research & development, and future use of driving simulators
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Serge JUNG, March 2012. Research & Development, and Future use of driving simulators. Outline. R&D for the driver Requirements Cabin Motion system Display system Virtual world Living environment R&D for the trainer Requirements Trainer station layout Scenario-based vs interactivity - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Research & Development, and Future use of driving simulators
Serge JUNG, March 2012
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
Outline
R&D for the driverRequirementsCabinMotion systemDisplay systemVirtual worldLiving environment
R&D for the trainerRequirementsTrainer station layoutScenario-based vs interactivityReplay for one and for all driversEnd-of-run report
Future useQuestions
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the driver: requirements
FidelitySimilar physical environment as on an actual vehicleSimilar vehicle reactions according to his commandsSimilar field-of-visionRealistic computer generated imagesRealistic behaviours of other road users
ComfortAdequate temperature and ventilationAdjustable driving positionSharp and flicker-free imagesSynchronous kinaesthetic, visual and audio cues
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the driver: cabin
Genuine truck cabAutomatic and robotized transmissionForce-feedback in the steering wheelSeat with pneumatic settings
Truck busInstrumentation cluster = monitorAdditional dashboard controls for busExtra monitors in the cab for busesOutside mirrors adapted to the vehicle
BenefitsFeeling to be in an actual vehicleInstantaneous switch between truck & bus
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the driver: motion system
Full-cab electrical motion system
Hexapod, 6-DOF, all are usedPlaces the cab at a height similar to the actual heightVisual system on boardRealistic vehicle dynamics model
BenefitsFeeling to get on boardFeeling of road unevenessesSustained acceleration (braking) thanks to pitch and gravitySurge and sway for skids, strong braking and shocksYaw when start turningSilent and reliable
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the driver: display system
Large monitors with ultra-thin bezels
Full-HD, pitch 0.65 mm60 FPS image generation
BenefitsGood perception of close distancesSharp images, letting the driver focus far away to avoid discomfortBright enough to simulate sun dazzleBright enough to give the possibility to lit the cabEasy switch between truck and busOn-board with few constraints on motion system (cheaper)No maintenance
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the driver: virtual worldExtent
City, country, and motorwayNarrow roads, damaged roads, roundabouts, etcVariety is more important than lengthChallenging weather conditions
Creation methodUser-friendly and WYSIWYG editorGeo-specific or dedicated databases
BenefitsRequired to create interesting driving scenariosEditor could be used by the end-userCost-effective upgradesPossible use for accident study
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the driver: living environment
Autonomous traffic and peopleRealistic behaviour thanks to A.I.Easy to configure in a scenario (density, aggressiveness, etc)Passengers for bus
Human-controlled road user Freely selected in real-timeMixed with autonomous traffic
BenefitsRequired to check driver anticipation related to traffic lights and other road usersComplex interaction between two road-users are possibleDual task for bus driver
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
Outline
R&D for the driverRequirementsCabinMotion systemDisplay systemVirtual worldLiving environment
R&D for the trainerRequirementsTrainer station layoutScenario-based vs interactivityReplay for one and for all driversEnd-of-run report
Future useQuestions
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the trainer: requirements
Ease of useHis job is to train drivers, not to deal with computers!
Enhanced training capacityTo manage multiple trainees at the same time
FlexibilityTo implement his own training method
EfficiencyTo put drivers in challenging situations within a short time
ReproducibilityTo put all drivers in the same conditions
TraceabilityTo store and compare the performances of the drivers
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the trainer: trainer station layoutOnly 4 monitors
2 for reports: driver + vehicle, 3D images2 for supervising and assessing
Automatic monitoring and assessment
Basic faults are automatically detectedGraphs for continuous monitoringColour codes (G/Y/R) for errors
BenefitsInformation available at a glanceScreens big enough for observersMissed information can be retrieved laterTrainer available for other purposes
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the trainer: scenario-based vs interactivity
Scenario prepared in advanceWith user-friendly and WYSIWYG editorEvents with controlled road usersBest for assessment
Interactive Pause, discuss, relocate, redo, take another point-of-view, take controlChange traffic lights, weather, pending events and malfunctionsBest for giving tips
Benefits with scenarioLittle workload for the trainer Enable comparison (before/after, between drivers)
Benefits with interactivityLevel of difficulty adapted in real-time to the driver
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the trainer: replay for one and for all drivers
Replay for oneClose to interactive simulation, without user inputs (and kinaesthetic cues)Uses the same timestamps as redo
Replay for a group4 images of trainer station merge and saved as digitized video
Benefits of replay for oneChange of point-of-view Replay during simulation
Benefits of replay for allCan be used in parallel with the simulatorCan be used remotely, for group debriefing of for showing simulator benefits
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
R&D for the trainer: end-of-run reportReport content
Identifications (trainer, trainee, scenario), offences, collisions, time, average speed, fuel consumption, number of stops, passengers comfort, etcStored for all driversFree trainer comments can de addedExported as text dataDetails to be agreed with client to match its training records
BenefitsKeep tracks of all training session on the simulator Results can be transferred to standard tools (MS Excel) for comparisons and statistics
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Future use of the simulatorThe simulator does not impose a training method, but rather gives multiple possibilities to the training centre
Choice of truck or bus, with various configurationsChoice of transmissionChoice of city, country or highway drivingChoice of weather and traffic conditionsChoice of level of interactivity between trainer and trainee(s)Capacity to create more or less complex scenariosVarious training objectives can be fulfilled : vehicle handling, forward-looking driving, fuel-efficient driving, customer care (bus), etc
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CORYS – NSF - March 2012
Thank you for your attention