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Ch 163 notes.notebook December 09, 2015 Feb 242:08 PM 1. Define wind and explain what causes it. Wind is the horizontal movement of air from HIGH pressure to LOW pressure. 3. What causes differences in air pressure? Unequal heating of the earth's surface causes temperature differences which cause pressure differences. http://science.discovery.com/videos/deconstructedbarometer.html Feb 242:41 PM Unequal heating of earth's surface Poles get indirect rays, equator gets direct rays Dec 99:45 AM Unequal Heating Temperature Differences Pressure Differences Wind Feb 243:20 PM Higher temperatures (lighter air) cause lower air pressure Lower temperatures (heavy air) cause higher air pressure. Feb 258:33 AM 4. In what two ways do we describe wind? By speed and direction. Ex 25mph westerly wind. 5. How do we determine wind direction? Explain Wind direction is described as where the wind is coming from. For example a northerly wind blows from the north to the south. Feb 258:37 AM 6. Toward what direction does a west wind blow? To the east 7. What is the instrument used to measure wind speed? Describe how it works. Wind speed is measured with an anemometer. Four cups are mounted on spokes. As the wind turns the spokes, a speedometer attached to the spokes measures the wind speed.

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Page 1: Poles get indirect rays, equator gets direct rays

Ch 16­3 notes.notebook December 09, 2015

Feb 24­2:08 PM

1. Define wind and explain what causes it.

Wind is the horizontal movement of air from HIGH pressure to LOW pressure.

3. What causes differences in air pressure?

Unequal heating of the earth's surface causes temperature differences which cause pressure differences.

http://science.discovery.com/videos/deconstructed­barometer.html

Feb 24­2:41 PM

Unequal heating of earth's surface

Poles get indirect rays, equator gets direct rays

Dec 9­9:45 AM

Unequal Heating

Temperature Differences

Pressure Differences

Wind

Feb 24­3:20 PM

Higher temperatures (lighter air) cause lower air pressure

Lower temperatures (heavy air) cause higher air pressure.

Feb 25­8:33 AM

4. In what two ways do we describe wind?

By speed and direction. Ex 25mph westerly wind.

5. How do we determine wind direction? Explain

Wind direction is described as where the wind is coming from. For example a northerly wind blows from the north to the south.

Feb 25­8:37 AM

6. Toward what direction does a west wind blow?

To the east

7. What is the instrument used to measure wind speed? Describe how it works.

Wind speed is measured with an anemometer. Four cups are mounted on spokes. As the wind turns the spokes, a speedometer attached to the spokes measures the wind speed.

http://science.discovery.com/videos/deconstructed-barometer.html
Page 2: Poles get indirect rays, equator gets direct rays

Ch 16­3 notes.notebook December 09, 2015

Feb 25­8:43 AM

8. Define wind chill.

Wind chill is increased cooling caused by higher wind speeds.The greater the wind, the lower the wind chill

Feb 25­8:46 AM

Feb 25­8:47 AM

Local Winds1. Define and give an example of a local wind.

Local winds blow over short distances. For example, land breezes and sea breezes.

2. What causes local winds?Local winds are caused by unequal heating of the surface over a small area.

Feb 25­8:50 AM

4 and 5 Sea breeze and land breeze.

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1903/es1903page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

Feb 25­8:51 AM

5. Describe a monsoon.

Sea and land breezes over a large area that change direction seasonally.

6. Compare and contrast summer and winter monsoons.

Summer=High pressure over the ocean, low pressure over land brings warm moist air over land. (Rainy season)

Winter=High pressure over the land, low pressure over the ocean causes winds to blow from land to water.(Dry season)

­­­­

Mar 1­4:18 PM

LANDWATER

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1903/es1903page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Page 3: Poles get indirect rays, equator gets direct rays

Ch 16­3 notes.notebook December 09, 2015

Feb 25­8:53 AM

Global Winds1. Define global winds.Winds that blow steadily over a long distance from specific direction.

2. Why is there unequal heating of the earth's surface?The angle in incoming solar radiation affect the temperature of the earth's surface.The more direct the rays, the hotter the surface.Equator is hottest; poles, coldest.

Feb 25­11:57 AM

3. Explain global convection currents. What do they produce?Warm air rises at the equator and cold air sinks at the poles.Low pressure is created at the equator and high pressure is created at the poles.The movement of air from High to Low created global winds.

Feb 25­11:58 AM

4. Describe the Coriolis effect.

As the earth rotates from east to west, global winds appear to be deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1904/es1904page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcPs_OdQOYU

Feb 25­12:07 PM

Polar Easterlies

Horse Latitudes

Prevailing Westerlies

Doldrums

Trade Winds

Feb 25­12:14 PM

Doldrums: Areas of LOW pressure at the equator with little or no wind.

When sailing ships were stuck in the doldrums they drifted for days or weeks.

Feb 25­12:18 PM

Horse Latitudes: Areas of High Pressure where cool air sinks at 30 degrees N and S of the equator

Due to the lack of wind,sailors ran out of food andwater when they got stuck in the horse latitudes and had to throw the horses overboard.

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1904/es1904page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcPs_OdQOYU
Page 4: Poles get indirect rays, equator gets direct rays

Ch 16­3 notes.notebook December 09, 2015

Feb 25­12:24 PM

Trade Winds: Surface winds that blow from High to Low pressure between 30 degrees N and S toward the equator.

Feb 25­12:25 PM

Prevailing Westerlies: Surface winds that blow from High to Low pressure between 30 degrees N and S and 60 degrees N and S.

Feb 25­12:27 PM

Polar Easterlies: Surface winds that blow from high to low pressure between 90 degrees N and S and 60 degrees N and S.

Feb 25­12:28 PM

Jet Stream: Upper level winds (10KM above the earth's surface the blow from East to West at speed of 400­600 kph.Jet streams may wander N and S.

Mar 1­7:41 AM Dec 1­1:05 PM


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