plants. what are plants multicellular eukaryotes cell walls- cellulose develop from multicellular...
TRANSCRIPT
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- PLANTS
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- What Are Plants Multicellular Eukaryotes Cell walls- cellulose Develop from multicellular embryos Carry out Photosynthesis using Chlorophyll a and b Include: trees, shrubs, grasses, mosses, ferns
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- Plant Life Cycle 2 phases-mitosis and meiosis alternate to produce two types of cells sporophyte -Diploid (2n)- spore producing plant Gametophyte- Haploid (n)- gamete producing plant Early plants(mosses/ferns) require water for reprod. Later plants use seeds Can be asexual or vegetative
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- What Plants Need To Survive Sunlight- energy for photosynthesis Water + Minerals - photosynthesis Gas Exchange- CO for photosynthesis Movement of Water/Nutrients- specialized tissue to move from roots to leaves Xylem phloem
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- Early Plants 1 st plants evolved from multicellular green algae (protist) Similarities: Photosynthesis Color Reproductive cycle Cell walls Pigments= chlorophyll DNA sequences
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- First Plants Mosses
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- Mosses evolve to form vascular plants Vascular tissue- conduct water/nutrient through plant Ferns Cone bearing plants (conifers) Flowering plants(Angiosperms)
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- Classification of Plants Based on Water conducting tissues Seeds Flowers
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- Bryophyta Depend on water for reproduction Lack vascular tissue Use osmosis to draw up water ( few cm) Low growing Live in moist/shaded areas Types: Mosses, Liverworts, Hornworts
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- Mosses Habitat: areas with water Poor soils Harsh environments Rhizoids-long thin cells, anchor to ground, absorb water
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- Liverworts Reproduce: sexually/asexually Asexually- Gemmae- multicellular reprod. structures-produced in Gemmae cup
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- Hornworts Reproductive structure- tiny green horn
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- Ferns/Relatives Seedless vascular plants Club mosses- Lycophyta Horsetails-Equisetum Ferns-pterophyta Depend on water for reprod. Lycophyta Equisetum
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- Ferns Rhizomes-underground stems Fronds- leaves
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- Seed Plants Gymnosperms- seeds directly on surface Conifers and ancient palm like plants Angiosperms- flowering plants- bear seeds within layers of tissue
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- Reproduction- no water Adaptations: Flowers/cones Pollen Protection of embryos in seeds
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- Cones/flowers- Gametophytes grow and mature in structures
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- Pollen- male gametophyte carried into female reprod. Structure by wind animal insects
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- Seed- embryo of plant encased in protective covering surrounded by food supply Seed coat- surrounds/protects contents Prevent drying out
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- Specialized structure for dispersal Textured to stick Fleshy tissue to be eaten Wind dispersal
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- Gymnosperms Naked Seed Gnetophytes- Africa Cycads- palm-like Ginkgoes-1 species left Conifers
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- Ecology of Conifers Developed needle shaped leaves with waxy coat to reduce the amount of moisture lost
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- Angiosperms Enclosed seed Unique reproductive structures known as flowers Attract bees, moths, hummingbirds for transport of pollen Contain ovaries- surround and protect seeds- Ovary develops into fruit Fruit-wall of tissue surrounding seed Organisms eat fruit spread seeds
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- Monocots/Dicots Dicots Fibrous roots Taproot
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- Woody/Herbaceous Plants Woody-thick cell walls for support Trees, shrubs, vines Herbaceous-smooth, non-woody Dandelions, zinnias, petunias
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- Annuals/Biennials/Perennials Life spans Annuals- live one year Biennials- complete life cycle in 2 years Perennials- live for many years
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- Venus Fly Trap Video