Motor Learning and ControlPE 712

Professor Trujillo

A "relatively permanent" change, resulting from practice or a novel experience.

It is the result of repetition. It often involves improving the

smoothness and accuracy of movements. Necessary for complicated movements.

Motor learning

A skill can be defined as “a learned, coordinated activity which achieves a goal.”◦ Fine or Gross: classified according to the amount of movement

required to complete the skill.◦ Open or Closed: classified according to the environment the skills are

performed in.◦ Discrete, continuous, or serial: classified according to whether the

skill has a defined beginning and end point.◦ Self paced and externally paced skills: classified according to how

the movement is initiated.

Motor skill

Massed: performing a skill over and over until it is achieved.◦ Risks: fatigue, poor technique, boredom, injury◦ Benefits: highly motivated, for low energy tasks & simple

skills Distributed: performing the skill with rest sessions in

between until the skill is learned.◦ For early stages of learning, high demands, complex

skills, boring task◦ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGDBR2L5kzI

Practice

Whole Learning: when the skill is taught in its entirety

Part Learning: when the skill is broken down into its associated parts or sub routines

Learning

Internal: comes from internal receptors within the body

External: comes from verbal, audible, or visual sources

Knowledge of results (KR): info received about the outcome of your performance

Knowledge of performance (KP): Feedback you get about the actual performance of a skill

Feedback

◦Describe◦Demo◦Dissect◦Drill◦Debrief

5 D’s of COACHING

Neural/ Dynamic Warm up Structure Development/ Vision Xplosive Power and Movement Balanced Movement Speed, Quickness Strength Movement Stamina, Conditioning Nutrition Mindset Flow, Spirit

10 Ingredients for Training the Xceptional Athlete

Motor Learning Basics – 3 Stages Theory

Cognitive: 1 – 1,000 Reps

Associative: 1,000 – 10,000 Reps

Autonomous:100,000 – 300,000

Reps

Practice with an Explicit Goal of Improving

Be Present. “In the Moment” Welcome and Seek out

Feedback Continuous Mental Training on

your Growth and Development Deliberate Practice…ongoing

focus on excellence

THE TEN YEAR RULE (Dr. Balyi)

Be Present and Engaged Fun and Exciting Coach Perfect Form Spinal Length with Movement Coordinated Breathing Tension and Relaxation Everything Counts (SAID) Training the Mind

◦ Thoughts+Feeling+Action= Results

Coaching: <5 Things BEST ENERGY for PERFORMANCE

EFFICIENT TRAINING/ WINNING ENVIRONMENT

Attention◦ Perceptual arousal: surprise, uncertainty◦ Inquiry arousal: posing challenging questions or

problems Relevance

◦ Relevant for them today & future◦ Modeling: persistence & effort

Confidence◦ Understand their likelihood for success◦ Provide objectives◦ Allow, encourage & reward small steps◦ Provide feedback◦ Allow control

Satisfaction◦ Learning must offer a reward (internal or

external)◦ Create connection with the “real world” not just

training world◦ Feedback and reinforcement

ARCS Model of Motivational Design (Keller)