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Model 445E Speed SwingOperator’s Manual

PMOM-4000, Rev A9/30/04

Cummins Engin

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Rockwell

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Clark Tran

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Speed Swing 441-E/445-EOperator’s Manual

1-1

Introduction ContentsSafety Alert Symbol ................................................................................................................... 1-3Vehicle Identification: ............................................................................................................... 1-5Safety Awareness Signs ............................................................................................................. 1-6Load Rating Charts ................................................................................................................... 1-6Theory of Operation .................................................................................................................. 1-7


1-2

A WORD ABOUT THIS MANUAL

This manual instructs the operator inthe safe and correct use of Pettibone 441-E and 445E SpeedSwing models. The model you will be operating may or may not have certain optional features. Thelocation and operation of all standard and optional features available at the time of this printing areexplained in this manual.

Be sure to read this manual thoroughly and understandit before attempting to operate the Speed Swing.

This manual should be considered a permanent part of your vehicle. It should stay with the vehicle, ifsold, to provide the next owner with the same important operating instructions.

Maintenance procedures for the Speed Swing are written in a separate, accompanying service manual.However, this operator’s manual does contain lubrication charts.

All information, illustrations and specifications in this manual are based on the latest product informa-tion at the time of printing. Pettibone reserves the right to make modifications to the Speed Swingdesign with prior notice and without liability to modify existing machines.

Unauthorized modification of any Pettibone product will subject the owner/operator to liability forany injury to persons and/or damage to property that may occur as a result.

Note: Throughout this manual, there are references to the directions “left”, “right”, “up”,“down”, “front”, and “back”. Unless noted otherwise, these directions apply when you are sitting inthe operator’s seat facing forward.


1-3

Safety Alert Symbol

!This safety alert symbol appears throught this manual. it alerts you to conditions that may proveunsafe to the operator or others nearby when operating 441-E and 445-E Speed Swing models andtheir attachments.

Carefully read and understandthese safety messages BEFOREyou operate this vehicle.

The safety Alert Symbol is used in conjuction with three safety words which identify differentlevels of hazards to personal safety. They are defined as follows:

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+ DANGER - Denotes a hazard which WILL resultin death or injury if proper precautions are not taken.

+ WARNING - Denotes a hazard which MAYresult in death or injury if proper precautions are not taken.

+ CAUTION - Denotes a reminder to use safeoperating procedures. Also directs attention to unsafepractices which could result in personal injury if properprecautions are not taken.


1-4

ExcerciseGood Judgement.

It is recognized that written precautions and instructions cannot cover all situations whichmight be encountered on the job.

To meet unanticipated situations, operating personnel must excercise good judgement tosupplement written safety precaustions.

Be Safety Smart!!!!


1-5

Section 1An Introduction to the Speed Swing

This section describes the locations of impor-tant tags and signs placed on this vehicle andexplains the general purpose and capabilitiesof the Speed Swing.

Vehicle Identification:

Your Speed Swing model and serial numbersare located in two places on the machine:

The first set of numbers is stamped on theright side of the main frame, at the rear of themachine. (Fig. 1-1)

The second set of numbers is on the VehicleName Plate located on the outside of the cab,in front of the left door. (Fig. 1-2) Themodel number is in the upper loeft corner ofthis plat and the serial number is in the upperright corner. The serial number of the engineis also located on this plate in the lowercenter.

When ordering replacement parts, be sure togive the model and serial numbers of yourmachine to your authorized Pettibone servicerepresentative.

Model & Serial Numbers

Fig. 1-1, Location of Model & Serial Num-bers on Frame.

Fig. 1-2, Location ofVehicle Name Plate


1-6

Safety Awareness Signs

Section 4 shows where the various DANGER,WARNING, and CAUTION signs are locatedon the Pettibone Speed Swing. These signs areplaced particularly near those moving compo-nents which pose a threat to human contact.

Some of these signs are plastic coated with anadhesive backing. Avoid unnecessary scratch-ing or defacing which can damage them. Ifother operators need to use this machine,missing or defaced decals will deprive them ofimportant safety information they should bemade aware of. Replace all decals and platesthat missing or not legible.

IMPORTANT: NOT ALL HAZ-ARD IDENTIFICATIONS AREPOSTED ON YOUR MACHINE.OTHER HAZARD STATEMENTSARE DESCRIBED THROUGHOUTTHE OPERATOR’S MANUAL.AGAIN, BE SURE TO READ THISMANUAL THOROUGHLY ANDUNDERSTAND IT BEFORE OPER-ATING THIS VEHICLE.

UserManual

Driver’s SeatPassengerSeat

Load Rating Charts

To determine how much weight you can safelylift with the Speed Swing, refer to the loadrating charts located in the operator’s cab or onpage 4-26 of this manual. These charts showthe calculated weight this model can lift overthe front or side; on tires or on Hi-rails.

In the operator’s cab, you will find the loadrating charts on the inside-back of the cab,between the driver’s and passenger’s seats.(Fig.1-3) These charts ar printed on metal messageplates that are bound to the cab by a metal ringand cable. To read these metal plates, simplylift the message plates and flip through themlike you would a book. Some of these platesalso contain important safety information.

ALWAYS REFER TO THE LOADRATING CHARTS BEFORE YOULIFT, CARRY, OR SWING ANYMATERIALS WITH THE BOOM.

ATTENTION: LOAD CHARTCAPACITIES ARE CALCULATEDWITH MACHINE RESTING ON AFIRM, LEVEL SURFACE.

Rear of Cab


1-7

Theory of Operation

The Pettibone Speed Swing Models 441-E and445-E are rough terrain forklift/railroad mainte-nance vehicles with on/off track maneuverabil-ity. optional railroad flange wheels or “Hi-Rails” are available that can be lowered ontorailroad tracks, allowing the vehicle to operateon rails. The flange wheels turn when theyreceive friction from the rotation of the rubber-tired wheels.

The Speed Swing is capable of maneuvering offtrack using for different steering modes; front,rear, four wheel, and crab. The “front” modesteers only the front wheels and the “rear”setting steers only the rear wheels. In “fourwheel” mode, the front wheels steer withsteering wheel while the rear wheels steer in theopposite direction, achieving a shorter turningradius and making travel easier in mud or sand.The “crab” setting steers all four wheels in thesame direction to to maneuver the vehiclesideways around obstacles.

The Speed Swing raises loads with dual liftcylinders capable of lifting the boom up to aheight of 12 feet. Loads can be moved fromone side of a railroad track to the other usingthe 180 degree rotating boom. This rotation iscontrolled by dual swing drive cylinders whichmove in opposite strokes from each other. onecylinder extends while the other retracts toswing the boom left or right.

A single boom-mounted attachment cylinder isused to load and dump the bucket attachment.it can also be used to tilt the front end attach-ments.

To accomodate a wide range of railroad main-tenance jobs, 22 types of boom-mountedattachments are available for the speed swing.Attachments with hydraulic cylinder featurequick-disconnect hoses which allow the opera-tor to install and remove the attachmentsquickly and easily.

Boom

Lift Cylinder

AttachmentCylinder

Hi-Rail

Hi-Rail Lower Compartment

Engine Compartment

Cab

Turntable


1-8

Notes

Speed Swing 445-EOperator’s Manual

2-1

Operator Compartment ContentsEntering The Speed Swing ........................................................................................................ 2-3Doors ........................................................................................................................................... 2-3Seats ............................................................................................................................................ 2-4Parking Brake Lever ................................................................................................................. 2-5Service Brake Pedal ................................................................................................................... 2-5Throttle Pedal ............................................................................................................................. 2-5Passenger Controls ..................................................................................................................... 2-6Defroster Switch, Left ................................................................................................................ 2-9Defroster Switch, Right ............................................................................................................. 2-9Emergency Engine Kill Switch ................................................................................................. 2-9Emergency Power Switch .......................................................................................................... 2-9Engine Ignition Switch .............................................................................................................. 2-9Heated Mirrors Switch .............................................................................................................. 2-9Transmission Hi/Lo Range Rocker Switch ............................................................................ 2-112/4 Wheel Drive Rocker Switch .............................................................................................. 2-11Roof Beacon Switch ................................................................................................................. 2-12Windshield Wiper Switch, Front ............................................................................................ 2-12Air Pressure Gauge, Service Brake ........................................................................................ 2-14Coolant Temperature Gauge, Engine .................................................................................... 2-14Fuel Gauge, Engine.................................................................................................................. 2-14Fuel Gauge Magnet Generator ............................................................................................... 2-14Hourmeter ................................................................................................................................ 2-14Oil Pressure Gauge, Engine .................................................................................................... 2-14Oil Pressure Gauge, Torque Converter .................................................................................. 2-14Oil Temperature Gauge, Torque Converter .......................................................................... 2-15Voltmeter .................................................................................................................................. 2-15Air Pressure "Buzz-Lite" ........................................................................................................ 2-15Alternator "Buzz-Lite" ........................................................................................................... 2-15Coolant Temperature "Buzz-Lite" ......................................................................................... 2-15Oil Pressure "Buzz-Lite" ........................................................................................................ 2-15


2-2

Operator Compartment ContentsRear Wheels Steer Indicator ................................................................................................... 2-15Transmission De-clutch Switch............................................................................................... 2-16Shifter Assembly/Direction Lever .......................................................................................... 2-16Hydraulic/Pneumatic Controls ............................................................................................... 2-17Left Armrest Joystick .............................................................................................................. 2-17Right Armrest Joystick ........................................................................................................... 2-18Optional Attachment Joysticks .............................................................................................. 2-19Automatic Joystick Shut-Off .................................................................................................. 2-19Emergency Power System ....................................................................................................... 2-19Hi-Rail Controls ....................................................................................................................... 2-20Rail Car Coupler ...................................................................................................................... 2-22Train Brakes ............................................................................................................................. 2-23Train Brake Air Gauge ............................................................................................................ 2-23Train Brake Control Lever ..................................................................................................... 2-23Steering Selector Switch .......................................................................................................... 2-25Hydraulic Top Off System....................................................................................................... 2-26Signalling Devices .................................................................................................................... 2-27Cab Accessories ........................................................................................................................ 2-29Air Conditioner ........................................................................................................................ 2-29Dome Light ............................................................................................................................... 2-29Fire Extinguisher. ..................................................................................................................... 2-29Magnet Lift/Drop Control....................................................................................................... 2-29Rear Defroster .......................................................................................................................... 2-30Speedometer ............................................................................................................................. 2-30Automatic Engine Shutdown System .................................................................................... 2-31Electric Heaters ........................................................................................................................ 2-31Hubodometer ........................................................................................................................... 2-31Rear Axle Oscillation Stops .................................................................................................... 2-31Spare Tire Carrier ................................................................................................................... 2-33Tool Storage Compartment ..................................................................................................... 2-34Vandal Covers .......................................................................................................................... 2-34Optional Hydraulic Spare Tire ............................................................................................... 2-35Carrier Instructions ................................................................................................................. 2-35Hydraulic Hose and Fitting Connections on Oildyne Pump and Cylinder ....................... 2-37


2-3

Section 2Operator's Compartment

This section describes the location andfunction of each seat, gauge, switch andlever in the operator's cab. Leaving theengine and all auxiliary motors "OFF",practice moving the controls as they areexplained. This will help you become famil-iar with their movement.

