owt annual report sumbar 07-05-2012

March, 2012 ANNUAL REPORT

Edi Purwanto & Ujang S. Irawan 1

Chapter I

Introduction

1.1 Background

Since November 2007 to April 2011, Operation Wallacea Trust (OWT) has been supporting the

implementation of an environmental pilot-project – commonly quoted as ‘PNPM-Green’ – under

the Government of Indonesia’s (GOI) National Program for Community Empowerment in Rural

Areas (Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat–PNPM-Rural). The PNPM-Green is a pilot

program within PNPM - Rural that aimed at developing and integrating a sustainable natural

resources management (NRM) strategy into the PNPM-Rural. The development objective of

PNPM-Green is that rural communities in target locations benefit from improved NRM and use of

renewable energy (RE) technology. Operationally, PNPM-Green follows the same community-

driven development (CDD) approach as PNPM-Rural - block grants are disbursed from the

national/state budget at the sub-district level to finance local development activities that have been

selected by communities through a gender-inclusive, competitive, participatory process. PNPM-

Green differs from PNPM-Rural in that it is currently only active in selected locations within 10

target provinces, and the block grants disbursed are specifically earmarked to support community

investments in ‘green sub-projects’– an environmentally supportive activities focused on NRM,

conservation, and RE. Additionally, PNPM-Green finances supplemental technical assistance for

its beneficiaries, delivered through GOI-contracted consultants/facilitators and through Civil

Society Organization (CSO). The pilot has initially been developed in Sulawesi (2008) and

supported by CIDA, and since 2009, the pilots have been expanded to Sumatera, following the

support by three other donors: from the Netherlands, Denmark, and Australia.

OWT is a (CSO has agreement with the World Bank to support the implementation of PNPM-

Green project in SE-Sulawesi Province (2007- to date). Since March 2010, OWT has had

agreement with the Danish Embassy to support catchment rehabilitation campaigns in the upper

catchments of Micro-hydro Power (MHP) construction sites funded by PNPM-Green in Mamasa

and Luwu Utara Districts; ‘Capacity Building on Catchment Areas Management and Conservation

to Sustain MHP schemes’ (1.MRD.16-3). Measures such as community-enforced catchment area

management and protection are essential for sustaining water flow to ensure the operation of MHP

schemes. Improved natural resources management (NRM) practices will also provide other

benefits and services to the participating communities including reducing soil erosion and

increasing rainfall retention etc.

Since April 2010, with fund support of the Danish Embassy (Danida), OWT has delivered

trainings, awareness rising and technical assistance, and facilitated the development of village

nursery and catchment areas planting campaigns. Project duration in Sulawesi was one year

(March 2010 – February 2011). Full intervention (training, awareness raising, technical assistance

and facilitation were provided for 6 village models, 5 villages in Mamasa (Tawalian Timur,

Orobua Selatan, Mambuliling, Salomo Kanan and Salutambun Barat) and 1 village in Luwu Utara

(Tulak Talu). Training on catchment area management was delivered to all PNPM-Green

facilitators in Sulawesi and (Green) PNPM actors at (sub) district and village level in Mamasa and

Luwu Utara Districts.



Since March 2011, we started working in Agam District, West Sumatera Province. Intensive

facilitation has been conducted in the following area: (a) Nagari Salareh Aia1, Palembayan Sub-

District; (b) Nagari Pagadih, Palupuh Sub-District and (c) Nagari Malalak Selatan, Malalak Sub

District.

Subsequently to the previous activity during the first year in Mamasa and Luwu Utara District of

West Sulawesi Province, activities in Agam District (West Sumatera Province) also include the

following activities: training, awareness raising, technical assistance and facilitation. These

activities have received a very good response from the community, PNPM-Green consultants, the

nagari administration, as well as the sub-district and district government.

However, the activities in West Sulawesi Province only focusing on PLTMH, while in West

Sumatera Province the PLTMH activity is included as one of the activities in PNPM-Green.

Therefore, on the field level, OWT has also taken part in conducting trainings and technical

assistance for several NRM activities (i.e. developing nursery, planting, and bokashi-making) and

RE (i.e. building installation for making biogas) that is included in PNPM-Green programs in

Agam District during 2010-2011.

The report is outlined our activities in West Sumatera from March 2011 – February 2012.

1 Nagari is a customary defined administrative area boundary inherited by Minangkabau (the dominant ethnic group in

West-Sumatra Province) geo-political structure (Langgam). ‘Nagari’ is equal to ‘desa’ (village), but the administrative

area is normally larger than desa, the area size and population of one nagari may be equal to 2-5 villages (big village),

the Area of Nagari Salareh Aia (16,000 ha). The New Order era had nationalized indigenous and diverse village

governance systems which were already in existence before 1945, among others, the nagari system in Minangkabau

was changed into ‘desa’ (Law No. 5/1979). In the decentralization era, after promulgation of Law No. 22/1999 on

local governance, West Sumatra Province enacted Law No 9/2000 which reverts from ‘desa’ into indigenous ‘nagari’

governance system. One Nagari is composed of several Jorong (sub-village).



II. General Conditions of Project Site

2.1. General Conditions

Agam District lies between 0 01'34'' - 0 28'43'' South and 99 46'39'' – 100 32'50'' East, extends

from mountainous upland into coastal areas. The altitude ranges from 0 – 2,891 m above sea level.

It is a typical volcanic landscape in the tropics; many areas in the District have beautiful scenery

and comfortable weather conditions. Temperature ranges from cool to warm in the lowland areas.

The District is located in the western part of the Bukit Barisan Mountain range. The geology is

volcanic in origin, dominated by Andosols, a typical fertile soil developed on recent volcanic

deposits. Water resources are abundant with low turbidity (suspended-load) due to the stable

substrate. Lake Maninjau, one of the largest lakes in West-Sumatera, is located in the District.

Annual rainfall ranges from 2,500 – 3,000 mm.

The natural vegetation is rain forest (now degraded in most places) and dominated by suren (Toona

sureni). The dominant population is the Minangkabau ethnic group and is mostly Moslem. The

main source of income of local community is from irrigated rice farming; farmers also plant

coffee, cocoa, rubber, Cassia vera (Cinnamomum burmanii/kayu manis2), and gambir (Ucaria

gambir Roxb.) in the rain-fed land. Oil-palm plantations have started to dominate land-use in the

lowland area.

2.2. Identified environmental problems

In the last decades, rapid land cover changes (deforestation) have occurred in Sumatera, leading to

frequent environmental disasters and human-wildlife conflicts. For West Sumatera, natural forest

and other traditional land-use (agroforestry) conversion to oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and gambir

(Ucaria gambir Roxb.) have been significant, compared to conversion to other land-uses (such as

industrial forest estate, rubber and Cassia vera/kayu manis plantations) which are common in the

neighboring provinces (Jambi, Riau, Bengkulu Provinces). Both species are tolerant in a wide

range of soil types, as long as it is well watered. Conversion of tropical forest to oil palm occurs in

the lowland areas, while gambir is mostly planted in the upland areas. Both have contributed to

rapid deforestation, biodiversity-loss, forest fires, carbon emissions, water yield reduction and loss

of landscape aesthetics.

2.2.1. Uncontrolled smallholder Gambir plantation development in the upland area

Gambir is a light demanding shrub plant of the Rubiaceae family which grows well between

altitudes from 300 – 800 m asl. The extracted leaves and branches produce tanin, catechin and

pyrocatechol. Gambir is used as a raw material for products ranging from medicine, food,

cosmetics, and textiles to leather processing industries. This is a product specific to West Sumatera

Province that around 80% of the world demand is met by the province with destination countries

being: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, France, and Switzerland. The

development of gambir plantations in Agam District is very destructive to the environment.

2 Cinnamomum burmanii is native to Southeast Asia. This species has aromatic oils in its leaves and bark.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf



Most of the smallholder gambir plantations are established through slash and burn of the remaining

natural forest in the hilly terrain. Gambir is high water and nutrient demanding while there have

been lacking of soil and water conservation measures or actions to maintain and restore soil

fertility. After 3-5 years, the plantation becomes unproductive and new forest is cut to open more

plantation areas. Such bad practices are common in several areas and dramatically degrading

landscape aesthetics as well as the ‘sponge effects’ of mountain forest. The rate of deforestation is

strongly correlated with the market price.

2.2.2. Uncontrolled smallholder oil palm plantation development in the upland area

Since 2005, Indonesia has been the world’s largest and most rapidly growing source of palm oil.

