poland · premium/luxury market in poland grew by 14% compared to 2017, reaching pln 24 billion...
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P O L A N DT H E M A R K E T A N A L Y S I S F O R W I N E T H E M E D
T O U R S T O S O U T H A F R I C A
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I ncreasing numbers of Polish
consumers seek a premium
category, tailored type of holiday
experience. Coupled with the fact
that there is also a growing preference
for far off destinations and that, as
recently as only 2018, interest in wine
tourism has been surging in Poland.
As a consequence of these three
converging trends it is clear that
offering wine-themed travel
experiences is an opportunity
not to be missed.
CONTEXT
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Macroeconomic Background
Macroeconomic Background
W ith a population of
nearly 40 million
inhabitants, Poland is the biggest
of the CEE (Central Eastern
European) countries in terms of
both population and area.
“Since 1989, Poland has increased its GDP per capita by almost 150% – more than any other country on the European continent.”
It is also the sixth biggest
population among the 28 EU
member states.
The Polish GDP growth in 2018
was at 5.1%, the double of the EU-
28 AVERAGE OF 2.4%.
And since 1995, according to the
World Bank, Poland has become
the fastest growing large economy
in the world among large countries
at a similar level of development,
surpassing in the continuous
key facts about the economy of Poland & the changing lifestyle habits of Poles
Macroeconomic background:
growth countries like Singapore or
South Korea.
For the first time in Poland’s
history, its economy is supported
by an inclusive, egalitarian, well-
educated and socially mobile
society, which has allowed the
whole population to flourish.
Indeed, Poland has been the only
post-communist economy where
incomes for the whole of society
have grown faster than the G-7
average.
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In 2017, there were 1.2 million
affluent people in Poland, 15%
more than the previous year.
According to IMF, Poland’s
economic growth – calculated in
purchasing power parity (PPP) per
capita – has already surpassed the
one of Greece, by 2021 an average
Pole will have a higher purchasing
power than an average Portuguese
and within five to seven years the
purchasing power of an average
Pole will exceed the one of an
average Italian.
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Macroeconomic Background
“For the first time in Poland’s history, its economy is supported by an inclusive, egalitarian, well-educated and socially mobile society, which has allowed the whole population to flourish.”
ZACHODNIOPOMORSKI
KUJAWSKO-POMORSKIE
LUBELSKIE
PODKARPACKIE
POMORSKI
MAZOWIECKIE
OPOLSKIE
WARMINSKO-MAZUR
PODLASKIE
SLASKIE
LEBUSKIE
DOLNOSLASKIESWIETOKRZYSKIE
WIELKOPOLSKIE
LODZ
MALOPOLSKIE
5. Poznan 4. Gdansk
1. Warszawa
2. Wroclaw
Dolnoslaskie with the capital city Wroclaw/Breslau
Wielkopolskie with the capital city Poznan (the 2nd richest city in Poland after Warsaw)
Pomorskie with the capital city Gdansk - Sopot - Gdynia (The Tricity)
Mazowieckie with the capital city Warsaw (the capital of Poland)
Slaskie with the capital city Katowice
3. KatowiceRegions of Poland with the highest number of wealthy and
rich people02
Such a significent leap combined
with the size of the population of
Poland creates vast opportunities
for entering this still less known,
yet with a high potential market
for high-quality products and
services.
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Macroeconomic Background
I n 2018 the value of the
premium/luxury market in
Poland grew by 14% compared
to 2017, reaching PLN 24 billion
(approx. ZAR 96 billion).
With the rapid increase of demand for premium products in Poland, the growth rate of the premium alcohol market will grow in Poland at an average of nearly 10% per year within the next 5 years.
After luxury cars and jewellery, premium alcohol is among the fastest growing premium market segments in Poland.
Number of affluent individuals in Poland (thousands)
2018
2021
1,303 thousand
1,603 thousand
Taxpayers generaing an income in excess of PLN 7.1 thousand pre-tax per month, paying a flat_rate tax of 19%
Taxpayers paying tax at the regular rate (exceeding the second tax threshhold)
Total pre-tax income.
Alcohol
9.6%
By 2023, within the next 5 years,
the value of this segment will
almost double reaching up to
PLN 40 billion (approx. ZAR 160
billion).
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The wine market in Poland
The wine market in Poland
W ine imports to Poland
are systematically
growing. Since 2010 the import
value rose from PLN 613 million
to PLN 2.16 billion.
