten feet(10') below the bottom of the NorthviewShale. In many cases, thirty feet (30') ofgrout will not seal off the Northview Shalesince the bottom of the casing is much deep-er. The Northview Shale interval must begrouted from ten feet (10') below to the topof the shale regardless of the amount of cas-ing set. A minimum of thirty feet (30') ofgrout is required. Drill cuttings and a driveshoe or drill cuttings used by themselves arenot approved grout materials. Drill cuttingsmay be placed above grouted interval to fill inthe annular space. Install and seal casing asfollows:

1. If steel casing is used, a drive shoe isrequired except on wells where the grout isallowed to cure before drilling resumes;

2. If plastic casing is used, a packer,coupling or inverted bell is required to besecured near the bottom of the casing andmust hold the grout in place while drillingcontinues. No packer, coupling or invertedbell is required if grout is allowed to curebefore drilling resumes; and



B. Portland Type I cement—mini-mum set time of seventy-two (72) hours;


D. High solids bentonite slurry—varies based on additives and manufacturer’sspecifications; and

(E) In areas that have water quality prob-lems that would be aggravated by the use ofsteel casing, plastic casing is recommended.If it is necessary to set steel casing due togeologic reasons, the following may substi-tute for casing:

1. No less than one hundred feet (100')of casing shall be set. The drill hole shall beconstructed a minimum of eight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") in diameter and newsix-inch (6") inside diameter steel casingshall be installed as specified in 10 CSR 23-3.030. A six-inch (6") hole is then drilled tototal depth and a plastic liner having an out-side diameter no greater than four and one-half inches (4 1/2") shall be secured intoplace. No variances will be issued for thisrequirement; and

2. Liner must be set through the casingto the required casing point. The liner mustbe set to the casing depth as determined byArea C casing depth map. The liner mustmeet all requirements as stated in 10 CSR 23-

3.080 concerning liners, including grouting.More than sixty feet (60') of grout may berequired as stated in 10 CSR 23-3.100(3)(D).

(4) Special Area. Due to the unique and var-ied geological conditions present because thebedrock is deeply weathered and often highlyfractured, openings filled with mud mayextend deep into the bedrock. Caving-in ofthe hole during drilling and after well con-struction is a problem. The following rulesare the minimum that are required but inmany cases much more steel casing may benecessary to secure the well bore. Also, insome cases plastic liner is not strong enoughto hold the well bore open and steel should beused. All persons engaged in the drilling of adomestic well in special area 1 (see Figure 1and Figure 7 included herein) shall—

(A) Set no less than eighty feet (80') ofcasing. The hole shall be cased fifteen feet(15') below residuum, broken rock, or mudpockets into solid bedrock or if rock is notencountered within one hundred and fifty feet(150') consult the division for further instruc-tions concerning a variance, unless casingwill be set into deeper bedrock;

(B) Construct the drill hole a minimum ofeight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") indiameter to the surface casing point;

(C) Install new steel casing as specified in10 CSR 23-3.030. Plastic casing of any typewill not be allowed in this area; and

(D) Install and seal casing as follows: 1. Full-length grout is highly recom-

mended and will ensure a better annular sealbut sealing the lowermost thirty feet (30') ofcasing using approved grout materials andprocedures set out in 10 CSR 23-3.030 isrequired. Drill cuttings with a drive shoe ordrill cuttings used by themselves are notapproved grout materials. Drill cuttings maybe placed above grouted interval to fill in theannular space;

2. A drive shoe is required except onwells where the grout is allowed to curebefore drilling resumes.

A. The following times must be fol-lowed for curing grout when no packer isused:

(I) Hi-early cement—minimum settime of twelve (12) hours;


(III) Chipped bentonite—minimumhydration time of four (4) hours;

(IV) High solids bentonite slurry—varies based on additives and manufacturer’sspecifications; and

3. If drilling conditions do not permit abottom seal, then the casing must be drivenand grouting material introduced around the



outside casing while the casing is being driv-en. If the casing cannot be sealed to preventsurface contamination from entering the well,a liner must be set and sealed according to 10CSR 23-3.080.