Its wet tropical climate provides ideal growing conditions for the palm. Land is abundant and labor

is cheap. Most oil palm production in Indonesia comes from Sumatera, but it is expanding rapidly

in Kalimantan and spreading further east to Papua. So far, it is still debatable whether oil palm

provides a valuable route to sustainable development or a costly road to environmental

degradation. Oil palm development involves many tradeoffs. Oil palm is often a major driver of

economic growth and a source of alternative fuel, but it also threatens traditional livelihoods and

the rich biological diversity; it destroys the landscape beauty and increases global carbon

emissions. The boom of oil palm in West Sumatera has attracted upland community to plant oil

palm, without caring to the suitability rate of the land for oil palm. As results, many sloping areas

in the upland area have been converted into smallholder oil palm plantation at the expense of forest

and agroforestry land use.

2.2.3. Downstream Hydrological Effects

The downstream effects of gambir and upland oil palm plantations have been obvious, flooding in

the lowland areas is common, inundated rice field and fish ponds, while during the dry season,

many of the rice field and fish ponds dry-up due to lack of water supply. The dramatic

hydrological changes are compounded by the steep river gradients and the relatively short

distances between upstream and downstream areas in West Sumatera.

2.3. Main causes of the problems

2.3.1. Lack of awareness on NRM and Financial Investment

Most farmers are not aware that oil palm development needs high input and maintenance cost,

while not all types of land are suitable for the plantation. Farmers are also weak on farm

investment analysis leading to sub-optimal decisions on land management. The most common

excuse to cut forest for oil palm is because their ‘neighbours’ do so, because big plantation

companies in the lowland areas gains huge benefits from oil palm, unfortunately, local community

have poor awareness on the difference soil and landscape characteristics, the difference

management intensity and financial conditions between large scale company and smallholder

farmers..



The absence of soil and water conservation measures on rainfed (sloping land) agriculture has led

to high farming investment. Farmers needlessly waste precious domestic and natural resources,

such as cutting and burning pristine forest and abandon their unproductive farms. Shifting

cultivation still occurs in Agam District (for gambir plantation), due to the absence of simple soil

and water conservation measures, such as building simple terraces or soil pits for controlling soil

loss. Farmers are not aware on the rich organic material source from rice fields to replenish their

rainfed land fertility.

2.3.2.. Village Level: Poor NRM governance and capacity in development planning

The rampant environmental degradation at village level, such as uncontrolled deforestation,

building housing areas or cultivating annual crops on extreme slope terrain, strongly indicates the

poor NRM governance at village level.

Based on Government Regulation No. 72/2006 on Village Administration and Law No 32/2009

on local Governance, the ‘village’ as the smallest unit of autonomous administration has right to

decide their own provision. The village has the right to define: (a) Village Regulations; (b) village

development budget and (c) collaboration with third parties (business companies, other villages

etc.). In many cases, the village is lacking independence due to weak NRM governance. As a

result, village natural resources (NR) have suffered from the exploitation by outsiders.

The hierarchy of bottom-up development planning, from Musrenbang Kecamatan (Development

planning consultative meeting at sub-district level) to Musrenbang Kabupaten (Development

planning consultative meeting at district level) often fail to incorporate development ideas

(proposals) from bottom (village) level, while the village development planning document is often

unclear and not well-prepared. As a result, district development planning is often developed on the

basis of District Agency’s (SKPD3) set up rather than being the compilation of village

development planning assembled through Musrenbang Kecamatan and Kabupaten. Consequently,

village developments often failed to address the real needs of local community or improving local

community livelihoods and environment.

Since 2010, PNPM-Green has been promoting the formulation of RPJM-Desa (Rencana

Pembangunan Jangka Menengah), Medium-term (5 years) village development planning. Since

2011 all development support at village level should refer to such documents. At this moment, the

quality of those documents are still poor: (a) Not well-prepared; (b) the development ideas are

dominantly suggested from village elite’s initiatives; (c) Much emphasis on infrastructure

development; and (d) village development planning is based on administrative, rather than

catchment boundary unit.

2.3.3. (Sub) District Level: Poor NRM governance and capacity in development planning

The success of decentralization depends upon the availability of proper institutions and qualified

human resources in implementing all aspects of decentralization, as well as other supporting

factors, such as infrastructure, technology, information access, personnel, and institutional

capacity. Many newly proliferated districts, after decentralization in 20014, have insufficient

3 SKPD: Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah, technical agencies at district level.

4 Based on the issuance of Act No. 22 of 1999 (local governance), which come into effect on 1 January 2001.



human resources capacity. They often lack a simple map as a basis for NRM planning. As a result,

the NRM of different sectors often overlap.

There are still problems in the implementation of forestry decentralization, which have led to

uncontrolled forest logging after decentralization. A few months after the issuance of Act No.

22/1999, Forestry Act No. 41/1999 was passed. The implementation of these two acts has created

problems for the parties responsible for managing the forest and forest resources. Problems are

particularly severe between the central government (Ministry of Forestry) and local (district)

government agencies because of differing interpretations of the term decentralization. This has led

to misinterpretations when identifying responsible actors in forest management at district level.

Therefore, distribution of authority and roles has become an area of conflict among the parties

concerned. In addition, problems have emerged due to lacking of transparency and accountability

in managing and maintaining forest resources as a life-support system, rather than as a source of

timber only. Misperception regarding the implementation of decentralization in forestry sector at

district level in many areas was mainly caused by the local government administrators’ short-term

orientation: five years. As a result, the forest is perceived as a source of timber that generates local

revenues. Timber-cutting licenses are issued locally without sufficient regard for sustainability

principles, leading to rapid deforestation.



Chapter III

Project Start-up and Initial Facilitations

Project start-up in Agam District is composed of the following activities:

3.1. Selection of MHP catchment model and technical assistance

The survey was conducted during February to March 2011 in West Sumatera, Agam District. We

selected three MHP catchment models, i.e. (1) Nagari Salareh Aia, Palembayan Sub-District; (2)

Nagari Pagadih, Palupuh Sub District and (3) Nagari Malalak Selatan, Malalak Sub-District.

We defined MHP catchment area in Nagari Salareh Aia (Sikabau Catchment Area) as catchment

model meaning that the area receive full facilitation, training, awareness raising, intensive

facilitation and technical assistances; while MHP catchment area in Nagari Pagadih (Pagadih

Gadang Catchment Area) and Nagari Malalak Selatan (Malalak Catchment Area) receive training,

technical assistance and limited facilitations. After catchment model selection, we conducted initial

socialization to communities in designated areas.

Table 3.1. Biophysical conditions of selected project sites

No Aspects Nagari (Village)

Salareh Aia Pagadih Malalak Selatan

1

2

3

4

5

6

- Rain fall (mm/year)

- Altitude (asl)

- Topography

- Dominant Vegetation

- Soil depth

- Sub Watershed (DAS)

2000-2500

148-380

flat-hilly

Suren (Toona sureni),

manggis (Garcinia

mangostana), pinang

(Areca catechu),

durian (Durio

zibethinus), avocado

(Persea Americana)

deep

Masang Kiri

2500-3000

900-1100

hilly

Kayu

manis(Cinnamomum

sp), suren (Toona

sureni)

deep

Masang Kanan

2500-3000

700-900

Surging-hilly

Kayu

manis(Cinnamomum

sp), suren (Toona

sureni)

medium

Batang Naras



3.2. Set-up OWT Field Office

We have set up a field office in Nagari Salareh Aia. The site is located near the resident of Wali

Nagari Salareh Aia. Many stakeholders have visited the office for discussions and consultations.

The office, apart from serving as center of field management is also utilized as accommodation for

OWT staffs.

The office is equipped with: (a) training room with capacity for 30 persons; (c) computers and

LCD projector; (b) training modules and (c) stock of various orthodox species. The following

activities were conducted in the office during one year in Agam: (a) Fieldwork of Danida-

Renewable Energy Training Workshop (April 2011); (b) TPK and UPK training for areas

receiving MHP block-grant in Palembayan Sub-District; (c) Regular monthly coordination

meetings with PNPM-Green actors; (d) Catchment Area Management consultation for SPL and

Astal (PNPM-Green facilitators at district level) from all PNPM-Green target districts (8 July

2011); (e) showcases of environmental theme films (f) Meeting of Forestry and Farmers Group (g)

Visitor call (Forestry Department, Central PMD, PNPM administrators at nagari and sub district,

comparative study on biogas for people from Nagari Malalak, comparative study on nagari-based

nursery for FKL and UPK of Pasaman District).

3.3. MHP Catchment Area Mapping

We facilitated catchment area mapping in Nagari Salareh Aia involving key village staffs. This

activity was aimed at: (a) training of village key staff on catchment area mapping; (b) delineating

MHP catchment boundary; (c) mapping land cover condition; (d) mapping potential rehabilitation

sites. This activity was conducted during April and May 2011. We delineated three catchment

areas, i.e. (a) Batang Papo (2018 ha); (b) Batang Sikabau (5275 ha); and (c) Batang Sitalang (2665

ha). These mappings of area have produced four types of map in Nagari Salareh Aia, i.e.: (1) Map

of Catchment boundaries, (2) Map of Altitude, (3) Map of Soil Type, and (4) Map of Land Unit.

