Pro-poor HPAI Reduction Strategies Project

Background information: Poultry sectors and disease status

Kenya HPAI Risk assessment and risk pathways Multi-Stakeholder WorkshopDr.Dennis Onkundi

October 2-3, 2008, Nairobi

Background Information

• Kenyan Poultry industry is estimated at 30 million

domesticated birds (MALDM, 2005/06).

• 70% of total population – Indigenous chickens

• 28% - Exotic chickens• 28% - Exotic chickens

Of these:

- 20% are broilers

- 8% are layers

• 2% - Others (Ducks, Turkeys, Ostrich)

Estimated poultry population by province, 2005/2006

Province Layers Broilers Indigenous Others TOTAL

Rift Valley 392,353 225,979 5,617,020 92,604 6,327,956

Coast 213,200 205,700 1,972,000 185,600 2,576,500

Western 114,865 18,450 2,669,819 219,165 3,022,299

Nyanza 215,630 127,400 5,416,148 108,875 5,868,053

Central 980,314 2,149,870 1,728,763 60,849 4,919,796Central 980,314 2,149,870 1,728,763 60,849 4,919,796

Eastern 156,300 111,300 3,829,200 29,301 4,126,101

N/Eastern 1,100 - 142,400 - 143,500

Nairobi 192,400 692,700 117,500 4,600 2,207,200

TOTAL 2,266,162 4,731,399 21,492,850 700,994 29,191,405

4,126,101

143,500

6,327,956

5,868,053

3,022,299

2,576,500

2,207,200

4,919,796

5,868,053

Relative poultry population by province

• Rift Valley = 6,327,956

• Nyanza = 5,868,053

• Central = 4,919,796

• Eastern = 4,126,101

• Western = 3,022,299

• Coast = 2,576,500

• Nairobi = 2,207,200

• N/Eastern = 143,500

Poultry production system

Summary• Poultry production in Kenya is categorised into 2

distinct systems based on scale, functions, breeds, husbandry and productivity. These are, “backyard / village poultry production systems ” using the indigenous birds and “commercial intensive systems” using broilers or layers for egg production through special purpose hybrid chicks.

• Backyard system – accounts for >70% of all chickens kept in Kenya. This is predominant in rural families in Kenya, at a proportion of 90% (MALDM 1996)

• commercial systems – intensified smallholder to medium scale farms in peri -urban areas

Two poultry production systems represented in Kenya

Bio-security and

management levels

Localisation

Backyard/village

production systems

(Sector 4)

•Minimal biosecurity

•free unselected flocks

•multi age

•mixed species

•low management levels

•whole country in all the 8 provinces

•Minimal in Nairobi and N/Eastern

•Highest practise in Rift •Highest practise in Rift Valley and Nyanza

The intensive

commercial

production (Sector 2-

3 )

• Moderate to high biosecurity

under sector 2

•Raising broilers, layers or

parent stock

•Low management &

biosecurity under sector 3

•Intensive commercial

husbandry system

•Whole country in 7 provinces

•Minimal/none in N/Eastern

•Highest practise in Central and Nairobi

Mixed species farming & wild birds

Turkeys Chickens Ducks

Doves

Mixed species farming

Trade flow of livestock and livestock products into and

within Kenya

Cross border introductions-

Tanzania

Legal and Illegal trade

Importation of Live animals/birds, Hidesand skins

DOC,HE-TZ, MalawiZambia, S/Africa, Zimbabwe

Large Towns/city

markets

Commercial farms/ranches/smallScale farms/Restaurants Multiplication firms/farms

Backyard/village

Commercial farms/

Small scale farms/ranches Rearing centre, home

Veterinary office, NGOs,

Other partners

Traders

Local open livestock markets

Local middlemen/brokers

Backyard/village production unit, small scale, ranches General consumer

Trade Transaction points (Kenya-Uganda border)

KENYA - UGANDA

BORDER

BUNYALABUSIA

TESOSAMIA

Buroma

Omena

Osieko

Muluanda

Mabasa

Sigalame

Sio port

Rukada

Buyengo

Nangwe

Bwalira

Adungosi

Maero