(E) In areas where poor drilling conditionsexist and it is necessary to drive multiplestrings of smaller diameter casing through thesurface casing, each succeeding liner shouldextend into the preceding liner or casing atleast twenty feet (20') and the annulus creat-ed between the casing and liner must begrouted.

(F) In wells where it is necessary to setcasing below static water levels, it may beadvisable to set plastic liner as stated in 10CSR 23-3.080 from the surface to a pointbelow the pumping water level to avoid exces-sive iron in the produced well water.

(5) Special Area 2 Definitions.(A) “Lower aquifer” means that portion of

transmissive, water-bearing geologic materialextending from the Cotter Dolomite toigneous bedrock. The lower aquifer includesall formations constituting the Ozark Aquiferand the St. Francois Aquifer in the south-western portion of the state.

(B) “Low-permeability bedrock” meansthat portion of geologic material between thelower aquifer and upper aquifer that does notreadily transmit water in sufficient quantitiesto supply a well. The Northview Formation,the Chattanooga Shale, and the upper thirtyfeet (30') of the Cotter Dolomite shall consti-tute the low-permeability bedrock. The low-permeability bedrock serves as a natural bar-rier to groundwater mixing between theupper aquifer and lower aquifer. See Figure7A included herein for an illustration of geol-ogy in Special Area 2.

(C) “Upper aquifer” means that portion ofthe transmissive, water-bearing geologicmaterial above the top of the low-permeabili-ty bedrock. The upper aquifer includes allformations constituting the SpringfieldPlateau Aquifer in the southwestern portionof the state.

(D) “Maximum contaminant level (MCL)”is the maximum permissible concentration ofa contaminant in drinking water as listed bythe National Primary Drinking WaterRegulations (NPDWR).

(E) “Action level (AL)” is the maximumpermissible concentration of lead in drinkingwater as specified in the Code of FederalRegulations. ALs are levels used for con-taminants that do not have established MCLs.

(F) “TCE” shall mean the organic chemi-cal trichloroethylene (a common solvent) andits known degradation products, including but

not limited to dichloroethylene and vinylchloride.

(G) “Impact area” is defined as that landsurface area that is underlain or surroundedby water-bearing units that contain ground-water above the MCL or AL for at least one(1) contaminant of concern (lead, cadmium,TCE or TCE degradation products, or othercontaminants of the NPDWR). Standard con-touring methodology shall be used to delin-eate the MCL and AL isoconcentration line,which will define the geographic limit of animpact area.

(6) Special Area 2. All of Newton Countyand Jasper County shall be listed as SpecialArea 2 (Figure 7B included herein) due to thecontamination of portions of the upperaquifer by one (1) or more of the following:lead, cadmium, TCE, TCE degradation prod-ucts or other contaminants of the NPDWR.The upper aquifer and lower aquifer are sep-arated by a thickness of low-permeabilitybedrock (Figure 7A). This low-permeabilitybedrock limits migration of groundwater andany associated contamination from the upperaquifer to the lower aquifer. Wells that pen-etrate the low-permeability bedrock withoutan adequate length of surface casing whichhas had the annulus sealed by approved meth-ods through the low-permeability bedrockmay place the lower aquifer at risk to futurecontamination. Due to chemical and metalcontamination present in the upper aquifer inportions of this area, it is necessary to requiremore stringent well construction standardsfor new wells that are drilled into the loweraquifer, to cease construction of additionalupper aquifer wells in impact areas, and tolimit deepening of existing upper aquiferwells in impact areas. New wells construct-ed outside of the impact area shall be con-structed to standards that are no less stringentthan the minimum well construction require-ments for Area 1. All persons engaged indrilling wells in Special Area 2 shall—

(A) Before beginning construction of thewell, determine if the well to be drilled islocated within the impact area as shown onmaps provided by the division or as deter-mined by division staff. If data indicatechange in impact area status, the impact areamap may be modified by the division duringJanuary of the calendar year and that mapwill be maintained and available at:Department of Natural Resources, PO Box250, Rolla, MO 65402-0250.