PremiumisationWine is a category in which the
trend of premiumisation is very
visible – while the mainstream
segment grows by 7% year on year,
premium segments are growing at
a rate above 20%.
Interestingly, the demand for
sparkling wine has grown year on
year by approximately 30%.
The wine market in Poland: The premiumisation of the wine market in Poland
“Wine from the New World countries such
as South Africa increasingly gain
in popularity.”
The premium segment’s share of
the Polish wine market increased
from 22% to 40% and for sparkling
wine from 4% to 21% within eight
years (2008 – 2016).
It is very popular now in Poland
to explore wine from various parts
of the world. At any shop of any of
the major cities of the country one
can find a decent selection from
various corners of the world, not
just Europe.
Poles become increasingly
passionate about oenology – the
number of oenology courses
increase significantly, just as the
average price per bottle.
The structure of the countries of
origin of wine also changes – the
biggest wine exporters to Poland
remain Italy, USA, Spain, France
and Portugal.
While wine from the countries of
the former Eastern bloc, such as
Hungary or Bulgaria - lose their
shares, wine from the New World
countries such as Chile, Australia
or South Africa increasingly gain
in popularity.
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The wine market in Poland
T he increasing popularity
of wine in Poland has
resulted in the growing local wine
industry. Currently there are 200
wineries in Poland while fifteen
years ago there were only 24 of
them.
Interestingly, wine tourism,
or enotourism as it’s called in
Polish (enoturystyka), becomes
an increasingly popular form
of holidays among Poles thanks
to the initiatives of the Polish
wineries to promote their
brands combined with visiting
the vineyards, wine tasting and
eco/sustainable tourism (which
corresponds with the “Slow Life”
“There are an increasing number of Polish web portals dedicated exclusively to wine tourism.”
movement).
There is an increasing number
of Polish web portals dedicated
exclusively to wine tourism.
Their main goal is to promote
the Polish wineries, but they
also publish articles about wine
tourism in other parts of the
world, contributing consequently
to the popularisation of this form
of leisure.
Male 51%49%Female
68%
With a higher education degree
Living in a city
Wine type
Wine Origin
64%Red 82%Dry
Italy 32% Spain 15%
48%Aged 30-44 yrs old
The profile and the preference of the average wine consumer in Poland
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The evolution of travelling habits of Poles
The evolution of travelling habits of Poles
The evolution of travellinghabits of Poles
I n the 1990s / early 2000s
Poles weren’t yet among the
top European travellers, but the
situation is drastically changing as
the 40 million strong population
rapidly becomes more affluent
and, therefore, increasingly
geographically mobile and
interested in high quality
products and services.
Based on the data from the main
three multiagent travel platforms
in PL, in 2018 14% more Polish
tourists benefited from tourist
trips and charter trips were bought
by 36% more than in 2017.
The main destinations for summer
holidays remain within the
Mediterranean area.
80% of Poles would rather have
two holidays of one week than one
holiday of two weeks.
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“The 40 million strong population
rapidly becomes more affluent and,
therefore, increasingly geographically
mobile.”
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The evolution of travelling habits of Poles
I n 2018 over eighteen million
Poles went on holidays
(locally and abroad), which is 1. 5
million more than in the previous
year.
Even more importantly, 7.5
million Poles spent holidays
abroad, which is three million
more than in the previous year.
The number of Polish tourists
travelling via tour operators has
increased steadily since 2012: in
2018 51% of tourists travelling
abroad, which represents an
increase of +7% compared to 2017.
The revenues of the 30 largest
Polish tour operators reached
almost PLN 6.7 billion, which
is 27.7% more than a year earlier.
Poles are more and more often
starting to think about holidays
already a few months before the
planned trip, hence the growing
popularity of “first minute” offers,
which also has a positive effect on
the financial situation of travel
agencies. In 2018 around 40% of
tours could be bought in the “first
minute” offer.
“In 2018 over 18 million
Poles went on holiday
(locally and abroad).”
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The evolution of travelling habits of Poles
F urthermore, the preference
for four and five star
accommodation is increasingly
preferred over three star and two
star accommodation.
