- 1 -Rome, July 2009World, Europe and Italy

- 2 -

Problem drugs in the worldProblem drugs in the world

- 3 -

Global use of psychoactive substances 2007Global use of psychoactive substances 2007

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Alcohol consumers Tobacco consumers At least once a yeardrug users

Problem drug users

in %

of p

opul

atio

n ag

e 15

-64

> 50% ( > 2.2 billion)

25% - 30% (1.1 - 1.3 billion)

4.0% - 5.6% (170 - 250 million) 0.4% - 0.9%

(18 - 38 million)

Sources: UNODC and UNODC estimates based on WHO data

Drugs

- 4 -

Global deaths related to substance abuseGlobal deaths related to substance abuse

Source: World Health Organisation

5 million

1.8 million

0.2 million0.2 million

Drugs

- 5 -

Substance use in Europe among 15-16 year old Substance use in Europe among 15-16 year old students, 2007students, 2007

Source: ESPAD, 2009.

- 6 -

6.2

1.10.1 0.2

7.1

1.20.2 0.4

11.2

2.2

0.4 0.5

14.6

2.2

0.4 0.60.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

Cannabis Cocaine Amphetamines Ecstasy

annu

al p

reva

lenc

e in

%

2001 2003 2005 2007

Annual prevalence of illicit drug use in Italy, Annual prevalence of illicit drug use in Italy, 2001-20072001-2007

Source: EMCDDA, Statistical Bulletin 2009

- 7 -

Number of drug-induced deaths in Italy, 1985-2008Number of drug-induced deaths in Italy, 1985-2008

Sources: EMCDDA, Statistical Bulletin and Polizia di Stato, Relazione Annuale 2008 della Direzione Centrale per I Servizi Antidroga

242292

543

809

974

1161

1383

1217

888 867

1195

1566

11601080

10021016

825

520 517

653 652

517589

502

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008

Num

ber

- 8 -

Number of ‘problem drug users’ 2002-08Number of ‘problem drug users’ 2002-08

Source: UNODC, 2009 World Drug Report.

- 9 -

025,00050,00075,000

100,000125,000150,000175,000200,000225,000

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

Hect

ares

Colombia Peru Bolivia

-8%-24%

-18%

+4%

+6%

221,300

181,600 167,600

Lower coca cultivation in 2008Lower coca cultivation in 2008

- 10 -Source: UNODC, Annual Reports Questionnaire Data / DELTA.

Cocaine seizures in Europe 1998 - 2007Cocaine seizures in Europe 1998 - 2007

3444

29

59

107121

7388 79

47

0

20

40

6080

100

120

14019

98

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

met

ric to

ns

Other

Germany

Belgium

Ireland

United Kingdom

Italy

France

Portugal

Netherlands

Spain

- 11 -

344

711750

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

80020

00

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

seizu

res

in m

etric

tons

West and Central Europe North America South America* Other

Very high cocaine seizures Very high cocaine seizures

Average 2007 purity: 58%

Cocaine seizures presented at street purity

Equivalent to 412

tons pure cocaine

42 % of total

production

Italy 4 tons

- 12 -

92

8276

66

4756

46

37

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

price

s pe

r gra

m

Retail-price inUS$

Retail-price in €

Wholesale pricein US$

Wholesale pricein €

Western Europe: cocaine prices*, 1990-2007Western Europe: cocaine prices*, 1990-2007

* Prices weighted by population

- 13 -

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

Hect

ares

Afghanistan Myanmar Lao PDR

-16%

-19%

+3%

Lower opium cultivation in 2008Lower opium cultivation in 2008

Myanmar

Afghanistan

- 14 -

54 49 54 61 59 57 65

11 2544 39 32 46 27

1110

13 21 3438 51

0

50

100

15020

01

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

met

ric to

ns o

f her

oin

equi

vale

nts

Heroin Morphine Opium (in heroin equivalents*)

143 tons

19 % of total

production

Increasing opiates seizuresIncreasing opiates seizures

- 41%

+ 33%

+ 14%

- 15 -

Number of opiate users among West European Number of opiate users among West European countries countries

Source: UNODC, 2009 World Drug Report.

Italy

- 16 -

6.27.1

11.2

7.0

9.210.1

9.510.510.9

4.7

9.88.6

5.06.2

5.24.4

6.06.9

4.73.5

5.6

7.5

3.5

0.7

2.22.0

8.47.4

14.6

11.211.3

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

2001

2003

2005

2007

1999

2001

2003

2005

2008

1996

2000

2003

2008

1995

2000

2002

2005

1990

2000

2005

1995

2000

2003

2006

1984

*20

02*

2004

2008

2000

2004

2006

annu

al p

reva

lenc

e in

%

Spain England & Wales

GermanyAustria

France

Denmark

Sweden

* UNODC estimates based on local studies.

Italy

Source: UNODC, 2009 World Drug Report.

Falling cannabis use in Western Europe Falling cannabis use in Western Europe – except – except ItalyItaly

- 17 -

21

2831

26

16

23 2321

19

2527

23

15

20

2522

10

14

1916

12

17

2219

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

351995

1999

2003

2007

1995

1999

2003

2007

1995

1999

2003

2007

Boys Girls Total

life-

time

prev

alen

ce in

%

ItalyEurope

Falling cannabis use in 15-16 year oldsFalling cannabis use in 15-16 year olds

Source: ESPAD, 2009.

- 18 -

Lifetime cannabis prevalence among adult population, 2005-06Lifetime cannabis prevalence among adult population, 2005-06

Source: UNODC, 2009 World Drug Report.

- 19 -

0.1

0.20.2

0.40.4

0.5

0.4

0.6

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

Amphetamines Ecstasy

annu

al p

reva

lenc

e in

%

2001 2003 2005 2007

Annual prevalence of ATS use in Italy, 2001-2007Annual prevalence of ATS use in Italy, 2001-2007

Source: EMCDDA, Statistical Bulletin 2009