(B) Drill new wells within the impact areato a depth required to produce water from thelower aquifer. All new wells drilled in theimpact area shall have steel or plastic casingproperly installed and grouted to the depthdetermined by the Special Area 2 casingdepth map.

1. The drill hole shall be a minimum ofeight and five-eighths inches (8 5/8") indiameter to the surface casing point;

2. New steel casing shall be installed asspecified in 10 CSR 23-3.030 (steel);

3. The well must be sealed by positivedisplacement grouting with high-solids ben-tonite slurry. The annulus between the casingand the borehole wall shall be grouted fromthe base of the borehole. The volume of groutshall be no less than the calculated volumenecessary to accomplish full-length groutingof the annulus. Alternatively, full-length pres-sure grouting (10 CSR 23-3.030(3)(A)4.)with high-solids bentonite slurry or neatcement meets the requirements of this rule. Inaddition, casing must be sealed as follows:

A. When steel casing is used, a driveshoe is required except on wells where thegrout is allowed to cure as specified in sub-paragraph (6)(B)3.C. of this rule beforedrilling resumes;

B. If plastic casing is used, a drillhole shall be constructed a minimum of teninches (10") in diameter to the casing point.Plastic casing shall be installed as specifiedin 10 CSR 23-3.070 (plastic) and, a packer,coupling, or inverted bell is required to besecured near the bottom of the casing andmust hold the grout in place while drillingcontinues. PVC and ABS plastic casingshall not be used when known gasoline orsolvent contamination exists within theimpact area. The annular space shall besealed as specified in paragraph (6)(B)3. ofthis rule. No packer, coupling, or invertedbell is required on wells where the grout isallowed to cure as specified in subparagraph(6)(B)3.C. of this rule before drillingresumes; and

C. The following times must beallowed for curing grout when no packer isused:

(I) High-solids bentonite slurry—varies based on additives and manufacturer’sspecifications. At least one hour of curingafter initial slurry placement is suggested.This amount of curing time should elapseduring casing placement.

(C) Uncontaminated upper aquifer wells inimpact areas of Special Area 2 existing beforethe date of this rule may be deepened to thetop of the low-permeability bedrock.

(D) Water from all new wells and deepenedold wells throughout Special Area 2 shall besampled and analyzed for lead and cadmium,plus TCE and its degradation products withinTCE impact areas. Where indicated by objec-tive factors, the division may require sam-pling and analysis for other contaminants list-ed in the NPDWR. Qualified and properlytrained persons must complete sample collec-tion. The laboratory that analyzes the sample


Secretary of State




must be approved by the EPA for such analy-sis. A copy of the chain of custody form shallbe submitted to the division with the well cer-tification report form to document samplinghas occurred. An appropriate chain of cus-tody form will be available from the division.

1. In order to ensure proper well devel-opment, the well pump must run continuous-ly for five (5) hours or until the water clears,whichever occurs first, but in no case shallthe well be pumped less than two (2) contin-uous hours.

2. After proper well development, watersamples shall be collected from the tap near-est the well.

3. All new and deepened old wells inSpecial Area 2 shall be constructed with asampling port or tap within ten feet (10') ofthe wellhead. Water must be purged from thesampling port prior to collection of a sample.

4. Water from all new wells in SpecialArea 2 with less than three (3) times theapplicable maximum contaminant level(MCL) or action level (AL) may be retestedover a one (1)-month period following pumpinstallation and development to assess waterquality changes that may have resulted fromdrilling and/or well construction. The wellcannot be used for human consumption untilcontaminant levels are below MCLs or ALs.Qualified and properly trained persons mustcomplete sample collection. The laboratorythat analyzes the sample must be approved bythe EPA for such analysis. A copy of thechain of custody form shall be submitted tothe division with the well certification reportform to document sampling has occurred.An appropriate chain of custody form will beavailable from the division. The divisionmay require any new well, whose contami-nant levels do not fall below MCLs or ALsafter the retest period, to be plugged.