The choice of hotels by star range (summer 2017 vs summer 2018):options available through the offers of Polish tour operators
Standard of accommodation
2 3 4 5
STAR RATING
PER
C E
NTA
GE
(%)
0
30
10
40
20
50
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The evolution of travelling habits of Poles
Summer travellers Winter travellers
Families of >3 people: 22%
Couples +1 child: 20%
Singles: 10%
Couples: 49%
Singles: 8%
Families: 34% Couples: 58%
Couples
Families
Singles
Couples
Families of >3 people
Couples +1 child
Singles
Summer Versus Winter Travel PreferencesA ccording to the available
data, almost half of all
summer holidays abroad are
booked by couples and their
share is even higher in the winter
season reaching as high as 58%
(Christmas / January - February).
Furthermore, couples book 75%
of holidays during the Easter
break period.
Therefore, unlike on several other
European markets, in Poland
the highest demand for holidays
abroad is among couples – which
in part explains the current trend
of switching from three star hotels
to more luxurious four / five star
ones.
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Trends in winter holiday choices
Trends in winter holiday choices
T he interest in winter
holidays in warmer, non-
European countries has increased
significantly in Poland from one
year to another.
According to the stats of Wakacje.
pl (Holidays.pl), the number of
reservations via this popular portal
has increased by as much as 86%
from winter 2017 / 2018 to winter
2018 / 2019 and as compared to
the 2016 / 2017 season - as much
as 222%.
Moreover, the number of Poles
travelling abroad in winter has
been in 2018 / 2019 double that of
Trends in Winter Holiday Choices2017 / 2018 and triple that of 2016
/ 2017.
Most of the reservations have
been made by the inhabitants
of the two most affluent regions:
Mazovia (mostly Warsaw and
surroundings) and Silesia, followed
by Pomorze and Wielkopolskie –
see the map.
Main destinations for winter
holidays:
The most popular destination for
winter holidays remains Egypt
(nearly 30% of bookings) followed
by Turkey and Spain.
Below the top three are more
distant locations: Dominican
Republic and Kenya are just
behind Spain. Other destinations
that rapidly gain in popularity are
Zanzibar, Thailand and further
behind UAE and China.
10
“The interest in winter holidays in warmer, non-
European countries increases significantly in
Poland.”
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Trends in winter holiday choices
T he average price of a week
long holiday in the summer
period is 5.709 PLN per person
(mostly to the Mediterranean and
the EU).
However, the average price for
a week long holiday in winter is
much higher – on average it is
8-9.000 PLN per person.
Moreover, when Egypt (7.100
PLN), Turkey (4.400 PLN) and
Spain (7.800 PLN) are excluded,
the average price per week in a
non–Mediterranean country is
around 16.500 PLN per person.
8 695 PLN
7 888 PLN
6 183 PLN
8 936 PLN
6 972 PLN
9 507 PLN
6 534 PLN
10 388 PLN
7 870 PLN
7 258 PLN
9 111 PLN
6 218 PLN 6 734 PLN
7 893 PLN
9 460 PLN
8 041 PLN
Łódzkie (Łódź)
Warmińsko Mazurskie (Olsztyn)
Mazowieckie (Warsaw)
9 460 PLN
10 388 PLN
9 507 PLN
02
01
03The average cost of
1-week winter holiday abroad, by region of origin
of the PL travellers
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The available offer of trips to South Africa via Polish tour operators
The available offer of trips to South Africa via Polish tour operators
A s studied in the Excel
file accompanying this
analysis, out of the 25 Polish tour
operators who currently offer trips
to SA, only three offer a trip that
would include discovering South
African wineries. And only one of
The available offers of trips toSouth Africa via Polish tour operators
them (Misja Wino) offers a truly
wine-themed experience in South
Africa.
It appears therefore that wine-
themed tours to SA are not yet
widely available in Poland.
What is worth noting however is
that wine tourism becomes popular
in Poland only since recently and
thus, it is the right moment to
seize a share in this growing niche
market.
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Currently there are three tour
organisers specialised in wine
tourism:
Podróże z Winem (English: Travels
with wine, created in 2000s), Misja
Wino (English: Mission Wine,
Marek Kondrat, a famous actor and the founder of Kondrat Wina (a wine distributing company)
+= +
+= +(Jarosław Kuźniar, a famous journalist and the founder of goforworld.com (tour operator)
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The available offer of trips to South Africa via Polish tour operators
created in 2018) and Podróże
Kocham Wino (English: I Love
Wine Travels, created in February
2019).
The two latter ones have been
launched only recently and
are based on a similar type of
partnership, composed of: a
boutique tour operator + a wine
distributor + a public figure.
T wo out of the three tour
organisers offering wine
tourism have South African
winelands on offer (lines 14 & 15
in the Excel list).
