resources & energy. big ideas: people and other organisms use earth’s resources for everyday...
TRANSCRIPT
BIG Ideas:People and other organisms
use Earth’s resources for everyday living.
People use energy resources, most of which originate from the Sun, for everyday living.
The use of natural resources can impact Earth’s land, air, and water.
I. Resources
LimitedTwo categories:
–Renewable: can be replaced by nature at a rate close to the rate at which they are used
–Nonrenewable: renewed very slowly or not at all
A. Renewable Resources
Resources that can be replaced within a human’s lifetime
Name a few resources that you think are considered renewable…
Water
Wind
Sunlight
B. NONrenewable Resources
Resources that cannot be replaced once they are used
Name a few resources that you think are considered nonrenewable…
Coal
Minerals
C. Formation of Ores
Ores: Deposits of metals and non-metals that can be removed (mined) from the crust profitably.
Can you think of some examples?
Examples of ORES:
pyritemagnetitehematitegalenagraphitesulfur
goldsilvercopperzincnickel leadplatinum
Can you read this ?????
II. Fossil Fuels
organic in origin (formed from living things)
nonrenewable may cause pollution relatively cheap easy to use
What fossil fuels do you know of?
Examples of Fossil Fuels:
coalpetroleumnatural gas
the main sources of energy for transportation, farming, and industry…
A. Coal
Peat: brownish partially decomposed plant remains
Lignite: water and gases squeezed out into a denser material (brown coal)
Bituminous Coal: formed as a result of pressure of more deposited sediment above (soft coal)
Anthracite: produced by extremely high temperatures and pressure; the hardest of all coals
Is anthracite most like an igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rock?
WHY?
Bituminous coal and anthracite consist of 80-90% Carbon, and produce a great amount of heat when they burn
B. Petroleum and Natural Gas
Petroleum and natural gas are mixtures of hydrocarbons
Hydrocarbons formed from microorganisms that lived in oceans or lakes millions of years ago
Petroleum = oil = liquid hydrocarbons
Natural gas = hydrocarbons in gaseous form
Crude Oil: unrefined petroleum
Petrochemical: chemicals derived from petroleum
–synthetic fabrics–medicines– tars–waxes–synthetic rubber– insecticides–chemical fertilizers–detergents–shampoos
1. Passive Systems greenhouses or
home windows
no working parts
2. Active Systems
solar collectors: glass boxes with tubes that circulate water
sun heats the water as it moves through the tubes
B. Geothermal EnergyEnergy from
the heat of the Earth’s interior
Where water flows through rock heated by magma
Hot water (steam) resultsCreates source for huge
supply of energy80% of homes in
Iceland are heated geothermally
Generally used in areas of volcanic activity…
C. Water and Wind Energy1. Hydroelectric Energy: Energy
made by moving water
11% of U.S. electricity is hydroelectric
D. Nuclear Energy1. Nuclear Fission: a heavy nucleus
divides, releasing large amounts of energy.
Advantage:– Does not produce carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases Disadvantages:
– High operating costs– Concerns about radioactive
wastes– Nuclear accidents
2. Nuclear Fusion: multiple atoms join together to form a heavier nucleus–The energy source of the future–Process that provides the sun and
stars with energy to shine–Has been used to produce
nuclear bombs–Not yet successfully
controlled
E. Biomass
Fuels derived from living things:– wood– field crops– fecal material
IV. Virginia’s Rock & Mineral Resources
Coal energyGravel and crushed stone road construction
Limestone making concrete
