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Cambodia Countering Trafficking-in-Persons (CTIP) Program

Annual Progress Report: October 2015-September 30, 2016

CAMBODIA COUNTERING TRAFFICKING-IN-PERSONS (CTIP) PROGRAM Annual Report: October 2015-September 2016

Cooperative Agreement Number: AID-442-A-15-00002

DISCLAIMER The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.



Table of Contents

Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................... 1

I. Goals and Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 2

II. Summary of Achievements this YEAR ........................................................................................... 3

III. Performance of Objectives ................................................................................................................ 6

IV. Project Management .......................................................................................................................... 41

V. Challenges and Proposed Solutions ............................................................................................... 45

VI. Planned Activities for Next YEAR ................................................................................................. 50

ANNEXES

1. MEP 2. Research in Internal

Migration: http://www.open.org.kh/research/Internal_migration_Sep_2016.pdf 3. Assessment on Social Discrimination and

TIP: https://ctipcambodia.files.wordpress.com/2016/10/ctip-gender-social-discrimination-findings-recommendations-oct-2016-2-report.pdf

4. MoU with ICare

http://www.open.org.kh/research/Internal_migration_Sep_2016.pdf

https://ctipcambodia.files.wordpress.com/2016/10/ctip-gender-social-discrimination-findings-recommendations-oct-2016-2-report.pdf

https://ctipcambodia.files.wordpress.com/2016/10/ctip-gender-social-discrimination-findings-recommendations-oct-2016-2-report.pdf



Acronyms 4Ks .................................................................................................................... Kon Khmer Koun Khmer AHTJP ....................................................................... Anti-Human Trafficking and Juvenile Protection ARP ...................................................................................................................................... At-Risk People AYLA .............................................................................................. ASEAN Youth Leaders Association BCC .............................................................................................................. Behavior Change Campaign CCPCR................................................ Cambodian Center for the Protection of Children's Rights CEDAC .................................... Cambodian Center for the Study of Development in Agriculture COMMIT ........................................ Coordinated Mekong Ministerial Initiative Against Trafficking CSO ................................................................................................... Community Service Organization CTIP ........................................................................................................ Counter Trafficking in Persons FGD .................................................................................................................. Focus Group Discussions GMAC ........................................................................................ Garment Manufacturers in Cambodia ICT ................................................................................ Information and Communication Technology IEC .................................................................................... Information Education and Communication IESC............................................................................................ International Executive Service Corps IJM ................................................................................................................ International Justice Mission IO .................................................................................................................... International Organization IR .................................................................................................................................. Intermediate Result KAP ................................................................................................... Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice KCM................................................................................................................................... Kampong Cham KTM ................................................................................................................................... Kampong Thom LSCW ........................................................... Legal Support for Women and Children Organization MAC ............................................................................................................... Migrant Assistance Center MEP ......................................................................................................... Monitoring and Evaluation Plan MoEYS ..................................................................................... Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport MOI ............................................................................................................................... Ministry of Interior MOJ ................................................................................................................................. Ministry of Justice MoSAVY ...................................................................... Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans and Youth MOU ...................................................................................................... Memoradum of Understanding MOWA ....................................................................................................... Ministry of Women’s Affairs NCCT............................................................................ National Committee for Counter Trafficking NGO .................................................................................................... Non-governmental Organization NPA .................................................................................................................. National Plan of Action OI .......................................................................................................................................... Open Institute PCCTs ....................................................................... Provincial Committees for Counter Trafficking RGC ..................................................................................................... Royal Government of Cambodia SHG ................................................................................................................................. Self-Help Groups SOP ....................................................................................................... Standard Operating Procedures SRP .............................................................................................................................. Siem Reap province TOT ............................................................................................................................ Training of Trainers TWG .............................................................................................................Technical Working Groups USG ................................................................................................................ United States Government VoT ........................................................................................................................... Victims of Trafficking


Annual Progress Report: October 2015-September 2016 Page 1

I. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

Winrock International and its partners, International Justice Mission (IJM) and Open Institute (OI), will advance human rights by improving systems to Countering Trafficking-in-Persons (CTIP) in Cambodia through a holistic, multi-pronged, four-year program that bolsters the capacity of communities and government actors in coordination with private sector and development partners. CTIP will improve systems to counter TIP through the 4Ps paradigm: Prevention efforts will 1) deliver accessible information on safe and smart migration to vulnerable populations through ICT tools and migration services in Cambodia and destination countries; 2) address root causes of TIP by expanding livelihoods options and skills through locally-relevant, market-driven partnerships; and 3) strengthen NPA implementation through engagement and advocacy on national and sub-national levels. Protection activities will 1) standardize victim identification and facilitate victim-driven, trauma-informed case management; 2) increase access to and quality of victim services; and 3) build community safety networks to empower victims and vulnerable people. Prosecution work will 1) enable TIP victims to access legal services and push for justice; and 2) increase TIP reporting and improve the outcomes of TIP investigation and prosecution through training of criminal justice actors and inter-agency collaboration. Partnerships with the private sector, NCCT and provincial and commune-level structures will advance prevention, protection and prosecution. CTIP will leverage resources and expertise of CSOs and donors such as USAID to bring services to target communes. To address the unique roles, risks, vulnerabilities and needs of males and females, CTIP will apply gender analysis to planning, implementation, and performance monitoring across objectives. Approaches for integrating gender may include but are not limited to:

• Prevention: Working through youth networks, media, and schools, messaging will challenge attitudes and behaviors that can lead to exploitative situations for both males and females. Livelihoods interventions will emphasize training and job placement for women, including women whose spouses or male family members have migrated.

• Protection: CTIP will tailor gender-sensitive protection services to the expressed needs of men and women. A focus on community-based care and referrals will provide men and women with time and space to recover from trauma while allowing them to reconnect with their families and communities.

• Prosecution: CTIP will emphasize gender-sensitive prosecution techniques, helping justice system actors understand gender dynamics and respect and protect victims and witnesses.



II. SUMMARY OF PROJECT PROGRESS

KEY Results:

Policies

• National TIP Identification guidelines endorsed, training team organized, two trainings conducted.

• The 9 assisted PCCTs have developed PPAs and budgets for 2016. However, the budget was

approved only in five (5) and only 41% of budget was spent.

• MoU with China on combating TIP finalized (signed in October 2016).

Partnerships

Agreements with:

• PACT and Cambodia ACTS to conduct joint research on internal migration and market scan for

low skill migrants;

• National Employment Agency for cooperation in research on internal migration and on ToT on

soft skill training;

• World Renew to continue to support capacity building of their staff on TIP;

• Chab Dai to work jointly with IJM in the Community Workshops for 2017;

• IOM to work jointly on revising the CV for Royal Police Academy;

• Partnership developed with UNACT to support NCCT to implement ID guidelines and to conduct

mid-term review of NPA;

• MoU signed with iCare, a company that provides interest-free microloans to factory workers to

purchase electronic items, support the job-seeking platform and access garment workers.

(Under process: partnership with SMART, GMAC, CP, MyTV, ABC Radio, MoEYS, BBC Media Action, Swiss

Development Cooperation, RUPP and ACTED)

Prevention-Safety Nets

• 3,327 at risk people received assistance.

• 158 Self Help Group established with 2,077 members are ARPs.

• 7 Small Cooperatives formed.

• 50 communes start reducing vulnerability to TIP.

Safe Migration and Safe Jobs

• Agreement with Kon Khmer Koun Khmer (4K) for the Chatomouk Youth Film Festival to produce

short films on TIP prevention.

• Photo exhibition on the life of Cambodian bride in China organized.

• ASEAN Youth Leader’s Association (AYLA) collaboration organized 8 radio talk shows.



• 20,860 IEC tools disseminated.

• 151 youth volunteers trained on TIP and safe migration.

• 2 awareness-raising comedy shows aired on National TV.

• Job seeking platform for low skilled workers, Bong Pheak, launched in October - delay requested

by the team of the Impact Evaluation to first conduct baseline.

Protection

• 805 TIP victims assisted.

• 418 service providers trained on protection against human trafficking, identification of victims

and referral mechanisms.

• 3 TIP victims referred to services for reintegration by commune councils’ trained members.

• Survivors network under development - first forum organized and leaders identified.

Prosecution

• Agreement with Police Academy of Cambodia to develop a new CV on TIP reached in

collaboration with IOM. Technical Working Group (TWG) meeting weekly to build the curriculum.

• 239 victims of trafficking and abused migrants supported with legal aid.

• 61 victims helped through investigation and/or rescue intervention.

• 4 TIP assisted cases reach conviction.

The table below shows Y1 progress against CTIP targets:

Prevention IR 1: Enhanced National & Local Strategies to Prevent TIP

Target

Achieved

Remarks

1.1: # of partners (private sector partners, NGOs, IOs) providing material, in-kind, technical and financial support towards TIP prevention

20 9 Partially reached, but many agreements under development. Reached: PACT, Plan and Cambodia ACT (joint research on internal migration and low skill labor), AYLA (volunteers to support awareness activities in universities), World Renew (support in training local authorities and key informants on safe migration), CBCLO (capacity building program for NGO partners), UNACT (joint plan for ID implementation and mid-term review of NPA), iCare (support to promote the job seeking platform) and IOM (joint agreement with IJM to develop CV for Police Academy).

1.2: # private sector partners establishing monitoring or updating existing systems to combat TIP

15 - Winrock has not reached its target, but work is under progress. The work on construction sites did not succeed. On the other side, the job seeking platform seems a potential tool to improve working conditions and OI is discussing how to improve accessibility to the transparency database of ILO’s Better Factories Program.



1.3: # assisted provincial committees accessing and spending allocated government budget for TIP

2 6 6 PCCTs accessed and spent their budget.

1.4: Country rating on capacity of the host government to provide protection to TIP victims (TIP Tier ranking) (F1.5.3-15 standard USAID

Tier 2 Tier 2 The result was based on a report released by U.S Department of State.

Prevention Sub-IR 1.1: Improved Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors on Safe Migration

1.1.1: % knowledge change in target population, who are exposed to BCC campaigns, on protective behaviors to prevent TIP

baseline Final draft The baseline survey has been submitted, but a final revision is still under process due to some delays by the consultant.

1.1.2: % behavioral change to prevent TIP in the migration process in target population who are exposed to BCC campaigns


1.1.3: # of public awareness tools on TIP developed and disseminated

5,000 20,860 The number is higher than expected to cover the deportees in Poipet. But the project has identified cost effective tools and is using many tools already existing in agreement with other organizations.

1.1.4: % of potential trafficked victims among migrant deportees from Thailand

baseline 2.34% (418) among 17,882.00

For the data from May-Sept 2016, the total number of deportees are 17,882 and 2.34% of them were identified as potential victims of human trafficking.

Prevention Sub-IR 1.2: Improved Ability of at-risk Populations to address Economic root causes of TIP

1.2.1: % participating households at risk of TIP with improved livelihoods


1.2.2: # of vulnerable people to TIP (including abused migrants) receiving assistance

5,250 20,810 (8,240 females)

The numbers of vulnerable people to TIP receiving assistance is higher than expected because this figure includes 17,441 deportees through MAC that are considered as vulnerable people.

1.2.3: # of communes with reduced vulnerability to TIP


Prevention Sub-IR 1.3: Strengthened national and sub-national strategies to prevent TIP

1.3.1: # of assisted communes allocating and accessing funds for TIP prevention activities

0 0 Started to engage local authorities in this process. No target for year 1.

Protection IR 2: Strengthened Survivor Protection and Services for all Forms of TIP



2.1: % of assisted victims of TIP accessing multiple services

50% 74% (598/805)

The target has been reached, even though the indicator fails to show satisfaction with the service, rather it shows that NGOs offer more than one service, which was not the objective of this indicator. Winrock proposes to delete this indicator and identify a better one to measure satisfaction with services offered.

2.2: # of TIP victims referred to services for reintegration by commune councils’ trained members

- 3 3 VoTs referred by trained commune councilors.

Protection Sub-IR 2.1: Improved victim identification and support

2.1.1: # of victims of TIP identified and provided with code through established National Identification System for TIP victims

0 In progress 387 victims were identified using the new developed guidelines, but not yet provided with any code by the National Identification System. The project is working with the NCCT to develop the coding system and will pilot it in the Migrant Assistance Center (MAC) next year.

2.1.2: # of TIP victims assisted by USG programs (F 1.5.3-18 standard USAID)

250 805 Project assisted more than expected, but most assisted victims sought repatriation support and legal aid.

Indicator 2.1.3: % of assisted TIP victims reporting improved livelihoods

N/A Due to the reporting requirement, any assessment on livelihoods of TIP victims has to be done at least 6 months after TIP victims have received assistance from the project. As assistance for victims began in April 2016, reporting of this indicator remains inapplicable for year 1. This indicator will be reported in Q4 of Year 2.

Indicator 2.1.4: Percent of TIP victims who are served in programs created, run, and/or assisted by USG funding (Indicator 1.5.3-20 standard USAID)

N/A To be reported when the annual report for 2016 is released by NCCT (February 2017).

Protection Sub-IR 2.2: Strengthened protection support networks

2.2.1: # of host nation service providers who received USG-funded TIP protection training (1.5.3-22 standard USAID)

500 418 (84%) There was a delay in starting activities in selected communes because of the planning of the impact evaluation subcontracted by USAID, so the target was not fully achieved, but it is under progress.

2.2.2: % of service providers showing an increase of knowledge in technical TIP related issues with USG assistance

80% 88% (220/ 250)

Protection Sub-IR 2.3: Improved cross-border and regional responses to TIP



III. PERFORMANCE OF OBJECTIVES

Objective A: Local organizations achieving threshold criteria to qualify for USAID Transition Awards Below the list of sub-contracts and sub-agreements signed in year 1:

Sub-contractor/Sub-grantee Scope of work Duration Amount CCPCR Under the prevention program, CCPCR is implementing April 1-Dec 31, 2016

2.3.1 # of national or regional anti-TIP policies strengthened by USG interventions

0 1 ID Guidelines on Implementation of Guidelines on Forms and Procedures for the Identification of Victims of Human Trafficking for Appropriate Service Provision endorsed and signed by DPM on 28 December 2015. MoU with Chinese Government Bilateral meeting between Cambodian and Chinese Governments were organized on 23-27 August 2016 in Siem Reap and MoU will be signed in October 2016.

Prosecution IR 3 Increased Likelihood of Successful prosecutions of TIP

3.1: % increase in convictions under TIP law filed in 4 target provinces

baseline It is difficult to gather National Conviction Data. The Ministry of Justice does not have a clear method to track data and numbers for labor trafficking cases in Cambodia and is inable to keep clear records of conviction data for the First Instance Courts, which makes it challenging to measure changes in convictions in the nine CTIP provinces in 2015, 2016 and 2017.

IJM will explore ways to tackle this problem laterally (e.g. obtaining data from prisons) and continue advocating with the Ministry of Justice. Efforts to develop an MOU with the MOJ are underway, which will include reference to data sharing.