5. Properly constructed new loweraquifer wells that are determined to be con-taminated may be allowed to use water treat-ment systems on a variance basis, if otherdomestic water sources are not available atthe time of well construction. Otherwise, thewell must be plugged by using full-length,high-solids bentonite grout emplaced bytremie pipe which extends to within twenty-five feet (25') of the bottom of the borehole.Grout, extending from the bottom of theborehole to within two feet (2') of land sur-face and finished per 10 CSR 23-3.110(2)(A)3.G., is preferred; in any case, theminimum volume of grout shall be no lessthan the volume calculated as necessary toaccomplish full length plugging of the well.

6. Existing wells that extend uncasedand/or unsealed through the low-permeabili-ty bedrock and that are found to be contami-nated with lead, or cadmium, or TCE, TCEdegradation products, or other contaminants

of the NPDWR may be required to beplugged full-length with high-solids bentonitegrout, emplaced by tremie pipe, whichextends to within twenty-five feet (25') of thebottom of the borehole. Grout, extendingfrom the bottom of the borehole to within twofeet (2') of land surface and finished per 10CSR 23-3.110(2)(A)3.G., is preferred; inany case, the minimum volume of grout shallbe no less than the volume calculated as nec-essary to accomplish full-length plugging ofthe well.

(7) Special Area 3. Portions of FranklinCounty within and south of the city of NewHaven shall be listed as Special Area 3(Figures 7B and 7C included herein) due tothe contamination of portions of the aquiferby one (1) or more of the following chemicalsof concern: tetrachloroethylene (PCE),trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene(PCE) degradation products, TCE degrada-tion products or other contaminants of theNational Public Drinking Water Regulations(NPDWR). In this area it is necessary to uti-lize more stringent well construction stan-dards for new wells that are drilled into theaquifer and to limit the deepening of existingupper aquifer wells.

(A) The division shall be consulted beforeconstructing a new well in Special Area 3.The division will provide specific guidanceon well drilling protocol and constructionspecifications on a case-by-case basis. Thedivision must provide written approval for allnew wells prior to construction.

(B) Before deepening a well in SpecialArea 3, groundwater sampling and analysisfor the chemicals of concern must be con-ducted by qualified and properly trained indi-viduals and the data submitted within sixty(60) days of the sampling event by the wellinstallation contractor to the division. Thedivision must provide written approval for thedeepening of all new wells in Special Area 3.Wells that have been sampled and analyzedand are contaminated with chemicals of con-cern exceeding maximum contaminant levels(MCLs) and/or action levels (ALs) shall notbe deepened.

(C) In addition to specific instructions thatare provided by the division pursuant to 10CSR 23-3.100(7)(A) and (B), the followingmust be performed at all new wells installedin Special Area 3:

1. All drilling-derived fluids and solidmaterials shall be containerized and sampledbefore disposal in an appropriate locationbased on analytical results;

2. All new and deepened old wells inSpecial Area 3 shall be constructed with asampling port or tap within ten feet (10') ofthe wellhead. Water must be purged from thesampling port prior to collection of a sample;

3. After proper well development, waterfrom all new wells located in Special Area 3shall be sampled and analyzed for the chem-icals of concern, as determined by the divi-sion. Qualified and properly trained personsmust complete sample collection. In order todocument sampling has occurred, a copy ofthe chain of custody form shall be submittedby the pump installation contractor to thedivision within sixty (60) days of pumpinstallation; and

4. The data report from all analysesshall be made available by the pump installa-tion contractor to the division and the wellowner within sixty (60) days of the samplingevent.

(D) At any well being drilled, per divisionguidance, in which PCE and/or TCE isencountered in a pure-product phase (alsoknown as dense non-aqueous phase liquid orDNAPL), drilling shall cease and the divi-sion shall be notified immediately. The divi-sion will determine further action.

