126 Ïåðíàòûå õèùíèêè è èõ îõðàíà 2016, 32 Êðàòêèå ñîîáùåíèÿ

Nesting of the Blakiston’s Fish-Owl in the Nest of the Steller’s Sea

Eagle, Magadan Region, Russia

ГНЕЗДОВАНИЕ РЫБНОГО ФИЛИНА В ГНЕЗДЕ БЕЛОПЛЕЧЕГО

ОРЛАНА, МАГАДАНСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ, РОССИЯ

Utekhina I.G. (Magadan State Reserve, Magadan, Russia),Potapov E.R. (Bryn Athyn College, Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania, USA),McGrady M.J. (International Avian Research, Austria)Утехина И.Г. (ФГБУ «Государственный заповедник «Магаданский»),Потапов Е.Р. (Брин Афинский Колледж, Пенсильвания, США),МакГради М.Дж. (Международные исследовательские проекты птиц, Австрия)

Î âñòðå÷àõ ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà (Ketupa blakistoni Seebohm, 1884) íà ð. ×åëîìäæà â çàïîâåäíèêå «Ìàãàäàíñêèé» (áàññåéí ð. Òàóé, ñåâåðíîå ïîáåðåæüå Îõîòñêîãî ìîðÿ, Ìàãàäàíñêàÿ îáëàñòü) áûëî èçâåñò-íî ñ 1980-õ ãîäîâ (Òàðõîâ, Ïîòàïîâ, 1986). Ïî ôèêñàöèè äóýòíîãî ïåíèÿ â ôåâðàëå 1986 ã. îíè îöåíèëè ÷èñëåííîñòü ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà íà 75-êì ó÷àñòêå ð. ×åëîìäæà â 5–6 ïàð.  ïîñëåäóþùèå ãîäû èíñïåêòîðû çàïîâåäíèêà è îðíèòîëîãè, ðàáîòàâøèå íà Êàâà-×åëîìäæèíñêîì ó÷àñòêå çàïîâåäíè-êà, ïîñòîÿííî îòìå÷àëè ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà (ãîëîñîâóþ àêòèâíîñòü, ñëåäû è âñòðå÷è ïòèö) íà ð. ×åëîìäæà. Ñîòðóäíèêè çàïî-âåäíèêà (È.Ã. Óòåõèíà, Â.Â. Èâàíîâ) ñî-âìåñòíî ñ À.Â. Àíäðååâûì (ÈÁÏÑ ÄÂÎ ÐÀÍ) ïðîâåëè ó÷¸ò ãíåçäîâûõ ïàð ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà ïî ãîëîñàì 10–19 èþíÿ 2003 ã. âî âðåìÿ ñïëàâà ïî ð. ×åëîìäæà íà 166 êì ó÷àñòêå (140 êì äîëèíû) îò óñòüÿ ð. Áóð-ãàãûëêàí äî ìåñòà âïàäåíèÿ ð. ×åëîì-äæà â ð. Òàóé. Ïî ðåçóëüòàòàì ó÷¸òà ÷èñëî ó÷àñòêîâ ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà íà ïðîéäåííîì ó÷àñòêå ðåêè áûëî îöåíåíî â 10 ïàð, à ïî-òåíöèàëüíóþ ÷èñëåííîñòü âèäà â áàññåéíå ð. ×åëîìäæà À.Â. Àíäðååâ îöåíèë â 10–12 ïàð (Àíäðååâ, 2006, ðèñ.1).

Êðîìå ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà â çàïîâåäíèêå «Ìàãàäàíñêèé» îáèòàåò äðóãîé ðûáîÿäíûé õèùíèê – áåëîïëå÷èé îðëàí (Haliaeetus pelagicus Pallas, 1811). Íà ð. ×åëîìäæà îð-ëàíû ñòðîÿò ìàññèâíûå ãí¸çäà èç ñó÷üåâ íà òîïîëÿõ è ëèñòâåííèöàõ íà âûñîòå îò 10 äî 25 ì. Áîëüøèíñòâî ãí¸çä ïîñòðîåíî ïîáëè-çîñòè îò áåðåãà ðåêè (îò 0 äî 200 ì) íà äî-ìèíèðóþùèõ äåðåâüÿõ íà êðàþ ïðîãàëîâ, îïóøåê èëè îáðûâîâ ðåêè òàê, ÷òî ó ïòèö âñåãäà åñòü õîðîøèé îáçîð (Óòåõèíà, 2004).

