progress on the development of a comprehensive heat transfer
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Progress on the Development of aComprehensive Heat Transfer
Model for Industrial Liquid Quenching Processes
Jeffrey Franklin, Ph.D., P.E.
Andrew Banka, P.E.
William Newsome, Ph.D.
![Page 2: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Presentation Overview
➢ Modeling objectives and approach
➢ Initial Model Development
➢ ivf SmartQuench test probe
➢ Overview of three boiling models
➢ Comparison with ivf probe data
➢ Flow boiling test fixture
➢ Path for numerical model improvements
![Page 3: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Heat transfer model (CFD Framework)
• Characterize energy movement
• Focus on surface heat flux rates
Solid Quenchant
Energy
Fundamental Model Objectives
Better surface heat flux predictions
Better material property predictions
![Page 4: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Surface Relationship
q=h(T fluid−T solid)
![Page 5: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Surface Relationship
q=h(T fluid−T solid)The devil is in the details!
![Page 6: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Surface Relationship
q=h(T fluid−T solid)Temperature of fluid where?What about vapor at surface?
![Page 7: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Surface Relationship
q=h(T fluid−T solid)How is this defined when boiling occurs?What other fluid properties does it depend on?
![Page 8: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Addressing The Details
• Rely on additional physics– Include smaller length scale physics
• Bubble dynamics
• Near surface quenchant fluid velocity
• Surface properties
– Include material property variations
• Experimental data– Visual observations– Measured experimental data
![Page 9: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Model Development Path
• Adopt ivf SmartQuench test/probe
• Utilize experimental data to nail down equation details– Develop three separate approximations for
surface heat flux.
• Use models to reproduce ivf data
• Evaluate/Validate model results
![Page 10: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
30 m
m
12.5 mm DIA
Test probe body
Thermocouple
Support tube
60 m
m
1 Liter beaker
150
mm12
0 m
m
30 m
m
Pro
be
ivf SmartQuench Test Probe(ISO/ASTM Compliant)
![Page 11: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ivf Quench Probe Data(Houghton 3420 Quench Oil)
![Page 12: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ivf Quench Probe Data(Houghton 3420 Quench Oil)
Film
Tra
nsiti
on
Nuc
leat
eConvective
Cooling
• Divide surface heat transfer model up into typical boiling regimes.
![Page 13: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Surface Heat Flux(Three Methods Explored)
• Method 1 (Simplest Approach)– Assume constant heat flux for nucleate and
transition boiling
• Method 2 (Add more physics)– Include nucleate boiling physics
• Bubble Dynamics• Surface characteristics
• Method 3 (Add more physics)– Include film boiling approximation
![Page 14: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Method 1Surface Heat Flux vs. Solid Surface Temperature
![Page 15: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Method 2Surface Heat Flux vs. Solid Surface Temperature
![Page 16: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ivf Probe CFD Simulation
• 2D Axi-Symmetric model
• Transient
• Internal probe geometry details included
• Developed heat flux models applied at probe surface
![Page 17: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Ivf Probe CFD SimulationPredicted Thermocouple Temperature History
![Page 18: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Moving Beyond The Paradox
• Multiple surface heat flux approximations can and do result in similar thermocouple histories.
• Need steady state surface heat flux data vs. surface temperature
![Page 19: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Flow Boiling Test Fixture• Design/Construct flow boiling test fixture
– Target gathering steady state heat flux data
• Build matrix of experimental data for model development and validation.– Steady state heat flux
• Vary surface temperature
• Fluid velocity
• Surface orientation
• …...
![Page 20: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Test Fixture Overview(Heater Assembly)
●Settling chamber to provide good flow quality●Heated surface on side of test channel (omitted for clarity)●Remaining side of test channel are glass for photo/observation
![Page 21: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Flow Boiling Data(Improve our models)
![Page 22: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Conclusions• Current heat flux validation methods can
show correlation using more than one surface heat representation. The paradox!
• High quality surface heat flux data is currently being gathered.
• The improved data will lead to surface heat flux models that can be validated with a higher degree of confidence.
![Page 23: Progress on the Development of a Comprehensive Heat Transfer](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062504/5868e1131a28abc7568be181/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
● This material is based upon work supported by the United States Air Force under Contract No. FA8650-12-C-5110.
● Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Air Force.
Acknowledgment