Podróże z Winem offers the same
“Wine & Safari” trip that’s on offer
via Noble Concierge (one of the
luxury tour operators, see details
in line 13 of the Excel list).
Misja Wino is currently the only
Polish provider of more developed
wine themed tours to South Africa.
So far they’ve organised only one
such trip, in February 2019.
The third wine-specialised travel
operator, Podróże Kocham Wino,
as it was launched only in February
2019, hasn’t done any trips yet,
but the first ones that are already
planned and available for booking
are Italy ( June 2019) and Georgia
(September 2019).
Photographs from the Misja Wino tour in
February 2019
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The available offer of trips to South Africa via Polish tour operators
T he comparison of the two
available offers of wine
themed tours to South Africa.
“Cape Winelands” (10 days, offered by Misja Wino via Esta Travel tour operator)
ITINERARY:
Day 1: Cape Town
Day 2: Cape of Good Hope
Day 3: Stellenbosch (Villiera Wines, Fairview wineries)
Day 4: Franschoek
Day 5: Breede River Wine Valley (Fraai Uitzicht)
Day 6: Breede River Wine Valley (an olive production site, Arabella)
Day 7: Private Game Reseve
Day 8: Cape Agulhas, Black Oyster Catcher winery
Day 9: Hermanus (Lothian winery), Elgin valley
Return to PL from Cape Town.
Cost per person: 3400 EUR (14,650 PLN) + around 4000 PLN (flight
to SA) = around 18.650 PLN per person (approx. 74.000 ZAR /
person).
“Safari & Wine” (10 days, offered by Podróże z Winem and Noble Concierge)
ITINERARY:
Day 1: Sommerset West
Day 2: Stellenbosch
Day 3: Franschoek
Day 4: the Elgin valley
Day 5: Cape of Good Hope
Day 6: Constantia and Waterfront
Day 7: Zambia & Zimbabwe (Livingstone, Victoria Falls)
Day 8: Safari in Zimbabwe
Day 9: Botswana (Chobe Natural Reserve), return to Zimbabwe
Day 10: Livingstone Royal Express
Return to PL from Livingstone via Johannesburg.
Cost per person: 9500 PLN + around 4000 PLN (flight to SA) + 3500
USD (13.369 PLN - for the trip to Botswana) = around 26.869 PLN
per person (approx. 107.476 ZAR per person).
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Conclusions and Next Steps
Conclusions and Next Steps
15
Conclusions and Next StepsW ith the rapidly growing
purchasing power of
Poles that is consequent to the
economic growth (5.1% GDP year
on year in 2018), the demand for
high quality services (tourism) and
products (wine) is on the rise in
Poland.
Indeed, the travelling habits of
Poles go under the process of
premiumisation as four and five
star accommodation becomes
more popular than three star and
below and, in parallel, distant
holiday destinations, beyond
Europe and the Mediterranean,
become increasingly popular –
especially for winter holidays.
Interestingly, as much as 58%
of Poles travelling in winter
and 49% of those on holidays
abroad in the summer are
couples. Combined with holidays
booked by singles, it makes Poland
a perfect market for niche holidays
as opposed to‚ family holidays,
dominant in several other
European countries. Typically, the
average Pole on holiday in "exotic
destinations” is either going there
as a couple or alone, which creates
an additional argument for the
development of an offer consisting
of niche-type of holidays, among
others wine tourism.
Therefore, given the size of
the Polish population (almost
40 million), the proportion of
the growing group of affluent
Poles (1.3 million should not be
disregarded when identifying high
potential markets for the business
expansion.
Furthermore, given that the
Polish market is not as mature as
the ones of Western Europe, its
growth is more dynamic as the
country rapidly catches up with its
western neighbours and there are
more niche market / premium
opportunities to seize.
Although declining, Kenya is
still the most popular (non-
Mediterranean) African
destination for winter holidays.
However, as many Poles still are
not aware, South Africa offers
a lot more, notably The Cape
Winelands – a region having
the oldest wineries aside those
of Europe; located in some of the
most strikingly beautiful scenery
found anywhere in the world.
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Conclusions and Next Steps
T here are just under 4,000
tour operators registered
in Poland, yet South Africa is only
offered by approximately 25 of
them.
The status quo: 99% of trips to
South Africa on offer via Polish
tour operators are safari-oriented
and only three companies
offer wine-themed tours to the
Cape Winelands (two of them
specialised in wine tourism and
one specialised in luxury tourism).
