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PatriarchateFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A patriarchate is the office or jurisdiction of a patriarch. A patriarch, as the term is used here, is either

one of the highest-ranking bishops in Eastern Orthodoxy, earlier, the five that were included in the Pentarchy: Rom

Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem, but now nine, excluding Rome and including patriarchs of

Bulgaria, Serbia, Russia, Georgia, and Romania; or

one of ten[1] high-ranking[2] bishops of Catholicism: seven "patriarchs of the east" (six who are heads of Eastern

Catholic Churches and the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem), and the Patriarchs of Lisbon, Venice, and the East Indies

one of the specific patriarchs of the various Oriental Orthodox and Nestorian churches.

The five patriarchs of the Pentarchy sat in Rome, Constantinople (now Istanbul), Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem. TheEast-West Schism of 1054 split the Latin-speaking see of Rome from the four Greek-speaking patriarchates, forming distRoman C atholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches. The Eastern Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch moved to Damascus in the

3th century, during the reign of the Egyptian Mamelukes, conquerors of Syria. In Damascus a Christian community hadourished since apostolic times (Acts 9). However, the patriarchate is still called the Patriarchate of Antioch, somewhatimilar to continuance of the name "Patriarchate of Constantinople". Damascus is the seat also of the Syrian Catholic and

Melkite Catholic Patriarchs of Antioch, while the Maronite Catholic of Antioch lives in Bkerké, Lebanon.[3]

The four early Orthodox patriarchates of the East, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem, along with theirounterpart in the West, Rome, are distinguished as "senior" (Greek: πρεσβυγενή, presbygen ē , "senior-born") or "ancienπαλαίφατα, palaíphata , "of ancient fame") and are among the apostolic sees, having had one of the Apostles or Evange

as their first bishop: Andrew, Mark, Peter, James, and Peter again, respectively.

A patriarchate has "legal personality" in some legal jurisdictions, that means it is treated as a corporation. For example, thOrthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem filed a lawsuit in New York, decided in 1999, against Christie's Auction House, disputhe ownership of the Archimedes Palimpsest.

The head of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church is also called a Patriarch.

References

1. ^ Annuario Pontificio 2012, pp. 3-8. The title of "Patriarch of the West" for the Pope is no longer in use.

2. ^ In his motu proprio [http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/ paul_vi/motu_proprio/documents/hf_p-vi_motu-proprio_19650211_a

purpuratorum_lt.html Ad Purpuratorum Patrum of 11 February 1965, Pope Paul VI decreed that Eastern Catholic Patriarchs

became cardinals would be ranked as Cardinal Bishops, not Cardinal Priests, as had previously been the case, and that the

would yield precedence only to the six Cardinal Bishops who hold the titles of the suburbicarian sees.

3. ^ Annuario Pontificio 2012, pp. 3-5

See also

Apostolic See

Bishop

Episcopal See

Holy See

External links

"Patriarch and Patriarchate" (http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11549a.htm). Catholic Encyclopedia . New York:

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