3.2: % of recommendations from justice system performance review implemented

analysis In progress Data is being gathered effectively, through the use of primary data collection tools (based on IJM staff observations) and desk research. Analysis to be finalized in November 2016. Delay due to late signing of contract with IJM.

Prosecution Sub-IR 3.1: Increased access to legal services

3.1.1: # of assisted TIP cases resulting in conviction and/or compensation with USG support

40 4 4 TIP cases under CTIP assistance at court in year 1 reached conviction and in most cases victims recieved compensation. The court process is very slow and often cases do not reach the final stage. The target set was probably overoptimistic, but the project will continue to advocate to improve justice response.

Prosecution Sub-IR 3.2: Increased Capacity of Criminal Justice Actors to Prosecute TIP

3.2.1: # of host nation criminal justice personnel who received USG-funded anti-TIP training during the life of a Project-Police training

100 In progress Training set in November 2016.

3.2.2: # of establishments using labor trafficking in business practices closed

0 N/A No target for Y1.



(Prevention and Protection)

activities to increase income generation opportunities and livelihoods of at risk people and TIP victims and their families. Under the protection program, CCPCR will strengthen coordination for survivor protection with relevant stakeholders to identify and address the needs of survivors and provide multiple services.

202,302.00

Samaritan's Purse (Prevention and Protection)

Under the prevention program, Samaritan’s Purse is implementing activities to increase income generation opportunities and livelihoods of at risk people. Under the protection program, Samaritan’s Purse will work to assist all deportees through the MAC centre in Poipet by identifying victims of trafficking, assisting victims to access medical aid, referring to appropriate services and following up with victims.

May 1, 2016-Jan 31, 2017

149,047.19

CEDAC (Prevention)

CEDAC is implementing activities to increase income generation opportunities and livelihoods of at risk people.

April 1-Dec 31, 2016 89,958.00

Sovann Phoum (Prevention)

Sovann Phoum is implementing activities to increase income generation opportunities and livelihoods of at risk people.

April 1-Dec 31, 2016 70,004.48

Open Institute (Prevention)

Open Institute is developing a job seeking platform for low and unskilled workers.

Dec 1, 2015 - Sept 31, 2016

138,074.00

ADHOC (Prosecution)

ADHOC provides legal aid and repatriation support to TIP victims and abused migrants.

April 1, 2016 – March 31, 2017

96,722.65

LSCW (Prosecution)

LSCW will employ strategies to address the issue of labor exploitation, forced labor and slavery-like practices in the supply chain, especially in the fishing and construction industries through its advocacy strategy and legal aid provision to improve the living and working conditions of construction workers, fishermen and other persons trafficked both within Cambodia and cross border.

June 1, 2016 - May 31, 2017

70,000.00

IJM (Prosecution)

Support meaningful prosecutions of human traffickers to achieve justice for TIP survivors and reduce impunity for offenders. The two main objectives under CTIP are to increase access to legal services and to institutionalize CTIP police training into national curriculum.

Jan 1 – 31 Dec 2016 490,873.00

Partner organizations were selected through competitive process and each grant was discussed with implementer to better fulfill project’s needs and to achieve the set targets. The process was completed as planned, but activities under prevention started only in March for the request of USAID to delay the implementation to first agree on the plan for the impact evaluation commissioned by USAID on the project. There were delays in finalizing the agreement with LSCW related to the activity on monitoring labor abuses in the construction sites in Phnom Penh, since it was difficult to identify realistic targets for 4 months of implementation in a very challenging sector and as a matter of fact, the project is still underachieving under this sector (below a more in depth analysis of the problem and on future plans to improve performances). OI has revised its plan, since it did not allocate enough budget for the research and for the campaign for disseminating the service in the original proposal. The revised contract is 30% higher than the original. Winrock has discussed the difficulties to allocate additional funds and together looked for



external support. It was eventually agreed that IOM, in case the platform performs well in year 2, will fund its extension to Thailand in year 3, thus providing additional funds and regional support. IJM has encountered some difficulties in implementing planned activities with MOJ and it was agreed to revise its budget and allocate more funds to aftercare activities. Nevertheless, IJM will continue to advocate for more support and commitment from MOJ ADHOC’s staff have been under high pressure regarding legal case against the organization that are politically motivated. As a result, there are delays in implementing activities and concerns about future problems for the organization to continue to work, especially as general elections approach. Nevertheless, the NGO was still able to provide support for repatriation and legal assistance and almost reached the set targets. Winrock will continue to monitor carefully its performance and possible needed support to implement its activities. The partnership with Samaritan’s Purse has encountered some challenges; the NGO has little flexibility in revising its plan and activities to fit the project strategy and has complained on the difficulties to comply with the project’s requirements. Moreover, despite being informed since signing of the contract about USAID’s policies not allowing any religious activities at the same place and time of USG funded activities, monitoring visits have observed praying time at the end of community meetings funded by the project and counseling on religion to victims during travel back to their communities. Winrock has informed Samaritan’s Puse and since then the NGO has stopped any religious activity aside the project’s activities. Winrock has also raised the issue to USAID. Despite the challenges, the overall performance was good, targets achieved, the work at the center in Poipet has provided support to 17,859 deportees in year 1 and the pilot program to identify TIP victims in collaboration with the NCCT is underway. In December, Winrock will conduct an assessment on all partners to decide whether or not to extend the partnership further. Capacity Building: To provide capacity building, Winrock has developed a partnership with Prosperity and Stability through Private Enterprise (IESC) that provides training under the USAID project: Capacity Building of Cambodia’s Local Organizations (CBCLO).

Winrock first conducted a need assessment and identified with IESC the needed support under:

A. Financial Management B. Human Resources, Administrative and Procurement Systems C. USAID’s Rules and Regulations D. Policy Development E. Organizational Management

Winrock also identified additional needs related to program implementation and prepared a training program, customized to the different needs and gaps. As a result, in year 1, the trainings below were provided to partner organizations:

Training contents To whom By whom When Program Orientation: The objective of this orientation was to provide overview of work plan indicators as well as discussing restricted items.

ALL SUB-Grantees

DCOP and program Team

After signing sub-award

Financial Orientation: The objective of the orientation was to enable implementing partners to understand and use the financial forms and templates,

ALL SUB-Grantees

WI, Finance Manager and Grant Manager

28 April 2016



cost principles and restricted items. Communication Orientation: The objective of the communication orientation was to enable partners to understand USAID branding and how to write good success stories.

ALL SUB-Grantees

WI, Knowledge, Learning & Communications Manager

7 June 2016

M&E Training: The objective of the orientation was to enable implementing partners to understand about CTIP indicators and how to use data collection tools as well quarterly reporting format. For detail, see the training report.

ALL SUB-Grantees

M&E Specialist 21 June 2016

USAID Rules and Regulations Training: The objective of this training was to provide knowledge to all partners to understanding USAID rules and regulations so that they spend money in accordance with these rules.

ALL SUB-Grantees

CBCLO with Coordination by Winrock Grant Manager

14-15 July 2016

TIP Orientation: The objective of the TIP orientation was to provide knowledge on trafficking-in-persons and how to identify human trafficking and labor abuses or exploitation.

CEDAC, SOVANN PHOUM, CCPCR

WI, Advocacy Policy Advisor

30 August 2016

E-Payment and Part One of Financial Management Training: Report has not been made since this orientation is included in work plan negotiation/adjustment as well as contract overview.

ALL SUB-Grantees

CBCLO with Coordination by Winrock Grant Manager

17-18 Oct 2016

Monitoring and Evaluation

The project has developed the following tools for its M&E system:

Project Database was developed and tested. But after some feedback on problems due to its speed for uploading data, Winrock hired a new consultant, who will provide support in year 2 to improve the system.

Baseline Survey: A consulting firm was selected to carry out a number of baseline surveys including KAP survey, commune vulnerability index survey and livelihoods of at-risk households survey. The livelihood survey was integrated into KAP survey aiming to save time and costs. In terms of the study design, the KAP survey targets 3 groups of populations including potential migrants, existing migrants and returned migrants. Potential migrants were asked about their knowledge related to safe migration, while current migrants were interviewed to reveal their behavior towards safe migration, and returned migrants were surveyed to find out their attitude and migration experience. Child care issues were also integrated into the KAP survey, following a suggestion from USAID.

For the commune vulnerability survey, the study focused on the 3 components: push and pull factors of risky migration and TIP, sensitivity and interventions. The variables were rated ranging from 1 to 4. Scores for all components were summed to produce a composite Trafficking Vulnerability Index. Up to now the final draft reports of KAP and Vulnerability Index baseline surveys have been developed and submitted and the findings have been already used to design and revise several activities in year 1, but due to some problems in the final editing of the reports, the reports have not been published yet, but the process is almost completed.

Revised plan for M&E: Following USAID’s plan for an external impact evaluation with its baseline planned for early year 2, Winrock decided to revise its M&E plan not to duplicate the study and waste resources, since some of the indicators measured are the same and also to avoid to conducting research work in the same communes and same respondents not to interfere with the planned impact evaluation. Therefore, Winrock will conduct the evaluation on commune



vulnerability index only on the 50 communes that are not part of the IE study and only in year 1 and 4, since the main purpose of the midline study was to assess the additional communes that will now be assessed through the baseline of the IE commissioned by USAID. Nevertheless, ongoing monitoring and assessment of results will continue to provide inputs to readjust project strategy.

USAID’s Impact Evaluation: Winrock has been working closely with USAID and NORC, the organization selected by USAID to perform an external Impact Evaluation on the project, to provide coordination and technical inputs to NORC’s team. Based on the study design, the scope of the evaluation would cover assessments of (i) soft skills training and employment platform (treatment 1), (ii) livelihood activities (treatment 2) and (iii) control group. In total 75 communes have been selected so far for the evaluation including 25 communes for treatment 1, another 25 communes for treatment 2, and the other 25 communes for the control group.

Winrock has been requested to bring some changes to its strategy and plan and Winrock has accommodated all the changes trying to minimize the impact on the project, yet some changes may have some consequences and the table below aim to keep USAID informed on those changes and possible consequences.

Originally Planned Changed to fulfil request from NORC

Consequences

Start implementation of prevention activities in communes in January

Started in March Some delays, nevertheless the project met the expected targets under prevention.

Launch of the job seeking platform at the end of Y1.

Postponed to October 2016 Underachievement in Y1

Implement holistic approach in 100 communes providing: information on jobs, information on cross-border migration and alternative livelihoods. Tailored on the needs of each commune.

Holistic approach implemented only in 50 communes (outside the IE). In the new 25 communes, instead of the holistic approach, Winrock will implement only livelihood support and in 25, only training on soft skills and informing people on the job seeking platform.

The IE will measure the impact on communes where only some selected activities are implemented, but the project strategy was to provide multiple types of support as the appropriate answer to address vulnerability to TIP, unless the different needs are addressed, it is less likely to see any impact, especially in a few years. With the change requested, the number of communes for the multiple approach has reduced from 100 to 50 and these 50 will not be included in the IE. In 25, following the request from the IE, only livelihood support will be provided and in 25 only information on job opportunities and life skill training.

Selection of communes:

100 communes selected by Winrock according to its criteria, based on past research and up to 3 villages for each commune selected. At risk people selected according to the agreed criteria and process.

After the initial selection of 75 communes, Winrock has been asked only to continue in the 50 where implementation has already started. 50 communes for treatment 1 and 2 were selected by NORC and four villages for each commune selected randomly

Winrock had already conducted the baseline in the 75 communes initially selected, but 15 communes were not included anymore by NORC’s team, thus it was a waste of resources for Winrock. NORC has selected randomly communes for treatment 1 and 2, but some partner NGOs were planning to work in the same provinces and now will have to move to new provinces with additional costs and discontent for the change of plan. NORC has also selected 4 villages, at random, for each commune, but Winrock’s plan was to select up to 3 and geographic proximity was also taken



into consideration, since, for some activities, it is necessary to involve vulnerable people from more than one village and it is difficult if they are not one next to the other. It is now going to be difficult to implement some activities and costs will be higher and this random selection may have impact on the objective of decreasing the vulnerability of the commune. For example, if the villages chosen are not the most vulnerable, there may be not a high impact on the commune and if in those villages, there are not many people fulfilling our selection criteria, it may be difficult to implement some activities.

Selection of at risk people has been done during the initial baseline and after starting implementation, Winrock has further revised the process to address some problems encountered during implementation and added some criteria to better identify the most vulnerable and to agree on the process

NORC has agreed that for treatment 1 (jobs and life skill training), people will be chosen randomly and for treatment 2 (livelihood) the only criteria is the government’s list for ID poor 1 and 2

Winrock will have to include all people selected by NORC in its program. That may be sometimes challenging, since there may be people not interested in the services offered and people. The main concern is for the job seeking platform that is mainly targeting the relatives already employed who can search jobs for people who are unemployed. By targeting people not employed at villages, the system may not work, but Winrock will try and test it.

One major concern of Winrock is about contamination, since the IE wants to measure and compare the impact of treatment 1 and 2, but the campaign for the job seeking platform is nationwide, through TV and radio and there are high chances that also communes under treatment 2 will be reached by the campaign. Also, the training on soft skills is a priority from MoEYS and NEA, and Winrock will support building their capacities in this area and they may disseminate the training further through their sub-national offices.

Another concern is an ethical issue: Winrock works with people at high risk of human trafficking and information on job opportunities may save their lives, so it an ethical problem not to provide people this information, if we can easily do so.

Overall, Winrock has agreed to several changes to accommodate the evaluation, but those may have an impact on the results of the project. Winrock will perform its own evaluation on the 50 communes that are implementing the original project’s strategy.

The IE design has an interesting experimental approach, but with that design it may be challenging to see an impact after only three years’ implementation and on such complex issues like TIP and migration that involve many sectors, stakeholders and variables.

Winrock will continue to provide support and communicate any deviation from the agreed workplan.

PREVENTION IR 1: Enhanced national & local strategies to prevent TIP

Targets: Achieved Comments At least 20 private sector partners providing material, in-kind, technical, and financial support towards TIP prevention

50 (in the job seeking platform)

50 employers agreed to advertise in the job seeking platform, but did not provide financial or in-kind contribution to the project. Many agreements are in process, but not signed yet.

1 foreign brand signing agreement 1 iCare agreed to sponsor the job seeking platform. Microsoft training established in PSE and in 1 MRC for at-risk people

On going PSE has initiated collaboration with Microsoft on e-literacy. Winrock has instead developed another idea to use Microsoft software for supporting ID guidelines identification. The plan is under development.

5 NGOs/GOs signing MoU for coordinating and supporting project goals through their activities

9 institutions o Pact, Plan and Cambodia ACT (joint research on internal migration on low skill labor);



o AYLA (volunteers for awareness activities at universities); o World Renew (support in training local authorities and

key informants on safe migration); o CBCLO (capacity building program for NGO partners); o UNACT (joint plan for ID implementation); o IOM (joint agreement with IJM to develop CV for Police

Academy).

10 Employers establishing monitoring system/and trained on labor law compliance

0 LSCW has targeted the construction sector, but the systems have not been established. LSCW has started an assessment, but workers were not even allowed to be interviewed so there no hope of them getting legal advice and/or support.