As the wine market in Poland is
on the rise and, more specifically,
its premium segment grows at
20% year on year, hundreds of
thousands of Poles are happy to
spend more per wine bottle in
order to enjoy the taste nuances.
Knowing one’s wine is becoming
very popular.
16
Perhaps paradoxically = wine
tourism is becoming popular in
Poland due to the growth of the
local Polish wine industry. Within
only the last two to three years
several portals like “enoturystyka.
pl”, “portalenoturystyczny.pl”
have appeared to promote local
wine tourism. Numerous Polish
wineries are offering eco-tourism /
“Slow-Life” experiences combining
accommodation and wine tasting
sessions at their farms.
Meanwhile, over less than the last
twelve months, some of the major
wine distributors have teamed up
with premium / boutique tour
operators to create an offer of
wine-themed tours of various wine-
producing countries. A potential
retail partner might fit the profile
of a company such as Mielzynski
Wines (http://www.mielzynski.pl).
Input from the major wine
distributors promoting wine
themed holidays abroad may be
significant in the long run because
– as they run online wine shops
and e-commerce grows in Poland
faster than the EU average = they
advertise their co-organised wine-
themed holidays on their online
shop websites. Example below :
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Conclusions and Next Steps17
T he concept of wine tourism
hasn’t been exploited in
Poland until very recently. And
it seems that only since 2018 it’s
been gaining its momentum.
Three existing offers of wine-
themed tours to South Africa do
not meet the potential demand
for it – counted in high
numbers as the country is
comparable to Spain rather than
to the Netherlands in terms of size
for instance.
Moreover, given that it is the
premium-seeking travellers who
are interested in wine tourism,
countries like Italy or Spain may
seem less “exclusive” to discover
than the Cape Winelands.
Furthermore, according to a
recent study by Nielsen Group,
67% of Poles buy a specific
wine following a personal
recommendation and same
applies to premium, boutique,
niche forms of leisure.
Since Marek Kondrat Wines (a
brand exemplifying a certain
lifestyle in Poland) joined forces
only in 2018 with a luxury tour
operator Esta Travel to create
Mission Wine tours (they have
already organised their first trip to
SA) – it is a sign to appeal to this
market now.
Misja Wino will probably organise
another wine-themed travel
experience to SA next winter
season, Podróże Kocham Wino
is busy promoting wine-themed
tours to Europe and Georgia –
therefore it does give some time,
within the upcoming months, to
reply to the existing, growing
demand for such a form of leisure.
Even though Poland is a post-
communist country, the average
price per person spent on such
trips is comparable to the Western
rates, therefore the margin levels
should be comparable. It is the
premium range of Polish travellers
that would be the target clientele.
The fact that Misja Wino
organised their first wine themed
only tour of the Cape Winelands
as recently as in February 2019
shouldn’t appear as competition,
but as a piece of hard evidence
to dive into this specific niche
market. The Polish tour operators
specialised in wine tourism are
scarce and much less experienced
in the travel business than the most
recognised, mainstream ones.
Therefore the momentum for the
experienced SA tour operators, as
well as SA wineries / wine farms, is
today to approach this high
potential market before it is done
by the peers from Australia, Chile,
California and other “New World”
wine holiday destinations that
Poles are increasingly interested
as an alternative to the well-known
Mediterranean. Therefore the
momentum for the experienced
SA tour operators, as well as SA
wineries / wine farms, is today
to approach this high potential
market before it is done by the
peers from Australia, Chile,
California and other “New World”
wine / holiday destinations that
Poles are increasingly interested
as an alternative to the well-known
Mediterranean.
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Conclusions and Next Steps18
Marketing – reaching out to the potential clients:
• Online main focus: PPC & other online‚ sales funnel channels
• Offline – just as important, as the premium / niche-seeking clientele relies very much on word-of-mouth / personal recommendation
form of communication:
• Organising events at restaurants /bars.
- Example: http://www.mielzynski.pl/index.php/AboutUs/
• Reaching out to local wine experts/influencers – for example:
• Winicjatywa.pl
• Czaswina.pl
Meetings with local tourism experts:
• Polish Chamber of Tourism (PIT) – Ms Ewa Kubaczyk
• Travelreps.pl - Ms Barbara Dziedzic
• SA wine importers
• Other.
Recommendations
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Appendices
19
AppendicesT he avalanche of travel
agency bankruptcies in
the summer of 2012 has resulted
in modifications of the laws that
protect Polish travellers.
