New Technologies Land on Airport Pavements

Rocky Mountain Asphalt ConferenceFebruary 18-20, 2009

AAPTP Background

• Cooperative Agreement FAA & AU• Created in 2004 $2million/year• $1.6 million for 3 year obtained• Organized similar to TRB NCHRP• 19 Projects funded• Future dependent upon New FAA

Legislation in Congress

Obstacles for Technology

• Lack of experience with technology

• Aversion to risk • Differences between airport and

highways• FAA lack of encouragement

Technologies Introduced

• PG Binder Grading (04-02)• Superpave (04-03)• SMA (04-04)• Guidelines for Rubblization (04-01)• Longitudinal Joints (04-05)

Projects of Interest

• HMA Airport Construction Best Practice Manual (05-01)

• Techniques for Mitigation of Reflective Cracking (05-04)

• Use of RAP in Airport Pavements (05-06)

Projects Underway• Life Cycle Cost Analysis For Airfield Pavements

(06-06)• Non Coal Tar Based Fuel Resistant Sealers and

Binders (05-02)• Techniques for Prevention and Remediation of

Non-load Related Distresses (05-07 & 06-01)• Effect of De-icing Chemical on HMA Airfield

Pavements (05-02)

Projects Underway (Cont.)• Non-destructive Testing to Identify Presence

and Extent of Delamination of HMA Airfield Pavements (06-04)

• Use of Recycled ASR PCC Materials in HMA (06-02)

• Guidelines for Use of State DOT Specs (06-05)• Performance Base Specs for Airfields (06-3)• Assessment of Existing Overlay Design

Procedures for Airfield Pavements (06-07)

• Change from highways to airfield• Considerations for airfield use– Gross vehicle weights– Number of loads– Speed of Loadings– Wander

• Use of pavement facility• Availability of required asphalt grade

Project 04-02 PG Binder Selection

PG Binder Selection Background

• PG System Design based upon highway traffic and expected temperatures at the pavement site

• Grades based upon same performance measurement at different temperatures

• PG 64-22 represents a binder that provides satisfactory performance at a high temperature of 64 C and at a low temperature of -22C

Binder Performance Grade:PG 52

10 16 22 28 34 40 46

Design high pavement temperature, C:

<52

Design low pavement temperature, C:

>10 >16 >22 >28 >34 >40 >46

Test on Original Binder

Flash Point Temperature (T 48), Min., C

230

Viscosity (ASTM D 4402)Maximum value of 3 Pa-s attest temperature, C

135

Dynamic Shear (TP 5)G*/sin , minimum value 1.00 kPa, at 10 rad/s and Test Temperature, C

52

Tests on Residue from Rolling Thin Film Oven (T 240)

Mass Loss, Maximum, % 1.00

Dynamic Shear (TP 5)G*/sin , minimum value 2.20 kPa, at 10 rad/s and Test Temperature, C

52

Tests on Residue from Pressure Aging Vessel (PP 1)

PAV Aging Temperature, C 90

Dynamic Shear (TP 5)G* sin , maximum value 5,000 kPa, at 10 rad/s and Test Temperature, C

25 22 19 16 13 10 7

Physical Hardening Report

Creep Stiffness (TP 1)Stiffness, maximum value 300 MPa m-value, minimum value 0.30, at 60 sec ant Test Temperature, C

0 6 12 18 24 30 36

Direct Tension (TP 5)Failure strain, minimum value 1.0%, at 1.0 mm/min and Test Temperature, C

0 6 12 18 24 30 36

LTPPBind Software

Procedure– Convert aircraft weights into Equivalent Highway

loads (EHE)– Select base temperature from LTPPBind 3.1– Adjust for traffic and pavement location on facility– Check for availability within US

PG Binder Selection

Convert Aircraft to EHE

100,000

1,000,000

10,000,000

100,000,000

1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000

Annual Departures

EH

Es

for

Bin

der

Gra

de

Sel

ecti

on

10,00030,000100,000

300,000

1,000,000

Maximum Gross Aircraft Weight, lb:

PG AdjustmentsAircraft Stacking

Typical SpeedMph Design Traffic

EHEs

Grade AdjustmentC

Runway Centers

Taxiways/ Runway Ends

Non-Modified Binders

Polymer Modified Binders*

None 45 15 to < 45 < 300,000 0

Little or none 45 15 to < 45

300,000 to< 3 million

+7Not Required

+4

3 million to < 10 million

+7Suggested

+4

10 million ---Required

+4

Occasional --- 5 to < 15< 10 million +14

Suggested+11

10 million ---Required

+11

Frequent --- < 5 Any ---Required

+17

*Polymer modified binders must have a minimum elastic recovery value of 60 % at 25 C, following procedures described in AASHTO 301.

Check for Availability

Common Binder PG GradesState 46 67 70 82

-28 -34 -28 -34 -28 -22 -34 -28 -22 -16 -22 -34 -28 -22 -16 -10 -16 -28 -22 -16 -28 -22 -16Alabama -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --Alaska -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --Arizona -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y Y -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y Y -- -- --

Arkansas -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --Colorado -- -- -- Y Y Y -- Y Y -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- --

Connecticut -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --Delaware -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --Florida -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --Georgia -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --Hawaii -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --Idaho -- -- -- Y Y -- Y Y Y -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- --Illinois Y -- Y -- Y Y -- Y Y -- -- -- Y Y -- -- -- Y Y -- -- -- --Indiana -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y Y -- -- -- Y Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --

Iowa -- Y Y -- Y Y -- Y Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --Kansas -- -- -- -- -- Y -- Y Y -- -- Y Y Y -- -- -- Y Y -- Y Y --

Kentucky -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --Louisiana -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --

Maine -- -- -- Y -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --Maryland -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --

Massachusetts -- -- -- Y -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --Michigan -- Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y -- -- -- Y Y -- -- -- Y Y -- -- -- --

Minnesota -- -- -- Y Y -- Y Y -- -- -- Y Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- --Mississippi -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- Y --

Missouri -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- --Montana -- -- Y -- -- -- Y Y Y -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --Nebraska -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- Y -- -- -- -- --

52 58 64 76

Questions?

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