Entering The Speed Swing

Proper care should be used whenever mount-ing or dismounting heavy machinery. Usethe steps and grab handles provided andkeep them clear of mud and debris. Neverjump onto or off of the machine.

Doors

For security, the cab doors are equipped withdoor locks. Keyholes for the door locks arelocated in the door handles. The door key isindependent of the ignition key.

Operator's Side

Climbing Up - The grasp handles and stepsare located as shown in Figure 2-1. Thedoor must be open to access the right-handgrasp handle.

Caution: Use both hands whenclimbing on machine. Failure tocomply may result in personalinjury.

Fig. 2-1, Location of Operator's Steps &Grasp Handles.

Left Armrest Assembly - For reduced effortand arm movement, the operator's seat isequipped with a built-in joystick/armrestassembly on each side. The left armrestswings up allowing easier access to the seat.

To enter the cab from the operator's side,refer to Figure 2-2 and proceed as follows:

1. Rotate drive side armrest and joystick upuntil it stops

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2-4

Fig 2-2, Left Armrest Assembly

2. Once seated, return armrest to downposition.

Passenger's Side

Climbing Up - The grasp handles and stepsare located as shown in Figure 2-3.

Fig. 2-3, Location of Passenger's Steps &Grasp Handles

Seats

Operator Seat

This seat is located on the left side of thecab. It can be manually adjusted to moveforward and back. The adjustment lever islocated under the front of the seat. Holdthe lever to the left, slide the seat forwardor back to desired position, then release thelever to lock the seat.


2-5

Passenger Seats

This seat is located on the right side of thecab. It can be manually adjusted to moveforward and back in the same manner as theoperator seat.

Passenger compartments that are equippedwith remote throttle and brake controls haveseats that can be lifted out and faced towardthe front or toward the back.

Removable Passenger Seat

Seat Belts

Pettibone recommends that operator andpassenger be properly restrained at all times,using the seat belts provided.

To fasten the seat belt, position belt acrossyour lap and snap latch plate into receptaclebuckle until it "clicks". To release latchplate, press button on buckle.

To adjust the length of the belt, place thelatch plate at a right angle to the belt web-bing and move the latch.

Make sure that seat belt fits snugly acrossyour lap with a minimal amount of belt slack.It may not restrain you in an accident.

Throttle and Brake Controls

Operator ControlsThe throttle pedal, service brake pedal andparking brake lever control the moving andstopping progress of the Speed Swing. Thesecontrols are located on the floor at the frontof the cab. (Fig. 2-4).

Parking Brake Lever

1. To Engage Parking Brake - Raise lever to"UP" position.

2. To Disengage Parking Brake - Lower leverforward to "DOWN" position.

Caution: Never engage the parkingbrake lever while the vehicle is inmotion. This will stop the vehiclesuddenly, possible causing personalinjury. On machines equipped withoptional spring set pinion brake.The parking control is located onthe dash panel..

Caution: Do not disengage parkingbrake while vehicle is unsecured oron a non-level surface. A free-wheeling condition may result.

Never drive this machine with the parkingbrake engaged. This will overheat thebrakes, causing excessive wear or damageand may cause a fire.

Service Brake Pedal

Controls stopping progress of forward/reverse motion. Push pedal down to slowor stop.

Throttle PedalControls engine speed. Push pedal down toaccelerate.

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2-6

Caution: Rear facingthrottle and brake con-trols for use on hi-railsonly.

Fig. 2-5, Passenger Controls

Throttle Lever

Push forward (toward back of cab) to accel-erate.

Brake Lever

Pull back (toward front of cab) to stopforward/reverse motion.

Horn Valve

The passenger's horn is located in the centerof the steering wheel. To sound horn,depress button.

Train Brakes

A pneumatic train brake system is availablefor models that will be used to move railcars. This system is explained with thehydraulic controls.

See "Train Brakes" on page 2-23 for descrip-tion.

Passenger Controls

Models equipped with remote passengercontrols have a panel mounted on the rightrear wall of the cab. Controls that operatethe throttle, brake and horn valve are locatedon this panel. (Fig. 2-5).

Fig. 2-4, Operator's Throttle & Brake Controls

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2-7

Overhead Instrument Panel

The main instrument panel can be found onthe headliner above the operator. (Fig. 2-6)

Located on this panel are switches forvarious accessories, gauges that monitormachine performance, and indicator lampsthat alert the operator of important operat-ing conditions. The placement and purpose

of these items may vary depending uponthe options that your Speed Swing isequipped with.

Fig. 2-6 illustrates general placement ofthese switches, gauges and indicators.

Pages 2-8 through 2-14 describe theoperation of standard and optional itemsfound on the overhead panel.

Fig. 2-6, Location of Overhead Instrument Panel

Switches

GaugesIndicators

Key Switch

Sentinel Override

Steering Selector


2-8

A. Front Wiper J. Work Lights (R.H.)B. Rear Wiper K. Generator IgnitionC. Work Lights (Front) L. Generator StartD. Work Lights (Rear) M. Front Hi-RailE. Controls N. Rear Hi-RailF. Beacon O. Range 2wd/4wdG. Front Defrost P. Hi-Lo RangeH. Rear Defrost Q. Park BrakeI. Work Lights (L.H.) R. Aux. Tool Pump


2-9

Overhead Switches

Rather than "push-pull" switches you may beused to, most instrument panel switches forthe Speed Swing feature two-way "rocker-type" movement. To operate this type ofswitch, push the bottom (colored) part of theswitch to actuate the function. While actu-ated, the colored portion of the switch willglow. To turn off the function, press the top(black) portion of the switch.

Note that some rocker switches will havethree settings rather than the two-way "on/off" rocker switches. They will be explainedas they are encountered below.

The previous page illustrates the standardarrangement of rocker switches on the over-head instrument panel. If your Speed Swingis equipped with optional features, actualplacement of these switches may vary. Belowis a description of the standard and optionalswitches that can be found on the overheadpanel.

Defroster Switch, LeftPress this switch to operate the left defrosterfan.

Defroster Switch, Right

Press this switch to operate the right defrosterfan.

Emergency Engine Kill SwitchHold in this button to stop the engine. Mod-els equipped with this feature must always beshut down using this button.

Emergency Power Switch

Use this switch to restore your lift, tilt,swing and hi-rail functions if your machinestalls and will not restart. See "EmergencyPower System" on page 2-19.

Engine Ignition Switch

This switch has four positions (Fig. 2-8).

Acc: Provides power to operate auxiliaryelectrical equipment while the engine is notrunning

Off: Shuts off all electrical circuits.

On: Turns on all electrical circuits.

Start: When engaged, completes theelectrical circuit between the battery andthe starter to crank the engine. Returns to"ON" when key is released.

See "Starting The Engine" on page 3-2 forcomplete starting instructions.

Note: The "OFF" position only affectselectrical circuits. To stop the dieselengine, you must use the Manual StopLever or the Emergency Engine KillSwitch. Never Leave Machine Unat-tended With Engine Running.

Heated Mirrors Switch

Press this switch to heat exterior rearview mirrors when mirrors are coveredwith snow or ice.


2-10

Fig. 2-8, Engine Ignition Switch

This switch activates the cab heater andhas three positions:

1, For "LOW" speed - Press switch toupper position.

2. To turn switch "OFF" - Press switch tocenter position.3. For "HIGH" speed - Press switch tolower position.

Note: In models equipped with anair conditioner, the heater iscontrolled from the air condition-ing unit. See "Air Conditioner" onpage 2-29.

Joystick Power Supply

Press this switch to provide pilot pressureto the armrest joystick valves, activatingarmrest joysticks. (See "Automatic Joy-stick Shut-Off Feature" on page 2-19.)

Light Switch Main

Press this switch to operate the front andrear work lights. Also illuminates gaugeson panel.

Light Switch, Night

Press this switch to operate night lightingequipment.

Light Switch, Rail

Press this switch to operate rail lightsmounted on the operator's side of the SpeedSwing. These lights assist the operator inguiding the Speed Swing onto rails at night.

Magnet Ignition Switch

To operate the magnet attachment, you mustfirst press this switch to energize the magnetgenerator engine ignition system. (See "Sec-tion 5: Operation of Optional Attachments"for more information on the use of optionalattachments.)

Magnet Starter Switch

After pressing the magnet ignition switch,hold in the magnet starter switch to start themagnet generator engine. Release switchwhen engine starts. (See "Section 5" Opera-tion of Optional Attachments" for moreinformation on the use of optional attach-ments.)

Override Button for Engine ShutdownSystem

This button must be held in when starting anengine equipped with the automatic shutdownsystem. The override button will permit fuelflow to the engine even though the shutdownsystem senses low oil pressure at start. Whenoil pressure reaches 25 psi, you may releasethe button. (See "Starting The Engine" insection 3.)


2-11

Transmission Hi/Lo Range Rocker Switch

The transmission Hi/Lo range rocker switch places the transmission in high or low speed range. Tochange from one range to the other, first firmly apply the service brakes. Flip the Hi/Lo range rockerswitch to place the transmission in hi range. Flip the Hi/Lo range rocker switch to place the transmis-sion in low range.

Note: Failure to apply the service brakes firmly may cause severe transmission damage.

2/4 Wheel Drive Rocker Switch

The 2/4 wheel drive rocker switch places the unit in 2 or 4 wheel drive mode. To switch from 2 wheeldrive to 4 wheel drive or vise versa, bring the unit to a complete stop. Firmly apply the service brakesand push the 2/4 wheel rocker switch to the desired position.

Note 1: Two wheel drive is recommend for all road travel.Note 2: Failure to apply the service brakes firmly may cause severe transmission damage.


2-12

Quick Start Button

When starting the engine in cold weather, holdin this button for one or two seconds beforeengaging the starter. (See "Starting TheEngine" in section 3.)

Note: Cold weather startingaids are intended for use onlywhen air temperature is toolow for normal combustion.They do not compensate forlow battery, heavy oil, etc.Using this starting aid in warmweather could damage theengine.

Warning: Highly flammable.Do not attempt to use quickstart when engine is hot or nearintense heat. Fire or explosionmay result.

Caution: Do not use quickstart more than once perstaring attempt. Excessive useof this volatile fluid couldresult in a minor explosion.

Roof Beacon Switch

Press this switch to operate the flashing (orrotating) beacon on top of the cab.

Windshield Wiper Switch, Front

This switch operates the windshield wipersand has three positions:

1. To Turn Switch "OFF" - Press switch toupper position2. For "LOW" speed - Press switch to first(center) position.3. For "High" speed - Press switch to second(bottom) position.

Window Wiper Switch, Rear

This switch operates the rear windowwipers and has three positions:

1. To turn switch "OFF" - Pressswitch to upper position.

2. For "LOW" speed - Press switchto first (center) position.

3. For "HIGH" speed - Press switchto second (bottom) position.

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2-13

HourmeterPlug

GeneratorFuel Gauge

VoltmeterOil PressureTorque Conv.

Air PressureService Brake

Oil TempTorque Conv.

Engine FuelGauge

Oil PressureEngine

CoolantTemp.


2-14

Overhead Gauges

Figure 2-9 illustrates the standard arrange-ment of gauges located on the overheadinstrument panel. If your Speed Swing isequipped with optional features, actualplacement of these gauges may vary. Belowis a description of the standard and optionalgauges on the overhead panel.