Samples of map types are presented in Figures 3.1- 3.4.



Figure 3.1. Some catchment area boundaries in Nagari Salareh Aia



Figure 3.2. The altitude of some catchment areas in Nagari Salareh Aia



Figure 3.3. The soil type of some catchment areas in Nagari Salareh Aia



Figure 3.4. Land unit map in Nagari Salareh Aia



Chapter IV

Project Socialization and Coordination

We conducted project socialization and coordination with various parties and stakeholders prior to

project implementation at field level. These activities were conducted from the provincial, district,

sub district to village level through formal meetings and informal visits. The objectives were to

introduce OWT roles on MHP catchment management capacity building and synergize activities

with relevant agencies (Forestry and environmental agencies at district level). The benefits of the

activities were: (a) We receive supports from government and private sectors; (b) Government and

local communities being aware on OWT roles in PNPM-Green.

4.1 Province Level

Socialization was initially conducted in conjunction with Danida-Renewable Energy Workshop

held at the Hill Hotel, Bukittinggi on January 20, 2011. Follow-up coordination meeting was held

on July 25, 2011 at Basco Hotel, Padang. The participants were composed of key government

official at province and district level, Astal from West Sumatera Province and WCS staff. The

topic discussions presented by Dr. Edi Purwanto included: (a) Watershed Management; (b) The

need to conserve recharge area (daerah resapan) in West Sumatera; (c) Catchment rehabilitation

strategy; (d) Progress and results of OWT facilitation in Agam District. The presentation received

valuable response from participants, while most participants expected OWT technical assistance

in all PNPM-Green target districts (not limited in Agam District).

4.2 District and sub-district level

At the district level, socialization and coordination were carried out through various events; (a)

Meeting with Head of BPMD (Rural Community Empowerment Agency), Head of Forestry

Department at district level, and Head of Environment Agency on 23 March 2011; (b) Meeting

with the Regent of Agam District on May 13, 2011. The Regent strongly supports planting

campaign in Agam District while Forestry Agency provided 10,000 seedlings to Nagari Salareh

Aia. On May 25, 2011, we facilitated socialization and coordination workshop at district level. The

workshop was attended by key government official at (sub) district level, target nagari, province

facilitator (SPL), district facilitator (Astal) and PT Agro Masang Perkasa (AMP). Socialization at

sub-district level was conducted through several informal meetings with District PJO and Head of

Sub-district.



4.3 Nagari Level

Table 4.1. Socialization at village level

No Location Activities Implementation

Time Frame

Number of

Participants

Male Female

1 Nagari

Salareh Aia Socialization with Wali Nagari, TPK

and Key Village Champions (KVC)

24 January 2011 8 1

Socialization with MHP beneficiaries

at Jorong Kayu Pasak Selatan

24 March 2011 16 14

Socialization with Youth Group in

Kayu Pasak Timur

13 May 2011 14 7

Socialization with Farmer fish breeder

‘Cahaya Tanjung’

15 May 2011 12 10

Socialization with ‘Sejahtera Bersama’

Farmer Group at, Jorong Kayu Pasak

Timur

22 May 2011 16 4

Socialization with nagari officials 6 May 2011 13 2

Socialization with ‘Alam Lestari’

Farmer Group at Jorong Koto Alam

30 June 2011 9 16

2 Nagari

Pagadih Socialization with TPK and KVC 22 January 2011 9 -

Socialization with nagari officials 20 May 2011 22 4

3 Nagari

Malalak

Selatan

Socialization with TPK and KVC 23 January 2011 8 -

Socialization with Nagari Government,

TPK and communities

31 March 2011 12 1

4.4 Socialization and Coordination with PNPM-Green facilitators at province level

Socialization and coordination was held during PNPM-Green Coordination meeting on 16 May 2011. This

meeting was attended by provincial BPMD, SPL, Astal, Green-facilitators, WCS and OWT. On that

meeting, OWT delivered the following topics: (a) flow of catchment management activities (Case study in

West Sulawesi and South Sulawesi); (b) example of budget for catchment management rehabilitation.



Chapter V

Training and Technical Assistances

5.1. Catchment Management Training National Level

Catchment management training national level was conducted for Sumatera region with

participants from 4 provinces (West Sumatera, Bengkulu, North Sumatera, and Aceh) and

Sulawesi region from 4 provinces (West Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, North Sulawesi, and Central

Sulawesi) for consultant level (FKL, Astal, and SPL) and PJOK level (at district and sub-district

level). Training for consultant level was conducted in a ‘Refresher Training’, while training for

PJOK was conducted through ‘Training on Technical Assistance for Government Personnel’. In

both trainings, OWT took part as resource person on Catchment Management topic.

A. Refresher Training for Consultants

We provided training on catchment area management and rehabilitation on Sumatera PNPM-Green

refresher training held on 8 October 2011 in Soechi Hotel, Medan. The second refresher training

for Sulawesi PNPM-Green was conducted on 20 October 2011 in Malino Hotel, South Sulawesi.

The topics of training materials discussed during the training were:

Dr. Edi Purwanto:

Definition of Watershed and Catchment Area

Recharge Area and its implication on catchment area rehabilitation

Forest watershed functions

Vegetative rehabilitation

Film “One catchment one management”

Ujang S. Irawan, M.Si. :

Plant growth factor

Tree species selection for rehabilitation

Seed collection and handling

Nursery development

Seedlings propagation technique

Planting technique

Plant maintenance technique

Agarwood cultivation

Rehabilitation for mangrove and coastal areas

Good and Bad Practices on seedlings propagation and planting

Film “Rehabilitation in Mamasa”

The participants were very enthusiastic to follow our lecture as our topic was directly related to

their day-to-day work. We answered and suggested solutions to common technical problems

encountered by Green facilitators.



The proportion in deliberation of training materials were different between the Sumatera region

and Sulawesi region. As for their first occasion, facilitators in Sumatera region were given lecture

on CM by OWT in 2:1 ratio between theoretical and discussion session, while for facilitators in

Sulawesi region have received 1:2 ratio between theoretical and discussion session after given the

same material through previous refresher training in North Toraja in August 2010. Such setting

provided more opportunity allowed for discussion with the participants. Topics of discussion

including ‘steps on catchment management planning’, seedling propagation of wildings, seed

handling and treatment, rehabilitation of mangrove and coastal area, species selection, and

propagation of jabon (Antocephalus cadamba).

B. Training for Government Officials

Training or technical assistance for government officials was participated by PJOK of PNPM-

Green from subdistrict and district level both for Sumatera and Sulawesi region. The training for

Sumatera region was held on November 9, 2011 in Hotel Soechi Medan, while training for

Sulawesi region was held on November 23, 2011 in Hotel Singgasana, Makassar. Several training

materials discussed during the training were the following : (1) Film “One Catchment One

Management”, (2) Film “Land Rehabilitation in Mamasa”, (3) Concept of Catchment Area

Management, (4) Vegetative Rehabilitation, (5) Strategy on Seedlings Propagation and Catchment

Rehabilitation, (6) OWT Experiences on Catchment Rehabilitation in West Sulawesi and West

Sumatera.

Personnel of PJOK were very enthusiastic during lecture presentation by OWT. We received many

questions and requests from the participants to acquire copies of presentation materials as well as

the films. During the discussion session, one of PJOK personnel from Mamasa District, Mr.

Philipus, specifically requested OWT to continue deploying technical assistance in forest and land

rehabilitation activities in Mamasa District.

C. Training for MHP Assistants of Sumatera and Sulawesi Region

On 31st January 2012, OWT took part in delivering presentation materials on ‘Strategies and

Sequences of Catchment Area Rehabilitation’ for Training of MHPAssistant in Sumatera and

Sulawesi region that took place in Novotel Hotel, Bandung – West Java. The main objective of

those presentations was to enhance ability of MHPassistants in the implementation of activities for

rehabilitation of catchment area within their facilitation sites. The presentation materials to address

the main objective were including (1) Concept of Catchment Management, (2) Mapping and

Planning for CA Rehabilitation, (3) Budget Planning for CA Rehabilitation, (4) Strategy on

Species Selection, (5) Seedlings Propagation, (6) Planting and Maintenance Technique, (7) Film

“One Catchment One Management” and “Land Rehabilitation in Mamasa.



D. Workshop on Renewable Energy

OWT was invited as one of the speakers in the Workshop on Renewable Energy on November 2nd

2011 at The Hills hotel in Bukittinggi. On this occasion OWT explained the experience in

facilitating the implementation of activities related to renewable energy such as construction of

biogas installation in SE Sulawesi Province and Agam District, and production of coconut shell

charcoal briquette in SE Sulawesi. This workshop event was attended by Astal, SPL, PJOK

District, and staff from Mining and Energy Department of the entire West Sumatera Province.