Private Sector Engagement Winrock has approached several companies, but as expected, the process to engage the private sector has taken long time and only when the project has started to show concrete results, companies have started to show some interest. The job seeking platform has resulted as a good tool to engage private sector and a microloans company, iCare, has already agreed to sponsor it and others have shown their interest to do as well: SMART and EZECOM. 50 employers have agreed to test the system to find workers and OI is in the process to finalize an agreement with GMAC to inform all its members on the job seeking platform. Meanwhile, Winrock has approached some companies to seek support in providing help to victims of trafficking, the Thai company CP, Air Asia and Coca Cola have shown interest to provide items free of cost and to support some events, but at the time of writing this report only CP is in the process of signing the agreement. The Chaktamouk Short Film Festival, partially supported by CTIP, resulted in an effective way to bring nationwide attention on the issue of human trafficking and migration at a low cost, and the short films submitted by Cambodian youth will become tools for the project’s BCC. The film festival is supported by several companies such as Sony, Sabay and Cellcard, and the event has helped in starting to connect the project to these companies, hopefully leading to further support in next years. The NGO PSE has initiated collaboration with Microsoft on e-literacy for their training centre for vulnerable youth. Winrock has instead developed another idea to use Microsoft software for supporting ID guidelines identification. The plan is under development. Local Employers Local Employers are mainly providing internships to TIP survivors and people at risk that may lead to employment or only to acquiring new skills. At local level, it is more cost effective to train people through internships, rather than to send them to training centers that are often far away and at higher costs. Local employers agree to accept trainees, but the project has to support living expenses during the training time. In year 1, CTIP partners have identified local employers, checked quality of the training they can provide, costs and working conditions. Employers prefer not to sign any agreement, but when NGOs identify interested candidates, they will agree on each singular case. Monitoring the Supply Chain Winrock has first selected the construction sector as a target for improving compliance, but it has been extremely challenging to work in this sector and the project could not achieve the set targets.



LSCW has started an assessment, but the process is taking longer than expected and access to construction sites is very limited and controlled. On the other side, the job seeking platform increases access to information, transparency and job offers, and seems to have good potential be a tool to improve wages and labor conditions, since workers will select employers offering higher wages and better benefits and later on the system may also provide the option to give feedback on employers. Thus the system, if successful, may generate positive competition, improving labor conditions. Winrock is studying with OI the best way to use the system as a tool for improving labor conditions and how to monitor that. Winrock has also studied ongoing projects working on improving monitoring systems in high risk sectors, in particularly the one implemented by ACTED in the hospitality sector, the one by CARE in the entertainment sector (KTVs and Beer gardens) and the work of CENTRAL in the garment sector. After several meetings and visits to the projects of the NGOs, it was observed that the project run by ACTED is interesting for the certification by Ministry of Labor, but it reaches only a small number of establishments in Phnom Penh and there is a problem of sustainability, nevertheless the training has showed to have some impact on changing attitudes of employers and improving compliance with labor. CARE works in the entertainment sector (KTV and Beer Gardens) through peer promoters with involvement of employers. Their target is female workers and it has a good national coverage. It seems to be working well in providing support to exploited workers, but not in changing labor conditions and attitudes of employers, but an impact evaluation is under process and Winrock is waiting to read the results of the study. CENTRAL trains garment workers on investigative journalism and buys them smart phones to take photos and videos to inform media about abuses. They reached some interesting results, but with high risks for the workers (some have been arrested). CENTRAL has also just conducted an assessment of the supply chain of H&M and is planning to conduct a similar one for the U.S. brand GAP. For year 2, Winrock has planned: - To revise the agreement with LSCW to increase effectiveness of its work in the construction sector; - To explore possibilities of signing a new agreement to work jointly either with CARE or with ACTED; - To discuss with CENTRAL further on their assessment on the supply chain of H&M and explore possible collaborations in year 2. Prevention Sub-IR 1.1: Improved Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors on Safe Migration The strategy of the project is to work through a nationwide campaign on informing people on safe migration, job opportunities and risks of human trafficking and a prevention campaign at sub-national level aiming at building capacities of local authorities to provide information on migration and refer people in need to service providers. The main steps for year 1 were:

• Design of BCC; • Baseline on KAP on cross border migration and research on internal migration; • Design of job seeking system for internal low skill migrants; • Review of BCC;



• Involvement of Student Youth Association (AYLA) to support the campaign; • Agreement with national Film Festival to raise awareness on TIP and migration; • Building capacities of service providers; • Dissemination of messages through: community meetings, radio talksShow, photo exhibition

and TV awareness-raising comedy show; • Assessment on gender and social discrimination to integrate more messages to address

discrimination in year 2.

Below the main achievements against the set targets for year 1: Target for year 1 Achieved Comments Baseline on KAP Final draft report There have been delays in producing a final report. But

the main findings were ready in June and have supported the revision of the BCC.

BCC designed Strategies designed and implemented

CTIP implemented Behavioral Change Campaign.

IEC: Producing and circulating IEC and branding materials, media (Mass, Social Media, and Offline Media), and Social Mobilization.

2 video spots for preventing risky behaviors

9 short film To be more cost effective and impactful, Cambodian youth, including TIP survivors were mobilized by the Kon Khmer Koun Khmer-organized film festival to produce short films related migration and trafficking themes.

1 Mobile App Plan changed The project changed strategy and is in the process to develop instead a Facebook App for the job seeking platform. Now under process.

Training contents designed done The main contents of the training kit for key informants are: - Trafficking in Persons (TIP) definition and TIP Identification; - Group discussion on case studies; - International marriage procedure; - Safe Migration; - Risks and Tips to be safe; - Situation of Migration in Cambodia and registration process in Thailand.

100 secondary schools teachers trained and teaching tools developed

Plan changed Since MoEYS already has a module on TIP and migration, Winrock has agreed with MoEYS to provide support to train teachers on this content. The signing of MoU is under process and the activity will be shifted to Y2.

100 peer informants trained on TIP and related issues

115 peers trained 3 trainings conducted for 32 youths from AYLA and 4K, 60 youths from COMMIT and 32 participants from World Renew NGO.

10 Peace Corps volunteers trained and equipped with IEC

59

20 university students mobilized

20 University students from AYLA 5 from 4K

They are members of AYLA. The youth were involved in the radio talk show facilitation, volunteering to support/coordinate/facilitate during workshops/trainings.

1 mobile photo exhibition on the lives of Cambodian women in China

Done A mobile photo exhibition on the life of a Cambodian woman in China was rolled out in three provinces (PNP, KCM and SRP) and lasted for 21 days.

2 Comedian shows on safe migration aired

Done 2 awareness-raising comedy shows focused on broker tricks and the consequences of TIP.



Moreover, research on internal migration was conducted and the job seeking platform was designed. The launch was planned for year 1, but it was postponed for allowing NORC to conduct baseline study for the Impact Evaluation, before the launching (The system has been launched in October 2016). An assessment on social and gender discrimination was also conducted in year 1 and it provided recommendations for the BCC to better reach discriminated groups as well as to address discrimination in the BCC as a cause of TIP and risk migration. KAP baseline survey: The baseline KAP household study report aimed to:

• Measure the knowledge, attitude and behavior of the target populations on safe migration.

• Provide baseline indicator for measuring:

i. Percentage of participating households at risk of TIP with improved livelihoods.

ii. Percentage of knowledge change in the target population that are exposed to BCC campaigns on protective behaviors to prevent TIP, and

iii. Percentage of behavioral change to prevent TIP in the migration process in the target population who are exposed to BCC campaigns.

• Gather information to develop effective messages and IEC materials to increase awareness and improve the behavior of target populations.

The 3 key respondents were potential migrants, current migrants and returned migrants. The key findings for the survey are listed below:

Potential migrants- ATTITUDE and KNOWLEDGE:

• 63.5% of potential migrants reported that they would prefer to migrate through a recruitment agency, while 24.2% reported that they would migrate through assistance from their family members/friends/relatives.

• 45.4% of potential migrant household members reported that they would consult with other people who have experience migrating to the intended location.

• Only 17.4% reported that they would ask the village chief for consultation before they decide to move to other

100 times videos aired on CTN

In progress The agreement has been reached with MyTV but there is a need an approval from NCCT on the short videos before they are broadcasted.

12 December campaign supported

Done World Day Against Trafficking in Persons (30 July): Campaign posters and comedy show on Cambodia Television Network (CTN). 12 December: Phnom Penh, Kampong Cham, Prey Veng, Svay Rieng, Siem Reap, Uddo Meanchey, and Banteay Meanchey.

5 radio talk shows organized 8 shows With the technical support from Winrock International, ASEAN Youth Leaders’ Association Cambodia (AYLA Cambodia) mobilized 14 youth volunteers to produce 8 radio talk shows on a community radio talk show program called “Voice of Cambodia Countering Trafficking-in-Persons program”. The program was aired live on radio station VAYO FM105.5 every Friday from 2 to 3pm.



countries. Very few would consult NGOs.

• Only 9.5% of potential migrant workers said they would leave a phone number as the means of communication for other migrant/local authority/family before they make the final decision to migrate to work in other countries outside of Cambodia.

• Most could identify a safe and effective channel for sending remittances after they migrate outside Cambodia, and of those, 62.5% reported that they would use WING and 31.3% would use banks to send money home. The rest mentioned that they would send money back home through their friends, relatives, middlemen/brokers, recruitment agencies and money exchanges.

• About half had attended awareness sessions on safe migration, and many heard messages about this through mass media (TV, radio, etc.).

• About half 50.6% of potential migrants reported that if they encountered problems in a destination country they would contact their friends, family or relatives, 28.6% would contact local authorities, 16.9% would contact labor associations, 15.1% would contact police and embassy/council, 8.3% would contact an NGO or government organizations.

Current migrants - BEHAVIOUR:

• Most of the current migrant sample (94.9%) had consulted with their friends or family members before they migrated.

• Regarding documents for migration 64.6% of migrants reported that they used ID cards, 19.5% passports, 14.9% border passes, and 12.8% work permits, whereas, 18.0% of migrant reported that they had no document for migration.

• All of those interviewed (100%) handed over their ID card or passport to the broker or employer.

• 90% of the current migrant population answered that they received the job/work as promised by brokers, employers and agencies.

• 33.9% of the current migrant population paid money to a broker to help them migrate outside Cambodia for job placement. 5.6% paid to recruitment agencies. The costs for migration were reported to vary around an average of 200 USD, depending on province. 72.3% of the current migrant population paid less than UD$200 for migration while the others had to pay more than UD$200.

• 51.8% of those who are current migrants reported that their family has more income than before they migrated to work outside Cambodia.

• 58.5% of the migrant sample that transferred money to their home did so on a monthly basis, 10.8% yearly, 7.2% daily and 4.6% weekly; however, 19% never transferred money home

• Nearly all (95.4%) of the current migrant sample communicated with their families through mobile phone.

• 27.7% of current migrants who reported that they experienced abuse or had problems, while 72.3% reported that they did not have any problems. Among those who experienced abuse or problems, over half (55.6%) reported having to work without pay or being paid less than expected, 26% reported being arrested by police at the destination country, 22% of migrants were forced to work excessive hours and 18.5% had deduction from wages, money that was stolen, being beaten, and being forced to do something they don’t want to do.

Returned Migrants (who had returned home for at least one year- not willing to migrate again)

• In total, there were 387 returned migrants joining the study and most had migrated to Thailand (93.0%) or Malaysia (6.2%) and the remaining few migrated to some countries in Middle East (Saudi Arabia) and other countries.

• Regarding their situation at the time of interview, returned migrants worked in their hometown in work similar to jobs before migrating: 52.2% were working in agriculture, and 20.4% working as local labor workers, 8.5% conducted their own business as vendors, while the other 12.4% were jobless.

• 90% of returned migrants consulted someone before they migrated to work abroad, while 10% of them did not.



Almost all had informal consultations with family members or friends before they made the final decision for migrating; only 11.9% consulted with other migrants, 8.7% with middle men or brokers, and 3.2% with local authorities and almost none (0.6%) consulted with a recruitment agency.

• In addition, 47.6% migrated using services from middle men/brokers, 33.9% through their friends/family members/relatives, 10.1% through recruitment agencies and 8.5% reported that they migrated by themselves.

• Regarding economic benefits, 38.2% of returned migrants reported that their family increased their capital (money) compared to before migration-- 65.6% of returned migrants reported they have less money when they came back home.

Internal Migration: CTIP’s partner, Open Institute, has completed, published, and presented on September 15th a research report that describes and quantifies the channels of internal migration in Cambodia for unskilled citizens to professions in the sectors of garment manufacturing, construction and hospitality. It also describes the factors that make a job desirable in these four sectors. The aim was to gather key information to develop the most relevant and effective system for low skilled workers to access information on job opportunities in Cambodia.

The findings of this study make clear that it is important for both workers and industry to improve the flow of information between employers and potential employees, and that achieving this requires greater use of the trusted channels and relationships that lead to effective employment. At the same time, the new technological reality must be considered; employers have full access to information technology and are open to using it to find new workers, half of existing workers have direct personal access to it, and migrant workers are mostly able to access phones and are strong consumers of TV and radio. A window of opportunity exists for employment services that use technology to help increase internal migration by improving the flow of information between employers and potential workers. These services will only succeed if they are able to adapt to the level of technology used by each stakeholder, and to make use of the existing trust relationships that facilitate effective employment.

The title of the report is “Internal Migration Patterns and Practices of Low-Skilled and Unskilled workers in Cambodia (2016)”, and it is publicly available at: http://www.open.org.kh/research/Internal_migration_Sep_2016.pdf

Social discrimination: In year 1, Winrock started to address the issue of social and gender discrimination as a cause of TIP and employed a consultant to conduct an assessment and provide recommendations how to better integrate this component into the project. The assessment focused with specific groups: Cham community, the ethnic Vietnamese community, LGBTI, sex workers, and children.

The main recommendations of the assessment are listed below:

1) Awareness raising training and reflection on social inequalities and discrimination, for all. 2) Access to CTIP prevention, protection and prosecution services for all socially discriminated groups. 3) Access to consistent, comprehensive aftercare services for all victims, adults and children who enter the CTIP program: Consider adopting basic Assessment, Planning, Review and Closure processes for victims of exploitation and their families which include the same basic characteristics for every organization (but which can be adapted and elaborated differently for the different needs of each organization in their various casework forms). 4) Data collection e.g. of returnees at Poipet & Vietnam borders about ethnicity, accompanying and ‘left behind’ children. (NCCT guidelines, baselines).

http://www.open.org.kh/research/Internal_migration_Sep_2016.pdf



5) Set explicit objectives for increasing gender equality, collect & analyze gender disaggregated data so that CTIP can analyze progress towards gender equality. Lessons can be learned from the proxy indicators used by other similar programs (e.g. SHEinvestments mentioned in part 2 of the Gender section of this report). The Cambodian Demographic Health Survey also asks questions about women’s decision-making power in their families which could be adapted for indicators of gender equality. CTIP managers and staff need to understand ‘gender equality’ in order to be able to do this.

