WRST 2/2+ Index

Course ObjectivesDescribe the purpose, structure & functionality of each RRM functional entityDescribe the NSN RAN parameter database structureUnderstand the Power setting and Power Control mechanismDescribe the principles of Resource Allocation and Load Control in the NSN RAN Understand the different types of Handover and Handover mechanisms of the NSN solutionExplain the HSDPA & HSUPA technologies and their differences towards Rel. 99 RRM List RU20 & RU30 & RU40 HSPA+ improvements and their advantages

# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA1RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Radio Resource Management (RRM) Overview:Module ObjectivesAt the end of the module you will be able to:Describe the purpose of RRMList the RRM functional entitiesDescribe the purpose of each RRM functional entity

# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Radio Resource ManagementTarget for RRM is to ensure the RAN offers:The planned coverage for each targeted serviceHigh capacity i.e. low blocking (new calls, handovers)The required Quality of Service (QoS)Optimize the use of available capacity (priorities)By continuously monitoring/adjusting how the available resources are used in accordance with user requests Radio Resource Management (RRM) is responsible for optimalutilization of the air interface resourcesRRMLink QualityCell CoverageCell Capacity# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#RRM is made up of a number of closely interdependent functions (i.e. algorithms)These functions can be divided into;Cell BasedLoad Control (LC)Admission Control (AC)Packet Scheduling (PS)Resource Manager (RM)

Connection BasedHandover Control (HC)Power Control (PC)RRM Functional SplitPCHCConnection based functions LCACCell based functionsPSRM# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Power Control PCWCDMA systems are interference limited; therefore, it is beneficial to reduce transmission power as far as possible (without violateing the required quality). Thus, the target of PC is to achieve the min. SIR that is required to offer sufficient quality of the connection. PC works on a per-connection basis.

Power ControlPower ControlLoad ControlRNCBTSMS

Power ControlHandover ControlAdmission ControlLoad ControlPacket Scheduler# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Load Control functionsThe load control function within RRM can be divided:Preventative load control (e.g. congestion)Overload control (e.g. dropping of calls in worst case)Preventative actions are performed before the cell is overloaded (threshold y)Overload actions are performed after cell is overloaded (threshold x)RNP parameters define the thresholds for the RRM functionalities The thresholds define a stable functionality within a cell & with surrounding cells

Overloadthreshold xLoad Targetthreshold yPowerTime

Estimated capacity for NRT traffic.Measured load caused by non-controllable load (RT)Preventative Load ControlOverload Control# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0This diagram doesnt take into account aspects of HSPA for simplicity.RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Load Control LCLC performs the function of load control in association with Admission Control AC & Packet Scheduling PS Updates load status using measurements & estimations provided by AC & PSContinuously feeds cell load information to PS & AC:Interference levelsBTS power levelsNon-controllable loadLCACPSNRT loadLoad change infoLoad statusLoad differentiation: Total load = Controllable load + Semi-controllable load + Non-controllable load # Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Admission Control ACChecks that admitting a new user will not sacrifice planned coverage or quality of existing connectionsDetermines whether RABs or RRC connections can be admittedHandles RT RABs by estimating the increase in non-controllable loadIn the decision UL interference & DL power measurements by BTS are usedSince RAS06 the UL throughput is considered for AC, tooUL & DL admission conditions must both be fulfilled to admit a new call or modified existing callProvides RLC parameters to PS for NRT users, e.g.Bearer classTransport FormatsAC sets quality and power parameters for the radio link, e.g.:UL/DL BLER, Eb/No targets, SIR targetInitial DL transmission powerAC takes place in the RNCAdmissionDecisionGrantReject# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#PS allocation times need to be fast to accommodate changing conditions & accurate (up-to-date load info)Capacity requests sent via traffic volume measurement reports (governed by RNP parameters)PS comprises two parts: UE specific & Cell specificHSDPA & HSUPA resources are scheduled by the Node Bpowertimenon-controllable loadcontrollable loadTotal LoadTarget thresholdOverload thresholdPacket Scheduler in RNC schedules radio resources for both UL & DL R99 NRT RABsScheduling period defined by RNP parametersPS relies on up-to-date information from AC & LCCapacity allocated on a needs basis using best effort approachPacket Scheduler PS# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0Note that HSPA packet scheduling is NodeB functionalityRN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Handover Control HCIntra-Frequency HandoversSofter/Soft HandoverUE simultaneously connected to multiple cells from same/different Node BsMobile Evaluated Handover MEHOHard Handoverwhen Inter-RNC SHO is not possible (Iur not supported or Iur congestion) in case of HSDPAInter-Frequency Handovercan be Intra-BS, Intra-RNC or Inter-RNC Network Evaluated Handover NEHOInter-RAT Handover Handovers between WCDMA and GSM, LTE or WLANNetwork Evaluated Handover NEHOWCDMA F1WCDMA F1WCDMA F1WCDMA F2WCDMA F2WCDMA F1HC is responsible for:Managing the mobility aspects of an RRC connection as UE moves around networkMaintaining connection quality by ensuring UE is always served by the best cellsaving capacityGSM/LTEGSM/LTEWCDMA# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Resource Manager RMResponsible for managing the logical radio resources of the RNC in co-operation with AC and PSOn request for resources, from either AC(RT) or PS(NRT), RM allocates:DL Channelization Code UL Scrambling Code