Other gauges that can be found inside thecab include the Speedometer and the TrainBrake Air Pressure Gauge. These arelocated near the steering column and areexplained later. (See page 2-30 for "Speed-ometer" and page 2-23 for "Train Brakes".)A Hubodometer is also available for mount-ing on the left rear wheel hub. (See page 2-31)

Air Pressure Gauge, Service Brake

Indicates the air pressure in the air tank usedto actuate the brakes. Normal air pressure inthe tank should be 100 - 110 psi (690 - 755kPa). If air pressure is low, inspect hydraulicbrake system. Do Not Attempt To DriveVehicle If Air Pressure Reads Below 60 psi.

Coolant Temperature Gauge, EngineIndicates the temperature of the fluid in theengine cooling system. Normal operatingtemperature is 160 - 185 degrees F (71 - 85degrees C). If high coolant temperature isindicated, Stop The Engine Immediately.

Fuel Gauge, EngineIndicates the level of diesel fuel in the fueltank.

Fuel Gauge Magnet GeneratorIndicates the level of gasoline in the magnetgenerator engine fuel tank.

Hourmeter

Indicates actual hours of engine operation upto 9,999.9 hours, at which time the hourmeterrestarts at zero.

Oil Pressure Gauge, Engine

Indicates oil pressure within the engine whilerunning. Oil pressure at start-up (1200 rpm)should be at least 25 psi (172 kPa). Atnormal operating speed, oil pressure shouldbe 50 - 70 psi (345 - 480 kPa). If low oilpressure is indicated, Stop The Engine Imme-diately.

Oil Pressure Gauge, Torque Converter

Indicates the oil pressure in the transmissionwhich lubricated the forward, reverse andspeed range clutches. Normal operatingpressure for the Clark 18000 Series Transmis-sion is 180 - 220 psi (1240 - 1515 kPa). Iflow oil pressure is indicated, Stop The EngineImmediately.


2-15

Oil Temperature Gauge HydraulicsIndicates the temperature of the hydraulic oilin the reservoir. If the oil temperature risesabove 200 degrees F (93 degrees C). StopThe Engine Immediately.

Oil Temperature Gauge, TorqueConverter

Indicates the transmission oil temperature.Normal operating temperature for the Clark18000 Series Transmission is 180 - 200degrees F (82.3 - 93.4 degrees C). If highoil temperature is indicated, Stop TheEngine Immediately.

Voltmeter

Indicates the state of battery charge whenthe engine is not running. The voltmetershould indicate available battery voltage of11.5 - 12.4 volts before the engine is started.After the engine has initially reached 1000rpm, the voltmeter shows the condition ofthe charging system and should indicate 13.2- 14.5 volts.

Indicator Lamps

Air Pressure "Buzz-Lite"This lamp glows red and emits a loudbuzzer if the air pressure in the air brakereservoir drops below normal workingpressure.

Alternator "Buzz-Lite"

This lamp glows red and emits a loudbuzzer if the alternator fails to charge thebattery.

Coolant Temperature "Buzz-Lite"

This lamp glows red and emits a loudbuzzer if the engine coolant temperaturerises above normal.

Oil Pressure "Buzz-Lite"

This lamp glows red and emits a loudbuzzer if the engine oil pressure dropsbelow normal.

After staring the engine, the low oil pressure"Buzz-Lite" will be activated until theengine oil pressure rises to normal. If the"Buzz-Lite" remains on longer than 15seconds after start-up, stop the engineimmediately. Check the engine oil level andinspect the engine for oil leakage.

Rear Wheels Steer Indicator

This lamp glows green when the rear wheelsare positioned in a straight line with theframe.


2-16

Transmission De-clutch Switch

With the De-clutch engaged, the transmissionwill automatically shift to neutral whilepressure is applied to the service brake. Thisreduces demand on the engine providingquicker response for hydraulic controls.When the service brake is released, thetransmission will automatically shift back intogear.

The De-clutch switch (or "clutch cutout"switch) has two positions:

1. "OFF" - To deactivate clutch cutout,switch the toggle down. Transmission will nowoperate normally.

2. "ON" - To activate clutch cutout, switchthe toggle up. Transmission will now shift toneutral while service brake is applied. Forquicker hydraulic response, throttle can beincreased while brake is applied.

Caution: When switch is in"ON" position, fully releasethrottle pedal before releasingservice brake pedal. If brakepedal is released beforethrottle, the clutch engagesand the machine will moveforward. This movementcould possibly cause the loadto drop.

Note: When precision during hy-draulic operations is important, theDe-clutch switch should be left in the"OFF" position.

Forward

Neutral

Reverse

Fig. 2-10, Shifter Assembly/Direction Lever Shifter Assembly/Direction Lever

This lever controls the gears and direction ofyour Speed Swing.

Shifter: Rotate the shifter handle to thedesired gear.

Direction Lever: The direction lever of theshifter assembly has three positions: forward,neutral, and reverse. Push the lever towardthe front of the machine to go forward,center for neutral, and toward the rear of themachine for reverse.

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2-17

Hydraulic/Pneumatic Controls

This section explains controls related tothe hydraulic functions of the SpeedSwing. These controls include the remotejoysticks, rail controls and steering selec-tor. Features related to the operation ofthe hydraulic controls will also be ex-plained.

The remote joysticks are normally self-centering. Upon release the joysticksshould return to a neutral (center) posi-tion. When used to control certain hy-draulic motors, the optional attachmentjoystick does not self-center.

Other hydraulic controls that center uponrelease include the front and rear hi-railcontrols. Which are located on the dashpanel.

Left Armrest Joystick

Located on the left armrest assembly, thisjoystick controls two boom swing func-tions and two optional attachment func-tions:

Caution: Remove turntablelock pin before operatingboom. (Fig. 2-11)

Fig. 2-11, Location of turntable lock pin

1. To Swing Boom Left -

Fig. 2-12, Boom FunctionMove joystick to the left and hold untilboom swings to required position

2. To Swing Boom Right -

Fig. 2-13, Boom Function

Move joystick to the right and holduntil boom swings to required position

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2-18

3. Optional Attachment Function - Movejoystick forward and hold until you reachdesired effect.

4. Optional Attachment Function - Pulljoystick back and hold until you reachdesired effect.

(Refer to "Section 5" Operation of OptionalAttachments" for optional attachmentfunctions.)

Right Armrest Joystick

Located on the right armrest assembly, thisjoystick controls two tilt and two boomfunctions:

1. To Tilt Up Attachment -

Fig. 2-14, Attachment FunctionMove joystick to the left and hold untilattachment tilts up to required angle.

2. To Tilt Down Attachment -

Fig. 2-15, Attachment Function

Move joystick to the right and holduntil attachment tilts down to requiredangle.

3. To Raise Boom -


Pull joystick back and hold until boomraises to required height.

4. To Lower Boom -


Move joystick forward and hold untilboom lowers to required height.


2-19

Optional Attachment JoysticksLocated on the right side of the front dashpanel, these joystick control winch opera-tions or other optional attachments.

Example operating instructions:

1. To Pay Out Cable - (Optional Attachment Function)

Fig. 2-18, Winch/Opt. Function

Move joystick forward and hold untildesired length (or desired effect) isreached.

2. To Reel In Cable - (Optional Attachment Function)

Fig. 2-19, Winch/Opt. Function

Pull joystick back and hold until desiredlength (or desired effect) is reached.

(Refer to "Section 5" Operation of Op-tional Attachments" for optional attach-ment functions)

Automatic Joystick Shut-OffThe automatic joystick shut-off featurehelps prevent accidental movement of thearmrest joysticks. When the left armrest israised for exit or entry, a pressure switchwill energize a solenoid valve to stop theflow of hydraulic oil to both remote controljoystick valves.

To operate the joysticks, the left armrestmust be lowered and in the locked position.(Refer back to "Left Armrest Assembly" onpage 2-3.) In this position, the armrestassembly rests on the pressure switch tode-energize and open the solenoid valve,supplying oil flow to the joystick valves.

The joystick shut-off feature can be oper-ated manually using the joystick powersupply switch on the overhead dashboard.(Refer back to "Overhead Switches" onpage 2-9.) To deactivate joysticks, pressthe top (black) portion of the joystickpower supply switch. To activate joy-sticks, press the bottom (colored) portionof this switch.

Note: The joystick shut-off feature doesnot affect optional joysticks or hydrauliccontrols other than the armrest joysticks.

Emergency Power System

The emergency power system allowscertain hydraulic controls to be activated inthe event of engine failure. These controlsinclude the left and right control joysticksand the hi-rail rockers. The emergencypower system is useful when attachmentsare left in undesirable or unsafe positions


2-20

during engine failure, or when it is necessaryto raise hi-rails so that a disabled SpeedSwing can be removed from the railway.

During normal engine operation, the hydrau-lic system is powered by two mechanicalpumps that are driven by the torque con-verter. In the event of engine failure it isnecessary to engage an auxiliary electricalpump for the hydraulic system. The auxil-iary battery that powers this electrical pumpmust be switched on.

The complete instructions for engaging theemergency power system are as follows:

1. Turn ignition off.

2. Engage parking brake.

3. Place transmission in neutral.

4. Push the hydraulic valve selector knob"IN". (Located in lower compartment. SeeFig. 2-20)

Fig. 2-20, Lower Compartment

5. Switch auxiliary battery to "ON" posi-tion. (Located in lower compartment. SeeFig. 2-20.)

6. Make sure left hand armrest is in thelocked position. (Refer back to "LeftArmrest Assembly" on page 2-3.)

The emergency power system is now en-gaged. To use the hydraulic controls, it isnecessary to hold in the "Emergency Power"switch located on the overhead panel. Thisswitch has two positions:

1. Press and hold in "Emergency Power"switch to use right hand joystick.

2. Press and hold in "Emergency Power"switch to use left hand joystick or hi-rails

After you are finished using the emergencypower system:

1. Switch auxiliary battery to "OFF" Posi-tion.

2. Pull the hydraulic valve selector knob"OUT"

The auxiliary battery will recharge itselfwhen the engine is running again.

Hi-Rail Controls

The hi-rail control switches are located onthe dash panel, over your head. (Fig. 2-21)These switches control the raising andlowering action of the front and rear hi-rails.They should be used one at a time to thefully extended or fully retracted position.


2-21

Fig. 2-21, Hi-Rail Controls

Operating Instructions:

1. To Raise Hi-Rail -Press the rocker switch up and hold until hi-railassembly is fully raised. (Fig. 2-22)

2. To Lower Hi-Rail -Press rocker switch down and hold until hi-railfriction wheels make firm contact with the tires.(Fig. 2-23)

For further operational instructions concerninghi-rail attachments, see "Driving On Track" insection 3.

Caution: Remove Hi-Rail lockpins before operating.

Caution: Always raise frontmounted coupler beforeraising front hi-rail.

Fig. 2-22, Raised Hi-Rails

Danger: Pinch Point. Rotatingwheels. Keep hands and feet away.Maintain guard in working order.Serious injury or death can result.

Fig. 2-23, Lowered Hi-Rails

Caution: Always operate hi-rails one at a time to the fullyextended or fully retractedposition. Operating both hi-rails at the same time or hi-rails that do not make firmcontact with tires can causea free wheeling condition.