6) Safe Migration: review the information CTIP provides about how to migrate safely and protect oneself from exploitation. For example - • Include ethnic minorities, LGBT, youth: use their stories, networks & advocates. • Make sure that messages do not show disapproval of migration as such. Support the search for work of women as well as men. • Show how women as well as men are at risk of exploitation in construction, factories etc. Warn men as well as women about risks of working as ‘Entertainment Workers.’ • Use accurate information about each group (not stereotypes). Ensure that no group is mocked in a way that reinforces stereotypes. • Provide information to migrating parents about how to protect children that accompany them or stay behind. • Research and provide information that is useful and can be applied. Information should be accurate and tested. It should only be given if it is possible for people to implement the suggestions made and if they can get help to do so. ‘Safe migration’ activities should be about teaching skills to make decisions and take action to migrate more safely rather than as a lecture. Legal information on its own is not enough. Migrants need to know what will actually happen in practice not theory. Results should be closely monitored so that CTIP can learn what is useful and what is not.

The three studies helped the project to revise and refine its BCC and in year two, new messages and activities will try to address recommendations coming from the studies. Below some details of the events organized and outreaching:

PA Activities Objective Outreach Target Audience

TIP and Migration workshops and trainings to opinion leaders (Volunteers of AYLA, Kon Khmer Koun Khmer, Peace Corps, and COMMIT Youths)

Build capacities of key informants

151 opinion leaders (AYLA and 4K: 32 + Peace Corps: 59 + COMMIT Youths: 60)

Students/Key informants

2 Comedy shows on Cambodia Television Network (CTN)

Inform people on risks in migration

CTN is the most watched TV channel in Cambodia, and its comedy show is its second most favorite content following soap operas. The comedy shows are aired on Saturday evening, the time of highest viewership.

Potential victims of TIP

World Against Trafficking in Persons: Social media campaign

Awareness on TIP 2,610 Social media users (133 likes, and 39 shares)

-Wider audience nationwide-event supported by RGC and other stakeholders

Community radio talk shows (8 shows)- Radio VAYO FM105.5

- Legal migration and registration process for illegal workers in Thailand

- Risk of migrating for international marriages

- Youth roles in tackling

30,000 people (The radio reaches people in 15 provinces and the capital city)

Potential victims of TIP



trafficking/migration

- Risks of working on fishing vessels

- Migrant’s issues and complaint mechanisms

- Discrimination against TIP victims

- Education, skills and local job opportunities

Facebook, Twitter, and Blog Inform on project activities 73,881 (Facebook reaches: 62,961 +Twitter impressions: 10,400 +Blog visitors: 520)

Other NGOs, donors, Cambodia civil society

Photo exhibition in Phnom Penh, Siem Reap and Kampong Cham

Story of a Cambodian bride who migrated to China for marriage

1150 (PP: 423 + K.Ch: 455 + S.R: 275) Students and communities in Siem reap, Phnom Penh and Kampong Cham

Mobile Photo Exhibition entitled “High Expectations; Hard Realities: Nineteen photos accompanied by two and a half minutes of a victim’s audio testimony were shown in the exhibition to visualize the hardships, regrets, and homesickness of a woman who migrated to China for marriage. The exhibition was held to inform Cambodian people to be cautious when making the decision to travel to China for marriage. The mobile photo exhibition was open for 15 days in Phnom Penh at the Royal University of Law and Economics (RULE), Kampong Cham in a local pagoda (Chamkar Lue District, from where the victim originated and where there are many women migrating every year to China for marriage) and Siem Reap at Build Bright University. 560 people, including students and community people, attended the launch of the exhibition and 1,500 people were estimated to have visited the exhibitions.

The exhibition was organized by Winrock International, supported by ASEAN Youth Leaders’ Association Cambodia (AYLA Cambodia), and coordinated with a young Chinese documentary photographer and with the involvement of the National Committee for Counter Trafficking in Persons (NCCT) of Ministry of Interior.

Youth volunteers from AYLA Cambodia supported Winrock in organizing the events. The event was presided over by H.E. Chou Bun Eng, Secretary of State and Permanent Vice Chair of the National Committee for Counter Trafficking in Persons (NCCT), Director of Provincial Committee for Counter Trafficking in Persons (PCCT). The monks of the pagoda in Chamkar Lue were very supportive and interested in the issue and requested CTIP to provide further training.

During the exhibition in Chamkar Lue, a woman approached Winrock’s staff to request for help to find the daughter who disappeared one year before after migrating to China. The girl was then reported dead by the broker who helped her to migrate to China. IJM is now investigating the case

Chaktomuk Short Film Festival 2016 (#CSFF2016): Winrock signed an agreement with 4K to support the festival and have the theme for this year’s festival on human trafficking and migration. The aim is to select 9 short films for the project BCC and to award the best contestant with a special prize for the most effective film to raise awareness on risky migration and human trafficking.

So far, the following activities were implemented:



• Media launch event - at least 8 media organizations reported about the event and introduced the new themes of short films related to human trafficking and migration (4 July, in Phnom Penh);

• Outreaching campaign in five provinces: Phnom Penh, Siem Reap, Battambang, Kampot, Preah Sihanouk. Youth volunteers of 4K mobilized provincial film enthusiasts to produce short films relevant the provided themes (7 July to 31 July);

• Presentation of the Film Camp to survivors of human trafficking. As a result, 7 agreed to participate in the film camp with film producers to prepare short films on the theme.

Collaboration with AYLA Cambodia AYLA Cambodia is an acronym of ASEAN Youth Leaders’ Association Cambodia that is one of 11 country chapters in all South East Asia countries of AYLA. A collaborative agreement with AYLA Cambodia came to be affective in April 2016 as this youth group organization mobilized its youth volunteers to support the implementation of a number of activities including “Mobile Photo Exhibition” in three provinces, and “Community Radio Program”. Such activities are part of the Behavioral Change Campaign (BCC) of CTIP program. Winrock supported the members of the organization to build their capacities in working on prevention of TIP and risky migration. Bong Pheak OI, based on the results of its research, developed a system to enable low skill workers to access information on job opportunities in Cambodia: Bong Pheak (“Big brother Pheak”). Bong Pheak is an employment service for Cambodian unskilled and low-skilled workers. While there are many employment services in Cambodia, none of them addresses unskilled or low-skilled workers in the sectors of construction, manufacturing, hospitality or security. This is mostly due to the fact that existing services use only Internet as a medium, and most of these workers do not have direct access to this network. Cambodian companies are not always able to communicate their employment opportunities to prospective workers, often not filling all the available positions. A complete workforce leads to an increase in efficiency and profit. Meanwhile, Cambodian youth searching for their first job are unable to find employment in Cambodia, in spite of work being available. Workers end up emigrating to other countries to find work, with all the risks of trafficking in person that this entails. To reach out to potential workers, the Bong Pheak employment service provides information to their family and friends who are already working, and who have access to Internet. When these find an employment opportunity that they want to communicate to the potential worker back in their village, they only need to click and enter the phone number of the worker. The worker will receive an automatic phone call describing the job, and giving them the opportunity of having the employer call them if they are interested on the job. While receiving funding from a donor in order to start the service, Bong Pheak is expected to become an independent sustainable service after it is able to demonstrate its value to employers and workers. http://bongpheak.com/kh CTIP will test the service in year 2 and if successful, it will expand it to employers in Thailand. IOM has already agreed to support the regional expansion through their regional project starting in April 2017. IEC Material disseminated and/or developed: Type of material contents Designed by #disseminated Buddha card hotlines CTIP II- WIinrock 16,250 Helpline card hotlines CTIP- Winrock 100



Eco-bag hotlines CTIP- Winrock 50 Pre Departure Video Legal migration CTIP II- WIinrock 193 ‘Bride with price tag’ and ‘Where is the horizon’ videos

Bride trafficking CTIP II- WIinrock 213

‘The Giant Ocean Case’ video

Trafficking on fishing vessels

CTIP II- WIinrock 50

Comedy show videos CTIP II- WIinrock 8 T-shirt Anti-trafficking day 300 Leaflets CTIP II-Winrock 2040 Posters CCPCR 330 Flyers and Brochures Job seeking platform OI 1342 Prevention Sub-IR 1.2: Improved Ability of at-risk Populations to address Economic root causes of TIP TARGETS for year 1: Achieved Comments Baseline on livelihood and vulnerability index

Final draft report Some delays in producing a final report

Commune investment plans and commune development plans revised

65 commune meetings on integration of migration and TIP related-issues into commune investment programs (CIP) conducted with 1,182 people including 429 females.

It is in the process of CIP integration at district level.

9 District workshops to mobilize funds Plan changed We changed our plan to conduct at commune level. After CIP approved, CTIP partners will support commune councils to organize workshops commune level to mobilize fund to support TIP activities as plan in the CIP.

- 5250 at-risk individuals (60%female, 40%male) received training to address vulnerabilities to TIP

20,741 ARPs (8,240females)

This figure includes 17,441 deportees through MAC.

self-help groups, farmer associations, cow banks, rice banks formed and functioned.

158 saving groups 2 agriculture cooperatives 16 vegetables/fruit producer groups formed 5 existing farmer associations strengthened 15 demonstration farms established by the active farmer promoters.

Cow banks and rice banks have not been formed yet because the restricted items are not approved.

- 1000 at-risk individuals (60%female, 40%male) join associations/banks/saving groups/etc.

2,264 ARPs (1,704 females) The figure is from: 158 saving groups; 2 agriculture cooperatives; 16 vegetables/fruit producer groups; and 5 existing farmer associations



Livelihood support for at risk people to address root causes

CTIP continue to work in the seven CTIP II provinces selected in 2012 based on TIP prevalence: Phnom Penh, Svay Rieng, Prey Veng, Kompong Cham, Siem Reap, Banteay Meanchey, and Koh Kong. CTIP also included two new areas: Kompong Thom and Otdar Meanchey. These 9 provinces have key risk factors – international borders, high rates of cross-border TIP, high numbers of survivors, and susceptibility to climate change. To address root causes of TIP, CTIP works with its implementing partners to identify types of approaches and find any possible ways to support victims and people vulnerable to TIP – offering diversified, climate-resilient livelihood pathways that reduce dependence on seasonal agriculture, and educating vulnerable individuals on safe migration and how to prevent themselves from TIP. Furthermore, CTIP builds local capacity to respond to TIP through the integration of TIP into the commune development plans/commune investment programs. In year I, CTIP implements its activities in 50 communes in the 9 target provinces. CTIP selected its target communes, villages, and at risk people/target beneficiaries based on the following criteria: Selection criteria for communes:

- Communes have key risk factors – international borders, and high rates of cross-border TIP;

- Communes are origins of TIP victims who received support from CTIP II; - Areas of greatest needs as identified in socio-economic profiles in commune-level

database; - Proximity to the existing target communes of CTIP; - Communes have NGOs or other relevant donor-funded programs that capitalizes on

complementary programs and geographic proximity to increase impact and advocacy. Selection criteria for villages:

- # TIP cases; - School attendance; - # domestic violence case.

Selection criteria for at risk households (not all required to be included): - Households listed in ID Poor 1 and 2 in selected communes; - # of debts in the household; - Households reporting cases of domestic violence; - Women-headed household; - More than 3 unemployed family members; - One or more family members are current migrants; - # Children not attending schools.

Brief explanation of main interventions:

Saving Group:

Saving Groups are formed at the village level. The leaders and by-laws of the groups are set up by all members. Groups are comprised of 10-30 people who meet regularly and frequently to save; amounts are based on each member’s ability. Groups provide members of a secure place to save, and the opportunity to borrow. Groups then pool the savings to make loans on which it charges interest rate which turns increase the loan fund. Member’s savings and loans are recorded in individual passbook and central bookkeeping.



Some groups operate in one or two year cycles. At the end of every cycle, the savings and interest earnings are shared out among all members. After each share-out, groups immediately begin another cycles of saving and borrowing.

In general, groups have social fund that serve a variety of emergency and social purposes, according to rules set by the groups. The social fund is kept as a separate fund and contributions are normally the same from each member.

Agriculture Cooperative:

Agriculture Cooperative is designed to empower and promote income generation for the villagers through establishment of credit, capacity building, marketing, supply and product production businesses, and cooperation between members to avoid exploitation of middlemen to poor farmers through upholding the rights and enforcing the bargaining power of cooperatives’ members, and bring self-confidence to all members of the cooperative.

The agriculture cooperatives are recognized by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries through the Provincial Department of Agriculture. After, forming, trainings and coaching will be provided to leaders and members about their roles and responsibilities, bookkeeping, planning and reporting, and cooperative business management, etc.

Farmer Promoter:

One farmer promoter per village is selected to be a focal point for agricultural technique dissemination. After receiving a series of trainings and coaching from the project, the farmer promoter has the task to demonstrate and train the selected at risk people in the village on rice intensification (SRI), ecological chicken raising, organic vegetable and aquaculture, and to assist farmers/at risk people to obtain organic certification, developing farm business plan, farm records, farm accounting, and cooperative marketing and rice value chains.

Local Chick Demonstration Farm:

The potential farmer who is willing to raise chicken and has sufficient land is selected to run a local chick demonstration farm. To start with, the project trains and supports them to build cages for hens, cocks, and chicks, and also provides hatching incubators. The potential farmers will sell their chicks and provide trainings and coaching to the model farmers and others in the community.

Summary of main activities implemented:

Activities/ Events Objective Date/

Location Number of Participant

Type of Participant M F T

Assessment on available services for most at-risk households in the province

To identify types of livelihoods, support as well as find any possible ways for at-risk people to generate income.

22 communes in Prey Veng, Kompong Thom & Siem Reap

(Apr-Sept)

287 77 364 Commune councilors (CC), commune children and women committee (CCWC), village leaders, SHGs, poor 1 & 2 villagers

Train farmer promoters on successful small business farming to support at risk populations

To provide capacity building and follow-up support to the farmer promoters to be professional farm business advisors. Each trained farmer promoter is expected to train and

22 communes in Prey Veng, Kompong Thom, & Siem Reap (May-Sept)

329 (321)

741 (737)

1,070 (1,058 ARPs)

- 66 (54 ARPs) Farmer promoters including 37 (33 ARPs) females

- 1,004 At risk households 704



coach up to 10 at risk households in Year I.

females) received trainings from the trained farmer promoters

- 15 demonstration farms established by the active farmer promoters.

To set up local chick demonstration farms

To produce local chicks to generate incomes. The farmer promoters sell their chicks with low costs and provide trainings and coaching support to model farmers and others to raise chickens.

Kompong Cham (July- Sept)

2

14 (9 ARPs)

7 (3 ARPs)

2

21 (12 ARPs)

- 2 farmers selected for running local chick demonstration farms

-21 model farmers selected.

Form producer groups

To support the producer groups to access to markets and link them to the district rice mill cooperatives.

Prey Veng, Kompong Thom, & Siem Reap (May-Sept)

55 (50 ARPs)

212 (29 ARPs)

267 (79 ARPs)

18 producer groups (vegetable/ fruits, rice, chicken…)

Form saving groups/ self-help groups

To develop self-sustained savings led cooperatives, providing services to support their members as well as in contributing to community development.

