presented by eliot christian, u.s. geological survey global information locator service (gils)

presented by Eliot Christian, U.S. Geological Survey

Global Information Locator Service (GILS)

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GILS Presentation Outline

ConceptsStandardsConvergenceSearch InteroperabilityZ39.50 ImplementorsGILS Initiatives

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ConceptsInformation DiscoveryMetadataSemantic Mapping

Standards and PerspectivesConvergenceSearch InteroperabilityZ39.50 ImplementorsGILS and Geospatial Initiatives

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Data / Information / Knowledge Management Processes

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GILS focuses on

Information Discovery

GILS Goal:

Make it easier for people to discover information

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Why Is Information So Hard To Find?

The "Information Discovery" Problem

We need information but we cannot retrieve it, because we do not know who might have it or how we ask for it.

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Why Is Information So Hard To Find?

The Internet is not a Library, YetSearch services do not yet work with

each other, nor with traditional libraries

Internet lacks standards comparable to what libraries achieved many years ago

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The GILS Vision

Imagine The whole Internet organized in common

ways to help us discover information Where anyone can make and publish their

own catalogs instantly And, search includes not just Web pages

but the world's library catalogs, atlases, directories, and databases

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Standards and PerspectivesConvergenceSearch InteroperabilityZ39.50 ImplementorsGILS and Geospatial Initiatives

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Information Discovery Operates on

Metadata (Characteristics)

Who made it?

What is its name?

What type is it?

Where is it stored?

Is it free?

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Unfortunately,

Metadata is not Standardized

Different terms for similar characteristics:

file owner file name

scientific data set

principal investigator data set name

biological specimen

collector organism name

patent assignee title

spatial coverage

originator title

e-mail from subject

news article by-line headline

document author title

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Standards and PerspectivesConvergenceSearch Interoperability Z39.50 ImplementorsGILS and Geospatial Initiatives

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Semantic Mapping Approach

Just for searching, associate metadata to standard bibliographic concepts:

Who made it?

file owner file name

scientific data set

principal investigator data set name

biological specimen

collector organism name

patent assignee title

spatial coverage

originator title

e-mail from subject

news article by-line headline

document author title

What type is it?

What is its name?

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Metadata

Metadata covers many characteristics

But, just a few are almost always searchable

In concept, these common metadata are equivalent to bibliographic citations

TitleAuthor Subject DatePlace

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ConceptsStandards and Perspectives

Bibliographic MetadataTechnical StandardsPerspectives

ConvergenceSearch InteroperabilityZ39.50 ImplementorsGILS and Geospatial Initiatives

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Searching Metadata

Task: find information where “Title” contains the word “USGS”

GILS server searches any bibliographic catalogs and locator records where metadata is mapped to “Title” concept

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Bibliographic Metadata

Data-bases

GILS Interface

Locator Records

Bibliographic Records

Web pages

GILS search service finds records in various formats, distributed across the Internet in various catalogs and databases

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The GILS Standard

Internet client/server (TCP/IP, etc.)Uniform Resource Identifiers (e.g., URL's)MIME TypesDate Format (ISO 8601)ISO 23950 (Z39.50)

Init, Search and Present services Type-1 queries (generic Boolean)Part of Bib-1 Attribute Set

NOTE: Z39.50 has many optional specs—GILS has only a few, required specifications

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Bib-1 (Bibliographic Search)

Search Concepts4 title

1005 originator2001 distributor1019 record source2002 subject terms -- controlled 29 subject terms -- uncontrolled1012 date last modified1035 anywhere (full-text) 12 local number

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GILS and Z39.50 (ISO 23950)

Provides a registered set of well-known semantics needed for semantic interoperability

Provides an "abstraction layer" (hide the details) for information system interoperability

Only standard for direct search of library and information services for the foreseeable future

Demonstrated gateways to other standard search protocols (SQL, LDAP, DASL, UDDI)

XML protocol mechanism (XER) in prototype now

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Searcher Perspective

GILS gives searchers a standard way to find information resources

Because GILS uses standard bibliographic concepts, anyone who uses a library already understands GILS searches

GILS locator records can be chained to support referrals into or among collections

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Information Provider Perspective

GILS defines an open, low-cost, and scalable standard across all phases of information and knowledge management

Information providers and intermediaries provide content management tools based on metadata, as well as search services

In a system architecture, a GILS interface cleanly separates the search function from networking and other components

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A Note about User Interfaces

A GILS search service is defined only at the network level

The design of user interfaces for searching is outside the scope of GILS

GILS places no constraints on how a search service may be presented to searchers

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ConceptsStandards and PerspectivesConvergenceSearch InteroperabilityZ39.50 ImplementorsGILS and Geospatial Initiatives

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Library and Information Services Catalogs

Information Services, library OPAC's

Documents, Data, Files, Records, etc.