(E) Properly constructed new or deepenedwells that, upon sampling and analysis, arecontaminated at levels exceeding MCLs orALs shall:

1. Be plugged full-length using high-solids bentonite slurry, six percent (6%) ben-tonite cement or neat cement grout placedunder pressure via tremie pipe which extendsto within twenty-five feet (25') of the bottomof the borehole. Grout shall extend from thebottom of the borehole to within two feet (2')of land surface. Prior to plugging, all pumpsand debris must be removed from the wells.Any liner must be removed or perforated ifpossible. Casing must be cut at least threefeet (3') below ground surface. A registrationreport and fee (if required) must be submittedwithin sixty (60) days of abandonment; or

2. With approval from the division, thewell owner shall be allowed to install a watertreatment system that is designed to properlytreat the chemical(s) of concern. The wellshall not be used for human consumptionuntil sampling and analysis demonstrates thatthe water treatment system reduces contami-nant levels below MCLs and/or ALs for allchemicals of concern. The division shall beprovided a copy of the post-treatment analyt-ical data by the pump contractor within sixty(60) days of the sampling event.

(8) Special Area 4. Portions of St. CharlesCounty west of the city of Weldon Springshall be listed as Special Area 4 (Figure 7Dincluded herein) due to the contamination ofportions of the aquifer by one (1) or more ofthe following chemicals of concern: trinitro-toluene (TNT) and dinitrotoluene (DNT) atthe U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE)site, 2,4,6-TNT, 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT, dini-trobenzene (1,3-DNB), nitrobenzene (NB),

nitrate, uranium, and trichloroethylene (TCE)at the Department of Energy (DOE) MainSite, uranium, and 2,4-DNT, at the DOEQuarry, or other contaminants of the NationalPublic Drinking Water Regulations(NPDWR). In this area it is necessary to uti-lize more stringent well construction stan-dards for new wells that are drilled into theaquifer and to limit the deepening of existingupper aquifer wells.

(A) The division shall be consulted beforeconstructing a new well in Special Area 4.The division will provide specific guidanceon well drilling protocol, construction speci-fications and groundwater sampling on acase-by-case basis. The division must providewritten approval for all new wells prior toconstruction.

(B) Before deepening a well in SpecialArea 4, groundwater sampling and analysisfor the chemicals of concern must be con-ducted by qualified and properly trained indi-viduals and the data submitted within sixty(60) days of the sampling event by the wellinstallation contractor to the division. Thedivision must provide written approval for thedeepening of all new wells in Special Area 4.Wells that have been sampled and analyzedand are contaminated with chemicals of con-cern exceeding maximum contaminant levels(MCLs), action levels (ALs), and/or remedi-ation goals included in the DOE/COE Recordof Decision (ROD) for the Weldon Springsites shall not be deepened.

(C) In addition to specific instructions thatare provided by the division pursuant to 10CSR 23-3.100(8)(A) and (B), the followingmust be performed at all new wells installedin Special Area 4:

1. All new and deepened old water wellsin Special Area 4 shall be constructed with asampling port or tap within ten feet (10') ofthe wellhead. Water must be purged from thesampling port prior to collection of a sample;

2. After proper well development, waterfrom all new wells located in Special Area 4shall be sampled and analyzed for the chem-icals of concern, as determined by the divi-sion. Qualified and properly trained personsmust complete sample collection. Samplingqualifications and training requirements willbe determined in advance of sampling by thedivision and approval will be issued in writ-ten format. In order to document samplinghas occurred, a copy of the chain of custodyform shall be submitted by the pump installa-tion contractor to the division within sixty(60) days of pump installation; and

3. The data report from all analysesshall be made available by the pump installa-tion contractor to the division and the well

owner within sixty (60) days of the samplingevent.

(D) Properly constructed new or deepenedwells that, upon sampling and analysis, arecontaminated at levels exceeding MCLs,ALs, and/or remediation goals included inthe DOE/COE ROD for the Weldon Springsites shall:

1. Be plugged full-length using high-solids bentonite slurry, six percent (6%) ben-tonite cement or neat cement grout placedunder pressure via tremie pipe which extendsto within twenty-five feet (25') of the bottomof the borehole. Grout shall extend from thebottom of the borehole to within two feet (2')of land surface. Prior to plugging all pumpsand debris must be removed from the wells.Any liner must be removed or perforated ifpossible. Casing must be cut at least threefeet (3') below ground surface. A registrationreport and fee (if required) must be submittedwithin sixty (60) days of abandonment; or

2. With prior approval from the divi-sion, the well owner shall be allowed toinstall a water treatment system that isdesigned to properly treat the chemical(s) ofconcern. The well shall not be used forhuman consumption until sampling and anal-ysis demonstrates that the water treatmentsystem reduces contaminant levels belowMCLs, ALs, and/or remediation goalsincluded in the DOE/COE ROD for theWeldon Spring sites for all chemicals of con-cern. The division shall be provided a copy ofthe post-treatment analytical data by thepump contractor within sixty (60) days of thesampling event.