Prey Veng, Svay Rieng, Kompong Thom, Kompong Cham, & Siem Reap (May-Sept)

627 (447 ARPs)

2,390 (1,632 ARPs)

3,017(2,079 ARPs)

Villagers, including at-risk people (158 savings groups formed)

Form agriculture cooperative/Farmer Association

To increase member’s production and incomes by helping better link them with finance, agricultural inputs, information, and output markets.

Svay Rieng (Aug-Sept)

81 95 176 (99 APRs)

2 agriculture cooperative formed and 5 existing farmer associations strengthened

Moreover, the partner organizations, with support from Winrock started to mobilize local authorities to prevent risky migration and to refer potential victims. Below are some actions and results:

Province Activity Output Outcome

9 targeted provinces 65 commune workshops/meetings

1,182 participants who are CC,

It is expected at least 50% of the targeted communes integrated TIP into Commune



CCWC, and village chiefs

Investment Plan. Winrock will assess in year 2.

Koh Kong and Svay Rieng 8 Trainings to local authorities on prevention and protection against human trafficking.

250 who are CC, CCWC, village chiefs, school directors/ teachers

After trainings, 2,124 villagers including 1,408 females were informed about safe ways to migrate and how to prevent themselves from TIP, by the trained local authority.

Svay Rieng (Thlok and Andoung Pou communes)

Commune monthly meetings

30 Commune councils and village leaders

The trained 2 commune councils added migration and TIP-related issues in the agendas of their monthly meetings. They discussed and planned to disseminate the relevant information to their villagers.

The activities were implemented smoothly and according to the plan, despite some initial delays to coordinate with the impact evaluation.

The cost was higher than expected and some funds from the original project budget had to be shifted under this component to reach the targets.

The selection of beneficiaries was challenging, due to the specific activities providing support on livelihood to the poorest, and Winrock has monitored carefully and readjusted some of the criteria and selection process along the way. The assessment on social discrimination also provided some recommendations to prevent exclusion of discriminated groups.

NGOs have different levels of knowledge of safe migration, TIP, agriculture techniques, financial literacy, etc. and Winrok has started to address gaps and harmonize approaches. Winrock is also in the process of finalizing an agreement with the CP Thai company to provide ToT to project partners on animal raising.

Prevention Sub-IR 1.3: Strengthened national and sub-national strategies to prevent TIP

Target for Y1 Achieved Comments 2 PCs allocating and accessing the budget

6 Winrock expected to achieve only 2 in year one, but 5 were able to access the allocated budget, but with some limitations explained below.

Nine Provinces assisted to prepare PPAs and two able to access and spend money to implement CTIP Activities

PCCTs Regular Meeting to Monitor the Implementation of PPAs.

CTIP has provided technical and financial support to PCCTs in 8 CTIP assisted provinces to organize 21 meetings with 416 participants from different provincial departments and NGOs.

6 PCCTs have accessed and spent the government budget to implement their PPAs. It is a good achievement compared to the project target of 2 and compared to previous years, but the approved amount was significantly lower than the requested one. And even if the approved was lower, the PCCT failed to spend the full amount. The graph shows the budget prepared, approved and spent. Budget of Prey Veng and Svay Rieng were not approved because provincial budget was said not to be sufficient to allocate resources to the committees.



As below, PCCTs have an allocation of about $1,500 up to $4,500, but the money was mainly spent for running costs and for public forums on migration; the committees still rely on support from NGO partners to pay for activities more directly related to TIP, such as services for victims and information campaigns. The committees also need to have more support for gathering and reporting data to the national level, that should be their main role.

PCCs: PC Province Budget

requested Budget disbursed

Spent PPA 2016 prepared

Banteay Meanchey

US$5,000 US$2,250 US$2,750 Yes

Kampong Cham US$5,000 US$1,500 US$533 Yes Koh Kong Non US$563 US$563 Yes Kampong Thom US$2,000 US$2,000 US$155 Yes Prey Veng US$5,000 Non Non Yes Siem Reap US$15,000 US$4,000 US$1,252 Yes Svay Rieng US$5,000 Non Non Yes Ordor Meanchey US$15,000 US$3,750 US$483 Yes Phnom Penh Non Non Non No

In Koh Kong, PPA and budget was not approved by the governor because there was no provincial budget available, but the committee could get funds by requesting them on singular activities, one request at a time. But this practice led to difficulties in planning and next year, the province should get approval on the annual budget first.

Phnom Penh remains challenging, because the committee is quite inactive. The designated chair is extremely busy and always refused to meet with Winrock.

CTIP reported this concern to NCCT’s Permanent Chair.

Budget at national level:

The Royal Decree stated that NCCT and PCCT shall have separate budget for TIP. NCCT then obtained a specific budget directly from Ministry of Economic and Finance, about half million dollars for 2016 (the budget is not public, but this figure was shared by the NCCT with Winrock unofficially). Winrock will continue to monitor and support NCCT to receive needed budgetary support.

Other achievements implemented to strengthened the national system to combat TIP: Mid-term review of NPA: The National Plan of Action (NPA) 2014-2018 was developed as roadmap for stakeholders from both government and NGO development partners to develop their strategies and plans of actions to combat against human trafficking in Cambodia at national and sub-national levels. The implementation was undertaken for about two years since it was approved by chairman of National Committee for Counter Trafficking in Persons in February 2015.

With technical and financial support from CTIP, a mid-term review is now on process and reached the stage of selecting an independent consultant to review the achievements and challenges and find resolutions to address these challenges. The review will start in the first quarter of year 2.

Supporting the development of NCCT’s M&E Plan: Winrock planned to have this M&E plan endorsed and functioned by end of year 1, but the plan has only been drafted. Winrock facilitated meetings with the NCCT to explain objectives and need for the M&E plan and system in place, but it was then difficult to finalize the plan, since the committee had other priorities and kept postponing the meetings. It was then decided to ask the selected



consultant for the MTR to provide guidelines for the M&E plan. It was also agreed that the organization to be selected supporting the pilot project in Poipet may also propose IT solutions for data collection and reporting.

Winrock has continued to support implementation of national policies providing technical support in several events. The main activities are listed below:

Activities/Events Objective Date/ Location

Number of Participant

Type of Participant

M F T

1.3.1 Capacity Building on M&

E, reporting and planning of NCCT

M&E development consultative meeting among NCCT key personnel and NGO development partners.

To increase understanding on M&E system through encouraging them to involve with review and select all key indicators from NPA and make them be able to coordinate their WGs to develop M&E Plan.

NCCT (25 April 2016)

4 14 18 Members of NCCT, NGO partners.

NCCT’s International Cooperation TWG Meeting.

To develop Annual Plan of Action 2016-2017

14 June 2016 MoWA

34 NCCT, MoI, MoWA, MoVSY, MoLVT, MoFAIC, MoJ, MoEYS, PCCT, NGOs,

NCCT’s Prevention TWG Meeting.

To develop Annual Plan of Action 2016-2017

20 Jan. 2016 MoEYS

10 9 19 NCCT, MoI, MoWA, MoVSY, MoLVT, MoFAIC, MoJ, MoEYS, PCCT, NGOs,

1.3.2 Coordination meetings and guidelines for

policies implem

entation

NCCT’s Annual Meeting and Launching ID Guideline.

To prepare Annual Report 2015, to endorse and disseminate Annual Plan of Action 2016 of NCCT.

25 Feb. 2016 MoI

500 NCCT, MoI, MoWA, MoVSY, MoLVT, MoFAIC, MoJ, MoEYS, PCCT, Donors, Embassies, PRAs, NGOs,

Consultative workshop for preparation of plan of action to implementing ID Guideline.

To provide technical and financial support to NCCT to organize consultative workshop to give all key officers from inter-ministries and NGO partners to a chance for giving their inputs into plan of action to

Imperial Hotel (07 June 2016)

6 35 41 NCCT, MoWA, MoSVY, MoJ, MoI, MoEYS, General Department of ID, Gendarmeries, NGOs



implement ID Guideline.

1.3.5 PPAs for 2016 prepared with budget allocation

PCCT regular meetings for monitoring and reviewing the implementation of PPAs for 2016.

To provide technical and financial support to PCCTs in CTIP’s target provinces to organize regular meetings to discuss about activities, challenges, and projection.

Koh Kong 41 11 52

Members of PCCT, including police officers, Officials from different provincial departments, including DoLVT, DoSVY, DoWA, DoEYS, DoT, Gendarmeries, NGOs and district governors.

10 Aug 2016

Kompong Cham

26 15 41

08 April 2016

24 June 2016

29 July 2016

31 August 2016

Siem Reap 55 17 72

18 Feb. 2016

01 April 2016

05 July 2016

26 July 2016

28 Sept. 2016

Banteay Meanchey

60 24 84

23 March 2016

31 May 2016

16 August 2016

Kompong Thom

17 7 24

5 May 2016

19 May 2019

Uddor Meanchey

51 28 79

10 Feb. 2016

14 July 2016

Svay Rieng 28 19 47

29 March 2016

04 July 2016

Prey Veng 11 6 15

17 June 2016

15 Sept. 2016

4.1.1. Training to enforce national

ToT Training course on ID Form and Procedure of Appropriate Service Provision for Victim of TIP

To build capacity of key trainers who are the members of NCCT, from different ministries and NGO partners.

13-16 September 2016, MoI

22 15 37 NCCT, MOI, MoWA, MoVSY, MoLVT, MoFAIC, MoJ, MoEYS, MoT, MoInfo, NGOs,



Winrock has also provided policy recommendations on several issues and is now a respected and trusted partner of the NCCT.

The priorities for next year are to continue to advocate for additional resources for the NCCT and PCCTs. To provide capacity building and to support the development of an effective data collection and reporting system.

Protection IR 2: Strengthened Survivor Protection and Services for all Forms of TIP Protection Sub-IR 2.1: Improved victim identification and support

Target for Year 1 Achieved 250 VoTs identified and assisted with multiple services

805 TIP victims have been identified and assisted by CTIP partners, 76% of the total assisted TIP victims received multiple services. The target was largely overachieved, because of the identification of TIP victims among deportees that was higher than expected. The strategy to provide quick services and reach more victims has worked out well, but people have not requested further support, putting in question the quality and sustainability of the reintegration.

Below the victims assisted are divided into two categories: the victims referred by other service providers or by family members and the victims identified through the screening process in Poipet among illegal deportees from Thailand. Analysis of the victims referred by service providers or family members to CTIP: Type of TIP victims # of Victims Assisted

IJM ADHOC LSCW CCPCR Total Sex trafficking 0 1 0 4 5 Labor trafficking (not fisherman) 27 12 22 36 95 Slavery marriage 4 18 3 0 25 Trafficking on fishing vessel 64 0 129 33 201 Child trafficking (below 18) 1 0 0 60 61

Total: 96 31 154 133 387

25 victims of trafficking on fishing boats were jointly assisted by IJM and CCPCR; 2 victims of labor trafficking (not fisherman) were jointly supported by LSCW and CCPCR.

The table below shows the type of services provided to TIP victims by each partner:

Type of Services # of Victims Assisted IJM ADHOC LSCW CCPCR Total

Repatriation 0 6 0 60 66 Travel back home or to a new community

5 4 0 44 53

Short term shelter support 0 0 0 44 44 Counselling support 1 10 0 104 115 Referral to other service providers 0 0 2 4 6 Legal aid 82 3 154 0 239 Reintegration into community 0 7 0 0 7 Job placement 0 0 0 1 1 Vocational skills training 0 0 0 1 1



Aftercare* (IJM’s comprehensive aftercare assistance from need assessment, trauma recovery and reintegration)

56 0 0 0 56

Other (investigation and/or intervention)

31 30 0 0 61

Total: 175 60 156 258 649

*IJM has developed a unique system of aftercare assistance that has an holistic approach at the needs of the victim and his/her family. IJM has already provided assistance to other CTIP’s partners to improve their assistance and in year 2, IJM and Winrock will increase their work on aftercare to improve quality and range of services provided. IJM will also provide support to the social workers of DoSAVY in selected provinces to increase their capacities in case management

Most assisted clients referred to the project received legal aid, followed by general counselling, repatriation support and support to return home. The project succeeded in rescuing and assisting a high number of trafficked people, bringing them back home and providing them legal aid, but it did not offer them long term support and livelihood alternatives to protect them from being at risk again. The problem is that most of assisted people look for quick support and are not interest in skill training nor in support to start a business. They raher prefer to get information about low skill jobs and on how to re-migrate. Now that the project has developed the service for accessing information on job opportunities, all assisted victims will be registered in the system. Another service the project wants to provide is “emergency cash”, $50 to give to the identified TIP victims to provide them so they will not re-migrate immediately, but to have enough time to seek for information on jobs and migration. Winrock has requested approval to USAID to provide cash to victims and waiting for the approval. In year 2, the project will increase its work on building capacities of DoSAVY in identification and case management, since it was difficult in year 1 to get the needed help and it was requested to Winrock to provide support. It was also discussed and decided that in some cases, it is still important to provide long term support and some assisted clients are interest and in need of that. Therefore IJM, the partner that has the best case management process, will have the role to provide comprehensive after care support for long term re-integration in the identified cases.

66 53

115 239

7 1 1

44 56

6 61

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

RepatriationTravel back home

Psychological counsellingLegal aid

Reintegration into communityVocational skills training

Job placementshort-term shelter

AftercareReferral

Others (investigaion and/or intervention)

Support disaggregated by type of service



Graphic below shows the destination countries where the TIP victims were trafficked to:

South Africa case: For 84 South Africa cases in follow up from CTIP II (the old case of Giant Ocean case) is at the supreme court. CTIP partner, LSCW have submitted the motion to expedite the process but the court informed them that the perpetrator needs a lawyer but the court cannot afford a lawyer for her. However, the court has promised to expedite the process.

Japan case: For 17 people involved in the Japan case, all of them are in Chamkar Andong commune, Chamkar Leu district. They were cheated by a private recruitment agency in Phnom Penh that promised to send them to work in Japan but they asked for USD 8,000 per person. However, the agency asked them to pay first only USD 4,000 to agency and 700 USD to local recruiter for each migrant workers and the rest will pay after they passed language testing. This case was referred to LSCW during a project outreach program and was transferred to anti trafficking department of Phnom Penh. Anti-trafficking police tried a mediation with the company for returning the money, but failed. The case is now at Kampong Cham court and LSCW is following up.

TIP Cases in Cambodia: 5 victims of sex trafficking trafficked from Vietnam to Cambodia were also assisted. CCPCR and ADHOC worked with anti-human trafficking police in Kampong Cham and PNP. Four women were rescued and repatriated back to Vietnam. Another one is a minor, from Prey Veng province, who was trafficked to Phnom Penh for the purpose of commercial sex work. Assistance at MAC (Migration Assistance Centre) In collaboration with local authorities, Samaritan’s Purse (SP) operates the Migrant Assistance Center (MAC) in Poipet, with funding support partially from USAID’s CTIP program. Through operation of MAC, SP makes the first point of contact for identifying target VoTs and vulnerable returnees, supporting emergency needs and providing necessary services including coordination of referral services. The Poipet City Deputy Governor is actively seeking a new site for the city to construct a MAC building. Until that time, SP will continue to operate the temporary MAC as much as possible.