The Blakiston’s Fish Owl (Ketupa blakistoni Seebohm, 1884) was first recorded on the Chelomdja River, within the limits of the Magadan State Nature Reserve (Tauy River basin, Northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, Okhotsk), in 1980’s (Tarkhov, Potapov, 1986), and call-back surveys suggested that the 75 km stretch of the Chelomdja river accommodates 5–6 breeding pairs. In the years since then, Magadan State Nature Reserve personnel have regularly reported sightings of Blakiston’s Fish Owl, its calls and tracks.

In 2003, Magadan Nature Reserve em-ployees and A. Andreev of the Institute of the Biological Problems of the North (Russian Academy of Sciences) carried out a survey of the Blakiston’s Fish Owls along the Chelom-dja River. The surveys were conducted while rafting along the river from the confluence of the Burgagylkan and Tauy Rivers, a distance of 166 km (140 straight line along the val-ley). The survey recorded 10 pairs, and An-dreev (2006) later estimated the total poten-tial breeding number as 10–12 pairs in the Chelomdja River basin (fig. 1).

Another large fish-eating predator, the Steller’s Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus pelagicus Pallas, 1811), lives alongside the Blakiston’s Fish Owl in the Magadan State Reserve. On the Chelomdja River, Steller’s Sea Eagles build massive stick nests in poplar and larch trees at the height of 10–25 m. The majority of the nests are close to the river (0 to 200 m away). The nests are typically located in

dominant trees, near openings in the woodlands, at forest edges and the banks of the rivers, with good visibility on the sur-rounding landscapes (Utekhina, 2004).

DOI: 10.19074/1814-8654-2016-32-126-129

Êîíòàêò:Èðèíà ÓòåõèíàÔÃÁÓ «Ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé çàïîâåäíèê «Ìàãàäàíñêèé»685000, Ðîññèÿ,ã. Ìàãàäàí, óë. Êîëüöåâàÿ, ä. 17òåë.: 8 914 039 7321, 8 4132 657871steller@magterra.ru, irinautekhina@gmail.com

Åâãåíèé Ïîòàïîâeugenepotapov@gmail.com

Ìàéê ÌàêÃðàäèMikeJMcGrady@aol.com

Contact:Irina UtekhinaMagadan State Reserve Koltsevaya str., 17,Magadan, Russia, 685000 tel.: 8 914 039 7321, 8 4132 657871steller@magterra.ru, irinautekhina@gmail.com

Eugene Potapoveugenepotapov@gmail.com

Michael J. McGradyMikeJMcGrady@aol.com

Short Reports 127Raptors Conservation 2016, 32

In 2015 one Steller’s Sea Eagle nest was occupied by a Blakiston’s Fish Owl, the first record of which came from the Nature Re-serve Inspector, E.A. Stepanov, who, on May 17, noted a pair of fish owls near a Steller’s Sea Eagle nest on the western bank of the Chelomdja River, 3 km downstream from the Moldot ranger’s station. On that date one of the owls was sitting in the nest, and another was sitting in a tree nearby the nest. On May 26, E. Stepanov observed the owls in the same position. We observed the nest on 20 and 21 June 2015, and saw one large Blakiston’s Fish Owl chick in the nest; no adults were noted. (fig. 2 A and B). Inspector A. Stepanov saw the chick in the nest on June 23, and an adult nearby. Magadan State Reserve Inspector A. Akh-anov reported that the nest was empty and no adults were seen on June 25. Fledging date has been recorded for Blakiston’s Fish Owl nest in the Magadan State Reserve on one previous occasion. In that case, fledging occurred on June 25, 2003, when the chick was 49–51 days of age (Andreev 2006).

The Steller’s Sea Eagle nest occupied by the Blakiston’s Fish Owls was first found on August, 15, 2014 during the Steller’s Sea Eagle surveys that we have conducted annu-ally since 1991 (Potapov et al., 2000; 2013). The nest was built in the summer 2014 on a stretch of the river not previously occupied by territorial eagles. The platform-type nest was placed in a fork of a poplar tree (Populus suaveolens), which was growing on the bank