At the end of 2016, the Tourist
Guarantee Fund was launched.
It provides additional protection
in the event of insolvency of the
tour organizers or of travel agents.
Entrepreneurs professionally
involved in organizing tourist
events are obliged to pay a
contribution to the Tourist
Guarantee Fund for each
participant of a tourist event.
The amount of contributions
depends on the country where
the tourist event will take place
and on the mode of transport to
and from the venue of the tourist
event.
Last year, 3.5 thousand Polish
tour operators transferred PLN
40 million to the Fund’s account.
A tour operator that does not pay
contributions can be removed from
the tourism register and will not
be able to engage commercially in
the travel industry for three years.
Since 2016, when the Tourist
Guarantee Fund was established,
20 companies have been banned
so far.
On 1 July 2018 a law describing
“tourist events and related tourism
services” has been established to
reflect an EU Directive on the
same subject. The new regulations
that implement the EU law
expand the circle of entities
obliged to pay a contribution to
the Tourist Guarantee Fund. Since
July, entrepreneurs offering so-
called related travel services also
bear such an obligation.
Additionally, due to the recent
changes in law, tourists can
continue their holiday even if
the organizing travel agency
goes bankrupt in the meantime.
Customers are now able to file
complaints up to 30 days after
the completion of the trip and all
claims are only lapse after three
years from the travel date.
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Wine tourism chosen as strategically crucial for the South African tourism growth
20
C hristo Conradie, a manager
of Vinpro’s cellar division,
said through developing and
broadening wine tourism together,
the organisation aims to attract
a greater range of visitors to the
country and improve the spread of
visitors to smaller and rural areas.
https://www.iol.co.za/capeargus/
news/cape-wine-tourism-grows-
by-16-13810526
Would contacting VinPro be
interesting? For their potential
support in our goal to bring in
Polish travellers to the wineries of
the Cape? Reaching out to Vinpro
with this project would be naturally
interesting for them too – in their
interest to “help” bringing in more
visitors.
https://vinpro.co.za/
Same would apply to WOSA
(Wines of South Africa):
https://www.wosa.co.za/About-Us/
WOSA/
There’s an entire section
about wine tourism on the
organisation’s website so clearly
they are engaged in promoting
SA wine tourism and logically
they should be interested in Hex
/ Abang’s project to promote SA
wine tourism in Poland:
https://www.wosa.co.za/Wine-
T o u r i s m / A - Wo r l d - I n - T h e -
Winelands/
The official website dedicated to
the promotion of SA wine tourism
and run by WOSA:
https://www.visitwinelands.co.za/
More about this official portal that
promotes South Africa as a wine
tourism destination:
https:/ /www.traveller24.com/
TravelPlanning/wine -worth -
travelling-for-south-africas-wine-
tourism-goes-digital-20170628
The list of South African inbound
tour operators offering wine-
themed tours (even though the
list is long, none of them seems to
target the PL market) :
https://www.wosa.co.za/Wine-
Tourism/links/
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W hy wine tourism is
booming in 2018 – and
the best destinations to visit.
https: / /www.telegraph.co.uk/
travel/food-and-wine-holidays/
best-destinations-for-wine/
Groot Expectations: Is South
Africa #1 for Wine Tourism?
h t t p s : / / w i n e e c o n o m i s t .
com/2014/03/25/south-africa-2/
Cape wine tourism grows by 16%.
https://www.iol.co.za/capeargus/
news/cape-wine-tourism-grows-
by-16-13810526
Sustainable wine tours are getting
better than ever.
h t t p s : / / w w w. s u s t a i n a b i l i t y -
Further reading on wine tourism as an interesting opportunity to seize
times.com/green-consumerism/
sustainable-wine-tours-are-getting-
better-than-ever/
Articles:
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The Polish Internet on wine-themed holidays in South Africa and beyond
http://enoturystyka.org.pl/rejony/afryka/rpa/trasa-winiarska-w-stellenbosch-w-rpa/
http://portalenoturystyczny.pl/enoturystyka/
http://bezzadecia.pl/halo-czy-to-na-pewno-afryka-kapsztad-rpa/
https://deluxe.trojmiasto.pl/Enoturystyka-Podroze-szlakiem-wina-n113447.html
https://gadzetomania.pl/27741,enoturystyka-czyli-poznajemy-smaki-wina
https://poradnikurlopowy.pl/podroze-szlakiem-wina-enoturystyka-na-urlopie/
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The available offer of trips to South Africa via Polish tour operators