75 36

72 60

15 17

84 4

3 2

1 3

6 5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

MalaysiaChina

Thailand & IndonesiaVietnamThailand

JapanS. Africa

SingaporeTaiwan

SenegalFiji

Saudi ArabiaIndonesiaCambodia

Victims supported disaggregated by destination country



Within 5 months of the implementation period, Samaritans’ Purse received 17,882 deportees from Thailand that came through the center in Poipet, among those deportees, 418 (about 2.34%) were identified as TIP victims. The center provided emergency support including coordination of referral services. The table below indicated the supports provided by MAC.

Month May Jun Jul Aug Sep Total

# deportees came through MAC 2,866 2,582 3,486 4,382 4,566 17,882

# deportees receiving basic needs (water, light snacks, food) 2,848 2,582 3,481 4,382 4,566 17,859

# deportees receiving clothing packages 13 18 05 17 22 75

# deportees received children packages 14 14 8 4 0 40

# deportees received information on safe migration & trafficking awareness-with support from IOM

2,717 2,312 3,085 3,838 4,002 15,954

# deportees provided with one-night accommodation - 1 - 8 7 16

# deportees referred to other services 17 13 15 24 21 90

# deportees supported with job placement - - - - 3 3*

# deportees supported with travel back home or to a new community

116 106 178 223 209 823

*3 deportees, two men and one woman, were assisted to get job to work in a construction site in Poipet as workers. MAC and the Government The MAC center plays an important role to assist the deportees and to identify the victims to refer to appropriate service providers. It is important to maintain a good collaboration with the government, since the deportees are brought to the MAC by immigration police and, at the same time, to keep the independency to continue to support the deportees with limited interference from the government. In the past, all deportees were first interrogated by immigration police and that has often lead to intimidation and corruptive practices. Now, the process has improved considerably and no one has reported abuses by the immigration police. But the process may change, and there are already pressures to reintroduce the previous system. Winrock will continue to advocate through the NCCT to keep the process as it is. NCCT is now planning to set up a bigger and more organized center where deportees are first identified and then referred to the different service providers. NGOs will continue to assist the government at the centre also providing direct support, but the first identification will be through the national screening system. Winrock has also discussed with NCCT about available IT support to collect information on the people screened and eventually to provide them with identification documents. The plan of NCCT is now to implement a pilot program at the MAC for identification of TIP victims. Up to now, SP has used screening based on the national guidelines, but simplified due to the limited time available to interview the deportees. The previously used quick screening identified a high percentage of potential trafficking victims, but the more in-depth interview introduced, more in line with the national screening system, has identified an average 2.34% victims, majority men and victims of forced labor in the construction field. Yet, the number remains high, considering the daily high number of deportees and NCCT argues that without proof of identification, we may count the same people and because the screening happens in an open environment in less than 10 minutes,



the result has many limitations and that could mislead to an overestimation of the TIP victims among deportees. Winrock has agreed that the number will be quoted only as “preliminary identified as TIP victim” and the pilot program will be important to validate this value. Jobs and Legal Aid Deportees may need quick support and through a quick screening, it is difficult to identify needs and to refer people to the right service providers and people are often in a situation of distress and not open to receive advice and to remember suggestions later on. IJM has planned one person from their staff to be placed at MAC to provide immediate legal counseling and start investigation on potential TIP cases. OI will also have two staff for registering all interested returned migrants in the employment system to be informed about job opportunities. SMART had also proposed to provide SIM cards to all deportees, but the problem is the verification of identity, since most do not have any documents, but if NCCT will introduce a system to verify identity through biometric data, it should be then possible also to provide them SIM cards. Assistance to deportees at Poipet remains a great opportunity to reach high number of vulnerable people and also to study trends and measure changes. It is important to strengthen the support to find the best way to assist and screen people in the very limited time they spend at the centre. Protection Sub-IR 2.2: Strengthened protection support networks

Target of workplan Achieved 200 NGO workers trained 53 services providers trained. This included 23

religious leaders and 23 NGOs partner of World Renew trained on TIP and safe migration through the established relationship with the NGO World Renew and 7 CTIP partners.

300 Government officials trained 359 government officials trained. This included 97 trained by NCCT, and 262 local authorities, commune council members and CCWCs trained by CCPCR on protection against human trafficking, identification of victims and referral mechanisms.

1 survivor’s forum organized A three-day ‘Voices of Human Trafficking Survivors Forum’ was organized between the 25th-27th September in Siem Reap province.

Survivors Forum: A group of 29 human trafficking survivors from 12 provinces across Cambodia came together with 20 people from CTIP partners and other relevant NGOs partners for a three-day ‘Voices of Human Trafficking Survivors Forum’ between the 25th-27th September to express their expert opinions on key anti-trafficking issues, evaluate services for survivors and voice their recommendations on anti-trafficking programs and policy. The forum was held in Siem Reap and was facilitated by five of the program’s partners. Two-days of in-depth group discussion was followed by a final day for the survivors to present their recommendations directly to policymakers and practitioners. The survivors delivered 37 recommendations on prevention, protection and prosecution to representatives from NGOs, donors and the Cambodian government. The recommendations presented by the survivors included offering skills training to survivors that meet their needs,



requesting that police and courts don’t discriminate against and use respectful language with survivors and increasing job opportunities in Cambodia to prevent trafficking. For the full list of recommendations in English and Khmer, visit https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/re/ Importantly, the forum has also facilitated the formation of a survivors’ network that will continue advocacy at a national level. It is expected that the network will be formalized in the future based on the needs of this leading survivors group. ID Guidelines Implementation: CTIP, in collaboration with relevant NGOs such as UNACT, Cambodia ACT and IOM, supported the NCCT to develop an action plan on ID guidelines implementation. Below are the main activities conducted during this reporting period:

• Through a series of meetings, the training content and sub content for the curriculum and slides of presentations have been developed in part by each of these institutions and have been finalized. Seven target provinces were selected for pilot training and testing of the ID guidelines: Phnom Penh, Kanda, Kampong Cham, Banteay Meanchey, Siem Reap, Svay Rieng, and Battambang. Following this meeting, members of the NCCT agreed to have a technical workshop to further discuss the development of an ID guidelines training curriculum.

• A national TOT training on ID Guidelines was conducted by NCCT on 13-16 Sep, at the Ministry of Interior with 37 trainees from relevant departments of MoWA, MoFAIC, MoIn, MoSAVY, MoJ, MoH, MoEYS, MoD, WI, IOM, etc. Following this national TOT training, a reflection meeting was held on 20 September 2016 at NCCT Secretariat Office in order to get feedback from the trainers and organizers. On 24-27 Sep, a provincial TOT training was conducted by NCCT in Kandal province. NCCT planned to organize provincial TOT for all 24 provinces at the end of this year and in the 1st semester of 2017.

• CTIP conducted a few meetings with NCCT to advocate for setting up a system for managing VoTs data to provide a coding system and database for better monitoring and referral. The pilot program for implementing the database is now set for year 2.

Protection Sub-IR 2.3: Improved cross-border and regional responses to TIP

Targets Achieved

MoU with China drafted MoU drafted (signed in October 2016).

Regional discussion on common definition of TIP initiated

List of indicators of victim identification prepared by COMMIT meeting in Malaysia on 16 December 2016.

MoU with Vietnam revised with guidelines for implementation

It is in progress. Two preparation meetings were organized by MoWA to review the implementation of MoU and prepare report for a bilateral meeting which it will be held in October 2016.

CSOs policy recommendations on strategies to address trafficking on fishing vessels and trafficking of brides regionally initiated (through labor Forum)

Labor forum and other stakeholders’ meetings have initiated the discussion, but no formal advocacy activity has followed. The selected partner, LSCW, has finalized the agreement with CTIP late and some planned targets, including this particular one, as well as the one on monitoring the supply chain, will only be achieved in year 2

Below is a list of main activities supported by the project that helped to reach the results listed above:

Activity Objective Date M F T From

Bilateral Meeting between the Royal

To develop MoU for strengthening cooperation

23 Aug. 2016 Siem Reap.

52 37 89 NCCT, MoI, MoWA, MoVSY,

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/re/



Government of Kingdom of Cambodia and People’s Republic of China to sign MoU on TIP Cooperation.

to protect and repatriate victims of trafficking in persons.

MoLVT, MoFAIC, MoJ, MoEYS, PCCT, Chinese deletions, NGOs,

Consultative Meeting on MoU between Cambodia and China

To collect inputs from key stakeholders for preparation of MoU.

30 March 2016 MoI

30 NCCT, MoI, MoWA, MoVSY, MoLVT, MoFAIC, MoJ, MoEYS, NGOs,

30 May 2016 NCCT

2 June 2016

Preparation Meeting on MoU between Cambodia and Vietnam.

To review the implementation of plan of action to implement MoU.

5 Sept. 2016 MoWA

17 NCCT, MoI, MoWA, MoVSY, MoLVT, MoFAIC, MoJ, MoEYS, NGOs,

19 Sept. 2016, MoWA

ASEAN and COMMIT Workshop on Victim Identification and Associated Forms of Labor Exploitation.

To share and learn on victim identification and associated forms of labor exploitation in the region to harmonize definitions and process in the region.

16 Dec. 2016 Malaysia

48 ASEAN Country Representatives, ILO, AAPTIP, IOM, UN-ACT, and USAID-WI

Main content of MoU with China and future challenges: This MoU covers four key areas: prevention, protection, prosecution, and capacity building. The challenge is the definition of victims because it is based on law of both countries, not based on Palermo Protocol. Yet, it is an important step because now the two countries can take joint actions to rescue, investigate, prosecute and repatriate victims of TIP. There will be focal authorities in both countries who can take action by conducting joint investigation, information sharing, extraditing suspect perpetrators and repatriating victims of TIP; all that was a challenge up to now. As for the next step, China will host an annual consultative meeting in early 2017 to finalize the Plan of Action for 2017 for joint law enforcement operation and appointment of focal persons for bilateral cooperation communication/liaison and a joint training workshop in China.

Main content of MoU with Vietnam and challenges: It is in progress. A preparation meeting for the bilateral meeting in October was held in September to discuss the cooperation mechanism for implementing the agreement, awareness raising and education on human trafficking, implementation of SOP for victim identification and repatriation, coordination for investigation and arrest. The meeting was organized by MOWA and Winrock provided technical support, along with other stakeholders. MoU with Thailand: Both countries signed MoU and plan of action, but many activities were not implemented because Cambodia did not have resources and Thailand showed little commitment. SOP should be developed to include cross border investigation, case management, referral mechanism and repatriation. Registration process in Thailand and nationality verification: MoLVT issued a ministry notification on passport handover and worker cards started from September 2016 onward. Migrant workers



who have a pink card (temporary work permit) can extend it for another two years and they can apply for passport and worker card online at cost of 950 TBH or $30, then they should register for regular work permit, stay permit and health insurance. Cambodian migrants will continue to migrate illegally if legal migration in Cambodia remains costly and time consuming; the government should consider to reduce cost and to simplify the process. Prosecution IR 3: Increased Likelihood of Successful prosecutions of TIP

Targets year 1: Achieved 40 TIP Convictions in assisted cases 4 TIP cases under CTIP assistance at court have reached

conviction with compensation, there are 4 more assisted cases that reached convictions, but they are not reported, because they were referred to IJM after the case was charged, so we cannot fully say that the verdict was reached due to the support from the project.

200 VoTs and exploited migrants assisted with legal aid and cases filed and prosecuted

239 VoTs and exploited migrants assisted with legal aid, cases filed and under prosecution.

100 victims of labor trafficking rescued through police operations and cases filed

53 victims of labor trafficking rescued through police operations/interventions and cases filed.

Need assessment for Collaborative casework workshops

Primary data from IJM’s interactions with PJS officials in 2016 continue to be collected after each engagement with PJS. AHTJP interview techniques/quality assessed during Indonesia 54 case, have been used as a pre-designed checklist.

In August-September 2016, the IJM casework and leadership team, representatives about 30 people from IJM casework staff and leaders, CSOs: LSCW, ADHOC, CCPCR, SP IOM, Chab Dai, AAPTIP, Rattanak, Central, and USAID/Cambodia participated in desk review and in-depth interviews to provide data for our PJS report (to be completed end of October).

These interviews gave team with valuable insight into the Public Justice System’s response to labor trafficking and will allow CTIP to compile observations and make recommendations to the Royal Cambodian government.

TWG on UIA at MOI/MOJ set up In May, 2016, H.E. Chou Bun Eng (NCCT) advised IJM to hold back on pushing the Ministry of Justice for progress on Undercover Investigative Authority (UIA). Her Excellency believes the MOJ needs time to “work on” the issue before the project pushes for results. IJM opted to follow Her Excellency’s guidance for a limited time only, as it is unlikely any progress will be made by the MOJ on its own initiative. CTIP is reviewing the Guidelines for UIA already submitted to the MOJ, and will seek to have an amended version before the MOJ in the next year.

The results under prosecution remain challenging and if many victims receive legal aid, few cases reach conviction stage. MOI continue to be a supportive partner and IJM has reached an agreement for revising the CV of Royal Police Academy on TIP. AHTJP unit is also working closely with IJM in rescuing trafficking victims and in interviewing returned victims, but without the commitment from



MOJ, convictions do not reach the project target and even accessing data on prosecution has taken long time and it is still difficult for the project. The concern has been raised many times to MOI. The project also faced difficulties in its advocacy action on UIA and next year will take astronger action, since the advice to let MOJ discuss internally first has led to no result. Below are the main cases currently under prosecution with the support from the project:

Case under investigation/prosecution Victims involved

Present status CTIP Partner

Malika Spa investigation: The AHT division of the Military Police requested IJM’s help to rescue 13 girls from Malika Spa, Phnom Penh, from where it was suspected they were about to be trafficked to Thailand. IJM developed a strong working relationship with the Chief of the AHT, Military Police, who requested IJM to train his team.

13 Though the girls had been recruited from a poor province under suspicious circumstances, IJM determined there was insufficient evidence to indicate trafficking, and revised all operational protocols after debriefing on the case. Case dropped

IJM

‘Indonesia 54’ case: 54 men detained by Indonesian Navy having been found on illegal Thai fishing vessels were repatriated by the MoFAIC with the assistance of IOM. IJM trained and guided AHTJP officers in interviewing the men and determining if elements of trafficking were met.

54 IJM continues to support them with aftercare services in collaboration with Caritas and CCPCR.

IJM

Northern Cambodia investigation (Thai fishing recruitment and trafficking network) Investigations in this case may lead, in the near future, to the arrest of several key recruiters sending people to the Thai fishing industry. 10 TIP victims interviewed.

11 11 men were identified as victims and 6 of them signed on Power of attorney form for IJM lawyers to represent for them during both criminal and civil proceedings. IJM advocated with AHTJP in Siem Reap for suspects to be arrested; It is expected that the arrest will be happened soon.