 2015 ã. â îäíîì èç ãí¸çä áåëîïëå÷åãî îðëàíà íà ð. ×åëîìäæà ïîñåëèëñÿ ðûá-íûé ôèëèí. Ïåðâîå ñîîáùåíèå îá ýòîì ïîñòóïèëî îò ãîñèíñïåêòîðà çàïîâåäíèêà Å.À. Ñòåïàíîâà, êîòîðûé 17 ìàÿ çàìåòèë ïàðó ðûáíûõ ôèëèíîâ ó ãíåçäà áåëîïëå-÷åãî îðëàíà íà ïðàâîì áåðåãó ð. ×åëîì-äæà â 3-õ êì íèæå êîðäîíà Ìîëäîò. Îäíà èç ïòèö íàõîäèëàñü â ãíåçäå, âòîðàÿ ñè-äåëà íà äåðåâå ðÿäîì ñ ãíåçäîì. 26 ìàÿ E.À. Ñòåïàíîâ îòìåòèë, ÷òî ôèëèíû íà-õîäÿòñÿ òàì æå – îäèí â ãíåçäå îðëàíà, äðóãîé ðÿäîì. Ìû îñìîòðåëè ýòî ãíåçäî 20 è 21 èþíÿ 2015 ã. – â í¸ì íàõîäèëñÿ îäèí êðóïíûé ïòåíåö ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà, âçðîñëûõ ïòèö îêîëî ãíåçäà ìû íå âèäåëè (ðèñ.2A, B è Ñ). Ïòåíåö ïîêèíóë ãíåçäî îðëàíà ìåæäó 23 è 25 èþíÿ. Èíñïåêòîð À.À. Ñòåïàíîâ 23 èþíÿ âèäåë ïòåíöà â ãíåçäå è îäíîãî âçðîñëîãî ôèëèíà íà ñî-ñåäíåì äåðåâå, à 25 èþíÿ, ïî ñîîáùåíèþ èíñïåêòîðà À.Â. Àõàíîâà, ãíåçäî áûëî ïóñòûì è â ïîñëåäóþùèå äíè íè ïòåíöà, íè âçðîñëûõ ôèëèíîâ èíñïåêòîðû çàïî-âåäíèêà ó ãíåçäà íå âèäåëè.

Ãíåçäî îðëàíà, âïîñëåäñòâèè çàíÿòîå ôèëèíàìè, áûëî âïåðâûå îáíàðóæåíî íàìè 15.08.2014 ã. âî âðåìÿ ìîíèòî-ðèíãà ãíåçäîâàíèÿ áåëîïëå÷èõ îðëàíîâ, åæåãîäíî ïðîâîäèìîãî â çàïîâåäíèêå ñ 1991 ã. (Potapov et al., 2000; Ïîòàïîâ è äð., 2013). Ãíåçäî áûëî ïîñòðîåíî ëåòîì 2014 ã. è ïðèíàäëåæàëî íîâîé ïàðå áå-ëîïëå÷èõ îðëàíîâ, ðàíåå íà ýòîì ó÷àñòêå ðåêè íå îòìå÷àâøåéñÿ. Âíîâü îáíàðó-

Ðèñ. 1. Ðàñïîëîæåíèå ãíåçäîâûõ ó÷àñòêîâ ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà (Ketupa blakistoni) â äîëèíå ð. ×åëîìæà ïî ðåçóëüòàòàì ó÷¸òîâ 2003 ãîäà (ïî: Àíäðå-åâ, 2006, ñ èçìåíå-íèÿìè È. Óòåõèíîé, ïðîèçâîäèâøåé ó÷¸ò). Íà ñõåìå ïîêàçàí íîâûé ó÷àñòîê ðûáíûõ ôèëèíîâ (×-11).

Fig. 1. Breeding territories of the Blakiston’s Fish Owl (Ketupa blakistoni) in the Chelomdja river valley resulted from the survey of 2003 (from Andreev, 2006, with some corrections of the I. Utekhina, who carried out the survey). The location of the new nest (and territory) indicated as ×-11 is also shown.

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of the Chelomdja River at a confluence with a small, dead-end side channel (fig. 2 C, D).

This is the second confirmed breeding of Blackiston’s Fish Owl in the Magadan State Reserve and in the northern part of the Sea of Okhostk. This finding is rather interesting because the nest site was in a disused eagle nest; fish owls usually nest in tree cavities or, more rarely, in a fork of a tree (Takenaka 1998; Pukinsikiy 1993). The first fish owl nest recorded in the Magadan State Reserve was found by A. Andreev on May, 7, 2003 on the western bank of the Chelomdja River at the Burgaly ranger station (within the Kava-Chelomdja easement). The nest was located at about 12 m on top of a poplar tree, which had its main stem snapped off and which was growing in a mature forest patch. The distance from that nest to the nearest river channel was 200 m; the distance to the main Chelomdja channel was 350 m (Andreev 2006; Andreev et al., 2006).