Rear Hi-Rail

FrontHi-Rail

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2-22

Rail Car Coupler

The optional rail car coupler is normallymounted on the rear of the machine. (Fig.2-24) With the coupler, it is possible toattach and transport rail cars. There arerocker switches located on the dash panelthat control the movement of the coupler.(Fig. 2-25)

Fig. 2-24, Location of Coupler

Fig. 2-25, Coupler Controls

Disengage Switch

The coupler automatically locks whenfirm contact is made with another coupler.The disengage feature permits manualcontrol from the cab to unlock the cou-pler, releasing attached rail cars.

1. To Disengage Coupler -Depress coupler disengage switch tounlock the coupler. This rocker switchautomatically returns to the originalposition when released.

When coupling to a car, the coupler mustbe open and aligned properly.

Vertical ControlThe vertical control allows up and downmovement of the coupler to assist inaligning the coupler with the rail car.

1. To Raise Coupler -Move vertical control rocker switch up.

2. To Lower Coupler -Move vertical control rocker switch down.

Horizontal Control

The horizontal control allows left and rightmovement of the coupler to assist in align-ing the coupler with the rail car.1. To Move Coupler Left -Move horizontal control rocker switch up.

2. To Move Coupler Right -Move horizontal control rocker switchdown.

Caution: Always raise frontmounted coupler before raisingfront hi-rail

OptionsSwitches


2-23

Train Brakes

The train brake system allows remote brakingof railroad cars coupled to the Speed Swing.Before the train brake system can be used, itmust be connected to the brake pipe systemof the coupled rail cars.

The instructions for connecting the systemare as follows:

1. Connect air hose located on coupler tobrake pipe hose of rail car.

2. Open pipe valve on coupler and cutoutvalve in engine compartment. To open, movevalve handle parallel to hose. (Fig. 2-26)

3. Place train brake lever in release andcharge position.

4. With parking brake engaged and direc-tional control in neutral, start the engine andallow reservoir to charge to 90 psi.

Allow several minutes per rail car to chargesystem. When reservoir is charged, brakepipe pressure should read 80 psi.

Caution: Train Brake System -must be properly hooked up andcharged with air before moving railcars.

Train Brake Air Gauge

Located on the left side of the front dashpanel, the air gauge for the train brakesystem monitors both main reservoir pressureand brake pipe pressure. (Fig. 2-27) A redneedle on the gauge displays the reservoirpressure and a white needle displays thebrake pipe pressure.

Fig. 2-26, Brake Line Valves

Fig. 2-27, Train Brake Controls

Train Brake Control Lever

The lever that controls the application ofthe train brakes is located on the right sideof the front dash panel. (Fig. 2-27)

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2-24

When the brake lever is in the fully forwardposition, the Speed Swing's train brakereservoir releases air to charge the brakepipe. As the lever is pulled back, detentsare passed and air pressure is released fromthe brake pipe. The railroad cars react to aloss of brake pipe pressure by graduallyapplying the brakes. As the lever is movedforward again, the reservoir charges thebrake pipe and the brakes are graduallyreleased.

When the lever is pulled back completelyto the emergency stop position, the brakepipe is fully vented and the brakes areapplied immediately.

The train brake lever has a total of fivepositions: (Fig. 2-28)

1. Release and Charge Mode -When brake lever is in the fully forwardposition, the brakes are released as thebrake pipe charges with air. Full brakepipe pressure should read approximately 80psi.

2. Minimum Reduction Mode -Lever should be pulled back one notchfrom the release and charge position forminimum service application of brakes.Traveling speed will be slightly reduced.Brake pipe pressure should read approxi-mately 70 psi.

3. Normal Reduction Mode -Lever should be pulled back two notchesfrom the release and charge position fornormal service application of brakes.Traveling speed will be moderately re-duced. Brake pipe pressure should readapproximately 50 psi.

Fig. 2-28, Brake Lever Positions

4. Over-Reduction Mode -Lever should be pulled back three notchesfrom the release and charge position formaximum service application of brakes.Traveling speed will be substantially re-duced. Brake pipe pressure should read 35psi.

5. Emergency Stop -Lever should be in the fully rearward posi-tion for emergency application of brakes.The brake pipe is vented and the brakes willimmediately engage. The Speed Swing andconnected rail cars should come to a stop.

Caution: After emergencyposition has been used, donot return lever to release/charge position until handbrakes have been set on railcars. A runaway conditionmay result.

Note: For normal operation, the trainbrake lever should only be used in therelease, minimum reduction and normalservice positions. The emergency stopmode should only be used in emergen-cies.

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2-25

Steering Selector Switch

The steering selector is located on theoverhead dash panel. (Fig. 2-29) It con-trols the steering mode and has four posi-tions:

Move switch to front position. Thismode allows you to steer only thefront wheels. (Recommended fortravel on highway or track.)

1. Front Wheel Steer Mode-

Fig. 2-29, Steering Selector Switch

Caution: Do not move steeringselector valve while vehicle is inmotion. Each setting has differentmaneuvering characteristics.Changing from one steering posi-tion to another while moving couldcause operator to lose control ofvehicle.

2. Rear Wheel Steer Mode -

Move switch to upper right position. Thismode allows you to steer only the rearwheels. (Recommended for backing up.)

3. Crab Steer Mode -

Move switch to lower right position.This allows you to steer all four wheelsat the same angle. (Recommended formaneuvering sideways around obstaclesin a restricted area.)

4. Four Wheel Steer Mode -

Move switch to rear position. Frontwheels steer with steering wheelwhile rear wheels steer in oppositedirection (Recommended for a smallturning circle)

Steering Selector

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2-26

Hydraulic Top Off System

The optional "top off" system is a quick andconvenient method of filling the hydraulicoil reservoir.

The top off system uses an auxiliary pumpto transfer hydraulic oil from a container tothe Speed Swing hydraulic oil reservoir.Models equipped with an emergency powersystem use the same auxiliary pump forboth emergency hydraulic power andhydraulic top off.

For models without an emergency powersystem, proceed as follows:

1. Make certain Speed Swing is turned offand properly secured.

2. Remove cap from auxiliary pump inletand install hose. (Fig. 2-30)

3. Place other end of hose into oil source.

4. Turn auxiliary pump switch "ON" (SeeFig. 2-30)

5. Turn auxiliary pump "OFF" whencorrect oil level is reached.

6. Disconnect hose and replace cap topump inlet.

Fig. 2-30, Typical top Off

For models with an emergency powersystem, proceed as follows:

1. Make certain Speed Swing is turned offand properly secured.

2. Push the hydraulic valve selector knob"IN". (See Fig. 2-31)

3. Remove quick disconnect hose fromauxiliary pump inlet and install hose for topoff. (Fig. 2-31)

4. Place other end of hose into oil source.

5. Switch auxiliary battery to "ON" position(See Fig. 2-31)

6. Press and hold in "EMERGENCYPOWER" switch located on the overheaddashboard.

7. Release switch when correct oil level isreached.

8. Switch auxiliary battery to "OFF" posi-tion.

9. Disconnect top off hose and reconnectthe pump line.

l0. Pull the hydraulic valve selector knob"OUT".

Fig. 2-31, With Emergency Power


2-27

Signalling Devices

Directional Lever

This lever is located on a switch assembly tothe left of the steering column. It operatesthe front and rear turn signals and has threepositions:

1. To signal a right turn - Move leverforward. A Green pilot lamp on the switchassembly will flash indicating that right turnsignals are working.

3. To cancel signal - Move lever to center("OFF") position.

Hazard Lights

Hazard Lights

The front and rear hazard lights are oper-ated by a switch beneath the directionallever.

This switch has two positions:

1. To turn hazard lights "ON" - Pull outswitch until it locks into place. A red pilotlamp on the switch assembly will flashindicating that hazard lights are working.

2. To turn hazard lights "OFF" -Signal a left or right turn with the direc-tional lever. Hazard switch will "click" as itreleases.

Use your hazard lights:

1. When driving on public roads to warnother drivers that your machine is a slowmoving vehicle.

2. When you stop your machine on ashoulder of a public roadway for emergencyreasons.

Fig. 2-32, Switch Assembly

Fig. 2-33, Directional Functions


2-28

Horn

To sound horn, depress button located incenter of steering wheel. (Fig. 2-34)

Fig. 2-34, Location of Horn Valve

Passenger Horn

An optional horn is installed on modelsequipped with passenger controls. See Fig.2-4.

Reverse Alarm

The reverse alarm and rear work light willautomatically turn on with the transmissionin reverse and turn off during brake appli-cation.

Note: When on hi-rails, thereverse alarm and rear work lightswill turn on with the transmissionin forward. (See "DRIVING ONTRACK" in section 3 for explana-tion of hi-rail operation.)

Roof Beacon

The flashing or rotating roof beacon can beoperated by a rocker switch located on theoverhead dashboard panel. (See "OVER-HEAD SWITCHES" on page 2-9.)

HornButton


2-29

Cab AccessoriesAir ConditionerThe optional air conditioner is locatedon the cab floor in the front rightcorner. Controls can be found on theleft side of the unit within reach of theoperator. In models so equipped, theair conditioner also controls the heater.

Controls and features for the air condi-tioner include:

1. Heat/Air Control(s) -There will be one or more control(s) toturn the heater and air conditioner onand off.

2. Fan Speed Control -Use this to control the rate of forcedair.

3. Vents -The various vents on the air conditionercan be adjusted to direct the air flow.

Dome LightThe dome light is located in the centerof the ceiling inside the cab. The on/offswitch is located on the right side(toward passenger) of the dome light.Turn the switch clockwise one "click"to turn the light on and clockwise onceagain to turn the light off.

Fire Extinguisher.In models so equipped, the fire extin-guisher is mounted to the front wall ofthe cab just right of the throttle pedal.(Fig. 2-35)To remove fires extinguisher, pull onbuckle and lift out.To use, follow directions printed on fireextinguisher unit.

Magnet Lift/Drop Control

In models equipped with an electromagnetattachment, the lift/drop control is locatedon the door post approx. 6" above steeringwheel. (Fig. 2-36)

This control has three positions:

1. "LIFT" - Energizes magnet so thatmetals can be picked up.

2. "OFF" - Slowly dissipates storedenergy of magnet, dribbling load untilmagnet is clean.

3. "DROP" - Provides proper demagne-tizing reverse current to drop load quicklyand to completely clean magnet of residualmagnetic scrap.

Fig. 2-35, Fire Extinguisher


2-30

Fig. 2-36, Console Cab Accessories

See "SECTION 5: Operation of optionalattachments" for further instructions on theuse of optional attachments.

Rear Defroster

Located in the upper left rear corner of thecab, the rear defroster can be operated by acontrol knob on the fan base.

The control knob has four positions:

1. To switch unit "OFF" - Turn knob to themost counterclockwise position.

3. For "MEDIUM" setting - Turn knobclockwise two "clicks" from "OFF". Knobwill glow indicating "MEDIUM" operation.

4. For "LOW" setting - Turn knob clock-wise three "clicks" from "OFF". Knob willglow dim indicating "LOW" operation.

Speedometer

The speedometer indicates travelling speedin both miles per hour and kilometers perhour. It is located on the right of the steer-ing column.

