Agenda Bell Work

• Bill Nye: Atoms

• Notes: Periodic Table

HW: Chp 18 pg 308-313, 317-318

Chp 17-18 “Quest” Tuesday

• Pick up Crossword Puzzle from front desk

• Complete using periodic table

Periodic TablePeriodic Table

January 2, 2013January 2, 2013

ObjectivesObjectives

1.1. Describe the structure of the Describe the structure of the periodic tableperiodic table

2.2. Distinguish between metal, Distinguish between metal, nonmetal, metalloidnonmetal, metalloid

3.3. Identify and describe properties of Identify and describe properties of halogens, noble gaseshalogens, noble gases

Organization of the TableOrganization of the Table

Tells about the elements Tells about the elements structures, and how they behavestructures, and how they behave

Grouped as metals, nonmetals, Grouped as metals, nonmetals, and metalloidsand metalloids

MetalsMetals

shiny, opaque, shiny, opaque, and good and good conductors of conductors of electricity and electricity and heatheat

MalleableMalleable – – Hammered or Hammered or bent into different bent into different shapes without shapes without breakingbreaking

Ductile – can be drawn into wiresDuctile – can be drawn into wires

Most metals are solids at room Most metals are solids at room temperature except; Hg, Ga, Cs, temperature except; Hg, Ga, Cs, FrFr– MercuryMercury– GalliumGallium– CesiumCesium– FranciumFrancium

NonmetalsNonmetals

Poor conductors of electricity Poor conductors of electricity and heatand heat

May be transparentMay be transparent

Brittle and shatter when Brittle and shatter when hammeredhammered

Solid, CSolid, C

Liquid, BrLiquid, Br

Gaseous, HeGaseous, He

MetalloidsMetalloids

Six elementsSix elements B, Si, Ge, As, Te, SbB, Si, Ge, As, Te, Sb Found between Found between

metals and metals and nonmetalsnonmetals

Both metallic and nonmetallic Both metallic and nonmetallic propertiesproperties

Weak conductors of electricityWeak conductors of electricity

Used for electronic equipment, Used for electronic equipment, rocket fuel, detergents, optical rocket fuel, detergents, optical equipmentequipment

Organization of the TableOrganization of the Table

Periods – horizontal rowPeriods – horizontal row Group(family) – vertical columnGroup(family) – vertical column

7 periods7 periods 18 groups18 groups

Periodic TrendPeriodic Trend

Gradual change of atoms across Gradual change of atoms across any periodany period

Ex. Atomic size gets smaller from Ex. Atomic size gets smaller from left to rightleft to right

Each period represents a full Each period represents a full cycle - periodicitycycle - periodicity

What trends do your melting points, What trends do your melting points, and densities show?and densities show?

GroupsGroups

Properties tend to be similar Properties tend to be similar

Electrons lost or gained give Electrons lost or gained give these propertiesthese properties

Group 1 – AlkalineGroup 1 – Alkaline

– found ashes mixed in water found ashes mixed in water produce a slippery solutionproduce a slippery solution

– Arabic for al-qali – ashesArabic for al-qali – ashes

– Used for soapsUsed for soaps

Brainaic Alkaline Metals

Group 2 - Alkaline Earth Group 2 - Alkaline Earth MetalsMetals

– Form basic (alkaline) solutions Form basic (alkaline) solutions when mixed with waterwhen mixed with water

– Do not melt or change in fire – Do not melt or change in fire – known to alchemists as “earth”known to alchemists as “earth”

Group 16 – ChalogensGroup 16 – Chalogens

– ““ore-forming” – sulfur and Polonium ore-forming” – sulfur and Polonium are commonly found in oresare commonly found in ores

Group 17 – HalogensGroup 17 – Halogens

– ““salt-forming” – forms various saltssalt-forming” – forms various salts– Halogen lamps – iodine and Halogen lamps – iodine and

brominebromine– Comparing Halogens

Group 18 – Noble gasesGroup 18 – Noble gases

– Unreactive, tend not to combine Unreactive, tend not to combine with other elementswith other elements

– Noble Gas Balloons

Group 3 through 12 – Group 3 through 12 – Transition MetalsTransition Metals

– Harder than alkaline metals, Harder than alkaline metals, Less reactive with waterLess reactive with water

– Named for their central Named for their central positionposition

Inner transition MetalsInner transition Metals

Sixth Period – LanthanidesSixth Period – Lanthanides

– Found mixed together in the same Found mixed together in the same locationslocations

– Difficult to purifyDifficult to purify

Seventh Period – ActinidesSeventh Period – Actinides

– Heavier than Uranium are synthesized in a Heavier than Uranium are synthesized in a laboratorylaboratory

With the periodic table as your guide, With the periodic table as your guide, describe Se. Use as many of this describe Se. Use as many of this chapter’s key terms as you canchapter’s key terms as you can