Apparently the fish owls breeding in the nest of the Steller’s Sea Eagle represent a new territory (Ch-11), which was not re-corded in the survey of 2003 (fig. 1). The nearest known neighbouring nests occur 3 km upstream (Ch-6), at the Moldot creek confluence, and 12.5 km downstream, at the Burgaly creek confluence (fig. 2 C). Observa-tions of fish owls were regularly made at the Burgaly ranger station during 2002–2007, after which calls and sightings were intermit-tent. In 2012 the Burgaly ranger station was swept away by the river. At the Moldot rang-er station, the fish owl territory was occupied in 2015; the rangers reported vocalizations of the birds from January to June 2015.

Steller’s Sea Eagles arrive on breeding territories in the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk at the end of March, and start breeding in the second half of April (Utekh-ina, 2004); their nests are placed in domi-nant, well-visible trees. In 2015 the first ea-gle was noted at the breeding territory on March 28 (Ranger: E. Stepanov).

The Blakiston’s Fish Owl is considered to be sedentary species; they start to breed in the end of March (Andreev 2006; Andreev et al., 2006; Pukinskiy 1994). This means that the by the time Steller’s Sea Eagles arrived in 2014 from spring migration, the nest must have been occupied by the fish owls. That this fish owl pair bred on a platform nest in-dicates the lack of available tree cavities. In our opinion the successful breeding was for-tunate because a highly visible fish owl chick in an open platform nest must have been an easy target for predation.

æåííîå ãíåçäî îòíîñèëîñü ê ðàçâèëî÷-íîìó òèïó è áûëî ïîñòðîåíî íà æèâîì òîïîëå (Populus suaveolens), ñòîÿùåì íà áåðåãó ×åëîìäæè â óñòüå ìàëåíüêîé òè-õîé ïðîòîêè (ðèñ. 2D).

Ýòî âòîðàÿ äîñòîâåðíàÿ íàõîäêà ãíåç-äÿùåéñÿ ïàðû ðûáíûõ ôèëèíîâ â çàïî-âåäíèêå «Ìàãàäàíñêèé» è â ñåâåðíîì Ïðèîõîòüå. Íàõîäêà ýòà òàêæå èíòåðåñ-íà òåì, ÷òî ôèëèíû çàíÿëè ÷óæîå ãíåç-äî, ïðè÷¸ì ïðèíàäëåæàùåå áîëåå êðóï-íîìó õèùíèêó. Îáû÷íî, îíè ãíåçäÿòñÿ â äóïëàõ èëè ïîëóäóïëàõ ñòàðûõ äåðåâüåâ, èëè, â ðåäêèõ ñëó÷àÿõ, â ðàçâèëêå äåðå-âà (Takenaka, 1998; Ïóêèíñêèé, 1993). Ïåðâîå ãíåçäî ðûáíîãî ôèëèíà, íàé-äåííîå â îõðàííîé çîíå çàïîâåäíèêà «Ìàãàäàíñêèé», áûëî îáíàðóæåíî À.Â. Àíäðååâûì 7 ìàÿ 2003 ã. â ëåâîáåðåæüå ×åëîìäæè â ðàéîíå êîðäîíà Áóðãàëè. Îíî áûëî ðàñïîëîæåíî íà âåðøèíå ñëî-ìàííîãî òîïîëÿ (â óãëóáëåíèè ñòâîëà) â 12 ì îò çåìëè â ñðåäèííîé ÷àñòè çðåëîãî ïîéìåííîãî ëåñà. Ðàññòîÿíèå îò ãíåçäà

Ðèñ. 2. Ïòåíåö ðûá-íîãî ôèëèíà (A, B) â ãíåçäå áåëîïëå÷åãî îðëàíà (Haliaeetus pelagicus) (C, D).Ôîòî È. Óòåõèíîé è Å. Ïîòàïîâà.

Fig. 2. Nestling of the Blakiston’s Fish Owl (A, B) in the nest of the Steller’s Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus pelagicus) (C, D).Photos by E. Potapov and I. Utekhina.

Short Reports 129Raptors Conservation 2016, 32

äî áëèæàéøåé ïðîòîêè ñîñòàâèëî îêîëî 200 ì, ðàññòîÿíèå äî ðóñëà ×åëîìäæè – îêîëî 350 ì.  ãíåçäå íàõîäèëñÿ îäèí ïòåíåö, êîòîðûé ïîêèíóë ãíåçäî 25 èþíÿ â âîçðàñòå 49–51 äåíü (Àíäðååâ, 2006).