Cares about code tree management (to maintain orthogonality);Initial code selection codes concentrated to same branchCode de-fragmentation dynamic reallocation of codes as users enter/leave systemDL spreading code allocation for HSDPA users can be dynamic from RAS06 onCode TypeUplinkDownlinkScrambling codesChannelization codesUser separationCell separationData & control channels from same UEUsers within one cell# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#

HSDPA - general principleFast scheduling is done directly in Node-B based on feedback information from UE and knowledge of current traffic state.Hard Handover onlyUE2Channel quality(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)Channel quality(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)DataDataUsers may be time and/or code multiplexed

New WBTS functions: Fast HARQ retransmissions Fast Adaptive Modulation & Coding Fast Packet data scheduling (short TTI)

UE1

# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#HSUPA / Comparing HSUPA to R99 and HSDPA HSUPA is 3GPP Rel6 Enhanced FDD Uplink main characteristics: Fast WBTS Packet Scheduling Fast L1 HARQ algorithms Fast Link Adaptation 2ms or 10ms TTI periods Soft Handover SF down to SF = 2 Peak Rates up to 5.76 Mbpswith QPSK, and up to 11.5Mbpswith RU30 HSUPA 16QAMFeatureRel99 DCHRel5HSDPARel6HSUPAVar. spreading factorYNYFast power controlYNYAdaptive modulationNYNWBTS based schedulingNYYFast L1 HARQNYYSoft HandoverYNYTTI length [ms]80,40,20,10210,2

E-DCH# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0Performance gain comes from features in ovalRN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#

HSPA+ Improvements Improving the DL peak rates, cell throughput & spectrum efficiency: 64QAM: Enhanced HSDPA Modulation MIMO: Intelligent Multi-Antenna Systems DC-HSDPA: Dual-Carrier/Cell Transmission Improving the cell throughput & spectrum efficiency: DL Flexible RLC Continuous Packet Connectivity CS Voice over HSPADL Peak Rates up to: 21/28/42 MbpsUL Peak Rates up to: 5.8 MbpsRU20 HSDPA Improvements: DC-HSDPA + 64QAM + MIMOGeneral Improvements: Fast Dormancy Multi-Band Load Balancing MBLB High Speed Cell_FACH (DL)

HSUPA Improvements: HSUPA 11Mbps (16QAM) Frequency Domain EqualizerHSUPA Interference Cancellation ReceiverDL Peak Rates up to: 8442 MbpsUL Peak Rates up to: 5.811 MbpsRU30# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0Performance gain comes from features in ovalRN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#

HSPA+ Improvements HSDPA Improvements: DC-HSDPA + 64QAM + MIMO (84Mbps) Dual Band HSDPA (42 Mbps) General Improvements: High Speed Cell_FACH (DL+UL) Smart LTE Layering Application Aware RANDL Peak Rates up to: 84 MbpsUL Peak Rates up to: 11 MbpsRU40 HSDPA Improvements: MC-HSDPA (168 Mbps) HSDPA Multiflow General Improvements: Measurement based LTE Layering Conversational QoS for VoIP RAN Optimized Content Delivery

HSUPA Improvements: DC-HSUPA (23 Mbps)DL Peak Rates up to: 168 MbpsUL Peak Rates up to: 23 MbpsRU50under planningNew slide# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Slide count & module versionsLearning ElementModule VersionSlides*LE 01 Radio Resource Management OverviewRANPAR Combi RU340_v1.020 / 19 / 30LE 02 Parameter ConfigurationRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.0?? / 29 / 29LE 03 Common Channels & Power ControlRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.0?? / 57 / 62LE 04 Load ControlRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.0?? / 24 / 25LE 05 Admission ControlRANPAR Combi RU340_v1.071 / 70 / 88LE 06 Packet SchedulingRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.0?? / 90 / 126LE 07 Handover ControlRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.0??? / 143 / 165LE 08 Resource ManagerRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.011 / 11 / 12LE 09 HSDPA RRM & parametersRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.0??? / 118 / 129LE 10 HSUPA RRM & parametersRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.0?? / 98 / 104LE 11 HSPA+ RRMRANPAR Combi RU30_v1.0122 / 101 / 54Total RANPAR??? / 760 / 824* RU40 (RU30, (RU20) # Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA1RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#Version controlVersionDateStatusOwnerRAS051_v1.01.10.2006RAS051 levelFlorian ReymondRAS51_v1.121.4.2007Minor corrections (B. Aschermann)Florian ReymondRAS06_v0.116.10.2007RAS06 level, first version (B. Aschermann)Florian ReymondRU10_v0.1RU10 level, first version (B. Aschermann)Florian ReymondRU10_v1.014.08.2009RU10 level, RANPAR Combined version (A. Annen)Benedikt AschermannRU20_v1.231.12.2009RU20 level, RANPAR Combined (Andreas Annen)Benedikt AschermannRU30_v1.208.04.2011RU30 level. RANPAR Combined (Andreas Annen)Benedikt AschermannRU40_v1.024.12.2012RU40 level. RANPAR Combined (Rafal Nowicki)Benedikt Aschermann# Nokia Siemens Networks RN31671EN30GLA0RN31671EN30GLA1Radio Resource Management Overview#