Periodic TablePeriodic Table

Groups and PeriodsGroups and Periods Groups = The vertical columns on the Groups = The vertical columns on the

periodic tableperiodic table There are 18 of themThere are 18 of them Group 18 is called the “NOBLE GASES”Group 18 is called the “NOBLE GASES”

Also called the “Inert Gases”Also called the “Inert Gases”

Group NamesGroup Names

Alkali Metals (Group 1)Alkali Metals (Group 1) Alkaline Earth Metals Alkaline Earth Metals

(Group 2)(Group 2) Transition Metals Transition Metals

(Groups 3-12)(Groups 3-12) Halogens (Group 17)Halogens (Group 17) Noble Gasses (Group Noble Gasses (Group

18)18)

Groups and PeriodsGroups and Periods Periods = The horizontal rows on the Periods = The horizontal rows on the

periodic tableperiodic table There are 7 of themThere are 7 of them

Lanthanides and ActinidesLanthanides and Actinides

Solids/Liquids/GasesSolids/Liquids/Gases Every periodic table indicates whether Every periodic table indicates whether

an element is solid, liquid or gas at an element is solid, liquid or gas at room temperatureroom temperature Look for the legend (just like on a map)Look for the legend (just like on a map)

Metals/NonmetalsMetals/Nonmetals

Look at the “zig-zag” lineLook at the “zig-zag” line Left of it = Metals (with one exception)Left of it = Metals (with one exception) Right of it = nonmetalsRight of it = nonmetals

MetalloidsMetalloids

Have properties of metals AND Have properties of metals AND nonmetalsnonmetals

Right on the zig-zagRight on the zig-zag

Atomic NumberAtomic Number

Atomic Number = The number of Atomic Number = The number of PROTONS in an atomPROTONS in an atom

USUALLY Number of Protons = Number USUALLY Number of Protons = Number of Electronsof Electrons

Atomic MassAtomic Mass

Measured in “Atomic Mass Units” Measured in “Atomic Mass Units” AMUsAMUs

One Proton = 1 AMUOne Proton = 1 AMU One Neutron = 1 AMUOne Neutron = 1 AMU One Electron = 0 AMU One Electron = 0 AMU (so small it doesn’t matter)(so small it doesn’t matter)

Finding How Many NeutronsFinding How Many Neutrons

Atomic Number tells you how many Atomic Number tells you how many protonsprotons One proton = 1 AMU eachOne proton = 1 AMU each

Round Atomic Mass to nearest whole Round Atomic Mass to nearest whole numbernumber

Count how many AMUs you needCount how many AMUs you need

NeutronsNeutrons

Atomic Number = 8Atomic Number = 8

Number of Protons = 8Number of Protons = 8

Total AMUs so far = 8 AMUTotal AMUs so far = 8 AMU

Atomic Mass = 16 AMUAtomic Mass = 16 AMU

8 AMUs of mass is needed8 AMUs of mass is needed

8 Neutrons complete it8 Neutrons complete it

IsotopesIsotopes Isotope = Same element, different Isotope = Same element, different

number of neutronsnumber of neutrons Same atomic number, same number of Same atomic number, same number of

protons, same number of electronsprotons, same number of electrons

Atomic Mass (again)Atomic Mass (again)

Isotopes explain why the atomic Isotopes explain why the atomic mass is a weird decimal numbermass is a weird decimal number

Atomic mass is the AVERAGE of ALL Atomic mass is the AVERAGE of ALL ISOTOPES of that elementISOTOPES of that element

What is the group number for Carbon?

A.) 1

B.) 2

C.) 13

D.) 14

What is the period number for Magnesium?

A.) 1

B.) 2

C.) 3

D.) 4

Where is Gold located on the periodic table?

A.) Period 6; Group 11

B.) Period 11; Group 6

C.) Period 5; Group 12

What is the atomic number for Lead?

A.) 80

B.) 82

C.) 84

How many neutrons are in one atom of lithium?

A.) 2

B.) 3

C.) 4

How many neutrons are in one atom of oxygen?

A.) 8

B.) 16

C.) 32