(E) Notwithstanding these provisions, thefederal government does not waive its rightsand authority under federal law, regulations,or executive order within the boundaries andapplicable jurisdiction of federal property.


Secretary of State



Secretary of State




AUTHORITY: sections 256.606 and 256.626,RSMo 2000.* Original rule filed April 2,1987, effective July 27, 1987. Emergencyamendment filed Nov. 16, 1993, effectiveDec. 11, 1993, expired April 9, 1994.Amended: Filed Aug. 17, 1993, effectiveMarch 10, 1994. Amended: Filed July 13,1994, effective Jan. 29, 1995. Amended:Filed Nov. 1, 1995, effective June 30, 1996.Amended: Filed April 23, 2001, effectiveDec. 30, 2001. Emergency amendment filedMarch 21, 2005, effective April 1, 2005,expired Sept. 27, 2005. Amended: Filed Sept.27, 2005, effective April 30, 2006. Amended:Filed Jan. 4, 2007, effective Aug. 30, 2007.


10 CSR 23-3.110 Plugging of Wells

PURPOSE: This rule establishes criteria forthe proper plugging procedures to be fol-lowed when abandoning a well. Pluggingprocedures for monitoring wells are con-tained in 10 CSR 23-4.080, for heat pumpwells in 10 CSR 23-5.080 and for test holesin 10 CSR 23-6.050.

Editor’s Note: This rule was originally filedas part of 10 CSR 23-3.020 GeneralProtection of Groundwater. It is proposed asa separate rule because of added emphasisgiven to abandonment procedures in theamendment to the law.

(1) Any well which is to be abandoned mustbe plugged in accordance with these rules. Ifa well has been determined to present a threatto groundwater, the division may order thatthe well be permanently plugged. If a well isin such a state of disrepair (such as the pumphas been removed or the water line discon-nected) that continued use for purposes ofobtaining groundwater is impractical and thewell has not been in use for a period of two(2) years or more, the division may order thatthe well be permanently plugged.

(2) Permanent Abandonment of Wells. (A) Plugging the Well.

1. A well that is to be permanently aban-doned shall be disconnected from the waterdistribution system and the hole filled to pre-vent contaminating materials from enteringthe subsurface water-bearing formations andgroundwater from one (1) aquifer mixingwith that of another aquifer. Bentonite orcement grout shall be used for grouting mate-rial. If the well is so large that the use ofthese materials is not practical, the divisionwill determine a proper plugging schedule.

All materials, debris and obstructions thatmay interfere with plugging operations shallbe removed from the well. Liner pipe shall beremoved or perforated when necessary toassure placement of an effective plug.

2. The division must be consulted forinstruction in case of abandonment of a con-taminated well or where there is a question ofproper procedure. Sampling of the fluids inthe well may be required. A permitted wellinstallation or pump installation contractormust be utilized to plug the well.

(B) An abandoned well shall be plugged byone (1) of the following methods in this sec-tion in accordance with the materials pene-trated, in such a manner as to prevent it fromacting as a channel for pollution. A report ofthe method of plugging shall be filed with thedivision on a registration report form that isprovided by the division.

(C) Plugging requirements contained in 10CSR 23-3.010–10 CSR 23-3.100 do not per-tain to bedrock irrigation wells and publicwater supply wells which include community,noncommunity and nontransient noncommu-nity type wells. Plugging requirements forthese types of wells will be determined on acase-by-case basis by the division and mustbe performed by a permitted contractor, andmay be more stringent than those for domes-tic and multifamily wells.