Locator Records

Humancataloger

Searcher

Examples: Library of Congress, Agricola, Dialog/Lexis-Nexis, Chemical Abstracts Service

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Metadata in Databases

Database search

(e.g., SQL)


Metadata databases

Searcher

Humancataloger

Examples: Right to Know Network, Global Change Master Directory, Catalog of Data Sources

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First-generation Web crawlers

Full-text index

"Full-text" Indexer

Search engine


Searcher

Gatherer

digitize

Examples: WAIS, Lycos, Harvest, Glimpse

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Second-generation Web Crawlers

Full-text index

"Full-text" Indexer

Metadata capable

search engine


Locator Records

Searcher

"Intelligent" Gatherer

digitize

Examples: Ultraseek, Advanced Search Facility

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Service Description & Discovery

GILS-compliant

search


ServiceLocators

Searcher

Locator Records

Metadata databases

Intermediaryservice

GILS-compliant

search

Examples: NSDI/GSDI Clearinghouse, GELOS, CIESIN

Full-text index

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Search Portals using GILS

Full-text index

"Full-text" Indexer

GILS-compliant

search

Locator Records

Metadata databases

Humancataloger

Searcher

"Intelligent" Gatherer

digitize

Examples: Web-Clarity, Blue Angel Gateway, FGDC “Wizard”

ServiceLocators

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ConceptsStandards and PerspectivesConvergenceSearch InteroperabilityZ39.50 ImplementorsGILS and Geospatial

Initiatives

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Search Interoperability

GILS “plug-in”gateways

Searcher

Z39.50

LDAP (X.500)

SQL (ODBC/JDBC)

DASL

UDDI

XQuery (future)

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GILS and LDAP(Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

GILS LDAP

gateway

Searcherusing GILS

LDAP directory(organizations, persons, resources)

GILS records(organizations, persons, resources)

Searcherusing LDAP

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GILS and SQL(Structured Query Language)

GILS SQL

gateway

Searcherusing GILS

Relational databasetables with various data, information

GILS records with various data, information

Searcherusing

SQL

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GILS and DASL(Distributed Authoring Search and Locate)

GILS DASL

gateway

Searcherusing GILS

DASL file attributes(name, owner, date last modified ...)

GILS records (title, author, date last modified ...)

Searcherusing DASL

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GILS and UDDI(Universal Description Discovery and Integration)

GILS UDDI gateway

Searcherusing GILS

UDDI register(businesses, services, interfaces)

GILS sources(catalogs, directories, inventories)

Searcherusing UDDI

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ConceptsStandards and PerspectivesConvergenceSearch InteroperabilityZ39.50 ImplementorsGILS and Geospatial

Initiatives

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Z39.50 Register of Implementors

Adlib Information Systems B.V.Ameritech Library ServicesARCA Consortium|a|S|tec| angewandte Systemtechnik GmbHAurora Information TechnologyAuto-Graphics Inc.Axiell Biblioteks System ABBasis Systeme netzwerk (BSn)Best Seller, Inc.Bibliotekstjdnst AB BIBSYS BLCMP Library Services Ltd.Blue Angel Technologies

Book Systems, Inc.BSZ Baden-WurttembergBrigham & Women's Hospital British LibraryCARL CorporationCarnegie-Mellon University LibrariesCenter for Networked Information

Discovery and RetrievalCEO Programme, ENRM Development team CEOS (Commitee on Earth

Observation Satellites)CGI Group Inc.