IJM

China marriage cases (various) These cases present unique challenges in working with MoFAIC, the Cambodian Embassy and the Chinese government. IOM and UN-ACT have been supportive partners. IJM provided investigations (‘other’) and legal aid service to 1 TIP Victim. IJM and partners were able to locate the victim and eventually convinced an official from the Cambodian Embassy in Beijing, along with local police, to rescue the victim. IJM arranged for the lawyer, while another international agency took care of her surgery of broken her back and ankle in Beijing.

1

The victim returned safely and is now recovering in her home, reunited with her family, and participating in IJM’s aftercare program.

IJM

Work-study scam (China): IJM is assisting in the interviews and case analysis of about 14 students enticed into China on an apparent ‘work-study’ program. A new kind of scheme targeting students. Likely to lead to charges against the staff of an educational institution in Phnom Penh.

14 IJM in collaboration with Chab Dai, the 14 victims students already repatriated back to Cambodia. IJM continues to advocate AHTJP for interventions.

IJM

Thailand re 11 fishermen: IJM met with DSI, AHT, and an NGO called HRDF to discuss

11 IJM Cambodia continues to work a long side IJM Chiang Mai Thailand

IJM



collaboration between Thailand and Cambodia, and one particular case in Ranong, Thailand, involving 11 Cambodian victims. Collaboration between the nations is very limited and slow because of the many layers of approvals needed before any official cross-border action is taken.

office and Cambodian AHTJP police to follow-up on the process of this case.

Malaysian maid case. IJM provided legal aid service to 1 TIP Victim. Four suspects were charged in a cross-border labor trafficking case to Malaysia – the first charges obtained by IJM in this project. This case, a referral from Ratanak International, involved a 15 year-old girl trafficked to Malaysia for domestic servitude. The case was one of several involving Cambodian women recruited and trafficked as maids to Malaysia, giving IJM a more thorough understanding of the recruitment process and first-hand knowledge of the working conditions that may await those migrating to Malaysia to work.

1 IJM advocated with AHTJP and prosecutor in Tbong Kmom for charge and arrest of perpetrators. The 4 perpetrators have been charged under Article 9 of TIPSE (“Unlawful Removal of Minor”) and Article 29 of Penal Code. Though, they absconded, and IJM team has worked with AHTJP in Tbong Kmom to locate them.

IJM

China forced marriage – two sisters Case is at Royal Prosecutor’s investigation stage assisted by IJM.

2 8 accused have been charged, 1 is in jail, the other 7 are absconding, whereabouts unknown. Victims as yet unwilling to participate in legal process due to their trauma and concern of perpetrator’s revenge.

IJM

China forced marriage. The 3 women were trafficked to China from Kampong Thom and Prey Veng after being convinced by a broker to marry Chinese men.

3 This case was also assisted by ADHOC. The investigating judge has concluded the investigation. The two have been sent to the hearing judge (Phnom Penh Municipal Court and to Prey Veng Court). Another one is undergoing investigation by the investigating judge (Prey Veng Municipal Court).

ADHOC

Casework Team Facilitates Rescue of Four Survivors in Malaysia. IJM facilitated the rescue of four survivors in Malaysia from two diverse case types during Q4. IJM worked with Chab Dai Coalition and its civil society partner in Malaysia to rescue a young woman exploited as a domestic servant. In another case in Malaysia, a begging ring and recruitment network exploiting disabled workers and young children was interrupted when IJM’s referral and over-the-phone counseling of the victim led to rescue by a partner NGO and AHT police. IJM staff travelled to Malaysia to assist with the identification procedure. Three individuals were rescued in this case.

4 Following the rescue by the Malaysian police, these 4 victims have been placed in a shelter in KL pending further investigation by police and the court of Malaysia. The investigation will take for 3 months, and IJM staff are still continually following-up with the CSO in Malaysia on victims’ well-being as well as the flow of the process. And IJM will ask for IOM’s assistance in helping with victim repatriation.

IJM

Chin Punleu case: forced marriage to China, which involved 1 victim. 1 of 2 suspects was arrested, and another suspect is still in China. Both suspects were charged before the case

1 IJM lawyer is representing the victim, and advocating with the court for appropriate charges. And the lawyer has also worked closely with the

IJM



was referred to IJM.

judge and clerk on this case to find appropriate ways to protect the victim and her family as the suspect’s family have kept coming to them to intimidate and try to lobby them to drop the complaint.

A cross-border domestic servitude (Housemaid) to Malaysia case. This case involved with 6 victims and 5 suspects. The victims were already repatriated to Cambodia in May and June.

6 IJM has worked with police to identify the suspects and their location. This case is still at police investigation stage.

IJM

One underage victim, from Prey Veng province, was trafficked to Phnom Penh for the purpose of sex trafficking.

1 The case is undergoing investigation by the Prosecutor, it will be sent to the investigating judge (Prey Veng Municipal Court).

ADHOC

Case of one fisherman to Thailand.

14 Two traffickers were sentenced 15 years in jail and 5 million compensation (it is in appeal court).

LSCW

Case of one bride to China. 1 One trafficker was sentenced to 7 years in Jail and 25 million riels as compensation (this case is in Phnom Penh Court) after the judgement the lawyer who represents the trafficker confirmed to appeal against the decision.

LSCW

Case of fishermen from Prey Veng province. 13 victims

This case is still under the investigation judge, however the compensation has already been settled between the trafficker and 13 fishermen.

LSCW

Case of fishermen in Kampot and Appeal court.

14 This case is at the appeals court and the schedule for the trial already set. The perpetrator agreed to pay the compensation to those 14 fishermen.

LSCW

Case of bride of China, at Kampong Cham court.

1 The court dropped charges against the perpetrator. However, LSCW continues to appeal the judgement made by Kampong Cham court (this case is in appeals court).

LSCW

Case in Kampong Chhnange, domestic worker victim in Malaysia.

2 This case is in the hands of prosecutors in Kampong Cham Court.

LSCW

Case of bride to China in Svay Rieng. 1 The survivor already arrived home and the case is with the prosecutor of Svay Rieng Court.

LSCW

Case of migrant workers cheated by private recruitment agencies.

17 Now this case is in the hands of the prosecutor in Kampong Cham Court.

LSCW

Intervention: 2 victims, from Prey Veng province, were trafficked to Malaysia for forced labour. ADHOC accompanied the

2 1 broker was arrested; the case is under investigation by the Prosecutor at the Prey Veng

ADHOC



victims to the Provincial Police Anti-Human Trafficking Unit to make a complaint, and is undertaking on-going follow-up with the prosecutor. Legal advice was provided by ADHOC’s provincial investigator (not a lawyer).

Provincial Court.

Intervention: The two victims, from Kratie province, were trafficked to Malaysia for forced labour. ADHOC wrote an intervention letter to the Provincial Police Anti-Human Trafficking Unit. Legal advice was provided by ADHOC’s provincial investigator (not a lawyer).

2 2 brokers were arrested; the case has been sent to the Kratie Provincial Court.

ADHOC

Intervention: The victim, from Prey Veng province, was trafficked to China and forcibly married. ADHOC requested intervention from the Provincial Police Anti-Human Trafficking Unit. Legal advice was provided by ADHOC’s provincial investigator (not a lawyer). A lawyer has been provided by another NGO.

1 2 brokers were arrested, the case in undergoing investigation at the Prey Veng Provinicial Court by the Investigating Judge.

ADHOC

Cases ended with conviction CASE Conviction Compensation Court of

1 case of trafficking involving 13 fishermen trafficked to Thailand.

2 perpetrators convicted with 15 year sentences by Kampot Court (one was arrested and already in jail and another one escaped to Thailand). However, the perpetrators appeal against the judgement.

Appeal Court ordered the perpetrator to pay each victim 4 million riels (US$1,000) and a total of 52 million riels (US$13,000) were handed to 13 fishermen. The appeal court will re-retrial the appeal complaint regarding the criminal action, made by the perpetrator against the Kampot court.

Kampot and Appeal court

One case of fisherman trafficked to Thailand.

The perpetrator was convicted 15 with a year sentence.

With 5 million riels (US$1,250) compensation.

Appeal Court

A case of bride trafficked to China (one female).

The perpetrator was convicted with a 7 year sentence.

With 25 million riels (about US$6,250) compensation.

Phnom Penh Municipal Court

14 fishermen trafficked to Malaysia. One perpetrator not finally convicted.

Court ordered to pay compensation 5 million riels (about US$1,250) to each victim and totally, 70 million riels (US$17,500), but the criminal action is remaining. After perpetrator paid the compensation, the investigation judge released the perpetrator on bail.

Prey Veng Court

Another case was settled outside the court system in which the victim (maid in Arabia

Saudi Arabia) agreed to get direct compensation in amount of US$1,000 from the broker.



Prosecution remains challenging due to lack of coordination and cooperation with destination countries and slow process for identification and repatriation. Moreover, victims often do not file complaints or choose to drop, mainly for the following reasons:

• Often victims are asked to pay bribes to file complaints to competent authorities; • Lack of trust of judiciary and complain mechanisms that takes too long and often does not reach

the stage of a verdict with compensation for the victim. Often victims prefer to negotiate a compensation outside of court system

IJM has also commissioned a detailed study on state compensation schemes for victims, which will form part of our recommendations to the Cambodian government. A well-run and well-funded State compensation scheme could overcome the prevalence of under-the-table deals, and encourage victims to participate in court proceedings, having seen the government support them with rehabilitation funds.

Prosecution Sub-IR 3.2: Increased Capacity of Criminal Justice Actors to Prosecute TIP

Targets year 1: Achieved Design for national CV for police training The development of the National Human Trafficking

Curriculum, in partnership with the Police Academy of Cambodia and IOM, is going extremely well. IJM staff are part of a joint workgroup with IOM, six senior PAC trainers and an AHTJP officer. The working group meet twice weekly and going over each of the 17 modules in IJM’s draft curriculum in detail. The outcomes will be a comprehensive curriculum that will be used by police trainers nation-wide at all levels, not just in 2017 but for many years beyond.

100 police officers trained Scheduled for October 2016 For the police training, CTIP’s partner, IJM has now completed the development of training

curriculum. The discussion with police officers in charge was done and approved for conducting the training. The list of police officers who will be sent to the training has been obtained and submitted to the donor for vetting process. The training will be organized at end of October 2016 if the vetting list is cleared.

IV. PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Communication on project progress:

CTIP has developed several tools to keep everyone informed on project progress. Below is a list of tools and results:

BLOG (# of visitors, # posts, link)- Created in January and regularly updated and improved

Blog: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/ Pages created Views Visitors

147 3610 520

Since the establishment of the blog in January 2016, 147 pages were created. The blog was viewed 3,610 times by 520 visitors. Among those views, almost 90% were from Cambodia, 6% was from the United States, and the rest were from Thailand, Vietnam and other countries.



Compared to other pages, Home page received the most views which accounts approximately 650 followed by Who we are, Video, Facts and figures, Snapshot, Upcoming events and Newsletter respectively.

Pages of the blog receiving most views Facebook

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CTIPCambodia/ Description Post Reached Engagement

Number 250 62961 7152

There were 250 posts on the Facebook page of Cambodia Countering Trafficking-in-Persons program between 1st October 2015 to 30th September 2016. The posts obtained a total of 62,961 reaches and 7,152 engagements.

The Facebook post that had the most reaches and engagements was the post on 11th July 2016 that was about the actress Mean Sonyta (a local celebrity) supporting counter trafficking in persons.

Newsletter (Link)

o Newsletter Issue 1 February 2016: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-1-february-2016/

o Newsletter Issue 2 March 2016: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-2-march-2016/

o Newsletter Issue 3 April 2016: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-3-april-2016/

o Newsletter Issue 4 May 2016: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-4-may-2016/

o Newsletter Issue 5 June 2016: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-5-june-2016/

o Newsletter Issue 6 July 2016: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-6-july-2016/

o Newsletter Issue 7 August 2016: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-7-august-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-1-february-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-2-march-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-2-march-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-3-april-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-3-april-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-4-may-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-4-may-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-5-june-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-5-june-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-6-july-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-6-july-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-7-august-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-7-august-2016/



o Newsletter Issue 8 September 2016: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-8-september-2016/

CTIP in the media (links to articles) o Link to all videos: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/videos/ o Link to all audios: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/audios/ o Link to photos of the month: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/photos/

SUCCESS STORIES

Snapshots/Success Stories 1. Survivors of Labor Trafficking Receive Support to Pursue Safe and Sustainable Income

Sources https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/fifteen-survivors-of-labor-trafficking-receive-support-to-pursue-safe-and-sustainable-income-sources/

2. Local Youth Organization Launches Radio Show to Raise Awareness on Trafficking With Support From CTIP https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/local-youth-organization-launches-radio-show-to-raise-awareness-on-trafficking-with-support-from-ctip/

3. CTIP Secures Second Chance at Education for 22 Trafficked Children Forced to Beg in Vietnam https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/ctip-secures-second-chance-at-education-for-22-trafficked-children-forced-to-beg-in-vietnam/

4. Collaborative Effort Leads to Successful Repatriation of 54 Cambodian Men Trafficked to Fishing Boats https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/collaborative-effort-leads-to-successful-repatriation-of-54-cambodian-men-trafficked-to-fishing-boats/

5. Chinese Photographer Shares Powerful Images of Cambodian Bride to Prevent Trafficking: https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/chinese-photographer-shares-powerful-images-of-cambodian-bride-to-prevent-trafficking/

Case Studies:

CTIP Partner Coordinates Release and Repatriation of Enslaved Cambodian Bride https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/ctip-partner-coordinates-release-and-repatriation-of-enslaved-cambodian-bride/ Photo Caption

1. Rice Farming System Equips Vulnerable Farmers to Triple Rice Profits and Decrease Risk of Trafficking https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/rice-farming-system-equips-vulnerable-farmers-to-triple-rice-profits-and-decrease-risk-of-trafficking/

2. CTIP Quarterly Partners Meeting Provides Important Chance for Coordination & Learning https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-ctip-quarterly-partners-meeting-provides-important-chance-for-coordination-learning/

3. Feature: Saving Groups Address Economic Root Causes of Trafficking https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-saving-groups-address-economic-root-causes-of-trafficking/

4. Feature: Cambodian Migrants Share Knowledge on and Experiences of Migration to Develop Information Service https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-cambodian-migrants-share-knowledge-on-and-experiences-of-migration-to-develop-information-service/