1. Hand dug wells and bored wells nodeeper than eighty feet (80'). To plug thistype of well, the following steps must be fol-lowed (see Figure 9):

A. Remove all pumps, pipe, debrisand surface coverings or concrete cap;

B. Push in top three feet (3') of welllining. Lining may be composed of rock,brick or tile. If lining is composed of anyother material consult the division for furtherinstructions;

C. Fill well to within three feet (3')from the surface with clean fill such as grav-el, sand, varied sized agricultural lime orother approved material;

D. Disinfect fill material. If there iswater in the well, chlorine must be added tobring its concentration to at least one hundred(100) parts per million (ppm) (see Table 1 in10 CSR 23-3.050). As the fill material ispoured into the well, it is disinfected as itcomes in contact with the chlorinated water.If there is no water in the well to be plugged,disinfect the fill material before it is placedinto the well;

E. Fill the remaining hole with clay orclay-rich soil. Soil should be mounded slight-ly at the top to help offset settling; and

F. Submit the registration report formand fee to the division.

2. Wells completed in unconsolidateddeposits. This type of well includes alluvialwells, glacial drift wells and nonbedrockwells. To plug this type of well, the followingsteps must be followed:

A. Remove all pumps, pipe and debrisfrom well;

B. Dig around casing and remove topthree feet (3') of casing. The remaining holemust be at least two feet (2') in diameter larg-er than the existing casing (see Figure 10);

C. Fill well from total depth to fiftyfeet (50') from surface with clean fill such asgravel, sand, varied sized agricultural lime orother approved material;

D. Disinfect fill material. If there iswater in the well, you must add chlorine tothe water bringing it to a concentration of atleast one hundred (100 ppm) (see Table 1 in10 CSR 23-3.050). As the fill material ispoured into the well, it is disinfected as itcomes in contact with the chlorinated water.If there is no water in the well to be plugged,disinfect the fill material before it is placedinto the well;

E. Place a grout plug that fills theupper fifty feet (50') of casing and extendsinto the larger excavated area, at least onefoot (1'). In agricultural or yard settings theremaining hole above the grout plug must befilled with soil. In other settings, the remain-ing hole above the grout plug may be filledwith clean fill if the well site is to be paved;and

F. Submit registration report form andfee to the division.

3. Wells completed in bedrock. Thistype of well includes any domestic well thatproduces water from bedrock aquifers (seeFigure 11). To plug this type of well, the fol-lowing steps must be followed:

A. Remove all pumps, pipe and debrisfrom well. Any liner must be removed or per-forated if possible;

B. Dig around casing and remove topthree feet (3') of casing. The remaining holemust be at least two feet (2') in diameter larg-er than the existing casing;

C. Fill well from total depth to fiftyfeet (50') below bottom of casing with cleanfill such as gravel, sand, varied sized agricul-tural lime or other approved fill material;

D. Disinfect fill material. If there iswater in the well, you must add chlorine tothe water bringing it to a concentration of atleast one hundred (100) ppm (see Table 1 in10 CSR 23-3.050). As the fill material ispoured into the well, it is disinfected as itcomes in contact with the chlorinated water.If there is no water in the well to be plugged,disinfect any fill material used before it isplaced into the well;


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E. Place cement or bentonite from apoint fifty feet (50') below the bottom of thecasing to two fee (2') from the surface mak-ing sure the grout extends into the excavatedarea at least one foot (1'). If the water levelis above a point fifty feet (50') below the bot-tom of the casing, then bentonite chips mustbe used or the cement or bentonite slurrymust be emplaced through a tremie pipe low-ered through the water level to the top of thefill. Under no circumstances may cement orbentonite slurry be poured through largecolumns of water without the use of a tremiepipe (see paragraph (2)(C)6. for alternativecement plugging technique);

F. May plug the well, if the well hasone hundred fifty feet (150') or more of cas-ing, by filling the well with clean aggregate toa point fifty feet (50') below the bottom ofthe casing, placing a grout plug from thispoint extending up into the casing thirty feet(30'). From this point to within fifty feet(50') of the surface, clean aggregate fill maybe used. From fifty feet (50') to two feet (2')must be filled with grout making sure thegrout extends into the excavated area at leastone foot (1');

G. Cut casing off at top of bedrock, ifbedrock is encountered when digging aroundthe casing, and fill remaining hole withcement slurry. In agricultural or yard settings,the plug must terminate at least two feet (2')below the finished surface grade and theremaining hole filled with soil. In other set-tings, the remaining hole may be filled withclean fill if the well site is to be paved; and

H. Submit registration report formand fee to division.

4. For those wells which casing depth,water level and total depth are not known andcannot be determined, plugging instructionswill be determined on a case-by-case basisand may be more stringent.