Magnet Controls


2-31

Other Accessories

Automatic Engine Shutdown System

The automatic engine shutdown systemstops the engine if oil pressure is low orcoolant temperature is high. The systemstops the engine by cutting off the fuelsupply. The purpose of this system is tohelp prevent damage to the engine causedby overheating or under-lubrication.

Speed Swings equipped with the shut-down feature are also equipped with anoverride button located on the overheaddashboard panel. When the overridebutton is held down, fuel flow is restoredto the engine. In an emergency situationwhere engine shutdown has left the SpeedSwing in an undesirable state, the overridebutton can be used for brief engine opera-tion.

Since the automatic engine shutdownsystem is activated by low oil pressure, itis necessary to hold in the shutdownoverride button when starting the engineso that oil pressure is allowed to reach thenormal operating range. (See "OVER-RIDE BUTTON FOR ENGINE SHUT-DOWN SYSTEM" on page 2-10.)

Note: The automatic engine shutdownsystem does not eliminate the need tomonitor gauges. A responsible operatoris aware of the operating conditions ofthe speed Swing at all times.

Electric Heaters

In models so equipped, up to three electricheaters may be found on the left rear sideof the Speed Swing. (Fig. 2-37) Thesemay be plugged into standard three-pronghousehold outlets (110 volts) using anextension cord.

The types of electrical heaters include:

1. Engine Block Heater - Warms the blockarea allowing the engine to turn fasterduring a cold start.

2. Engine Oil Pan Heater - Warms theengine oil allowing the engine to turn fasterduring a cold start.

3. Hydraulic Oil Heater - Warms thehydraulic oil reservoir to help prevent oilfrom thickening in cold weather

Hubodometer

The hubodometer indicates distance trav-elled in either miles or kilometers. It islocated on the left rear wheel hub.

Rear Axle Oscillation Stops

The rear axle oscillation stops will reducesway when operating the Speed Swing.The stops should be used to help stabilizethe vehicle when on hi-rails or when usingattachments over the left or right of themachine. When maximum stability is notrequired, the stops should be disengagedfor a smoother ride. These stops arelocated above the rear axle on both sides ofthe Speed Swing. (Fig. 2-38)


2-32

Fig. 2-37, Location of Electric Heaters

The rear axle oscillation stops have twopositions:

1. To "ENGAGE" stops - Pull down untilthey "lock" under cradle. (Fig. 2-39)

2. To "DISENGAGE" stops - Flip up tooriginal position. (Fig. 2-40)

Fig. 2-38, Oscillation Stop

Caution: Tipping is morelikely to occur whenoscillation stops are notengaged before using hi-rails or before workingwith attachments over theside.

Fig. 2-39, Stop Engaged


2-33

Do not engage rear axle oscillation stopswhile machine is operating.

Fig. 2-40, Stop Disengaged

Spare Tire Carrier

An optional spare tire carrier is availablefor the Speed Swing. It is mounted on therear of the machine and can support onefull size tire. The carrier is not availablegot machines with rear-mounted rail carcouplers.

Fig. 2-41, Spare Tire Carrier

Models equipped with a spare tire carrierare also equipped with a pulley systemand hoist cable to assist in raising the tire.The pulleys are mounted on the top of thecab and on the carrier frame, while thehoist cable is stored in the tool storagecompartment at the front of the machine.

Attaching a spare tire requires twopeople. Refer to Figure 2-42 as you readthe following mounting instructions:

1. Center boom forward and raise boom.

2. Attach hook end of hoist cable toboom.

3. Thread hoist cable through roof-mounted pulley, then through pulley ontope of tire carrier frame.

4. Insert pin end of hoist cable throughwheel bolt hole opposite valve stem.(Fig. 2-43)

5. Lower boom slowly, raising tire.

Fig. 2-42, Attaching Spare Tire


2-34

Fig. 2-43, View of Cable & Tire

6. With tire raised, co-worker guides tireonto mounting bolts of carrier frame. Theopen side of the wheel dish should faceaway from the Speed Swing.

7. Wire tire in place, co-worker places lugnuts on mounting bolts and tightens so thattire is secure.

8. Once lug nuts are in place, raise boomslightly to loosen hoist cable for removal.

9. Return hoist cable to tool storagecompartment.

To remove the spare from the carrier,repeat steps 1 through 4 above, then:

5. Lower boom slowly to take out most ofslack in hoist cable. Do not draw hoistcable completely taught or it may snap.

6. Remove lug nuts and guide the tire awayfrom mounting bolts.

7. Raise boom slowly so that tire lowersgently to ground.

8. Return hoist cable to tool storagecompartment.

Note: Use the hoist cable only forhoisting and lowering the spare tire.

Tool Storage Compartment

This compartment can be used to store toolsor parts related to Speed Swing operation.The door to the storage area features aclasp which can be padlocked for security.The tool storage compartment is located atthe front of the Speed Swing near theturntable. (Fig. 2-44)

Vandal Covers

Fig. 2-44, Storage Area

Optional metal covers are available toprotect cab windows from vandalism.When you must leave the machine unpro-tected, these can be locked into placequickly and easily, preventing the win-dows from being broken.

To install the covers:

1. Hang each cove over its correlatingwindow onto the brackets provided.

2. Padlock each hasp.


2-35

Assembly Instructions for Two ButtonPendant Station

Package Contents

Box assembly, cover and gasket, label set,package of screws, and three grommets thatwill accommodate cord sizes from .250 to.593 in. outside diameter.

Instructions:

1. Remove switches from housing by loos-ening mounting screws and sliding switchesup and out. (Do Not remove mountingscrews) Fig. 1.

2. Cut cable jacket to length shown onFig.2. Insert cord through cord grip hole,using the grommet included which matchescord diameter. Tighten cord compressionnut.

3. Make connections, cutting leads forminimum amount of excess wire in box.Strip leads 3/8 in. and connect to switches.Follow wiring diagram supplied with equip-ment to be controlled by push button station.

4. Assemble switches to housing and securewith mounting screws.

5. Secure cover and gasket to box withscrew. Fig. 3.

6. Apply proper labels to cover face bypeeling off backing and pressing labels ontorecessed areas. Fig 4.

Optional Hydraulic Spare TireCarrier Instructions


2-36

Switch Characteristics

Contact Arrangement: Single speed SPDT-DB.

Electrical Ratings:Continuous Control*10 Amp. 125/250 VAC 120 VAC 60A make 6A break*1 HP 125 VAC 240 VAC 30A make 3A break*1 HP 250 VAC 720 VAC Heavy Duty7 Amp. 28VDC Ind.10 Amp. 28VDC Res.

A-300 Contact RatingPer U.L. Std. 508.

*Note: UL & CSA Listed, 75% P.F.

Designed to meet NEMA 1, 2, 3, 3R, 4, 4X, 6, 6P, 12, and 13.

Wiring of switches:

When a set of two push buttons is used to control complementary functions such as Up-Down,Open-Close, etc., the two buttons should be wired as shown in the following diagram to provide anelectrical interlock. This electrical interlock method of wiring provides two primary benefits:

1. It prevents the simultaneous operation of both functions, thus protecting equipment from dam-age.

2. If a pushbutton switch should fail, depressing the complementary button opens the controlcircuit, thus providing an emergency stop.

The switches supplied with this station are rated at currens substantially higher than those normallyencountered in control applications. It should be noted, however, that electrical failures in associ-ated equipment can cause currents to flow which far exceed even these high ratings.


2-37

Hydraulic Hose and Fitting Connections on Oildyne Pump and Cylinder

The Oildyne power unit has two ports, one marked UP and the other marked DN(Down).Connect the DN port to the blind end of the cylinder with the 5 ft. hose. On the UP port, connectthe fittings and flow control as shown in drawing #3. The flow control arrow must point towardthe power unit. From the other end of the flow control connect the 4 1/2 ft. hose to the rod end ofthe cylinder. Install two fittings into the cylinder.

The cylinder MUST be filled with ATF Dexron II oil before connecting the hose to thecylinder fitting. The hose end fittings must be kept loose until a stream of oil shows with no air.After the air is bled out, the hose ends are to be tightened on the cylinder. Not put ATF Dexron IIoil in the power unit reservoir. The oil level must be watched to keep it full enough but not overfull. The reservoir has minimum & maximum markings for fullness.

If air is not bled out of the system, the oil will look milky. This air will settle out with time.The flow control is adjustable. Turn the flow control all the way in and then back it out

until the tire are moves down smoothly. If it is open too far, the tire arm will move down with ajerky motion.

If the flow control is turned in too far, the tire arm will move too slowly. The speed can beadjusted by experimenting with the flow control.


2-38


2-39


2-40


3-1

Operation ContentsOperating the Speed Swing ........................................................................................................ 3-2Operating Precautions ................................................................................................................ 3-2Starting the Engine ..................................................................................................................... 3-3Proper Cranking and Cool Down of the Starter Motor. ............................................................ 3-4Stopping the Speed Swing ........................................................................................................... 3-4Driving The Speed Swing ........................................................................................................... 3-4Driving on Track ......................................................................................................................... 3-6Loads & Attachments ................................................................................................................. 3-7Raising and Lowering the Engine Enclosure ............................................................................. 3-8CAB TILTING INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................................. 3-9


3-2

Section 3Operating the Speed Swing

This section begins with pre-operationalsafety which you should be aware of beforedriving this machine. Practice these precau-tionary measures each time you board thisvehicle. Your safety and the safety of thosearound you depends on your care and goodjudgement when operating this equipment.

Following the operating precautions areinstructions for starting the engine anddriving the Speed Swing.

Operating Precautions

Observe the following rules at all times:

1. Avoid wearing loose clothingwhich can get caught in movingparts and pinch points or catchon controls.

2. Do not operate machine in anunsafe condition. If a defectivecomponent is noticed, tagmachine and inform your supervisoror serviceperson. Place the tagwhere it will be noticed.

3. Do not permit riders on vehicles.

4. Adjust rear view mirror to yourviewing height.

5. Always fasten seat belt beforestarting engine.

6. Warn all personnel near or servicingmachine before starting engine ormoving any controls.

7. Make sure forward/ neutral/ reversecontrol is in “neutral” position beforestarting engine.

8. Always allow the engine oil to reachnormal operating pressure beforeapplying full engine load.

9. Always face or look in the directionyou are traveling.

10. Operate vehicle controls from seatposition only.

11. Be aware of all objects and hazardsaround machine. Watch out forpeople and vehicles while machine isin motion.

12. Do not operate machine with wet orgreasy hands.

13. Be alert for overhead powerlinesand telephone cables when raisingboom. Do not, under any circum-stances, attempt to pass boom closeto powerlines.

14. Stop slowly and smoothly whendriving with a load.

15. Before leaving machine, lower theboom, place transmission directioncontrol in “neutral” position, engageparking brake and stop engine.


3-3

Never operate starter motor for more than 30seconds at a time. Damage to the starter willresult from overheating. Allow two to threeminutes before re-starting the engine. (See“Proper Cranking and Cool Down of theStarter Motor” following these starting proce-dures.)

3. Check engine oil pressure gauge afterengine starts. The low oil pressure“buzz-lite” should go out when the oilpressure reaches 25 psi (170 kPa) at1200 rpm.