Recapitulation of training activities at national level is presented as follows:

Table 5.1. Summary of Training Conducted at National Level

No Training Venue and

Time

Training Materials Participants Number of

participants 1 Region of Sumatera

a. Refresher Training for

PNPM-Green

facilitators

Hotel Soechi-

Medan, 8

October 2011

- Concept of catchment

management

- Nursery and plantation

FKL, Astal, and

SPL

77

b. Training for

Government officials

Hotel Soechi-

Medan, 9

November

2011


management


PJOK of District

and Sub-district

45

2 Region of Sulawesi

a. Refresher Training for

PNPM-Green

facilitators

Hotel Malino-

South

Sulawesi, 20

October 2011


management


FKL, Astal, and

SPL

47

b. Training for

Government officials

Hotel

Singgasana-

South

Sulawesi, 23

November

2011


management


PJOK of District

and Sub-district

40

3 Region of Sumatera and Sulawesi

Training for MHP

Assistant

Hotel Novotel -

Bandung, 31

January 2012


management

- Planning of CA

Rehabilitation

- Nursery and Planting

SPL PLTMH,

MHP Assistants

35

Total 244



5.2. Training at District Level

On 16 November 2011, a Training of Trainers was held in Bukittinggi This training was attended

by all PL and TPK of PNPM-Green activities recipient sites in Agam District, i.e. Palembayan

Sub-district, Malalak Sub-district, and Pagadih Sub-district. The training emphasized on enhancing

ability of participants, especially the PL of PNPM-Green, to become trainers or resource persons

for activities related to CM in the future. It is expected that they will be able to provide explanation

and practices in implementing CM activities particularly linked to rehabilitation of CA. Most

participants of this training have attended previous training conducted by OWT in each of model

sites, therefore this training is set to focus more on deepening the comprehension of PL on each

topic and increase their ability in conducting training and technical assistance to targeted

benefiaciaries and stakeholders in similar activities for the next year period.

At district level OWT also presented results of implementation of CM activities in a workshop

organized by PMD of Agam District in Parai Hotel on 6th

December 2012. The event was attended

by the Head and staff of PMD of Agam District, head of sub-districts, the Wali Nagari, PNPM-

Green facilitators, PL, and TPK from entire Agam District. In addition to delivering result of CM

implementation, OWT also deliver presentation about facilitation of PNPM-Green activities on

biogas making. On this event, wali nagari(s) from other villages not included as location model,

requested OWT to facilitate rehabilitation in their nagari regions. Correspondingly, the Head of

the PMD requested that OWT technical assistance shall continue in order to complete a program

run and provide real benefits.

5.3 Training at Sub-District Level

OWT provided trainings on rehabilitation of CA at the sub-district level in Palembayan and

Malalak District. Trainings at sub-district level were attended TPK and community leaders from

PNPM-Green and MHPprogram recipient villages in 2010 and 2011. Training in Malalak Sub-

district was held at the Sub-district Office on 21st July 2011 about seed propagation and cultivation

techniques and on 2nd

August 2011 on biogas making. In Palembayan Sub-district, the training was

held on November 3, 2011 that specifically discussed about techniques for setting up nursery in

nagari.

5.4 Training at Village (Nagari) Level

OWT have delivered the following trainings: (a) Biogas Installation, (b) Mapping catchment area

using GPS, (c) Seedlings Propagation and Nursery Establishment, (d) Catchment Area

Rehabilitation Technique. These trainings were conducted at three sites, i.e.: Nagari Salareh Aia,

Palembayan Sub District; Nagari Pagadih, Palupuh Sub District and Malalak Sub District.



Table 5.2 Summary of Training Conducted at Nagari Level

No Training Venue and

Time

Training Materials Participants Number of

participants 1 Palembayan Sub-District

a. Biogas Installation Nagari Salareh

Aia, 18 April

2011

Introduction to Biogas

Practical application on

biogas installation

- Nagari

Officials

- Farmer

Group

members

22

b. Catchment area

mapping using GPS

Nagari Salareh

Aia, 18 April

2011

Mapping Concept

Practical application in

operating GPS

- Nagari

Officials

- Farmer

Group

members

22

c. Catchment

Rehabilitation Technique

Nagari Salareh

Aia, 25-26 Juni

2011

Catchment area

rehabilitation techniques

Flow of activities on

catchment area

rehabilitation

Village nursery

development


Bokashi-making

- Nagari

Officials

- Farmer

Group

members

- PNPM-

Green

facilitators

from

Pasaman

District

47

d. Planting and Tree

Maintenance

Nagari Salareh

Aia, 27

November

2011

Concept of Catchment Area

Seedlings selection criteria

for planting

Planting technique

Maintenance technique


planting

- Farmer

Group of

Kuto Alam

Sub-Village

30

e. Planting and Tree

Maintenance

Nagari

Baringin, 3

December 2011

Same as above - Farmer

group of

Nagari

Baringin

- Nagari

official

24

2 Palupuh Sub-District

Catchment Rehabilitation

Technique

Pagadih, 28

June 2011

same as Training on

catchment rehabilitation

technique at Salareh Aia

- Nagari

Officials

- Farmer

Group

members

-

33

Bokashi making -

3 Malalak Sub-District

Catchment Rehabilitation

Technique

Nursery of

Malalak

Selatan,

6 December

2011

Bokashi-making and

vegetative propagation of

durian

- Nagari

Officials

- Farmer

Group

members

15

Total 193



5.5 Technical Facilitation on Budget Planning

The allocation of fund is based on these principles (a) transparency; (b) addressing and

accommodating the needs of a greater beneficiary targets; (c) targeted activities and achievements

are compatible with the available resource; (d) Emphasis is given to the quality and not the

quantity, while the rehabilitation area was not large, but providing the best practices and areas to

learn from; (e) The available resources (budget) shall be spent in an efficient, effective, productive

and sustainable way. The most ideal situation, OWT should have an access to control the

proportion of budget (out of the BLM) set aside for catchment rehabilitation. Given it was beyond

our domain or the budget allocation for catchment rehabilitation had been defined before our

effective involvement in the project, then efforts were taken to facilitate the efficient use of

available resources.

The facilitation was conducted with Wali Nagari, TPK, Bamusna (Nagari Consultative Board),

KVC and representatives of local community. Facilitation on budget planning for catchment

rehabilitation was conducted in Nagari Salareh Aia and Pagadih. The facilitation began with

discussing step-by-step activities, and then followed with collecting ideas on the readily available

local resource which can be easily provided by local community. The budget allocation should

consider as much as possible to allow contribution of local resources and enable to sponsor some

steps of catchment rehabilitation actions. The budget description was defined based on price

standard used in Gerhan5.

Table 5.3 Example of cost breakdown for nursery development, planting and maintenance of

10,000 seedlings (8 ha) at Nagari Salareh Aia (all in IDR)

No

Budget Component

Amount

Unit

Cost per

unit

Total Cost

Fund

Sources

A. Nursery Development

1 Bamboo SS

2 Seedlings growing bed (bedeng sapih) 1x 5 m2 24 bed 20,000 480,000 BG

3 Roof for germination bed SS

4 Seed beds (bedeng tabur) SS

5 Potting media (soil, compost) SS

6 Nursery equipment SS

7 Poly-bags and non-indigenous seeds 10,000 polybag 20 200,000 CMP

8 Loading soil to poly-bags 12,000 polybag 50 600,000 BG

9 Transplanting seedlings 12,000 seedling 25 300,000 BG

10 Nursery maintenance 6 month 100,000 600,000 BG

11

Pesticides (fungicide, insecticide, herbicide)

and root growth hormone and other nursery

provision 1 Package 536,200 BG

5 Gerakan National Rehabilitasi Hutan dan Lahan/National Campaign for forest and land rehabilitation is a nation-wide catchment

rehabilitation campaign run by national government from 2004-2008.