Ôèëèíû, ïîñåëèâøèåñÿ â ãíåçäå áåëî-ïëå÷åãî îðëàíà, îáðàçîâàëè íîâûé ó÷à-ñòîê ãíåçäîâàíèÿ (×-11), íå îòìå÷åííûé äî è âî âðåìÿ ó÷¸òà 2003 ã. Áëèæàéøèå îò íåãî ãíåçäîâûå ó÷àñòêè ðûáíûõ ôèëèíîâ ðàñïîëîæåíû â 3-õ êì âûøå ïî òå÷åíèþ – ×-6, óñòüå ð. Ìîëäîò, è â 12,5 êì íèæå ïî òå÷åíèþ ×åëîìäæè – ×-7, óñòüå ð. Áóðãàëè (ðèñ. 1).

Íà êîðäîíå Áóðãàëè íàáëþäåíèÿ íå âåäóòñÿ ñ 2012 ã. Ñ 2002 ïî 2007 ã. èí-ñïåêòîðû ðåãóëÿðíî îòìå÷àëè ïðèñóòñòâèå ðûáíûõ ôèëèíîâ â îêðåñòíîñòÿõ êîðäîíà, à ñ 2008 ã. çàïèñè î ãîëîñå è âñòðå÷àõ ïòèö ñòàëè åäèíè÷íûìè. Íà êîðäîíå Ìîëäîò â 2015 ã. ãíåçäîâîé ó÷àñòîê ðûáíûõ ôèëè-íîâ áûë çàíÿò – èíñïåêòîðû íà êîðäîíå íàáëþäàëè ôèëèíîâ è îòìå÷àëè ãîëîñî-âóþ àêòèâíîñòü ïòèö ïî ð. Ìîëäîò ñ ÿíâàðÿ ïî èþíü 2015 ã.

Áåëîïëå÷èå îðëàíû îáû÷íî ïðèëå-òàþò íà ðå÷íûå ãíåçäîâûå ó÷àñòêè Ñå-âåðíîãî Ïðèîõîòüÿ â êîíöå ìàðòà, à ïðèñòóïàþò ê ãíåçäîâàíèþ âî âòîðîé ïîëîâèíå àïðåëÿ (Óòåõèíà, 2004).  2015 ã. ïåðâîãî âçðîñëîãî îðëàíà íà ãíåçäîâîì ó÷àñòêå íà ð. ×åëîìäæà îò-ìåòèë èíñïåêòîð Å.À. Ñòåïàíîâ â ðàéî-íå êîðäîíà Ìîëäîò 28 ìàðòà.

Ðûáíûå ôèëèíû âåäóò îñåäëûé îáðàç æèçíè è ê ãíåçäîâàíèþ ïðèñòóïàþò â êîí-öå ìàðòà (Àíäðååâ, 2006; Àíäðååâ è äð., 2006; Ïóêèíñêèé, 1993). Î÷åâèäíî, ê ìî-ìåíòó ïîÿâëåíèÿ áåëîïëå÷èõ îðëàíîâ íà ñâî¸ì ó÷àñòêå èõ ãíåçäî îêàçàëîñü óæå çà-íÿòûì. Ñàì ôàêò ãíåçäîâàíèÿ ðûáíîãî ôè-ëèíà â ãíåçäå, îòêðûòîì äëÿ õèùíè÷åñòâà, âåðîÿòíî, ãîâîðèò îá îòñóòñòâèè óäîáíûõ äóïåë â îêðóæàþùåì ëåñó. À ôàêò óñïåø-íîãî ãíåçäîâàíèÿ ìîæíî ëèøü îòíåñòè ê óäà÷íîìó ñòå÷åíèþ îáñòîÿòåëüñòâ, òàê êàê íà íàø âçãëÿä, ïòåíåö ôèëèíà íà çàìåòíîì ãíåçäå îðëàíà ÿâëÿåòñÿ óäîáíîé ìèøåíüþ äëÿ õèùíèêîâ.