If the low oil pressure “Buzz-lite” does not goout within 15 seconds after engine start-up,stop the engine immediately. Check theengine oil level. If level is low, fill crankcase to“full” mark on engine oil dipstick. Restartengine. If “buzz-lite” still does not go out, shutoff engine immediately and consult enginemanual.

4. Check voltmeter. After engien speedinitially reaches 1000 rpm, the alterna-tor “buzz-lite” should go out and thevolt meter should register 13.2 - 14.5volts. If high or low voltage is indicated, Stop the engine immediately.

5. Check air pressure gauge. The lowair pressure “buzz-lite” will remain onfor a few seconds until the air pressurein the air tank rises to normal. Thegauge should indicate 100 - 110 psi(690 - 755 kPa). If air pressureremains low, inspect hydraulic brakesystem. Do not attempt to drivevehicle if air pressure reads below 60psi.

Note: Do not drive this vehicle until all “buzz-lites” have gone out.

Starting the Engine

Before starting the engine, be sure no one is onor near the machine. It is good practice callout a waring prior to starting.

The following instructions describe the normalstarting procedure for the Speed Swing:

1. Place transmission direction control in“Neutral” position.

Warning: Carbon Monoxidepoisoning. Operate engineoutdoors or in a well ventilatedarea. Noxious gas may causeinjury or death.

2. Turn ignition key switch to “start”position and hold momentarily untilengine starts to run.

Note: When operating in a cold climate, itmay be necessary to use the optional “quickstart” cold weather starting aid. See “QuickStart Button” on page 2-9 for completeinstructions on how to use this starting aid.

Note: On models equipped with an automaticengine shutdown system, hold down theshutdown override button as you turn theignition key. Continue to hold the overridebutton for up to 15 seconds until the low oilpressure “buzz-lite” goes out. The overridebutton can be found on the left side of theoverhead instrument panel next to the rockerswitches.

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3-4

6. Check engine coolant temperaturegauge. Normal coolant temperature si160 -185 degrees F (71 - 85 degreesC). If high or low coolant temperatureis indicated, stop the engine immedi-ately.

Allow time for the engine oil to reach normaloperating pressure before applying full engineload. Oil pressure at normal operating speedshould be 50 -70 psi (345 - 480 kPa).

Avoid full throttle operation when engine iscold.

Avoid unnecessary engine idling. Oil pressureis very low during engine idle which couldcause excessive damage to the engine overextended periods of idling.

Never leave this vehicle unattended with theengine running.

Proper Cranking and Cool Down of theStarter Motor.

The starter motor uses much energy to start theengine, resulting in rapid heating of the motorwindings. To prevent winding burnout, thefollowing cranking time limits and intermediatecool down periods are recommended:

1st cranking - 30 seconds maximum1st cool down - 2.5 minutes minimum

2nd cranking - 30 seconds maximum2nd cool down - 5 minutes minimum

3rd cranking - 20 seconds maximum3rd cool down - 30 minutes minimum

If the engine has failed to start after 80 secondsof cranking, the battery will be partially dis-charged. It is a good practice to use 3rd

cool down period to recharge the batteryflollwing the procedure recommended by thebattery charger manufacturer.

Note: A starter motor that turn slowlydraws excessive current and heats veryrapidly. If the engine is turning slowly,find and correct the cause to preventstarter motor failure.

Stopping the Speed Swing

The following instructions describe the normalstopping procedure for the Speed Swing:

1. Apply service brake.

2. With machine stopped, shift transmissiondirection control to “Neutral” position.

3. Keep service brake applied as youengage (raise) parking brake lever.

4. Rest boom attachment on ground orappropriate support.

5. Turn ignition key switch to “off” position.

6. Pull up Manual Stop Lever, or hold inEmergency Kill Switch if so equipped.(Pages 2-7 & 2-28).

Driving The Speed Swing

These instructions show you how to correctlydrive the Speed Swing after the engine has beenstarted.

1. Check gauges while engine is warming upto assure normal operating pressures andtemperatures.


3-5

2. Check that any lock pins are removedfrom attachments that you will be using.

3. Raise boom attachment off the groundand place in a safe traveling position.

4. Place steering selector switch in “FrontWheel”, “Rear Wheel”, “Crab”, or “4-Wheel” steer position.

Caution: Do not move steeringselector valve while vehicle is inmotion. Each setting hasdifferent manuevering charac-teristics. Changing from onesteering position to anotherwhile moving could cause theoperator to lose control of thevehicle.

5. Place rear axle disconnect lever in“Disengage” (2-wheel drive) or “Engage” (4-wheel drive) position.

6. Hold down service brake pedal andrelease (lower) parking brake lever.

Caution: Check brake opera-tion. Test pedal to determine ifbrakes will apply before movingmachine. Failure to do so mayresult in personal injury.

7. Place hi/ neutral/ low range lever in “Hi”or “Low” position.

Do not move Hi/ Low range lever whilevehicle is in motion, this could damage thetransmission and cause the vehicle to cometo a sudden stop.

8. Place transmission direction controllever in “Forward” or “Reverse”.

9. Place three-speed range controllever in first (1) or second (2) gear.

Note: Use first gear if you are starting offon soft ground, on a steep incline or with aheavy load. On hard, level terrain (withbucket attachment empty) you may start offin second gear.

Before driving, check your field of visionand watch out for people or vehicles in yourpath of travel.

10. Release service brake pedal andgradually apply pressure on accelerator pedal until you reach yourdesired speed.

Note: The Clark Powershift Transmissionallows you to shift the three-speed rangeselector to a higher gear as you increasespeed.

Do not move any of the transmissioncontrols (other than three-speed rangecontrol) while vehicle is in motion.

Never downshift the transmission to slowthe vehicle. This will damage the transmis-sion.

11. To stop the machine, see “StoppingThe Speed Swing” on page 3-3.

!

!


3-6

Driving on TrackSeveral checks must be made before operatingthe Speed Swing on rails:

1. Make sure rear axle oscillation stopsare in locked position. (Refer back to“Rear Axle Oscillation Stops” on page2-29.) This will help stabilize theSpeed Swing during operation.

2. Check that tires are inflated properly.

3. If so equipped, remove hi-rail lockpins.

4. Check that the attachments will notinterfere with hi-rail operation.

To operate the Speed Swing on rails, proceedas follows:

1. Maneuever Speed Swing so that thetires straddle the tracks and wheels arestraight.

2. Engage (raise) parking brake.

3. Place transmission direction controllever in “Neutral”.

4. Place steering selector in “FrontWheel” steer mode.

5. Place rear axle disconnect lever in“Engage” (4-Wheel drive).

6. Apply service brake.

7. Lower hi-rails one at a time onto trackuntil tires make firm contact with hi-raifriction wheels.

Caution: Remove Hi-RailLock Pins Before Operating.

Danger: Pinch point, rotatingwheels. Keep hands and geetaway. Maintain guard inworking order. Serious injuryor death can result.

Caution: Always operate hi-rails one at a time to the fullyextended or fully retractedposition. When both hi-railsare operated at the same time,or when hi-rails do not makefirm contact with the tires, afree wheeling condition canresult.

8. Forward Travel - With service brakeapplied, disengage parking brake andmove transmission direction controllever to the left (“Reverse”) position.The reverse motion of the tires willrotate the hi-rails forward.

9. Reverse Travel - With service brakeapplied, disengage parking brake andmove transmission direction control tothe right (“Forward”) position. Theforward motion of the tires will rotatethe hi-rails in reverse.

Do not attempt to steer while driving on hi-rails. This could cause the tires to overheat,resulting in damage to the vehicle.

Do not slam on brakes when on rails. Slam-ming the brakes will create flat spots on theflang wheels, causing the Speed Swing to rideroughly on rails.

!

!

!


3-7

When operating on hi-rails is complete:1. Apply service brake.

2. Engage (raise) parking brake.

3. Place transmission direction controllever in “Neutral”.

4. Raise hi-rails one at a time until fullyretracted.

Caution: Always raise frontmounted coupler before raisingfront hi-rail.

Danger: Pinch point. Rotatingwheels, keep hands and feetaway. Maintain guard inworking order. Serious injuryor death can result.

The Speed Swing is now ready to be drivenaway from rails. You may wish to first reinstallhi-rail lock pins and disengage rear axle oscilla-tion stops.

Loads & AttachmentsThe following tips will assist you in workingwith loads and attachments:

1. Center load as much as possible.

2. Make cerain load does not obscurevision.

3. Do not exceed rated load capacities.Remember to factor in weight ofattachment when calculating loadweight.

4. Operate at reduced ratings to allowfor adverse job conditions; such assoft or uneven ground, high winds,experience of personnel, etc.

5. Keep boom in a foward, loweredposistion when travelling with a load.

6. Avoid sudden movements whentravelling with a load.

7. Never “slam” on the brakes, this maydamage the machine, and load maycontinue forward motion after SpeedSwing has stopped.

8. Set down loads on most even surfaceavailable.

9. Use attachments in manner they wereintended for. Do not substitute oneattachment for the function of another.

10. Watch for personnel working near andaround Speed Swing. Their lives maydepend on your safe practices.

11. Work in lowest gear possible

!

!


3-8

Raising and Lowering the EngineEnclosure

To Open the Engine Enclosure:

1. Make sure the machine is in “Neutral”.

2. Parking brake must be engaged.

3. Engine is turned off.

4. Unlatch tiedowns from hood on bothsides.

5. Close hood door (if applicable).

6. Assure deck is free from dirt, oil, tools,debris and all tool/ battery box coversare securely closed.

7. Grab handle(s) and slowly tilt hoodback until check cables take hold.

8. Slide positive hood lock (LL-6824)into hole on hood reinforcement rib.

To Close the Engine Enclosure:

1. Disengage positive hood lock.

2. Slowly lower hood to closed position.Never bounce the hood on the checkcables or shake side to side.

3. Secure tiedowns to closed position.

Note: Under windy conditions the hoodshoud be tied back in the “open” positionwhen performing engine work. Tie handles onhood to battery box.


3-9

CAB TILTING INSTRUCTIONS

1. Park machine out of traffic lanes and apply parking brake.2. Lower boom, in the forward position, and hi-rails to ground.3. Turn machine off and place lockout tag out sign on steering

wheel, remove key from ignition switch.4. Secure all loose items or remove them from cab, close

windows, and exit cab.5. Lock both doors.6. Remove (2) 3/8" bolts holding hydraulic compartment door

closed. Lower door and locate yellow switch for cab tilt.Unravel cord and stretch across to other side of machine(along hydraulic tank).

7. Locate and remove the (2) cab mounting pins on thepassenger side of the unit holding cab. When removingpins, you will need to push the switch for cab tilt up ordown to loosen pins. DO NOT run continuously.

8. When removing pins, keep hands clear of all pinch points.9. With pins removed and all personnel cleared, push the "UP"

button to raise the cab. When the cab tilt cylinder stops,walk around the back of the machine. Avoid walkingunder cab until safety lock (FL-9583) is latched. (locatedon left rear of cab) NEVER WORK UNDER OR AROUNDCAB WITHOUT SAFETY LOCK IN PLACE.

10. When work is completed. Remove safety lock pin and latchto cab. Make sure all personnel are clear of the cab. Push"DOWN" button to lower cab, making sure that hoses,wires, and cables are not being pinched. Insert pins andclips.