Sub-total 2,716,200 17 %

B. Planting

1 Bamboo stakes (ajir) 12,000 stake 50 600,000 BG

2 Compost

SS

3

Land clearing and planting strips (6 mds/ha x

35,000 = 210,000) 8 ha 210,000 1,680,000 BG

4

Planting strip and space (3 mds/ha x 35,000=

105,000)

8 ha 105,000 840,000 BG

5 Installing stakes (2 mds/ha x 35.000= 70,000) 8 ha 70,000 560,000 BG

6

Planting holes and weeding surrounding the

hole (11 mds/ha x 35,000 =385,000) 8 ha 385,000 3,080,000 BG

7

Transport of seedlings to planting holes (2

mds/ha x 35,000=70,000) 8 ha 70,000 560,000 BG

8

Transporting compost to planting holes (3

mds/ha x 35,000=105,000) 8 ha 105,000 840,000 BG

9

Planting of seedlings (6 mds/ha x 35.000 =

210,000) 8 ha 210,000 1,680,000 BG

Sub-total 9,840,000 62%

C. Maintenance of the current year

1 Fertilizing (2 mds/ha x 35.000=70,000) 8 ha 70,000 560,000 BG

2 Replanting (2 mds/ha x 35.000=70,000) 8 ha 70,000 560,000 BG

3

Weeding/tillage (8 mds/ha x35.000= 280,000)

8

ha

280,000 2,240,000

BG

Sub-total

3,360,000

21%

Grand total (A+B+C) 15,916,200 100%

Remarks: mds = man-days, CMP = Catchment Management Program, BG=Block-grant, SS = Self-Supporting

(swadaya).

5.6 Technical Facilitation on Species Selection

We facilitated activities for species selection involving local communities and nagari officials.

Species selection was based on three aspects, namely: (a) environmental aspect (site suitability and

soil and water conservation function); (b) social aspect (familiarity/well-known and easy-

growing); (c) economic aspect (marketability). Based on growth rate and utilization, the selected

species are sorted into three groups, i.e.: (a) high quality timber species, such as mahoni, suren,

madang, kayu afrika (Maesopsis eminii); (b) fast-growing species, among others are: sengon

(Albizia falcataria), gmelina (Gmelina arborea), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), and (c) fruit

tree species such as: jack fruit (Arthocarpus heterophyllus), durian (Durio zibethinus), avocado

(Persea Americana), and sirsak (Anona muricata).



5.7 Technical Facilitation on Seed Collection

Seed collection was set based on local and exotic species. Seeds of durian (Durio zibethinus),

petai (Parkia speciosa), suren (Toona sureni), and avocado (Persea americana) were collected

from local trees found throughout the villages. Mahoni (Swietenia mahagony), suren (Toona

sureni), jati putih (Gmelina arborea), sengon (Albizia falcataria), and kayu Afrika were collected

(bought) from tree stand in PTPN VIII in Cisarua-Bogor. Sirsak (Anona muricata) were not

collected from forest seed source but were bought from Bogor market. Jabon (Anthocephalus

cadamba) were collected from tree stand in Rumpin-Bogor (See Table 5.4).

Seed collecting was completed by OWT staff (Ujang S. Irawan and Andijarso), local tree climber

(Pak Kamed), MoF staff (Pak Atep), KOICA Staff (Kusnadi), BIOTROP staff (Hoerudin). Seed

of mahoni, sengon, and suren were collected by climbing the tree while other seeds were collected

from fallen seeds under tree crown. List of location for seed collection from Seed Source in Java

is presented below:

Table 5.4 List of Seed Collection, Quantity, Storage Technique, and Treatments

No Species Quantity Storage Germination

Treatments

Location Institution

1 Swietenia

macrophylla

40 kg Gunny

sack, semi

ortodox

No

treatements,

direct sowing

Carita

(Banten

Province) and

Cianjur

(West Java

Province)

FORDA and

Perhutani KPH

Cianjur

2 Gmelina arborea 3 kg Plastic bag,

semi

ortodox

Soaked in cold

water 24 ours

Dramaga-

Bogor

FORDA

3 Paraserianthes

falcataria

5 kg Plastic bag,

ortodox

Soaked in hot

wter 3 minute

and cold water

12 ours

Kediri (East

Java)

Perhutani KPH

Kediri

4 Maesopsis

eminii

5 kg Plastic bag,

recalsitrant

No

treatements,

direct sowing

Cisarua-

Bogor

PTPN VIII

5 Arthocarpus

heterophyllus*

40 kg Gunny

sack,

recalsitrant

No

treatements,

direct sowing

Bogor Bogor market

6 Toona sureni 5 kg Plastic bag,

semi

ortodox

No

treatements,

direct sowing

Cisarua-

Bogor

PTPN VIII

7 Anona muricata 10 kg Plastic bag,

ortodox

To be broken

by forcep

Bogor Bogor market

8 Anthocephalus

cadamba

0.2 kg Plastic bag,

ortodox

No

treatements,

direct sowing

Rumpin

Bogor

Rumpin Seed

Source and

Nursery Center



5.8 Technical Assistance on Village Nurseries Development

Technical assistance on nursery development was conducted in (a) Nagari Salareh Aia; (b) Nagari

Pagadih and (c) Nagari Malalak Selatan. Technical assistance included: (a) selection of nursery

sites; (b) establishment of germination beds; (c) growth media preparation; (d) nursery

maintenance; (e) Bokashi-making shed; (f) rice husk charcoal making; (g) pest and disease

controls, etc.

We have facilitated the establishment and technical assistances on six village nurseries: (1) two

nurseries in Nagari Salareh Aia: Jorong Kayu Pasak Timur (30,000 seedlings) and Jorong Kayu

Pasak Selatan/MHP Nursery (10,000 seedlings), (2) two nurseries in Nagari Pagadih: Jorong

Pagadih Mudiak (10,000 seedlings) and Jorong Banio Baririk (30,000 seedlings); and two

nurseries in Malalak Sub-district: Jorong Nyiur, Nagari Malalak Selatan (15,000 seedlings) and

Jorong Salimpuang, Nagari Malalak Utara (30,000 seedlings).

Village Nursery in Jorong Kayu Pasak Timur, Nagari Salareh Aia was established to be a Central

Training Nursery for village level in Agam District. Being the largest and purposefully located on

a highly accessible location in Nagari Salareh Aia, this nursery already received visitors from

district and sub-district government officials, students, PNPM-Green facilitators, and farmer

groups. It is aimed at becoming: (a) learning center for Salareh Aia community and surrounding

areas; (b) central nursery to develop perennial and annual crop seedlings; (c) demonstration site for

organic fertilizer production.

During facilitation by OWT, the village nursery has produced about 30,000 seedlings from

generative propagation technique. The seedlings were divided into three tree groups: (1) High

Quality Tree Species: suren, mahoni, kayu afrika, madang, Shorea selanica, (2) Fast-growing

species: sengon, gmelina, jabon, (3) Multi-purpose tree species and fruit species: durian, jack fruit,

avocado, mangosteen, sirsak (soursop), and gaharu (agarwood).

The fruit species has a great potential to be developed using vegetative propagation (grafting

technique) on the next period of technical assistances by OWT. Vegetative propagation will

increase community interest on seedlings propagation and planting of such species because of

(relatively) shorter time to yield (quicker benefit) if compare to generative propagation.

At present, village nurseries, especially in Salareh Aia, have plenty of fruit seedlings that

developed from generative propagation in previous year. These seedlings are potential rootstock

for vegetative propagation using grafting technique with good quality of scion obtained from

selected trees species in Nagari Salareh Aia. Some fruit seedlings could be propagated by grafting

technique in Salareh Aia Village i.e.: durian (Durio zibethinus), jack fruit (Arthocarpus

heterophyllus), sirsak (Anona muricata), avocado (Persea americana), and mangosteen (Garcinia

mangostana).



5.9 Technical Assistance on Biogas Installation

Utilizing PNPM-Green block-grant funding (2010), we facilitated 11 biogas installations in Nagari

Salareh Aia as well as its maintenance work., Such facilitation is not directly related to catchment

area management business, however we purposefully operated the biogas project as an ‘entry

point’ to catchment area management project in the Nagari.

The support along with technical assistance in biogas installation was also carried out with PNPM-

Green block-grant funding in 2011. Biogas installation were conducted in Jorong Sungai Taleh,

Nagari Baringin, Palembayan Sub-district (14 units for 14 households) and in Jorong Salimpaung,

Nagari Malalak Utara of Malalak Sub-district (7 units for 8 households). All the installed biogas

are work well.

From biogas-making activities, OWT has successfully acquiring cadres who are able to manage

their own activities in biogas-making. Particularly in Palembayan Sub-district, the installation of

biogas plants was actively organized by those cadres (Penrizal, Richi, and Hery). On such

situation, OWT functioned as quality control agent for biogas plants that were built by these

cadres. While in Malalak, the management of biogas-making activities was still fully facilitated

by OWT, as the TPK and PL are still learning the techniques. It is expected they will be equipped

with self-sufficient skill in biogas-making in the near future.

5.10 Technical Assistant on Catchment Area Management

Understanding that facilitation on catchment area management is only provided by OWT and has

been only taking place in Agam District, interested parties such as PNPM-Green facilitators (SPL,

Astal, FKL) from all over West Sumatera Province (outside Agam District) were encouraged to

have consultation with us. In respect to such interest, we also provided technical consultation for

all -Green facilitators from outside Agam District. Two technical consultation have been

organized: (1) Firstly in Padang (16 May 2011), it was appended during PNPM-Green

Coordination meeting in West Sumatera Province; (2) secondly, as a follow-up to the first

consultation, on 8 July 2011, we provided technical consultation at our office in Nagari Salareh

Aia.

