Journey of Odisha FSSM

2015 2017-18

2011

Exposure visit

Policy and guidelinesOdisha State Sanitation Strategy

Implementation

Scale up and sus tainability

The strategy focuses on strengthening the ULBs to provide sanitation infrastructure including those related to FSSM.

Odisha Urban Septage Management Guidelines, Odisha Urban Sanitation Strategy and Odisha Urban Sanitation Policy to set a road map for scaling up FSSM across the state

Scaling up and sus taining theservic es provided b y the FSSM value chain.

Piloting FSSM in two citie sthrough Project Nirmal. Exposure visit to advancedfaecal sludge and s ep tagemanagemen t practices in other countries including Malaysia

Implementation of Faec al Sludge and Septage Management in 11 towns of Odisha

2016-17 2018 onwards

committedtothecauseofensuringsafe,healthyandsanitizedtownsandcitiesinthestate,ittookinitiativesfourandahalfyearsagotofocusonsafecontainment,safetransportation,safedisposalandsafetreatmentoffaecal matter.Consideringthepreponderanceofon-sitesystemsintheurbanOdisha,thegovernmentrealizedthatsewernetworkscannotbetheonlysolutionforwastewatermanagement.Hence,thegovernmenthasdecidedtooptforlowcost,impactfulnon-sewersanitationsystemstomakecitiesenvironmentallycleanandsafeforthecitizens.

Odisha FSSM

Populationhavingaccesstoseweragenetwork

Populationdependentononsitesanitationsystems

O disha isexperiencingafastpaceofurbanization(27%decadalurbangrowthrate)whichisaccompaniedbychallengesofprovidingpeopleofthestatewithgoodqualitybasicamenitiessuchaswaterandsanitation.AstheGovernmentofOdishahasbeen

Odisha,afrontrunnertorecognizesignificanceofcomprehensiveapproachtowardsFaecal SludgeandSeptage Management(FSSM)

2.5% 97.5%

InstitutionalStrengthening

ProcessesandSystems

CapacityBuilding Regulation

Communication Infrastructure MonitoringandEvaluationSanitation

Entrepreneurship

§ ConstructingSeptage TreatmentPlants(SeTPs)andFaecal SludgeandSeptage TreatmentPlants(FSTPs)forsafetreatmentofwaste.

§ Procuringcesspoolvehiclesofvaryingsizesespeciallytonegotiatenarrowlanes/streetsandSeTPs toensuresafeemptyingandtransportationofthecontainedfaecal waste.

§ EightAMRUTtownshaveapprovaltoconstructSeTPs i.e.Balasore,Baripada,Berhampur,Bhubaneswar,Cuttack,Puri,Rourkela&SambalpurtownthroughAMRUTprogramme.Outofthese,fiveSeTPs havebeencompleted&commissionedinBhubaneswar,Puri,Berhampur,SambalpurandRourkela.ConstructionofSeTPs inthreetownsi.e.Cuttack,Balasore andBaripada isunderprogress.

§ ConstructionofthreeSeTPs havebeentakenunder‘’PROJECTNIRMAL’inDhenkanal,AngulandChoudwar,outofwhichSeTP inDhenkanal iscompletedandcommissioned.TheothertwoSeTPs areunderconstruction.

§ Someplantshaveadoptedco-treatmentandco-locationoptions,whichoptimizethecapacityandlandrequirements.Theplantsemployadecentralizedwastewatersystem(DEWATS).

7 2

1

5

8

4

3

6

1 Balasore 2 Baripada

TOWN3 Berhampur

5 Cuttack 6 Puri 7 Rourkela 8 Sambalpur

4 Bhubhaneshwar

FinancialSustainability

KeyInterventionsinFSSM

Odisha

Infrastructure

Procuringcesspoolvehicles

ConstructingSeTPs &FSTPsSeTPs inOdisha

TheGovernmentofOdishahasmadeinvestmentstoprocurecesspoolemptiervehiclestoensuresafeemptyingandtransportationofthecontainedfaecalwaste.

