nationalism. nationalism - the desire for national independence, inspired people to unify into...
TRANSCRIPT
Nationalism• Nationalism - the desire for national
independence, inspired people to unify into nations.
• Let’s come up with some examples for American nationalism.
AmericanNationalism
9/11 and Pearl Harbor Unites
Manifest Destiny got Americans to reach the Pacific.
Nascar makes Americans Hairier!
Our love of celebrities make
us morons.
Nationalism Unites Other CountriesThe British
Love of the Monarchy
Bad Teeth
The FrenchThe Germans
Highly Efficient Vehicles
More of an American Stereotype against the
British.
Sausage and Sauerkraut
Has anyone ever really seen a German
restaurant?
Love of fine cuisine.
Surrender!
Central Europe in 1800’s• Divided into numerous
territories, kingdoms, and states.
• People desired economic growth, saw America’s success and remembered Napoleon.
• Wanted to form nation-states– Believed that one
unified country could provide the best well being for all its’ citizens
Germany in the 1800’s• The German
Confederation was divided into states, with the most powerful two being Austria and Prussia.
• Austria and Prussia clashed with each other
• (see map in text, pg. 331)
Prussia
Austria
Prussia• Largest German state• Junkers were
influential landowners with political power in Prussia
• Appointed Otto Von Bismarck as their prime minister.
Otto Von Bismarck• Prussian Junker who
wanted a strong government and army to get Germany united.
• Believed in “realpolitik”– The right of state to pursue
own advantage by any means (war, canceling treaties)
– Went to war three times to obtain objectives
War Against Denmark• Accomplished two things for
Bismarck– Showed Europe Prussia’s
might– Caused conflict with
Austria
Franco-Prussian War• Bismarck lured France into a
war • Many Germanic people
hated Prussians and the French, due to the war people aligned with the Prussians.
• By defeating France, Bismarck was able to unite all of the German states under Prussian rule
• The Kaiser (emperor) took charge; Bismarck became Chief Minister of united Germany
How Germany Became United• Bismarck flexed the
muscle of the Prussian military (frightened other Germans)
• Exiled Austria from alliances with other nations and German states
• Got people to align with him by making Prussia the lesser of two evils.
• Broke treaties
Germany Under Bismarck’s Reign• Pro’s:
– Strong industry developed– Became a military power
• Con’s: – Clashed with the Catholic church– Poor working conditions, low
wages, job uncertainty increased.– Socialist ideas began to creep into
Germany while Bismarck was anti-socialist
– Bismarck wanted complete control of political affairs
Austria-Hungary in 1800’s• Still in feudal
system• Large peasant
population• Nobility controlled
all the land• Austrians and
Hungarians had all of the power Location of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in
1913
The People of Austria-Hungary• Made up of different
groups of Slavic people– Czech, Croatian, Poles,
Serbs, Slovaks, Ukrainian– Made up 3/5 of
population
What problems probably came up?
Italy in 1815• Italy was divided into
independent states that were mostly ruled by foreign countries.
• Due to warfare and foreign rule, many people thought of themselves not as Italians, but as belonging to their region or city (ex: Venetians, Tuscans, etc.).
• Secret Italian societies desired to form a unified Italy and attempted revolutions.
• The revolutions were put down but the seeds were planted.
People in Russia• The Russian empire contained people from 60 different nationalities• There were 100 different languages spoken within the Russian empire• People in control didn’t like the minorities• Many Russians wanted to be more unified.
Tsars resisted pressure to reform by using repression and cracking down:
• Secret police, arrests, executions
• Strict censorship of liberal ideas
• Exiling liberals• Insisting on the
absolute power of the state (no sharing of power)
• Persecuting non-Russia groups within empire
Unrest Within the Empire• Jews were singled out
for persecution by the government. (pogroms-massacres of Jewish people)
• Labor leaders, peasants, Jews and other national minorities, and the middle-class all wanted reforms to come along with the end of the autocracy.