In fact, Agam District is the only district in West Sumatra which has spent and implemented MHP

catchment area rehabilitation campaigns. The situations are different for those districts outside

Agam which do not receive OWT technical assistance. Those districts so far have not either spent

and implemented MHP catchment rehabilitation campaigns for fiscal year 2010 and 2011. In

response to the problems, we provided strategy to implement MHP catchment rehabilitation

involving the roles of Astal, FKL and newly recruited MHP assistant.

5.11 Planting Campaigns

Planting campaigns were conducted at district and village level.



1. Planting Campaign at District Level

Planting campaign at district level was carried out along with the "Agam Planting Campaigns" activities on

29 November 2011 in Jorong Ngungun, Nagari Salareh Aia led by Regent of Agam (Mr. Indra

Catri). Implementation of Agam Planting campaigns were held in collaboration with the Agam District

Forestry Agency for the sake of celebration of Indonesian Tree Planting Day (HMPI). The event was

attended by relevant agencies within Agam District, Head of Sub-districts, Wali Nagari, Farmer Groups

from Nagari Salareh Aia and Pagadih, key village champions, pupils, and villages/nagari administrators.

The roles of OWT on Agam Planting campaigns were: (1) Facilitated preparation activities for Agam

Planting campaigns, (2) Provided technical guidance for the community to prepare planting area, (3)

Together with Agam District Forestry Agency provided seedlings for planting, (4) Mobilization of farmer

groups in the planting campaigns (Nagari Salareh Aia: Jorong Ngungun, Kayu Pasak Timur, Koto Alam,

Kayu Pasak Selatan; Nagari Pagadih), (5) Organized the ceremonial planting campaigns with Agam

District Forestry Agency, (6) Exhibition on awareness materials produced by OWT, (7) Disseminated

seedlings to exhibition visitors.

2. Planting Campaign at Village Level

Implementation of planting activities at village level was held in Nagari Salareh Aia and Pagadih in form

of: (1) Establishment of Suren Seed Sources, (2) planting outside and ion MHP catchment area.

a. Establishment of Suren Seed Sources

It was established on 2 ha land and intended to provide seed-producing trees that can be used on various

planting activities. At the early stages, the seeds of Suren (Toona sureni) was collected from several

mother trees in Agam and Bogor. Planting was conducted in two villages, 1 ha was in Nagari Salareh

Aia and 1 ha was in Nagari Pagadih.

.

a. Planting Outside MHP Catchment Area

Planting in Jorong Kayu Pasak Timur, Nagari Salareh Aia was conducted by members of Forest Farmers

Group (KTH) ‘Hijaulah Nagariku’in an area of 15 ha of community land. The planted tree species

including: Suren, Mahoni, Jackfruit, Sengon, Gmelina, Avocado, Parcia sp. and Anona (Sirsak).

Planting activity in Nagari Pagadih was conducted on 6 ha community land, 1 Ha of village land and 1000

seedlings were planted along the main road sides of village The planted tree species are: Suren, Mahogany,

Jackfruit, Maesopsis, Durian and Anona.

c. Planting in MHP Catchment Area

It was conducted on: (1) 6.5 ha in Jorong Kayu Pasak Selatan, Nagari Salareh Aia and (2) 6.5 Ha in

Jorong Pagadih Mudik, Nagari Pagadih. Planted species are: Suren, Mahogany, Jackfruit and

Sirsak. The planting in Malalak has not yet been implemented due to persistence problem regarding

the location of MHP site.



Chapter VI

Facilitation

6.1 Empowering Farmer Groups

Catchment area conservation must be sustained, while village implementing unit of PNPM-Green

(TPK) is an ad-hoc organization which only operating during the project. Therefore, establishment

of village organization that is responsible for catchment area management and conservation. This

can be conducted by either empowering the existing farmer group organization or developing new

organization. The former is the case for Jorong Kayu Pasak Selatan (Nagari Salareh Aia) and

Nagari Pagadih, while the latter was conducted through facilitation for the establishment of new

organization, i.e. established Forest Farmers group or Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) in Jorong

Pasak Timur, Nagari Salareh Aia such as ‘KTH Hijaulah Nagariku’ on 26 July 2011. The roles of

organizations including managing the establishment and maintenance of village nursery, conduct

tree planting and maintenance of the planted seedlings.

6.2 OWT Interventions: Towards the ‘Green-Nagari’

Recognizing consequence of the situation and in order to mitigate the negative impacts on the

ecosystems, and considering the listed observation points below:

a. A rapid and uncontrolled environmental degradation that currently on-going in West Sumatera

has been continuously disregarded while only very few people being aware of the potentially

harmful consequences;

b. The willingness of Agam District government to reverse this environmental degradation and

restore the areas to their former ecological state is hampered by lack of knowledge and skills

regarding good sustainable development practices.

c. While having a strong social capital of their local communities in Nagari Salareh Aia

(Palembayan Sub-District); Nagari Pagadih (Palupuh Sub-District) and Nagari Malalak

Selatan (Malalak Sub-District), it also demanded technical assistance and intensive facilitation

in order to address and reverse the ongoing environmental degradation;

d. The presence of oil palm plantation company (PT AMP) in Nagari Salareh Aia, Agam District

that is prepared to collaborate with OWT in improving natural resource management as part of

their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).

We have focused our remedial facilitation actions on improving capacity of village government

and champions to develop or promote ‘Green-Nagari’, which are, among others, composed of the

following activities:

(a) Awareness raising campaigns on ‘Green Nagari’ in Nagari Salareh Aia, Nagari Pagadih and

Nagari Malalak.

(b) Training on tree seedling propagation, organic fertilizer, organic pesticide and biogas

installation in Nagari Salareh Aia, Nagari Pagadih and Nagari Malalak.

(c) Facilitation on the establishment of Nagari and MHP nurseries in Nagari Salareh Aia, Nagari

Pagadih and Nagari Malalak.



(d) Facilitation and providing technical assistance on biogas installation, 14 units in Palembayan

Sub-District (PNPM-Green 2010) and 7 units in Malalak Sub-districts (PNPM-Green 2011).

(e) Facilitation on participatory mapping of MHP catchment areas in Nagari Salareh Aia and

Nagari Pagadih

(f) Facilitation on development of Green-RPJM Nagari model (Roads towards Green Nagari) in

Nagari Salareh Aia.

(g) Facilitation on development of Green-CSR of PT AMP (Oil Palm Plantation Company) for

Nagari Salareh Aia

(h) Facilitation on development of Nagari Pagadih Regulation on Forest Protection and Critical

Land Rehabilitation.

(i) Training on vegetative rehabilitation for Green Facilitators (SPL, Astal and FKL) of the entire

PNPM-Green Pilot Districts in West Sumatera Province.

(j) Mainstreaming of PNPM-Green smart practices in West Sumatera Province

(k) Facilitation for Key Nagari Champions, Head of Sub-district (Camat), Wali Nagari and SKPD

to attend environmental studies in SEAMEO Biotrop Bogor and Gunung Gede-Pangrango

National Park.

6.3 Facilitation on the Review of Green-RPJM Nagari Salareh Aia

The aim of development planning stated in RPJM of Salareh Aia has been insufficiently addressed

the environmental issues. This is evident from the sub-project proposals that mainly aimed at

building physical facilities and infrastructures. Efforts were made to incorporate environmental

issues on the existing RPJM nagari to become Green-RPJM.

Some environmental issues have been incorporated on the existing RPJM-Nagari Salareh Aia, such

as: (1) Protection of nagari forest and its water sources, (2) Rehabilitation of critical land, (3)

Protection and conservation of biodiversity, (4) Management of catchment area, (5) Development

of Eco-tourism, (6) Environmental education. Whereas for inter-nagari program are: (1) Restore

environmental conditions on the basis on catchment area management (Masang Sianok Catchment

Area, which covers Palupuh, Ampek Nagari and Palembayan Sub-districts), (2) Enhance the roles

of PT AMP Plantation and PT PPR to support community development in Salareh Aia.

6.4. Facilitation on the formulation of Village Regulation

OWT has facilitated the formulation of the Nagari Regulation in Nagari Salareh Aia and

Pagadih. Especially for Nagari Salareh Aia, the Nagari Regulations have ruled the following l

matters: (1) Community forest management, including the administration of forest products and

forest function, (2) Water Resources conservation, including springs and streams, (3) Biodiversity

conservation, including the utilization of endangered species, (4) Mining regulation, (6) Waste

Management, including household waste, market, and home industries, (7) Protection of

vulnerable areas: sloping land, riparian areas, peatlands and irrigated rice field; (8) Promotion of

relevant local wisdom such as agroforestry systems (Parak System), no fishing zone area,

customary forest, promoting planting culture such as: compulsory of tree planting for couples

before wedding, students entering to or graduating from a school, administration of land titles and

other licenses issued by the village/nagari.