57ULBsofthestatepossesscesspoolemptiervehicleswhichhavebeenprocuredbythestateGovernment

Total86cesspoolvehicleswereprocuredbythestate.ThestatehasalsoapprovedprocurementoftwosmallsizedcesspoolemptiervehiclesinPuri andBerhampurontrialbasistoaddresslocalchallengesrelatedtoaccesstoseptictank.

S.No City/Town Populationcatered Technology

1 Balasore 1,47,100 SolidliquidseparationfollowedbytreatmentofliquidbyDEWATS

2 Baripada 1,20,800 SolidliquidseparationfollowedbytreatmentofliquidbyDEWATS

3 Berhampur 95,700 SolidliquidseparationfollowedbytreatmentofliquidbyDEWATS

4 Bhubaneswar 1,91,100 SolidliquidseparationfollowedbytreatmentofliquidbyDEWATS

5 Cuttack 1,69,600 SolidliquidseparationfollowedbytreatmentofliquidbyDEWATS

6 Puri 1,19,400 SolidliquidseparationfollowedbytreatmentofliquidinSTPco-located.

7 Rourkela 90,200 SolidliquidseparationfollowedbytreatmentofliquidbyDEWATS

8 Sambalpur 51,800 SolidliquidseparationfollowedbytreatmentofliquidbyDEWATS

1.SeTP Details

2.ProcurementofCesspoolVehicle

§ AtrainingmoduleonNonSewered UrbanSanitationwasdevelopedunderProjectNirmal fordeeperunderstandingofFSSMamongststakeholdersinvolvedinFSSM.

§ Atrainingofmastertrainerswasconductedfor11townsaswellasforvariousprojectmanagementunits(PMUs).

§ ThecapacitybuildingprogramsareorientedtocovervariousaspectsofFSSMservicesandinfrastructuresuchastechnology,financing,communityengagement,O&M,etc.

CapacityBuilding

StateGov’t

Officials

CBO

ULBOfficials

Cesspoolvehicleoperators

DirectAdminis-trativeOfficials

Masons

AlongwithFSSMtrainingexposurevisitswerealsoconductedtohelpparticipantsunderstandproblemsolvingrelatingto

sanitationservices

DemandGenerationthroughIEC§ InordertoimproveawarenessInformationEducationCommunication(IEC)andBehaviour

ChangeCommunication(BCC)arebeingimplementedatStateandULBlevel.§ Awiderangeofcommunicationactivities,adoptinga360-degreeapproach,havebeen

undertakenatthecityleveltocommunicatethekeymessagesonFSSM.§ Theoutcomesofsuchcommunicationcampaignsareevidentfromtheincreasedawareness

onFSSMinOdisha,whichinturnhasledtoanincreaseinthedemandforFSSMservices.

PrivateSectorEngagement

Totakerequestsfromthecustomers,collectservicefeesandmaintaindetailedrecordsoftheprovidedservicesandtoperiodicallymonitortheuseofPPEsduringdesludging.

Cesspoolemptierrequisitioncell

§ TheGovernmentofOdishahastakenmeasurestofacilitateprivatesectorengagementinFSSM.Thisiscurrentlyachievedbyprovidingcesspoolemptyinglicensestoprivatesectorentities.

§ OncethevehiclesareprocuredandsenttotheULBs,theprivateoperatorsaregiventheresponsibilityofoperatingandmaintainingthecesspoolemptiervehicles.

§ Asaresult,currently,desludgingactivityiscarriedoutinthestatebybothULB-operatedandULB-contractedcesspoolemptiervehicles(operatedbyprivateplayers).

§ Licensingofcesspoolemptiervehicleoperatorstoprivateplayershasalsoresultedinasubstantialreductioninthetariffpayablebythecustomer.Asaresult,outsourcinghashelpedinincreasingtheuptakeformechanizedemptyingservices.

