psychoanalytic &defense mechanism
TRANSCRIPT
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AWARENESS
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Awareness is defined as the
reflection to the real world and it is
involved with the mental process
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Basically,
There are certain theories to
explain
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PSYCHOANALYTIC
APPROACH
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Sigmund Freud (1856 1939)
He was born in Freiberg,
Czechoslovakia
He followed his family to move to
Vienna, Austria
At beginning, he was a neurologist,
but suddenly he was involved withpsychology when he found that
hysteric symptom is related to the soul
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CONSCIOUSS,
SUB-CONSCIOUS,
UNCONSCIOUS
MIND
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Freud assumed that the mind is
divided into three parts.
i. id
ii. ego
iii. superego
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PERSONALITY
STRUCTURE THE ID
The id is the only component of
personality that is present from birth.This aspect of personality is entirely
unconscious and includes of the
instinctive and primitive behaviors.
According to Freud, the id is the
source of all psychic energy, making it
the primary component of personality.
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The id is driven by the pleasure
principle, which strives for immediategratification of all desires, wants, andneeds. If these needs are not satisfiedimmediately, the result is a state
anxiety or tension. For example, anincrease in hunger or thirst shouldproduce an immediate attempt to eator drink. The id is very important early
in life, because it ensures that aninfant's needs are met.
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THE SUPER EGO
The superego is the aspect of
personality that holds all of our
internalized moral standards andideals that we acquire from both
parents and society--our sense of
right and wrong. The superego
provides guidelines for making
judgments.
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EGO
The ego is the component of
personality that is responsible for
dealing with reality. According toFreud, the ego develops from the id
and ensures that the impulses of the
id can be expressed in a manner
acceptable in the real world.
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The ego operates based on the reality
principle, which strives to satisfy the
id's desires in realistic and sociallyappropriate ways.
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MAJOR DEFENSE
MECHANISM A defense mechanism is a tactic developed by
the ego to protect against anxiety. Defensemechanisms are thought to safeguard the
mind against feelings and thoughts that aretoo difficult for the conscious mind to copewith. In some instances, defense mechanismsare thought to keep inappropriate or
unwanted thoughts and impulses fromentering the conscious mind.
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REPRESSION
The unconscious purpose ofrepression operates in aperson who is not able torecall a threatening situationor may completely forgetthat an abusive person everwas a part of his/her life.
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DENIAL
Denial is characterized by havinga conscious awareness at somelevel, but simply denies the reality
of the experience by pretendingit is not there.
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REGRESSION
Regression involves amovement back in
developmental time towhen a person felt safe andsecure. Often, that ischildhood.
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REGRESSION
Regression involves amovement back in
developmental time towhen a person felt safe andsecure. Often, that ischildhood.
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PROJECTION
Projection is attributing yourown unacceptable impulses to
someone else. The impulsesare still judged unacceptablebut they belong to someoneelse, not you.
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DISPLACEMENT
Displacement involves takingout our frustrations, feelings,
and impulses on people orobjects that are lessthreatening. Displacedaggression is a commonexample of this defensemechanism.
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REACTION FORMATION
reduces anxiety by taking up theopposite feeling, impulse, or behavior.An example of reaction formation
would be treating someone youstrongly dislike in an excessively friendlymanner in order to hide your truefeelings. According to Freud, they areusing reaction formation as a defensemechanism to hide their true feelingsby behaving in the exact oppositemanner.
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SUBLIMATION
Sublimation is a defense mechanismthat allows us to act out unacceptable
impulses by converting these behaviorsinto a more acceptable form. Forexample, a person experiencingextreme anger might take up paintingas a means of venting frustration. Freudbelieved that sublimation was a sign ofmaturity that allows people to functionnormally in socially acceptable ways.
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JOHARI WINDOW
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The Johari Window, named
after the first names of its
inventors, Joseph Luft andHarry Ingham, is one of the
most useful models describing
the process of human
interaction.
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JOHARI WINDOW
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OPEN
The "open" quadrant represents things that both I know
about myself, and that you know about me. For example,
I know my name, and so do you, and if you have
explored some of my website, you know some of my
interests. When I first meet a new person, the size of the
opening of this first quadrant is not very large, since
there has been little time to exchange information. As the
process of getting to know one another continues, thewindow shades move down or to the right, placing more
information into the open window, as described below.
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BLIND
The "blind" quadrant represents things that you know
about me, but that I am unaware of. So, for example, we
could be eating at a restaurant, and I may have
unknowingly gotten some food on my face. Thisinformation is in my blind quadrant because you can see
it, but I cannot. If you now tell me that I have something
on my face, then the window shade moves to the right,
enlarging the open quadrant's area. For example,
perhaps in our ongoing conversation, you may noticethat eye contact seems to be lacking. You may not say
anything, since you may not want to embarrass me, or
you may draw your own inferences that perhaps I am
being insincere.
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HIDDEN
The "hidden" quadrant represents things that I know
about myself, that you do not know. So for example, I
have not told you, nor mentioned anywhere on my
website, what one of my favorite ice cream flavors is.
This information is in my "hidden" quadrant. As we get to
know and trust each other, I will then feel more
comfortable disclosing more intimate details about
myself. This process is called: "Self-disclosure."
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UNKNOWN
The "unknown" quadrant represents things that neither I
know about myself, nor you know about me. For
example, I may disclose a dream that I had, and as we
both attempt to understand its significance, a new
awareness may emerge, known to neither of us before
the conversation took place. Usually, I am terrified of
speaking in public, but I was surprised to learn that in
such an atmosphere, the task need not be so daunting.Prior to this event, I had viewed myself and others had
also viewed me as being extremely shy. Thus, a novel
situation can trigger new awareness and personal
growth.