Figure 6,1. Steps on facilitation of Village Regulation Formulation

Step 1 Identification of

issues and stakeholders

Identification of problems

Identification of core problem

Identification of stakeholders

List of problems List of Stakeholders

Potential impacts of new village regulation

Step 2 Identification of complementary

towards basic Law and Regulation

Step 3 Drafting Village

regulation

Step 4 Organizing Public

consultation

Step 5 Discussion at BPD

Step 6 Socialization and

Ratification of Village regulation

Inventory of relevant law ad organization

Analyzing human resource ability

Analysis on law enforcement

List of relevant Laws and regulations

Human resource analysis

Analysis of implementation from related regulations

Formulating from general to detailed

Standardized format

The Dos and Don’ts

Sanctions

Initial version of Village regulation

Invitation to all stakeholder

Two-way communication

Record all inputs

Final Village Regulation

public and stakeholders consultations

Village regulation (Ready for ratification version)

Socialization prior and after Ratification

Invite all stakeholders

Village regulation after legalized by BPD and village head

Socialization

STEPS CHECKLIST OUTPUT



6.5 Facilitation on Comparative Study

We facilitated the visit of the Key Agam District PNPM-Green actors and stakeholders to

conduct comparative study in Bogor from 21 to 22 December 2011. It was attended by 28

participants consisting of: Head of the PMD Agam District. Head of Agam District Forestry

Agency, Head of Palembayan Sub-district, Head of Malalak Sub-district, Head of Palupuh Sub-

district, PJOKab of Agam Districts, Wali Nagari from the three sub-districts and UPK.

The knowledge and skill gained during the visit were:

1. Visit to SEAMEO-BIOTROP Bogor: Cultivation of Sorghum and its distillation process to

produce ethanol, the use of the Magic Stove (Dr. Supriyanto), cultivation of Tiram mushroom (Ir.

Kasno, MSc.), tissue culture (Mr. Samsul) and Agarwood (Ir. Jonner, M.Si.).

2. Visit to the Gunung Gede-Pangrango National Park:

Experience and lessons learned of the Gunung Gede National Park Management to harmonize

various interests and to foster spirits of ownership of the National Park as Biosphere Reserve.

3. Visit to the office of Operation Wallacea Trust: Success story of OWT facilitation on PNPM-

Green and MHP Catchment Area Management, the making of yoghurt.



Chapter VII

Awareness Raising The aim of awareness-raising activities is to make community: (1) aware on OWT roles in PNPM-

Green; (2) understand the principle in catchment area management and the importance to manage

NRM based on catchment area boundary; (3) aware on the role of vegetative rehabilitation on

catchment area restoration; (4) aware on relevant activities to support the success of vegetative

rehabilitation.

We conducted awareness-raising through; (1) publication and video presentation followed with

discussion; (2) Distributing awareness-raising materials, such as leaflets, banners, stickers and t-

shirts; (3) organizing activities, such as Suren seeds collection and PL camping. This chapter

discusses activities related to awareness-raising for catchment area management and conservation.

7.1 Development and distribution of awareness-raising materials

(1) Sticker : OWT’s Logo and Motto “Bersama Masyarakat Melestarikan Alam” (Empowering

Communities for Conservation).

(2) Brochure : Generative propagation; Shoot cutting techniques; Agarwood propagation and

inoculation techniques; Tree planting techniques; Biogas installation; Bokashi

making; Coconut shell charcoal briquette and Tree Species Selection.

(3) DVD : Giant Sponge of Indonesia; Mamasa Planting Campaigns; MHP for People;

Vegetative propagation; One Catchment One Management; Agam Planting

Campaign, Seedlings Propagation Technique, Water as Source of Life..

(4) T-Shirts : Two models, “ Menuju Desa Lestari Mandiri Energi” and “ Bersama Masyarakat

Melestarikan Alam”

(5) Banner : We have created 8 themes for standing banners and installed them in OWT office

and village models’ office: (1) Training on catchment area rehabilitation; (2)

flow chart of community based catchment area rehabilitation; (3) flow chart of

generative propagation; (4) Flow Chart of tree planting campaigns; (5) Save

forest to avoid drought; (6) Save forests to conserve water resource; (7) small

seedlings, big benefits; (8) Save the future of children by planting trees.

(6) Poster : Save our catchment area as supporting life ecosystem from ridge to reef.

7.2. Activity based Awareness

7.2.1. Mother Tree Selection and Conservation

There are some well-known fruit species in the project area, i.e. durian (Durio zibethinus),

manggis (Garcinia mangostana), suren (Toona sureni), and madang (Litsea angulata).

We facilitated local community in Nagari Salareh Aia to select and protect mother trees: (a) as

seed supplier for tree nursery; (b) raising community awareness on protected mother trees; (c)

preventing mother trees from being cut; (d) conservation of endangered species; In addition, we

also provided description of selected mother trees to raise community awareness on the need to



protect the trees, such as: local name and botanical name, seed morphology, seed characteristics,

seedling propagation techniques, light intensity, benefits, conservation status and silviculture

techniques. Several tree species that were selected as mother trees in the village including;

madang (1 tree), durian (10 trees), gaharu/Aquilaria malaccensis (3 trees), and mangosteen (10

trees).

7.2.2. Camping of PNPM cadres (PL)

We provided lectures and practical application regarding catchment area management during the

PNPM-Green camping activities held in Nagari Salareh Aia from 7- 9 July 2011. The camping

participants include all PNPM-Rural and PNPM-Green cadres, facilitators and key village

champions of Palembayan Sub-district.

7.2.3 Participated on PNPM-Rural Exhibition in Batusangkar

OWT participated in the environmental exhibition of PNPM-MP Camp Jamboree that was held

on 17-20 November 2011 at the Pagaruyung Palace in Batusangkar, Tanah Datar District. On

this exhibition event, OWT represented PNPM-Green program to exhibit the results

of catchment management and NRM activities. Exhibition materials and displays including

banners, brochures, seedlings (soursop, jackfruit, suren, gaharu, and mahogany), bokashi, bio-

charcoal, VCO, seeds samples of several tree species, and honey bee.

The OWT booth was the only exhibition representing PNPM-Green of West Sumatera Province.

We received many interested visitors including Governor of West Sumatera, Regent of Tanah

Datar, Vice Regent of Sijunjung, Head of PMD West Sumatera Province, Head of

PMD Tanah Datar District, PJOK of PNPM-LMP at provincial, district and subdistrict level, and

facilitators for PNPM-MP and LMP.

Several activities were carried out during the exhibition including:

General explanation on PNPM-Green to the Governor of West Sumatera

Detailed explanation on CA management for the Vice Regent of Sijunjung District and PJO

of PNPM Green in West Sumatera Province

Explanation on bokashi and briquette making to visitors

Detailed explanation on inoculation technique of gaharu (agarwood) to visitors

Donating of seedlings to the exhibitors at the end of the exhibition. This activity was the

most attractive activity that many guests were very enthusiastic to receive their seedling

(1500 seedlings) that they would use for planting on their land.

These seedlings were acquired from the nursery in Nagari Salareh Aia (500 seedlings) and

provided by Agam District Forestry Agency (1000 seedlings).



Chapter VIII

Project Progress and Challenges

8.1 Analysis of Project Progress (March 2011 -February 2012)

Table 8.1 Analysis of Project Progress

No Activities Achievement

(%)

Results

A

Participatory Mapping

A.1. Data Collection

100% Biophysical and social condition,

nursery sites, catchment area map,

potential rehabilitation sites.

A.2. Selection of catchment

Model

100% Sikabau Catchment Area ( in Nagari

Salareh Aia) as catchment model; while

Pagadih Gadang and Malalak as

catchment technical assistance.

A.3. Mother tree selection and

protection

100%

We facilitated local community in

Nagari Salareh Aia to select and map

mother trees; (Durio zibethinus),

manggis (Garcinia mangostana), suren

(Toona sureni), and madang (Litsea

angulata) as mother trees.

A.4. Mapping of catchment

model

100% We facilitated local community and key

Nagari officials to map Sikabau

catchment model using GPS

B Awareness rising

B.1. Socialization and

coordination

100% Socialization and coordination at

province, district, sub-district and

village level have been completed.

B.2. Environmental Awareness

Materials

100% All awareness materials, such as film,

brochures, stickers, T-shirts, posters,

and banners have been developed,

installed and distributed.