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Chemical Abstracts ServiceCosmotron Systems Ltd.Crossnet Systems LimitedCOPAC Danish Library Centre, DanBibDartmouth CollegeData Research Associates, Inc.Data Trek, Inc.DBV-OSI II Consortium Dedicated ResponseDialog CorporationDIMDI (Deutsches Institut fuer Medizinische

Dokumentation und Information)Distributed Systems Technology CentreDV Consulting

EBSCO PublishingELiAS Endeavor Information Systems, Inc.EnWare,S.AEuropean Space AgencyExcalibur Technologies CorporationFachinformationszentrum (FIZ) KarlsruheFinsiel S.p.A.Florida Center for Library AutomationFretwell-Downing Data SystemsFulcrum Technologies, IncGaylord CyberOdyssey GroupGeac GTIS (Government Telecommunication,

Canada)

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Harbinger GmbH Hardcover SoftwareIndex DataInformation Access CompanyInnovative Interfaces Inc.INVESTools, Inc. Island Edge Research, Inc. ISM Library Information Services Japan Science and Technology Corporation Joanneum ResearchLEXIS-NEXISLive Content Engineering & Design Pty LtdThe Library CorporationLibrary of CongressLIBRIS (Royal Library, Sweden)

Lucent Technologies - Bell Laboratories

Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMiepMnSCU/PALSNational Center for Supercomputing

Applications (NCSA) Nat. Institute of Standards and Technology National Library of AustraliaNational Library of CanadaNational Library of MedicineNational Library of NorwayOCLCOptimus Prime Pty LtdOvid TechnologiesPace University School of Law

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Penn State University, Library Computing Services

PicaPreston-Whitelaw, Ltd.

(an Internet Systems, Inc. Co.)Raytheon Systems CompanyStowe Computing AustraliaSunstone SystemsSystem Simulation Ltd.Tabula Interactive, Inc.Taliesin Software Research, Inc.Tieto CorporationUNI-C (Danish Computing Centre

for Research and Education)UIGGM SB RAS

University of BradfordUniversity of California,

Office of the PresidentUniversity of California at San FranciscoUniveristy of Newcastle University of Texas at Austin,

General Libraries University of WashingtonUniversity of Wisconsin MadisonU.S. Geological SurveyU.S. Patent and Trademark OfficeVirginia Tech.VITROCISET S.p.A. VTLS, Inc.Washington University School of Medicine

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ConceptsStandards and PerspectivesConvergenceZ39.50 ImplementorsGILS and Geospatial Initiatives

International and other NationalU.S. NationalU.S. StatesCommunities

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GILS and Geospatial Initiatives -

Other Nations / International

African Spatial Data Infrastructure Initiative, Antarctica, Argentina, Australia, Australia New Zealand Land Information Council, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, Caribbean, CERCO, Columbia, Committee on Earth Observing Satellites, Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Denmark, DESIRE, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, EUROGI, European Environment Agency, European Legislative Virtual Library, European Space Agency, European Territorial Management Information Infrastructure, Finland, ...

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France, Germany, GI2000, Global Change Master Directory, Global Environmental Information Locator Service, Global Forest Information Service, Global Inventory Project, Greece, Guatemala, Health Information Locator Service for Latin America and the Caribbean, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, INFEO, InterAmerican Biodiversity Information Network, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kiribati, Korea, Macau, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, ...

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Pakistan, Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia & the Pacific, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russian Federation, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Trans-European Research and Education Network, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, United Nations Environment Program, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, United Nations Program on Human Sustainable Development, Uruguay, Venezuela

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United States (National)

Advanced Search Facility, Census Bureau, Center for Integration of Natural Disaster Information, Clearinghouse for Government Information, DefenseLink, Digital Earth, Federal Resources for Education Excellence, Federal Depository Library Program, FedSearch, FirstGov, Gateway to Educational Materials, Gateway to the Earth, Global Change Data and Information System, Government Printing Office, Library of Congress Thomas, Master Environmental Library, ...

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United States (National)

National Atlas of the United States, National Biological Information Infrastructure, National Spatial Data Infrastructure, National Environmental Data Index, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Technical Information Service, National Wetlands Inventory, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Non-Profit Gateway, Patent and Trademark Office, Scientific and Technical Information Network, U.S. Federal GILS

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U.S. States

Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming

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GILS Initiatives -

Communities

Baltimore, Seamless (Essex, U.K.), Chesapeake, Chicago, CommunityPlanet (Southeastern U.S.), Dane County WI, Fort Lauderdale FL, Gallatin County MT, Greensboro NC, Madison GA, Philadelphia PA, San Bernadino CA, San Francisco CA, Shenandoah Valley, South Florida, Southern Appalachia, Southwest Region, Tallahassee FL, Tillamook County OR, Tennessee Valley Authority, Tijuana River Watershed, Upper Susquehanna/ Lackawanna River Watershed

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Further information

http://www.gils.net

presented by eliot christian, u.s. geological survey global information locator service (gils)

Documents

information slide

gils searches gils locator

metadata metadata

gils vision

implementors gils initiatives

databases slide

searcher perspective

optional specs gils