Opener

Please find your assigned seat…

Get out your packet from last class…begin working on questions in pt. 2 with your group

As You Return from Lunch…

• Come up and place 1 quarter in the plastic bin if you brought a back pack to class today.

• Then, continue working on discussion questions from Part II of the packet

Brief Recap

• What was the outcome of the French and Indian War?

• Why was the war so significant?

Rising Tensions: British Crown v. Colonists

• Proclamation Act of 1763:– Prohibits colonists from

settling west of the Appalachian Mts.

– Why was is passed?• Avoid conflict w/ Natives by

preventing colonists from moving into that land

• Too far b/n empires…too hard to defend

Rising Tensions: British Crown v. Colonists• British Acts of Aggression

– Sugar Act (1764)• Tax on imported

sugar/molasses– Stamp Act (1765)

• Tax on legal papers, newspapers, and pamphlets

– Quartering Act (1767)• Laws requiring the provision

of housing, food and drink to British troops

– Townshend Acts (1767)• Tax on imports including glass,

lead, paints, paper & tea

• Colonial Response– Boycott British Goods– Sons of Liberty– Stamp Act Congress

• “No Taxation W/O Representation

– Smuggle Goods/Protest

“No Taxation Without Representation”

"...For if our Trade may be taxed, why not our Lands?Why not the Produce of our Lands & everything we possess or make use of?This we apprehend annihilates our Charter Right to govern & tax ourselves. It strikes at our British privileges, which as we have never forfeited them, we hold in common withour Fellow Subjects who are Natives of Britain.If Taxes are laid upon us in any shape without our having a legal Representation where they are laid, are we not reduced from the Character of free Subjects to the miserable State of tributary Slaves?

Rising Tensions: British Crown v. Colonists

• Boston Massacre (1770)• Boston Tea Party (1773)• Intolerable Acts (1774)– Shut down Boston ports until tea paid for– Dissolved Mass. Assembly– Ban town meetings– Reinstate Quartering Act– Remove right to fair trial/due process– Quebec Act

Revolution Begins…• March 23, 1775

– “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death”—Patrick Henry• April 19, 1775

– Battle of Lexington & Concord… “Shot hear round the world”• 2nd Continental Congress (Summer 1775)

– Col. Govt. during War– Estbl. Continental Army– Appt. George Washington as Commander– Issue Dec. of Indep. (1776)

• January 10, 1776– Thomas Paine, Common Sense

• 1st Document to openly call for independence from the British

D.O.I. Questions• O, P, V, L Analysis–What is the origin of this document?–What is the purpose of this document?–What is the value of this document?–What are the limitations of this document?

D.O.I. Critical Thinking ?s• In the Preamble of the Declaration, what does Jefferson argue is

his reason for issuing the Declaration of Independence?• Jefferson states, “All men are created equal…with certain

unalienable rights”…what were those rights? – How can Jefferson make this statement with the reality of slavery and

indentured servitude in America?• Why does Jefferson argue government’s are formed? Where

do governments get their power from?• When is it okay for a group of people to break away from their

government?• What are some of the specific charges/accusations Jefferson

makes again King George of Britain?

D.O.I. Critical Thinking Questions

• Why does Jefferson focus charges on the King and not the British people as a whole?

• What was Jefferson’s goal in listing all these charges against the King?

• Whose support was Jefferson trying to win over with this document?

Fighting the War Advantages/Disadvantages for

Colonial Army• Advantages

– Fighting For Livelihoods & Independence

– Fighting on Own Turf• Guerrilla Warfare

– Fight Inland—Minimize British Navy

– Superior Marksmen– French Assistance

(Gradually)

• Disadvantages– No Professional Army (militia

only)– Lack Officers– Minimal Navy– Poor Training/Morale– Lack Training– Inferior Weapons/ Supplies– No Money– Difficulty Coordinating

Strategy Among Colonies

Fighting the War Advantages/Disadvantages of British• Advantages:– Strongest Military in

World• Disciplined; Well Paid;

Well Fed

– Powerful Navy– Superior

Weapons/Supplies– Support of Native

Americans• Why?

• Disadvantages:– Need to Control Large

Expanse of Land– Overconfidence– Unfamiliar Terrain– Fail to Adapt to Guerrilla

Tactics

Washington’s Strategy…• Live to Fight Another Day– Drag Out the War…Why?

• All The Rebels Had to Do Was Tie to Win• Guerilla Warfare– Use of military tactics including ambushes,

sabotage, raids, elements of surprise and mobility, to attack a larger, more powerful, traditional army

– Only Engage When You Have Upper Hand– Target Officers

Battle of Lexington and Concord• British hope to prevent

bloodshed by disarming local militia

• Also seek to arrest Hancock and Sam Adams

• What other major events happened in Massachusetts?

“Shot heard round the World”

Battle of Lexington and Concord (1775)

• 247 Brits killed or wounded; 88 Patriots

• Opening battle of the Revolution

• Pats. begin siege of Boston

• 2nd Continental Congress formed—declare war; name Washington commander

Battle of Trenton ( Dec. 25, 1776)

• 3,000 Americans lost at Battle of Fort Washington (November)

• What impact does Fort Washington have on the Colonial army?

• How did the timing of the Battle of Trenton impact the colonists success?

Battle of Trenton

Battle of Saratoga (Oct. 1777)

• Most important battle:– Brit goal: seize NY, sever

NE from U.S.– 6,570 out of 6600 British

forces captured– Convinces French to

support U.S. and enter the war; Spain/Dutch soon follow = World War

Why would the French want to get involved?

Battle of Yorktown (Oct. 1781)

• Why would Washington draw Cornwallis to VA rather than fight in NY?

• Last Battle of the Revolution

• Cornwallis absent from surrender

School House Rock Video Clip

Four Corners

• Go to the corner with the quote that most directly reflects your position:A. “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice

everywhere”B. “If you’re not part of the solution, you’re part of

the problem.”C. “If you don't stand for something you will fall for

anything.”D. “Our lives begin to end the day we become silent

about things that matter.”