B.3. Protection of mother trees 100% We facilitated local community in

Nagari Salareh Aia to protect mother

trees; (Durio zibethinus), mangosteen

(Garcinia mangostana), suren (Toona

sureni), as mother trees.

B.4. Seeds collection 100% We facilitated local community to

collect seeds from local (mother) trees

and certified seeds from outside areas.



B.5. Building village nursery 100% We have facilitated the establishment of

four village nurseries: (a) Jorong Kayu

Pasak Timur, Nagari Salareh Aia; (b)

Jorong Kayu Pasak Selatan, Nagari

Salareh Aia; (c) Jorong Pagadih, Nagari

Pagadih; (d) Jorong Malalak, Nagari

Malalak Selatan.

B.6. Technical assistance to

maintain village nursery

100% We provided technical assistance on the

establishment of village nurseries and

continuing with seedlings propagation

and nursery maintenance at three

villages model

B.7. Development of Village

Seed Source

100% We facilitated establishment of Village

Seed Source of Suren at Pagadih and

Salareh Aia.

B8. Village Arboretum 100% We facilitated establishment of Village

Arboretum at Pagadih

B.9. Facilitation on catchment

area rehabilitation

100% We facilitated rehabilitation of

catchment area at Jorong Kayu Pasak

Selatan, Salareh Aia village (6.5 ha) and

at Jorong Pagadih Mudiak, Pagadih

village (6.5 ha)

B.5.3. Facilitation on Agam

planting campaign

100% Agam planting campaign “Agam

Menanam” was conducted on 29

November 2011 at Jorong Ngungun,

Salareh Aia village (2 ha)

C Training

C.1 Training Materials

Procurement

100% All materials have been provided to

support each training activity

C.2 Training for

Communities’ Leaders

100% See Table 5.2

C.3 Training for PNPM-Green

facilitators and actors

100% See Section 5.1

C.4 Technical Assistance on

catchment area model in West

Sumatera Province

100% See Section 5.10



D Collaboration on Natural

Resource Management

D.1 Facilitation on

Establishment of farmer group

of conservation/institutional

strengthening of farmer group

100% We facilitated establishment of Forest

Farmer Group in Jorong Kayu Pasak

Timur, Nagari Salareh Aia and

strengthening existing farmer groups.

D.2. Facilitation on

Development Village

Regulation on Natural

Resources management

80% We facilitated development of village

regulation on natural resource

management focusing in Nagari Salareh

Aia and has being replicated in nagari

Pagadih. The village regulation is

expected for ratification on April 2012.

E Promotion

E.1. Website Development 100 % Website has been developed :

www.owt.or.id

E.2. Promotion by

media/workshop

100% Workshop on Socialization of

Catchment management program was

conducted in Lubuk Basung, Agam

District. Followed by “ Implementation

of Catchment management in Agam

District” was presented in Parai Hotel on

6 December 2011

E.3 ToT KVCs 100% We delivered Training of Trainer on

Catchment Rehabilitation for PL, TPK,

and some village champions of

Palembayan sub-district, Malalak, and

Palupuh conducted in Bukittinggi on 16

November 2011.

8.2. Challenges Faced and Remedial actions

Table 8.2. Challenges Faced and Remedial Actions

No Problems Remedial actions

1. Logging is still occurred in the

protection forest and steep sloping

areas

- Planting campaigns of logged over area

and bare land in steep slope area.

- Promoting other source of fuel energy,

such as biogas installation.

- Awareness campaigns through farmer

groups and forest farmers groups.

- Facilitate the establishment of Village

http://www.owt.or.id/



Regulation on environmental protection.

2. Pig raids on village nursery - Building bamboo fence and digging pit

trap around the village nursery

3. Lack of community skill on tree

seedlings propagations

- Intensive facilitation and technical

assistance

4. Uncertain time of key species fruiting

seasons

- Seeds collection of other tree species

- Seeds collection during fruiting season

- Collection of natural seedlings

5. Rapid land cover changes from natural

forest into small-scale oil palm

plantation

- Awareness rising on benefit and cost

analysis of small-scale oil palm plantation

- Introduction of rubber plantation as

alternative for oil palm

- Formulation of Village Regulation on

Village Protection Areas.

6. Uncontrolled smallholder Gambir

plantation development in the upland

area

- Awareness rising on benefit and cost

Gambir smallholder plantation

- Introduction of rubber plantation as

alternative for Gambir

- Formulation of Village Regulation on

Village Protection Areas.



Chapter IX

Work Plan

Table 9.1. Work Plan for Eight Months (March – October 2012)

No

A Activities March April May June July August Sept Oct

1st 2n

d 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1

st 2nd 1st 2nd 1

st 2nd

A Catchment Management Planning

a. Participatory Catchment Area Mapping using

Visual Map/sketch MHP catchment area

rehabilitation project of 2011, Palembayan

Sub-district (4 villages), Agam District

X X

b. Facilitation on Budget Planning for

Catchment Rehabilitation for MHP catchment

area rehabilitation project of 2011,

Palembayan Sub-District (4 villages), Agam

District.

X X

B Awareness raising

B.1. Socialization and Coordination X X X X

B.2. Development of Awareness Materials

X X X

X

B.3. Distribution, Installation and Extension X X

C Facilitation and Technical Assistances

C.1 Facilitation Village Nursery development X X X X

C.2 Seeds Collection X X X X X X

C.3 Facilitation on nursery maintenance

X X X X X X X X



C.4 Facilitation on Catchment Rehabilitation

Actions

X

C.5 Technical assistance on the maintenance of

village Seed Source in Salareh Aia and Pagadih

X X X X

D Training

D.1 Training for Farmer groups and KVCs

X X

E Collaborative NRM

D.1 Facilitation on establishment of Village

Conservation Groups/strengthening of farmer

groups

X X

D.2 Facilitation meetings to synergize CA

management actions

X X X X

F Promotion

E.1. Develop website and update the content

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

E.2. Promote the project in media/workshop

X X

E.3 ToT of KVCs X X

F Reporting X

Remarks:

General activities

Activities in Agam District



Chapter X

Conclusions and Recommendations

10.1 Conclusions

During one year of facilitation, the project activities have been well implemented in Agam District.

As outlined in Chapter 8, targeted activities have been successfully completed. The project has

received great responses and enthusiasm from local community and PNPM-Green actors and

facilitator at district and province level. As for the case in Mamasa District, the project has

successfully enhanced ‘green spirit’ to the MHP program in West Sumatera.

Until February 2012, the major milestones of the project are: (1) Increased awareness and

enhanced capacity building of local community and PNPM-Green facilitators and actors on

catchment areas management in Agam District, (2) Enhanced the capacity of PNPM-Green

facilitators and key stakeholders on catchment area management in Sumatra and Sulawesi; (3)

Establishment of village nurseries and protection of mother trees in Nagari Salareh Aia and

Pagadih; (4) Supported the implementation of Indonesian Tree Planting Day in Agam District; (5)

Supported PNPM-Rural exhibition in West Sumatra Province; (6) Promoted the concept and

implementation of Green-Nagari in Agam District; (7) Rehabilitated critical lands within and

outside MHP catchment areas in Nagari Salareh Aia and Pagadih; (8) Facilitated the review of

RPJM-Nagari in Salareh Aia; (9) Facilitated the formulation of Village regulations on NRM in

Nagari Salareh Aia and Pagadih; (10) Facilitated the comparative study of key PNPM-Green actors

and stakeholders of Agam District in Bogor, West-Java.

The presence of OWT in (West) Sumatera has provided significant contribution for the PNPM-

Green implementation in Sumatra, especially through catchment area rehabilitation component.

This has been proven by the great enthusiasm of PNPM-Green facilitators to OWT technical

assistance.

During the extension period (March – October 2012), we will facilitate the implementation of

MHP catchment area rehabilitation of 4 villages (Nagari Salareh Aia, Nagari IV Koto Palembayan,

Nagari Sipinang, and Nagari III Koto Silungkang) in Palembayan Sub-District (Agam District)

which received MHP sub-projects for the fiscal year 2011. Apart from that, we will continue our

facilitation on the maintenance of the nurseries and planted tree seedlings in two villages (Nagari

Salareh Aia and Nagari Pagadih) receiving MHP catchment area for fiscal year 2010.

10.2. Recommendation

Addressed to the World Bank: Considering that Agam District is the only district in West

Sumatra which has spent and implemented MHP catchment area rehabilitation campaigns while

those which did not receive OWT facilitation have not either spent or implemented MHP

catchment rehabilitation campaigns for fiscal year 2010 and 2011. To enforce MHP catchment

area rehabilitation within PNPM-Green, we propose that all districts receiving MHP projects

should have CSO facilitation.



Attachments

owt annual report sumbar 07-05-2012

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