ProcessesandSystems

GPS monitoring of cesspool emptiervehicle fleets

Price rationalization

Use of PPE during servicedelivery

Establishmentofcesspoolservicerequisitioncells and appointment of a nodalofficer for FSSM

Designated place for disposal throughDRE wherethere are no treatmentfacilities, currently

Escrowaccountopeningtomaintaintransparencyonthefinancial transactionsbetweenthe ULB and the private cesspoolemptying operator

Trainingstocesspoolemptyingoperators

State-levelinterventions ULB-levelinterventions

ULBsarerecognizingtheimportanceofusingICTasanenablertointegrateandimproveFSSMservicedelivery.BerhampurandBhubaneswarareembracingtechnologytoimprovegovernanceandservicedelivery..

ICT-enabledcesspoolemptiervehiclemonitoring

TransformingurbanOdishaintoacommunitydriven,sanitized,safe,healthyandlivable townsbyaligningwithSwachh BharatMission(SBM)UrbanandotherrelevantpoliciesoftheGovernmentwithnecessaryinstitutionalframework,planning,monitoring,evaluation,CapacityBuildingandfundingsupport,therebyensuring100%ODF,strengtheningofsanitationchain,FaecalSludgeandSewerageManagement(FSSM),SolidWasteManagementinfrastructureandservicedeliveryinurbanareasoftheState

Seven principlesinOUSP

Choosingtechnologyandsolutionsappropriatetothecontext

§ UrbanareasareOpen-defecationFree(ODF)andopendischargefree(ODF+/++)§ Solidwasteissafelymanaged&treated§ Sewage,septage/faecalsludgeandliquidwasteissafelymanaged,treated,anddisposed§ Safetystandardsandguidelinesarefollowedinthephysicalhandlingandmanagementof

waste§ Womenandgirlshaveaccesstosafemenstrualhygienemanagement§ Cities/townsdonotdischargeuntreatedwaste(waterandfaecalwaste)intothewater

bodiesofOdisha

ExpectedoutcomesofOUSP

AllcitiesandtownsinOdishaaretobecometotallyclean,sanitized,healthy,andliveable,ensuringandsustaininggoodpublichealthandenvironmentaloutcomesforallcitizens,inlinewiththeNationalUrbanSanitationPolicy

Objective

Sanitationwillbetreatedasabasicservice

Ensureequityandsafetyofaccessanduse,particularlytothevulnerableandunservedpopulations

Increasedawarenessofthecollectivegoalofsanitisedcities;8SanitationCapacityBuildingPlatform

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Institutionalroles,responsibilitiesandcapacitydevelopmentinlinewith74thConstitutionAmendmentAct,1994

Emphasisonoperationsandmaintenanceofsanitationinfrastructure

Integratingbroaderenvironmentalconcernsintheprovisionofurbansanitationservicedelivery

Vision

OdishaUrbanSanitationPolicy(OUSP),2017

1. Urbanareasareopen-defecationanddischargefreeOpendefecationfreeunderthispolicyisunderstoodastheterminationoffaecal-oraltransmissiondeterminedby:§ Noopendefecation§ Allcityresidentshaveaccesstoanduseofhousehold,community,and/orpubliclatrines§ Thereisadequateaccessanduseoflatrinesinallinstitutions§ Allinsanitarylatrines(includingsinglepitlatrines)areconvertedtosanitarylatrines,and

noincidenceofManualScavengingisobserved§ Allcityresidentsareengagedinsafehygienepractices,includinghandwashing

Inaddition,opendischargefree,underthispolicyshallbeunderstoodtomeananenvironmentfreefromhumanwastewhichshallbedeterminedasfollows:§ Thereisnoopendischargeoffaecalandliquidwaste,orrawsewageintotheopendrains

orenvironment§ Thereissafecontainment,collection,transportation,treatment,anddisposalofsewage,

septage,andwastewater

2. MunicipalSolidWasteissafelymanagedandtreated§ Odishawillfollowapolicywherebyminimalamountofwasteissenttolandfillsby

followingthethree‘R’s,namelyreduce,reuse,andrecycle.Theultimategoalwillbetocreatevalueoutofwasteandproduceaparadigmshiftfromgarbageas‘disposable’to‘renewableresource’.