5. As clean fill is being placed into awell, periodic measurements should be takento ensure that the fill does not reach a pointcloser than fifty feet (50') below the bottomof the existing casing. If fill is placed abovethis point, plugging schedules will be deter-mined by the division and may result inremoval of fill material.

6. When plugging a well that containswater that is above a point of fifty feet (50')below the bottom of the casing or liner,whichever is deeper, cement slurry may bepoured into the well if a tremie pipe is placedin the well to near the bottom and acts as aconduit for the water to escape through as thecement slurry is poured into the well casingfrom the surface. The cement slurry must bepoured in one (1) continuous operation.Mixing small batches and pouring is not per-mitted.

7. The flow in a flowing well shall beconfined, if possible, and the well plugged inaccordance with well plugging requirementssupplied by the division which will be deter-mined on a case-by-case basis. Proper judg-ment shall be exercised in the feasibility ofplugging flowing wells. In some cases theconfining formation may have been so badlydisturbed that plugging may only cause theflow to discharge in a less appropriate loca-tion. In other situations, the flow may haveeroded so much material that the landscapehas taken on the appearance of a naturalspring. The plugging in this case may beimpractical, if not impossible.

(3) Owners Responsibility for Plugging Well.The owner shall be responsible for the per-manent plugging of an abandoned well exceptwhen the permittee improperly locates, con-structs or completes the well. The permitteeshall then be responsible for the plugging ofthe well.

(4) Wells Abandoned by Landowners. Wellsabandoned by landowners after August 28,1991, shall be plugged or cause to beplugged, in accordance with this rule.Landowners may plug their own wells locat-ed on property they own or lease, if the wellswere intended for use only in single-familyhouses which are their permanent residences,or were intended for use only for farmingpurposes on their farms, and where thewaters that were produced were not intendedfor use by the public or in any residence otherthan their own. If a landowner pays someoneto assist with the plugging of the well, thatperson must hold a current Missouri wellinstallation contractor permit or Missouripump installation contractor permit except asstated in 10 CSR 23-1.090(2) concerninghand dug wells. If the division makes a find-ing that certain unusual conditions exist at awell that is to be plugged, the division mayrequire that the well be plugged by a permit-ted well installation contractor or a permittedpump installation contractor. Unusual condi-tions exist at a well that is to be plugged if thetotal depth, amount of casing and water levelare not known; a liner is in the well; foreignobjects are stuck in the well; the well is con-taminated with pollutants other than bacteria;or other conditions determined by the divi-sion on a case-by-case basis.

(5) A permittee or landowner who perma-nently abandons any well that is removedfrom service shall report the abandonment tothe division on a registration report form pro-vided by the division. A permittee or land-owner shall report to the division anyunplugged abandoned wells existing on

his/her property (landowner) or property onwhich a permittee is hired to perform welldrilling repair or pump installation.

(6) All wells may be plugged by filling thewell via tremie or pressure grouting withcement slurry, bentonite or bentonite slurryfrom total depth to two feet (2') from the sur-face, if this method exceeds other minimumstandards.

(7) If the division finds that certain condi-tions for high potential of groundwater con-tamination exist at a well, the division mayrequire that a permitted well installation con-tractor or pump installation contractor becontracted to plug the well.

AUTHORITY: sections 256.606, 256.614,256.615 and 256.626, RSMo Supp. 1991.*This rule was previously filed as 10 CSR 23-3.020(3)–(9). Emergency rule filed Nov. 16,1993, effective Dec. 11, 1993, expired April9, 1994. Original rule filed Aug. 17, 1993,effective March 10, 1994. Amended: FiledJuly 13, 1994, effective Jan. 29, 1995.



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