Internal Project Coordination

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/newsletter-issue-8-september-2016/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/videos/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/audios/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/photos/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/fifteen-survivors-of-labor-trafficking-receive-support-to-pursue-safe-and-sustainable-income-sources/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/fifteen-survivors-of-labor-trafficking-receive-support-to-pursue-safe-and-sustainable-income-sources/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/local-youth-organization-launches-radio-show-to-raise-awareness-on-trafficking-with-support-from-ctip/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/local-youth-organization-launches-radio-show-to-raise-awareness-on-trafficking-with-support-from-ctip/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/ctip-secures-second-chance-at-education-for-22-trafficked-children-forced-to-beg-in-vietnam/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/ctip-secures-second-chance-at-education-for-22-trafficked-children-forced-to-beg-in-vietnam/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/collaborative-effort-leads-to-successful-repatriation-of-54-cambodian-men-trafficked-to-fishing-boats/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/collaborative-effort-leads-to-successful-repatriation-of-54-cambodian-men-trafficked-to-fishing-boats/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/chinese-photographer-shares-powerful-images-of-cambodian-bride-to-prevent-trafficking/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/chinese-photographer-shares-powerful-images-of-cambodian-bride-to-prevent-trafficking/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/ctip-partner-coordinates-release-and-repatriation-of-enslaved-cambodian-bride/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/ctip-partner-coordinates-release-and-repatriation-of-enslaved-cambodian-bride/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/rice-farming-system-equips-vulnerable-farmers-to-triple-rice-profits-and-decrease-risk-of-trafficking/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/rice-farming-system-equips-vulnerable-farmers-to-triple-rice-profits-and-decrease-risk-of-trafficking/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-ctip-quarterly-partners-meeting-provides-important-chance-for-coordination-learning/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-ctip-quarterly-partners-meeting-provides-important-chance-for-coordination-learning/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-saving-groups-address-economic-root-causes-of-trafficking/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-saving-groups-address-economic-root-causes-of-trafficking/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-cambodian-migrants-share-knowledge-on-and-experiences-of-migration-to-develop-information-service/

https://ctipcambodia.wordpress.com/feature-cambodian-migrants-share-knowledge-on-and-experiences-of-migration-to-develop-information-service/



Winrock keeps organizing regular meetings to ensure coordination within the project Partners’ meetings:

When objective participants

2-August 2016 Prevention meeting: objective of this quarterly meeting is to understand the progress of the project, learn about key challenges and provide support to partners so that they would perform their job well

CCPCR, Sovann Phoum, Samaritan Purse, CEDAC, OI, and WI

2-August 2016 Prosecution meeting: objective of this quarterly meeting is to understand the progress of the project, learn about key challenges and provide support to partners so that they would perform their job well

Adhoc, IJM, LSCW, and WI

3-August 2016 Protection meeting: objective of this quarterly meeting is to understand the progress of the project, learn about key challenges and provide support to partners so that they would perform their job well

CCPCR, Samaritan’s Purse, LSCW, IJM, ADHOC, and WI

20-September 2016

Annual meeting: objective of this quarterly meeting is to understand the progress of the project, learn about key challenges and discuss plan for year 2

CCPCR, CEDAC, Sovann Phom, Samaritan’s Purse, ADHOC, LSCW, IJM, OI and WI

The case management meeting among CTIP partners (LSCW, IJM, ADHOC and WI) was highly successful. We found that this meeting is really useful for all the partners as they could share information about casea, divide roles and responsibilities to assist victims, and learn good examples of case management in the case of domestic workers to Saudi Arabia.

• Local Field Monitoring Trip:

Organization/PCs Total number of field trips to monitor their work

Sector

CEDAC 6 Prevention

SOVANNA PHUM 2 Prevention

CCPCR 13 Prevention

CCPCR 4 Protection

SAMARITANS’PURSE 4 Prevention

SAMARITANS’PURSE 1 Protection

LSCW 1 Prosecution

ADHOC 1 Prosecution

PC SIEM REAP 5 Partnership

PC BANTEY MEANCHEY 3 Partnership

PC ODDAR MEANCHEY 2 Partnership

PC KAMPONG CHAM 4 Partnership

PC KOH KONG 1 Partnership

PC KAMPONG THOM 2 Partnership

PC PREY VENG 2 Partnership

PC SVAYRIENG 2 Partnership



Human Resources: - All staff in place in early January 2016. - A part-time Communications Assistant was hired from 4th Apr 2016. - Two staff left the project (Gender Specialist: 15th April 2016, Field Coordinator based

in Prey Veng: 20th May 2016). Two new staff were recruited and have started with us in July 2016.

- One driver position was delayed and planned to start from late November 2016. - Orientation and code of conduct training for new staff was conducted in March and

July 2016. - Compliance and Fraud Orientation to all staff has been provided on 28th April 2016

by COP & Finance team.

V. CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS OR PROPOSED ACTION

ISSUES / CHALLENGES SOLUTIONS / RECOMMENDATION

Work with NCCT: Slow progress The main challenge is NCCT’s permanent chair does not delegate tasks and power to other staff of NCCT. Many tasks required NCCT to take action at same time which caused delayed activities (i.e. organizing TOT on ID guidelines, meeting on M&E system development, pilot project in Poipet).

CTIP will work closely with NCCT to prioritize tasks and to advocate for more delegation of authority and better assignments of roles and responsibilities.

CTIP observed that chairs of PCCT’s secretariats still lack knowledge on human trafficking, and misunderstand the roles and responsibilities of PCCT. They take time discussing social issues like rape, drug use, and robberies, domestic violence, and other security issues and not TIP.

CTIP will work to strengthen the PCCT’s capacity on human trafficking issues by providing them training and orientations, and will discuss roles and responsibilities to improve the effectiveness of their work.

ADHOC ADHOC staff, due to the ongoing court case against the organization for corruption (politically motivated) cannot fully implement agreed activities and work of Central Office has been severely limited. Several staff members, including the director have left Cambodia fearing arrest.

Although ADHOC managed to almost reach its targets, there were delays and slow expenditure. Winrock will continue to monitor and assess their capacities to decide whether or not to extend their contract in year 2. If the partnership with ADHOC cannot work due to their present standing with government other partners such as IJM and LSCW will cover their tasks.

NCCT’s Victim Identification Form is being misapplied during police investigations. The National Committee’s Victim Identification guideline is a good screening tool for lay persons who are first responders to a possible case of trafficking. However, the guidelines are not well-suited for police interviews, which focus more on the victim’s story or narrative, and have the objective of building a case against suspects rather than simply identifying victims. The AHTJP are receiving pressure from the National Committee to use the tool for their interviews, and this is hampering their ability to effectively investigate.

CTIP will organize a forum with NCCT to bring up this issue, with the aim of coming up with practical ways of enforcing relevant agreements and systems contained in the newly approved ID guidelines.



Target beneficiaries and their needs have been identified for providing livelihood assistance. But due to the delay of approval on the restricted items, some types of livelihood support for target beneficiaries including victims of human trafficking are pending.

The amendment of CTIP cooperative agreement is in the process. All the restricted items along with justification have been included. Once the restricted items are approved, CTIP partners will take actions in response to needs of target beneficiaries.

OI increased budget While the original budget for the project was designed to build the employment platform only, it has become clear that for the service need a communication campaign directed by Open Institute, with its own separate budget.

While Winrock has advanced funds previously earmarked for later years for research in year 1 and year 2, the amount left for years 3 and 4 will not be sufficient to operate the service. Further funding will be necessary, either from other partners or from the project itself. Winrock has already a verbal agreement with IOM to support activities in next years.

Safe Migration? It remains a challenge to inform people on safe migration, when currently all options to migrate present risks. Legal migration is not always safe and the high cost make it not accessible to most. There is also the risk to give only anti-migration messages to people, by only talking about risks when research actually shows that most gain from migration and it can be a good opportunity for the poorest.

Winrock, with other stakeholders will continue the discussion on safe migration and define messages that are responsive to needs and practical. Winrock is following closely a pilot program to send migrants legally at low cost, implemented by a RA and if successful, it may become a good practice to promote.

Private partnerships Many agreements are under process, but only one was signed.

Winrock expects to reach much better results in year 2 and the grants manager will be more involved in PPP to support COP.

Monitoring supply chain No result in year one. This remains the project’s only clear underperformance and needs strong action.

Winrock is selecting a new partner to reach important results in year 2. The job seeking platform will also play a role to improve labor conditions.

Impact Evaluation As explained in a previous section, the IE planned by USAID and performed by NORC has determined several changes to the project with possible consequences on final results.

Winrock will document carefully all changes and keep USAID informed on possible consequences. Nevertheless, Winrock will continue to collaborate with NORC and keep NORC informed about possible re-adjustments in the implementation plan.

High Burn Rate Year 2 will be clearly the one of highest cost for the project, since many important activities have to be at full speed, to slow down in year 3 and 4 to become more sustainable. USAID has informed about possible delays in funding.

Winrock will need to monitor extremely carefully and give priorities to some activities more needed for later sustainability.

Pilot Project at Poipet The idea of a pilot project in Poipet to monitor migration and TIP and gather data is extremely interesting, but it can be of high cost and Winrock did not previously allocate any budget for it.

Winrock will try to mobilize funds from other sources and try to get support from Microsoft for reduced costs.

Extension of Bong Pheak to Thai employers It is very important and needed to include Thai employers

Winrock, OI and IOM will discuss the best strategy to extend the platform to Thai employers without losing



in the job seeking platform, but it can be difficult to assess compliance of the Thai employers and RGC can dislike the initiative perceived as pull factor to migrate cross-border.

support from the government.

VI. PLANNED TARGETS FOR YEAR 2

Sub-award target plan for year 2: - Sub-grants assessed and contracts extended; - 2 New Sub-grants signed to increase project’s results on monitoring the supply chain; - 1 Sub-contract signed to work on financial literacy; - 1 Agreement with Microsoft partner.

PREVENTION IR 1: Enhanced national & local strategies to prevent TIP Planned Targets for year 2:

- At least 10 private sector partners providing material, in-kind, technical, and financial support towards TIP prevention;

- 10 Agreements signed with local employers for internships; - 150 employers involved in the job search platform; - 6 NGOs and 2 GOs signed agreement for cooperation; - 1 Agreement with MoEYS; - Microsoft partner supporting the development of TIP ID database; - 50 work sites improved compliance; - 100 employees approximately trained; - 10 workers assisted with legal support; - Assessment on supply chain of a foreign company; - NCCT’s midterm review report finalized; - Recommendations from the evaluation addressed; - M&E plan for monitoring the implementation of NPA strengthened; - PPA 2017 in 9 provinces developed and budget 2017 allocated for implementing PPAs.

PREVENTION Sub-IR 1.1: Improved Knowledge attitudes and behaviors on safe migration Planned Targets for year 2:

- BCC revised to address all recommendations from baseline and to better reach discriminated groups assessed in year 1 and to better integrate prevention of gender discrimination;

- Eco-bag and information cards with hotline numbers (10,000 items); - USB toolkit by Winrock and training; - USB toolkit by BBC media action and training; - Partnership with BBC Media Action for road show; - 250 key informants trained (youth, journalists, LAs, others); - 20 Radio talk Shows; - 3 comedy shows; - Partnership with radio ABC; - Film Festival; - Facebook page for Cambodian Migrants in the region; - 12 December and 30 July campaigns.

PREVENTION Sub-IR 1.2: Improved Ability of at Risk Population to address economic root causes of TIP



Planned targets for year 2:

- 50 communes implemented integrated approaches to address root causes of TIP; - 25 communes received livelihood support (treatment 1 of IE); - 25 communes received information on local job opportunities and trained on soft skills

(treatment 2 of IE); - 25 communes are control group for IE; - 6,000 ARPs will receive livelihood support to address vulnerabilities to TIP (agriculture,

financial literacy; - Available services, livelihood related trainings activities, vocational training; - 1,650 abused migrants will receive assistance; - At least 500 ARPs from identified socially discriminated groups (Cham, Ethnic Vietnamese,

LGBT, sex workers) receive livelihood support; - 2,500 people selected randomly by NORC will receive information on job opportunities and

trained on soft skills; - # of Commune investment plans and commune development plans revised to address

vulnerable population’s practical need and strategic need; - 10 assisted communes allocating and accessing funds for TIP prevention activities.

PROTECTION Sub-IR 2.1: Improved victim identification and support Planned Targets year 2:

- Training reading materials on ID developed and endorsed; - 100 frontline officials and service providers trained; - Coding system developed for victim identification; - Consultant selected to provide IT support for implementing the national ID system; - System piloted in BMC; - 600 TIP victims are identified and assisted with 50% of assisted victims of TIP accessing

multiple services; - At least 10 victims from identified socially discriminated groups (Cham, Ethnic Vietnamese,

LGBT, sex workers) assisted; - 50% of assisted TIP victims reporting improved livelihoods; - 50 TIP victims and 50 abuses migrants received the vocational skills training; - 30 TIP victims and 30 abuses migrants provided with grant supports; - 60 TIP victims and 60 abuses migrants provided with livelihood training and financial

education training; - Advocacy started for a national fund to compensate identified victims; - 30 TIP victims referred by trained local authorities.

The specific objective of the contracts with service providers will focus on:

• Provide relevant effective and qualitative reintegration support to TIP victims and returned abused migrants (internal and cross-border);

• Build community safety nets to protect survivors; • Increase access to and quality of available services.

The service providers will agree to provide reintegration services to: • Identified victims of TIP (Following National Standard for identification) of any

nationality, sex and age; • Returned abused migrants (including migrants from rural Cambodia to urban

Cambodia) of any nationality, sex and age.



The main services provided will continue to be: • Voluntary repatriation and travel back home or to a new community; • Psychological counselling; • Legal aid; • Vocational skill training; • Business grants; • Internships; • Job placements; • Fostering families; • Educational support; • Financial literacy training; • Short term shelter support.

PROTECTION Sub-IR 2.2: Strengthened protection support networks Planned Targets year 2:

- 400 local authorities and community leaders trained on TIP identification, victim protection, minimum standards for victim services;

- 100 people from services providers trained on the Guidelines for Forms and Procedures for Identification of Victims of Human Trafficking, and on community-based aftercare guidelines;

- 35 CTIP partners and 30 DoSAVY officials received capacity building on case management and social work skills;

- A network of survivor of human trafficking established, functions and capacity building provided to leaders and members of the network (15 people) on ID of TIP, and on soft skill such as basic facilitation skill, advocacy skill, planning;

- Piloting Family Protection Network (FPN) in selecting 6 target communes of the 3 provinces, SVR, KCM, and SRP in collaboration with Plan International;

- MoU between RGC and Chinese Government signed and enforced; - MoU between RGC and Vietnamese Government revised and enforced; - Policy recommendations from regional workshop among sending countries prepared; - CSOs policy recommendations on strategies to address trafficking on fishing vessels and

trafficking of brides regionally initiated (through Labor Forum).

PROSECUTION Sub-IR 3.1: Increased access to legal services Planned Targets year 2:

- 50% increase in convictions under TIP law filed in 4 target provinces; - 60 assisted TIP cases resulting in conviction and/or compensation; - 6 workshops; - Regularly updated report on the justice system’s response to labor trafficking crimes in

representative provinces; - Regular meeting conducted of TWG on UIA.

PROSECUTION Sub-IR 3.2: Increased capacity of criminal justice actors to prosecute TIP Planned Targets year 2:

- Training curriculum produced and ready for the training; - 100 police officers trained;



- 7 inspections to workplaces to detect labor trafficking conducted.

pdf.usaid.govpdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/pa00mx52.pdf · cambodia countering trafficking -in-persons...

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