ËèòåðàòóðàÀíäðååâ À.Â. Ðûáíûé ôèëèí (Ketupa blakis-

toni) íà Ñåâåðî-Âîñòî÷íîé îêðàèíå àðåàëà. – Ãåîëîãèÿ, ãåîãðàôèÿ è áèîëîãè÷åñêîå ðàçíî-îáðàçèå Ñåâåðî-Âîñòîêà Ðîññèè: Ìàòåðèàëû Äàëüíåâîñòî÷íîé ðåãèîíàëüíîé êîíôåðåí-öèè, ïîñâÿùåííîé ïàìÿòè À.Ï. Âàñüêîâñêîãî è â ÷åñòü åãî 95-ëåòèÿ (Ìàãàäàí, 28–30 íîÿ-áðÿ 2006 ã.). Ìàãàäàí: ÑÂÍÖ ÄÂÎ ÐÀÍ, 2006. Ñ. 309–312 [Andreev, A.V. Blakiston’s Fish Owl

(Ketupa blakistoni) in the North-Eastern corner of its range. In: Geology, Geography and Biodiversity of the Russian North East: Proceedings of the Far-Eastern regional conference in the Memory of and commemoration of 95th birthday of A.P. Vaskovsiy, Magadan, 28–30 Novebmer 2006. Magadan, North Eastern Center of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2006: 309–312 (in Russian)].

Àíäðååâ À.Â., Äîêó÷àåâ Í.Å., Êðå÷ìàð À.Â., ×åðíÿâñêèé Ô.Á. Íàçåìíûå ïîçâîíî÷íûå Ñå-âåðî-Âîñòîêà Ðîññèè: àííîòèðîâàííûé êàòà-ëîã. Ìàãàäàí: ÑÂÍÖ ÄÂÎ ÐÀÍ, 2006. 315 ñ. [Andreev, A.V., Dokuchaev, N.E., Krechmar A.V., Chernyavsky F.B. Terrestrial vertebrates of the Rus-sian Far East: annotated catalog. Magadan, The Eastern Center of the Far Eastern Branch of the Rus-sian Academy of Science, 2006: 1–315 (in Russian)].

Ïîòàïîâ Å.Ð., Óòåõèíà È.Ã., ÌàêÃðàäè Ì.Äæ., Ðèìëèíãåð Ä. Ìîíèòîðèíã áåëîïëå÷åãî îðëàíà íà ñåâåðå Îõîòîìîðüÿ: ïòèöû, ëþäè, òåõíîëî-ãèè. – Ïåðíàòûå õèùíèêè è èõ îõðàíà. 2013. ¹ 27. Ñ. 46–57. [Potapov E.R., Utekhina I.G., McGrady M.J., Rimlinger D. Steller’s Sea Eagle monitoring at the Northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk: birds, people, technologies. – Raptors Conservation. 2013. 27: 46–57]. URL: http://docs.sibecocenter.ru/programs/raptors/RC27/RC27_46-57_Potapov1.pdf Äàòà îáðàùåíèÿ: 23.02.2016.

Ïóêèíñêèé Þ.Á. Ðûáíûé Ôèëèí. – Ïòèöû Ðîñ-ñèè è ñîïðåäåëüíûõ Ðåãèîíîâ / Ðåä. Â.Ä. Èëüè-÷¸â. Ì.: Íàóêà, 1993. C. 290–302 [Pukinskii, Y.B. Blakiston’s Fish Owl Ketupa blakistoni. – Birds of Russia and adjacent regions / V.D. Ilichev, Ed. Moscow, 1993: 290–302 (in Russian)].

Òàðõîâ Ñ.Â., Ïîòàïîâ Å.Ð. Çèìîâêà ðûáíîãî ôè-ëèíà â Ìàãàäàíñêîé îáëàñòè. – Àêòóàëüíûå ïðî-áëåìû îðíèòîëîãèè. Ì.: Íàóêà, 1986. Ñ. 239–240 [Tarkhov S.V., Potapov, E.R. Wintering of the Blakiston’s Fish Owl in the Magadan District. Ac-tual Problems of Ornithology, Moscow, Nauka Publishers, 1986: 239–240 (in Russian)].

Óòåõèíà È.Ã. Áåëîïëå÷èé îðëàí Haliaeetus pelagicus (Pallas, 1811) íà ñåâåðíîì ïîáåðå-æüå Îõîòñêîãî ìîðÿ: ðàñïðîñòðàíåíèå, ÷èñ-ëåííîñòü, ýêîëîãèÿ, ìèãðàöèè. Äèñ. … êàíä. áèîë. íàóê. Ìîñêâà, 2004. 187 ñ. [Utekhina I.G. Steller’s Sea Eagle in the Northern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk: distribution, numbers, ecology and migrations. Unpublished PhD thesis. Mos-cow, 2004: 1–187 (in Russian)].

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