11. Wind up cord and place in hydraulic compartment. Closedoor, replacing the (2) bolts removed in step 6.


4-1

Maintenance & Lube ContentsMaintenance and Lubrication .................................................................................................... 4-2How to Read The Maintenance Schedule ................................................................................. 4-3General Maintenance Schedule ................................................................................................. 4-4Battery ........................................................................................................................................ 4-5Axle Assemblies ......................................................................................................................... 4-5Steering ....................................................................................................................................... 4-5Brakes ......................................................................................................................................... 4-5Planetary Gear Case .................................................................................................................. 4-5Hydraulic System ........................................................................................................................ 4-6Boom Assembly .......................................................................................................................... 4-6Light Assemblies ........................................................................................................................ 4-6Instrument Panel ......................................................................................................................... 4-6Fluid Chart .................................................................................................................................. 4-7Pettibone Replacement Filters (w/J.D. Engine): ....................................................................... 4-7Pettibone Replacement Filters (w/Cummins Engine): .............................................................. 4-7Diesel Fuel .................................................................................................................................. 4-8Fuels, Lubricants, and Coolant .................................................................................................. 4-8Engine Oil .................................................................................................................................... 4-9Grease ....................................................................................................................................... 4-10Engine Coolant Specifications .................................................................................................. 4-11Powertrain Assembly ................................................................................................................ 4-17Exterior ..................................................................................................................................... 4-17Fuel System ............................................................................................................................... 4-19Cooling System ......................................................................................................................... 4-19Exhaust ...................................................................................................................................... 4-20Battery ...................................................................................................................................... 4-20Axle Assembly .......................................................................................................................... 4-21Planetary Gear Cases .............................................................................................................. 4-22Steering ..................................................................................................................................... 4-22Brakes ....................................................................................................................................... 4-23Hydraulic System ...................................................................................................................... 4-24Boom Assembly ........................................................................................................................ 4-25Light Assemblies ...................................................................................................................... 4-26Tires .......................................................................................................................................... 4-26Instrument Panel ....................................................................................................................... 4-27Safety Tag (Decal) Loacations ................................................................................................. 4-28Informational Data ................................................................................................................... 4-38


4-2

Section 4Maintenance and Lubrication

This section describes maintenance andspecifications related to the operation of yourSpeed Swing. it also identifies the placementof safety tags and decals on your vehicle.

This section consists of six major parts,organized as follows:

1. A brief MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE describes required maintenance and proper serviceintervals. This schedule directs your to more detailed maintenance descriptions found near the middleof the section.

2. A FLUID CHART lists the fluids and filters necessary for the operation of your Speed Swing.This chart addresses various climatic conditions.

3. ILLUSTRATIONS help you to locate fill points and lubrication points.

4. MAINTENANCE DESCRIPTIONS, which are referenced to by the maintenance schedule,provide a more thorough explanation of maintenance and refer you to the illustrations.

5. Locations of SAFETY TAGS are described along with replacement tag part number.

6. LOAD RATING CHARTS and MACHINE SPECIFICATIONS are given.


4-3

How to Read The Maintenance Schedule

Beginning on the next page, the maintenance schedule briefly describes necessary maintenanceand advises when service should occur.

Looking at the schedule, you will find the maintenance item described in the second column.For each item, a page number is shown in the left-most column which directs you to a moredetailed maintenance description.

Also, for each item, a symbol appears in one of the right-most columns. According to thehours displayed at the top of the column, the symbol indicates the appropriate maintenanceinterval:

Square----- Indicates periodic maintenance

Triangle----- Indicates first time to perform maintenance

Circle----- Indicates special circumstances

If a number displayed in the column instead of a symbol, this is the number of hours that maypass before maintenance is necessary; ignore the rating at the top of the page and instead,perform maintenance according to the number shown in the column.

Important!

1. This maintenance schedule is intended as a guide for establishing your own preventivemaintenance program. The suggestions and recommendations given here should be followed asclosely as possible to extend the life of the machine and obtain consistent performance.

2. If repairs are necessary, they should be performed by a qualified mechanic.

3. Unless stated otherwise, the vehicle must be shut off and properly secured duringmaintenance.


4-4

4-12 Check Engine Oil Level4-12, 4-13 Change Engine Oil 2504-12, 4-13 Change Oil Filter 5004-13 Check Lines and Fittings

for Leaks 2504-13 Check Air Cleaner4-13 Check Air Box Drain Tube 10004-13 Clean Crankcase Breather 10004-13 Check and Clean Blower

Screen 10004-13 Check Transmission Oil4-13 Replace Transmission

Filter 5004-13 Change Transmission Oil 10004-13 Lubricate Drive Shafts

Pettibone 441-E/445-E Speed SwingGeneral Maintenance Schedule

Page # Maintenance 8hrs 40hrs 200hrs Other(daily) (weekly) (monthly) (seasonal)

4-12 General Visual Check4-12 Inspect Moving Parts

for Wear

Exterior

Powertrain Assembly

Fuel System4-14 Check Fuel Level4-14 Drain Water and Sediment4-14 Change Fuel Filter

and Strainer4-14 Check Lines and Fittings

for Leaks

Coolant System4-14 Check Coolant Level4-15 Flush and Fill Radiator 10004-15 Clean Radiator 10004-14 Check Hoses 5004-14 Check Fan Belts 5004-15 Lubricate Fan Shaft

Bearings 1000


4-5



Battery4-15 Check Battery Electrolyte4-15 Check Posts, Cables,

and Clamps4-15 Test Battery

Axle Assemblies4-16 Lubricate Axle Trunion4-16 Lubricate Cradle Pins4-16 Lubricate Cardan

Universal Joint4-16 Check Differential Gear

Oil Levels4-16 Check Differentials for

Leaks4-16 Change Diff. Gear Oil 10004-16 Clean Diff. Breathers4-16 Clean or Replace Drain

Plugs 1000

Planetary Gear Case4-17 Check Planetary Gear

Oil Level4-17 Change Planetary Gear

Oil 10004-17 Clean Wheel Hub

Breather4-17 Check Mountings

Steering4-17 Lubricate Tie Rod Ends4-18 Lubricate Steer Cylinder

Bushings4-18 Check Tie Rod Yoke4-18 Check Hydraulic Steering

Pressure 500

Brakes4-18 Check Brake Fluid Level4-18 Check Service Pedal

Operation4-18 Check System for Leaks4-18 Check Mounting Bolts4-19 Check Brake Shoes


4-6

4-21 Check Operation of Lights4-21 Check and Clean Lenses4-21 Check Wiring and Connectors4-21 Check Mounting of

Lighting Equipment



Hydraulic System4-19 Check Hydraulic Oil

Level4-20 Drain and Fill Hydraulic

Reservoir 10004-20 Check Hyd. System Pressure 10004-19, 4-20 Change Oil Sump Strainer 2504-19, 4-20 Change Oil Return Line

Filter 5004-19, 4-20 Replace Air Breather 5004-19 Check Lines, Fittings, and

Valves for Leaks4-19 Inspect Cylinders for Wear

and Damage4-19 Inspect Hyd. Pump for Wear

Boom Assembly4-20 Lubricate Boom Pivot Pins4-20 Lubricate Attachment Pivot

Bushings4-20 Lubricate Tilt Airm & Link

Bar Bushings4-20 Lubicate Cylinder Bushing4-21 Lubricate Turntable Rack

Tires4-21 Check Tires for Proper

Inflation4-21 Check Wheel Nuts for

Looseness4-21 Check Tire Treads for Wear

Light Assemblies

Instrument Panel4-22 Check Gauges and Switches

for Operation4-22 Check Mounting of Panel

and Switches4-22 Check Wiring and

Connections


4-7

Pettibone 441-E/445-E Speed SwingFluid Chart

Fluid ConditionsHypoid Gear Oil(Axle Differential& Planetary WheelEnds)

Hydraulic Oil

Transmission Fluid

Lubricant(For Greased Components)

Disc Brake Fluid

Above - 15 deg. F Never Exceed 35 deg. FAPI GL-5 API GL-5SAE 80 W-90 SAE 75W

For All Ambient TemperaturesASTM No. ISO VG 46

For All Amibient TemperaturesDEXRONA.T.F. Type A, Suf. A

Above- 15 deg. F. Never Exceed 35 deg. FMultipurpose Lithium 12 HydroxystearateNLGI No. 2 NGLI No. 1

A.T.F. Type A

Pettibone Replacement Filters (w/J.D. Engine):Primary Air Filter- LL-3690-326Secondary Air Filter- LL-3690-325Engine Oil Filter (J.D. 6068D) LL-3690-57Fuel(Primary)(J.D. 6068D) LL-3690-56

Hydraulic Oil Sump Screen (Main) LL-423-33Hydraulic Oil Sump Screen(Sec) LL-6330-1Hydraulic Oil Return Line Filter LL-6330-20Hydraulic Oil Breather LL-3146-13

Pettibone Replacement Filters (w/Cummins Engine):Primary Air Filter- LL-847-330Secondary Air Filter- LL-847-300Engine Oil Filter (Cummins 6BT5.9)LL-1189-178Fuel(Primary)(Cummins 6BT5.9) LL-1189-200Fuel (In-Line) LL-3623-6Transmission LL-1670-187

(1) LL-6330-76 Main Suction Strainer(1) LL-6330-77 Secondary Suction Strainer(1) LL-6330-20 Return Filter Element(1) LL-3674-2021 Pilot Supply Strainer (For

LL-3674-1970 Pilot SupplyStrainer Assembly InLL-3673-2163 ControlValve Assembly)


4-8

Fuels, Lubricants, and Coolant

Diesel Fuel

Important: To ensure proper engine perfor-mance, by good quality, clean fuel from areputable supplier.

Use either Grade No. 1-D or Grade No. 2-Dfuel as defined by ASTM Designation D-975for diesel fuels. In European countries, useISO 1585 commercial diesel fuel. Find ex-pected air temperatures at the time of start onthermometer scale in chart. Correct diesel fuelgrade (A, B) is shown on the right of the scale.

Note: At altitudes above 1500m (5000 ft.) andfor engines operated under “stand-by” condi-tions, use grade No. 1-D for all termperatures.

Important: If engine is operated at tempera-tures of -40 deg. to -57 deg. C (-40 deg to -70deg F), Grade DF-A arctic fuel is recom-mended. Also consult your authorized servic-ing dealer or engine distributor for speciallubricants and starting aids when operating ator below the temperatures shown.

If fuel sulfur content exceeds 0.5 percent, theengine oil drain interval must be reduced by 50percent. Do Not use fuel with more than 1.0percent sulfur.

Cetane number should be a minimum of 40 toassure satisfactory starting and overall perfor-mance. At low temperatures and/or highaltitude, a minimum cetane number of 45 isrecommended.

Note: Excessive white smoke at start-up couldbe the result of low cetane fuel.

Cloud point should be at least 6 deg. C(10 deg.F) below lowest expected air temperature atthe time of starting. Wax can separate fromfuel when temperature decreases to cloud pointand may plug filter.


4-9

Engine Oil

Use oil viscosity based on the expected airtermerature range during the period betweenoil changes.

