Requirements BasedEvaluation of BPL for

Power SystemSensing, Command and

Control Applications

Erich W. GuntherEnerNex Corporationerich@enernex.com

CEIDS Mission

MissionTo develop the science and

technology that will fundamentally transform the

infrastructure to cost-effectively provide secure,

high-quality, reliable electricity products and

services

Integrated Energy and Communications System Architecture (IECSA)

IECSA is an open, standards-based systems architecture for the data communications networks and intelligent equipment necessary to support the

power delivery infrastructure of the future.

IECSA Project Objectives

• Develop a complete set of systems requirements and architecture documents to support industry-wide enterprise architecture for a self-healing grid and integrated consumer communications interface.

• Contribute project results as appropriate to relevant standards development organizations and industry consortia to effectively move the development of key open standards forward to develop a robust industry infrastructure.

• Apply systems engineering to the development of the architecture including but not limited to: the elicitation and management of system requirements, analysis of requirements and development of proposed architectural designs, evaluation of architectural designs and the use of standardized industry notation for documentation of architectural views.

• Identify the potential for infrastructure sharing and synergy between power engineering operations and other application domains.

Self Healing Grid Objectives and Functions

Approaches to Technology Development

• Develop a technology, find uses for it

• Identify a problem, select or develop a technology to solve it

• Identify domain requirements, select, develop or improve technologies that address the requirements

FCC Goals

The FCC wants to leverage broadband power line technology to:

1. improve the competitiveness of the broadband service market;

2. increase the availability of broadband services in underserved areas;

3. encourage the uses of these advanced technologies to improve safety and efficiency of power distribution by adding intelligent networking capabilities to the electric grid

Power Distribution Applications

Cinergy: BPL technology can enable a variety of power distribution applications, including:

– Automated outage detection and restoration confirmation

– Remote monitoring and operation of switches and transformers

– Remote capability to connect and disconnect electric service

– Demand-side management programs

– Automated meter reading

Distribution System of the Future

Consumer Portal

Communication Technologies for the IECSA

• Wired Networks

– PSTN POTS

– Leased Lines (X.25, T1, other)

– Fiber Networks (ATM/SONET/Gigabit Ethernet)

– Broadband DSL

– Broadband Cable

– Broadband Power Line

• Wireless Networks

– Microwave

– Serial radios (FreeWave, Locus)

– WiFi / WiMax

– Cellular

– 2 Way Pager

Key Communications System Attributes

• Bandwidth

• Latency

• Determinism

• Immunity (environment)

• Access Control (physical, identification, authentication)

• Confidentiality (encryption)

• Integrity (identification of bad data)

• Availability (inherent component reliability and DOS issues)

• Privacy (traffic analysis, information leakage)

Selected BPL Issues

• Interference with other services (emissions)

• Interference from other services (immunity)

• Impact of power system topology on BPL performance

– Capacitor banks – switched and fixed

– Automatic circuit reconfiguration

– Micro grids - islanding

Distribution System Automation Impacts

Automatic Closing device

(recloser or switch)

Open Recloser

Fault

Shaded area is portion picked up by auto-loop

Shaded area is portion picked up by auto-loop

Substation

Classes of BPL Standards Needed

• Definition of BPL Technology Itself

• Electromagnetic Compatibility (Emission and Immunity)

• Safety Issues

• Power System Modeling Methodology

• Reliability Assessment Methodology

• Requirements Based Application Guidelines