name: date: guided reading chapter 14-15 chapter 14 1. f · 2014-12-09 · guided reading –...

Name: _____________________________________ Date: __________________ Guided Reading – Chapter 14-15

of 5 Adapted from L. Miriello by S. Sharp

Chapter 14 1. Define the following terms:

a. Character

b. Trait

c. True-breeding

d. Hybridization

e. P generation

f. F1 generation

g. F2 generation

h. Alleles

i. Punnett Square

j. Homozygous

k. Heterozygous

l. Phenotype

m. Genotype

2. In your own words, what is Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

3. What is the Law of Independent Assortment and how does this “law” relate to meiosis?

4. Write your own example for the Law of Independent Assortment.

5. Define and then explain in your own words both the Rules of Multiplication and the Rules of Addition.



6. Contrast codominance and incomplete dominance.

7. Why do we need to look at genetics at both organismal and the molecular level?

8. Does having a dominant allele mean that it will be found in greater frequency in the population?

9. What are multiple alleles?

10. What does the term pleiotropy mean?

11. In your own words, explain epistasis.

12. What would be your “clue” that a character would have polygenic inheritance pattern?

13. What is a pedigree and how does it help in our understanding of genetics?

14. Describe and discuss the genetics of the following inherited disorders: a. Cystic Fibrosis

b. Sickle cell disease

c. Achondroplasia

d. Huntington’s disease



15. Contrast amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling

Chapter 15 16. What is the chromosomal basis of inheritance?

17. What does wild type mean?

18. Why was Morgan’s choice of fruit fly such a good one for genetic experiments?

19. How did Morgan associate traits with the sex of the fruit fly?

READ THIS: Be careful with the way the letters represent the traits – the + superscript means the trait is absent – “vg+” means normal wings, not vestigial wings. This is counterintuitive and appears backwards – be careful with it while you read or you will get VERY confused.

20. What does it mean when genes are linked or we can say there is linkage? READ THIS: The word recombinant is critical. Recombinants are the traits that are in the offspring “mixed and matched,” meaning (think of it in terms of peas) round and yellow parents crossed with wrinkled and green seeds. The offspring that are round and yellow OR green and wrinkled ARE NOT recombinants. The offspring that are yellow and wrinkled OR green and round ARE recombinants. The parental genes are thus “mixed and matched.” Understanding this term is essential.

21. In what step of meiosis would recombinants form and why?

22. What is the difference between a genetic map, a linkage map and a cytogenetic map?



23. Explain the chromosomal basis of sex determination in the following organism: a. Mammals

b. Grasshoppers

c. Birds and some fish

d. Bees and ants

24. What is the SRY gene and why is it important?

25. What is a sex-linked gene?

26. What is X inactivation?

27. Why are most Calico cats female?

28. What is nondisjunction and when in meiosis can it occur?

29. Define the following terms: a. Aneuploidy

b. Monosomic

c. Polyploidy



30. Label the following alterations in chromosomal structure. Define the term alongside the diagram. These terms will be used in the coming chapters.

31. Explain the following human disorders that result from chromosomal alterations. a. Down Syndrome

b. Klinefelter Syndrome

c. Turner Syndrome

d. CML (use the internet)

e. Cri du Chat (use the internet)

32. What is genomic imprinting?

33. What are extranuclear genes?

34. What are two diseases carried in maternal mitochondria?

name: date: guided reading chapter 14-15 chapter 14 1. f · 2014-12-09 · guided reading –...

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