3. Sewage,septage/faecalsludgeandliquidwasteissafelymanaged,treated,anddisposed

Expectedoutcomesofthepolicy

Under thisoutcome,theentiresanitationchainwillbecovered.Thisincludes:

CONTAINMENT EMPTYING TRANSPORT TREATMENT REFUSE/DISPOSAL

Heretoiletconstruction

technologieswillensuresafe

containmentofhumanfaeces fromtheenvironment

Regulardesludging ofseptictanksandotheron-sitesystemswillbeundertakeninasafeandscientificmanner

Thetransportationofthissludgetothe

treatmentsiteshallbeundertakento

approvedtreatmentsitesdesignatedby

ULBS

OnlyapprovedanddesignatedtreatmentfacilitiesbyULBSshallbeused.ThismaybeeitheratanexistingSewageTreatment

Plant(STP)designatedfortreatmentof

sewageandsludge,oratanindependent

faecal sludgetreatmentplant(FSTP)

Thisinvolvestreatmentofsolidsludgeforreusebycomposting,withthefinaleffluentdischargedintosurfacewater,or

re-usedforgardeningoragriculturalpurposesafterdueprocessing

4. SafetystandardsandguidelinesarefollowedinthephysicalhandlingandmanagementofwasteTheProhibitionofEmploymentasManualScavengersandtheirRehabilitationaspertheactpassedbytheUnionGovernmenton19thSeptember,2013(MSA2013).

5. Womenandgirlshaveaccesstosafemenstrualhygienemanagement(MHM)

6. Cities/townsdonotdischargeuntreatedwaste(solid,liquid,andfaecalwaste)intothewaterbodiesofOdisha§ Atpresent,citiesaredisposingseptage/sludgedirectlyintowaterbodies,eitherthoughnon

functionaldrains,naturaldrains,orthroughopendefecation.Thisiscompoundedbysolidwastebeingdisposedintorivers/riverbasins.

§ Underthisoutcome,Odishawillfocusonacombinationofstrengtheningtheconstructeddrainagesystems,strongFSM/septagemanagement,and/orundergroundseweragenetworkswhererelevant(includingtreatmentplants),andinterception,diversion,andtreatmentofseptageandwastewaterflowingthroughnaturaldrains.

TheStateGovernmentshallpromotetheaccessofwomenandgirlstosafeMenstrualHygieneManagementinpublic,community,andprivateinstitutionalsanitationfacilitiesasfollows:

Sources:• OdishaUrbanSanitationPolicy2017andOdishaUrbanSanitationStrategy2017,HousingandUrbanDevelopment

Department(https://odxpress.com/wp-content/uploads/Odisha-Urban-Sanitations-Policy-2017.pdf)• UrbanWastewaterManagementinOdisha,ACityLevelSanitationStudy,SanitationCapacityBuildingPlatform

(https://scbp.niua.org/research-reports/city-level-sanitation-study-Odisha)• Odisha’sJourneyofFaecal SludgeandSeptage Management- Towardssustainablesanitationgoals - by

GovernmentofOdisha,KnowledgePartnerEY• TheFaecal SludgeandSeptage ManagementjourneyofOdisha- NationalWorkshoponFaecal SludgeandSeptage

Management,Bhubaneshwar- byGovernmentofOdisha,KnowledgePartnerEY

InstitutionalFrameworkasperOdishaUrbanSanitationStrategy(OUSS)

STAT

ELEVE

L HighPowerCommittee(HPC)(ChairedbyChiefSecretary)

StateMissionDirectorate(SMD)(headedbyMissionDirector)

DISTR

ICT

LEVE

L DistrictLevelReviewandMonitoringCommittee(DLRMC)(ChairedbyMemberofParliament)

DistrictUrbanSanitatioon Committee(DUSM)(Chairedbyby DistrictCollector)

CITY

LEVE

L

CITYSANITATIONTASKFORCE(CSTF)(HeadedbyCommissioner/ExecutiveOfficer)

CityMissionDirectorate(CMD)(HeadedbyCommissioner/ExecutiveOfficer)

Requ

ests

Approvals