mr. buttell west broward hs apush. free soil party free soil! free speech! free labor! free men! ...
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Mr. ButtellWest Broward HS APUSH
Free Soil PartyFree Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men!
“Barnburners” – discontented northern Democrats.
Anti-slave members of the Liberty and Whig Parties.
Opposition to the extension of slavery in the newterritories!
WHY?
The 1848 Presidential Election Results
√
GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, 1848
John A. Sutter
California Gold Rush, 1849
49er’s
Westward the Course of Empire
Emmanuel Leutze, 1860
The Mexican Cession
Problems of Sectional Balancein 1850ß California statehood.
ß Southern “fire-eaters” threateningsecession.
ß Underground RR & fugitive slave issues:
Personal liberty laws
Compromise of 1850Concessions to the
North• CA admitted as free
state• Territory disputed by TX
and NM to be surrendered to NM
• Abolition of slave trade (not slavery) in D.C.
Concessions to the South
• Remainder of MX cession, formed into territories of NM and UT, slavery = Pop. Sov.
• TX to receive $10 million for compensation from federal govt.
• More stringent fugitive-slave law
Compromise of 1850
1852 Presidential Election
√ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale
Democrat Whig Free Soil
1852Electio
n Results
Territorial Growth to 1853
Sec. of War Jefferson Davis sent James Gadsden as minister of Mexico. Want 1st Transcontinental RR built in South
Expansionist Young America in the 1850s
America’s Attempted Raids into Latin America
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty; Neither US or Britain would control an Isthmus in Latin America
CUBA – Pearl of the Antilles• Established slave
country• Spanish govt. rebuffed
two attempts by southerners
• Pres. Pierce plans the Ostend Manifesto with U.S. diplomats in Europe to purchase Cuba for $120 million.
• If Spain refused, the U.S. would attack since Europe is dealing with the Crimean War
HarrietBeecherStowe(1811 – 1896)
So this is the lady who started the Civil War.
-- Abraham Lincoln
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
1852 Sold 300,000
copies inthe first year.
2 million in a decade!
Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854
John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?
Mural in the Kansas Capitol building
by John Steuart Curry (20c)
“Bleeding Kansas”
Border “Ruffians”
(pro-slavery
Missourians)
“The Crime Against Kansas”
Sen. Charles Sumner(R-MA)
Congr. Preston Brooks(D-SC)
“Senator Butler, you have taken the Harlot slavery as your mistress.”-Charles Sumner (1856)
Birth of the Republican Party, 1854
ß Northern Whigs.
ß Northern Democrats.
ß Free-Soilers.
ß Know-Nothings.
ß Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
1856 Presidential Election
√ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican American (Know Not)
1856Electio
n Results
Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857
Lecompton Constitution• 1857 Kansas writes
constitution• Vote for it with or without
slavery• Against it, would protect
the established slave system
• Proslaveryites approved with slavery
• Buchanan now President approved it, and Douglas went after it with vengeance.
The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858
A House divided against itself, cannot stand.
Stephen Douglas & the
Freeport Doctrine
Lincoln to Douglas: “How does Popular
Sovereignty work simultaneously with the Dred
Scott decision?”“A territory’s residents could exclude slavery by not adopting laws to protect it.”
John Brown’s Raidon Harper’s Ferry, 1859
1860Presidenti
alElection
√ Abraham Lincoln
Republican
John BellConstitutional
Union
Stephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat
John C. Breckinridge
Southern Democrat
Republican Party Platform in 1860ß Non-extension of slavery [for the Free-
Soilers.
ß Protective tariff [for the No. Industrialists].
ß No abridgment of rights for immigrants [a disappointment for the “Know-Nothings”].
ß Government aid to build a Pacific RR [for the Northwest].
ß Internal improvements [for the West] at federal expense.
ß Free homesteads for the public domain [for farmers].
1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!
1860
Election
Results
Crittenden Compromise:A Last Ditch Appeal to
Sanity
Senator John J. Crittenden
(Know-Nothing-KY)
Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860