The following oil preferred:

*John Deer Torq-gard Supreme Plus-50

The following oils are also recommended:

*John Deere Torq-gard Supreme*John deere Uni-gard

Other oils may be used if they meet one of thefollowing:

*API Service Classification CE*API Service Classification CD*CCMC Specification D5*CCMC Specification D6

If John Deere Torq-gard Supreme Plus-50engine oil and a John Deere oil filter are used,the oil and filter service interval may be ex-tended by 50 hours.

If diesel fuel excceding 0.5% sulfur content isused, reduce the service interval for engine oiland filter by 50%.

Oils meeting Military Specification MIL-L-46167B may be used as arctic oils.


4-10

Grease

Use grease based on the expected air tem-perature range during the service interval.

The following greases are preferred:

*John Deere Moly High Temperature EPGrease*John Deere High Termperature EP Grease*John Deere Grease-Gard

other greases may be used if they meet oneof the following:

*SAE Multipurpose EP grease with a maxi-mum of 5% Molybdenum disufide.*SAE Multipurpose EP grease.

Greases meeting Military Specification MIL-G-10924F may be used as arctic grease.

Lubricant Storage

your equipment can operate at top efficiencyonly if clean lubricants are used.

Use clean containers to handle all lubricants.

Whenever possible, store lubricants andcontainer in an area protected from dust,mousture, and other contamination. Storecontainers on their side to avoid water anddirt accumulation.


4-11

Engine Coolant Specifications

To meet cooling system protection require-ments, the coolant must consist of:

*appropriate water quality*correct type and concentration of antifreeze*correct type and concentration of supple-mental coolant additives.

1. Water Quality:

Distilled or de-ionized water is preferred foruse in cooling systems. However, water thatmeets the following water quality specifica-tions is acceptable.

Water Quality SpecificationsParts GrainsPer PerMillion Gallon

Clorides (Max) 40 2.5Sulfates (Max) 100 5.8Total Dissolved Solids (Max)340 20Total Hardness (Max) 170 10

If Chlorides, Sulfates, or Totals dissolvedSolids are higher than the above givenspecifications, the water must be distilled,de-mineralized, or de-ionized before using incooling system.

If Total Hardness is higher than the abovegiven specification and all other parametersare within the given specifications, the watermust be softened before using in coolingsystem.

2. Anti-Freeze Concentration:

Important: DO NOT use methyl alcohol ormethoxy propanol base anti-freeze. Thisanti-freeze is not compatible withadditivesused in coolant conditioner. Damage canoccure to rubber seals on cylinder linerswhich are in contact with coolant.

DO NOT use anti-freeze/coolant mix con-taining sealer or stop-leak additives.

DO NOT use anti-freeze containing less than10% ethylene glycol.

DO NOT use anti-freeze containing morethan 0.1% anhydrous metasilicate.

---------------------------------------------------

John Deere Low Silicat Ant-freeze is recom-mended for all John Deere diesel engines.This anti-freeze is concentrated and shouldbe mixed 50% water-50% anti-freeze. Donot exceed 60 (maximum) anti-freeze con-centration. Consult your John Deere PartsNetwork for local availability.

If John Deere Low Silicate Anti-freeze is notavailable, use an ethylene-glycol base anti-freeze containing more than 0.1% anhydrousmetasicate, and meeting General MotorsPerformance Specification GM1899M, orformulated to GM6038M.

Some type of ethylene-glycol anti-freeze areintended for use in aluminum engines, andmay contain more than 0.1% anhydrousmetasilicat. use of this type anti-freeze cancause a gel-like deposit to form that reducesheat transfer and coolant flow. Checkcontainer label or consult with anti-freezesupplier before using.


4-12

3. Additives:

Important: DO NOT over-inhibit anti-freezesolutions, as this can cause silicate-drpout.When this happens, a gel-type deposit iscreated which retards heat transfer andcoolant flow. DO NOT use soluble oil.

ALWAYS inhibit the anti-freeze/coolant mixwith a non-chromate inhibitor such asRE23182 John Deere Liquid Coolant Condi-tioner. Follow the supplier’s recommenda-tions printed on the container.

Important: John deere Liquid CoolantCondition does NOT protect against freez-ing.

in tropical areas where anti-freeze or JohnDeere Engine Cooling Fluid is not available,it is acceptable to use water meeting thequality specification on the previous pageand John Deere Liquid Coolant Conditioner.The Remmended contration of John DeereLiquid Coolant Conditioner must be doubledto 6% (60mL per liter of cooling systemcapacity) by volumewhen used with wateronly (no anti-freeze).

Additives eventually lose their effectivenessand must be recharged with additional liquidcoolant conditioner. See label on containerfor recommended service intervals andconcentrations rates.

Contact your authorized servicing dealer orengine distributor, if there are further ques-tion.


4-13

Fig. 4-3, Top View

Fig. 4-4, Fuel & Hydraulic Oil Reservoirs


4-14

Fig. 4-5, Side View - Driver’s Side

Fig. 4-6, Side View - Passenger’s Side


4-15

Fig. 4-7, Differentials & Axle Assemblies

Fig. 4-8, Axle & Wheel End


4-16

Fig. 4-9, Boom Assembly

Fig. 4-10, Powertrain Assembly


4-17

Exterior

Figure # Fluid/Filter

None None

ServiceBefore starting, vusually inspect the SpeedSwing for anything unusual and insure thatdoors and panels are properly secured.

Every 8 Hours of Operation

Figure # Fluid/Filter

None None

ServiceInspect all bushings and pins for wear, burrs,and mars. Replace if necessary. Checkframe weldment for wear, cracks, and stressmarks. Repair or replace damaged units.


Powertrain Assembly

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-2 Engine Oil

4-6 Transmission Fluid

ServiceCheck the oil level in the crankcase beforestarting the engine. Add oil if necessary.Check the transmission fluid level.



4-2 Oil Filter

ServiceThe first oil change should take place after40 hours of operation. Subsequent oilchanges should take place every 250 hours.After changing oil, start engine and checkfor leaks.Replace the engine oil filter with the first oilchange, and then every other oil change.After filter has been replaced, start engineand check for leaks.



4-18

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-5 Air Filter

4-10 Lubricant

Serviceinspect the air cleaner for dust, leaks, ordamage. Clean or repair as necessary.(Note: An inefficient air cleaner can seri-ously affect the performance and life of yourengine).Lubricate drive shafts.



None None

ServiceDrain engine oil and refill. Drain oil byremoving the drain plug from the bottom onthe engine oil pan. Collect the used oil in asuitable container for proper disposal. Afteroil has been changed, start engine and checkfor leaks.Inspect oil lines and fittings for leaks.Repair as necessary.


Figure # Fluid/Filter4-2 Oil Filter

4-5 Transmission FluidFilter

ServiceReplace Oil fiter element and gasket. Afterreplacing, start engine and check for leaks.

Change transmission fluid filter. Check forleaks.


Figure # Fluid/Filter4-1 None

4-2 None

4-2 None

4-6 Transmission Fluid

ServiceWith engine running, check for flow of airfrom drain tube. If clogged, remove andclean. if the engine is equipped with an airbox drain tank, drain sediment from tank.Remove crankcase breather and clean withfuel oil. Driy with compressed air.Inspect blower screen. If necessary, cleanwith fuel oil and diry with compressed air.Change transmission fluid. Check for leaks.



4-19

Fuel System

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-4 Diesel Fuel

None None

ServiceCheck fuel supply daily before startingengine. Keep fuel tank full to avoid con-densation.In models so equipped, drain water andsediment from the fuel/water seperator.


Figure # Fluid/Filter4-1, 4-2 Engine Fuel Filters

None None

ServiceInstall new fuel filter and strainer. Afterreplacing, start engine and check for leaks.Inspect fuel lines and connections for leaks.Repair as necessary.


Cooling System

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-3 Engine Coolant

ServiceCheck coolant level in the radiator beforestarting the engine. Add fluid, if necessary.


Figure # Fluid/FilterNone None

None None

ServiceInspect cooling system hoses for signs ofwear or deteriorations. Replace as neces-sary.Check fan, alternator, and pump drive beltsfor wear, damage, and tension. The beltsshould be tight enough to drive the partswithout slipping. Do not over-tighten.Replace as necessary.



4-20

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-3 Engine Coolant

None None

None None

ServiceFlush the cooling system. Use an appropri-ate cleaning compound in accordance withinstructions on container. After flushing,rinse thoroughly with fresh water and refillwith a suitable mixture of soft water andanti-freeze for your climate.Inspect the exterior of the radiator core fordeterioration, damage, and dirt. Ifnecessare, clean with fuel oil and dry withlight application of compressed air.Lubricate fan shaft bearing.


Exhaust


ServiceCheck exhaust system for leaks, wear, ordamage. Repair as necessary.


Battery

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-5 Water

4-5 None

4-5 None

ServiceCheck batter electrolyte level. Add water ifnecessary, but do not overfill. Overfillingcan damage the battery.Check battery posts, cables, and clamps forcorrosion. If necessary, clean and reapply alight coat of grease. Replace corroded ordamaged parts.Perform a hydrometer test. Reading mustbe correct for electrolyte temperature.


4-21

Axle Assembly

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-7 Lubricant

ServiceLubricate axle trunion bushings.


Figure # Fluid/Filter4-3 Lubricant4-7 Hypoid Gear Oil

None None

4-7 None

ServiceLubricate cradle pinsCheck front anf rear differential gear oillevel. Oil level should be just below the fillhole when fill plug is removed. Add oil ifnecessary.Check for leaks around front and reardifferentials. Repair immediately if leaks arefound.Remove and clean and rear differentialbreathers. To remove, use a wrench tounscrew the breather from the axle.



ServiceLubricate Cardan universal joint.


Figure # Fluid/Filter4-7 Hypoid Gear Oil

4-7 None

ServiceChange front and rear differential gear oil.To drain the gear oil, remove the drain plugsand collect the used oil in a suitable con-tainer for proper disposal. Replace the drainplugs and fill each differential so that thegear oil level is just below the fill hole.When changing differential gear oil, cleanmagnetic drain plugs located at the bottomof the axles. If magnetic strength is weak,replace the plugs.



4-22

Planetary Gear Cases


4-8 None

ServiceCheck planetary gear oil level in each wheel.To check the level, rotate the wheel so thatthe fill/drain plug is in fill position. The gearoil level should be just below the fill hole.Clean dirt and debris from the wheel hubbreather.



ServiceCheck mounting screw and nuts for loose-ness. Tighten as necessary.



ServiceChange planetary gear oil. To drain, rotatethe wheel so that the fill/drain plug is in thedrain position. Remove the plug and collectthe used oil in a suitable container for properdisposal. After the oil has been drained,rotate the wheel so that the fill/drain plug isin the fill position and fill so that the oil levelis just below the fill hole.


Steering


ServiceLubricate tie rod ends. Check for signs ofwear or damage.



4-23


ServiceLubricate steer cylinder bushings. Checksteer cylinders for signs of wear, damage, orleaks.



ServiceCheck tie rod yoke assembly for wear orlooseness. Repair if excessive.

Every 200 Hours of Operations


ServiceCheck hydraulic system pressure for steer-ing. Normal pressure should read approxi-mately 2300 psi.


Brakes

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-1 Brake Fluid

None None

ServiceCheck brake fluid level. Add fluid, if neces-sary.Check service pedal operation. If brakes arenot functioning properly, DO NOT DRIVETHE MACHINE -- HAVE THE BRAKESREPAIRED IMMEDIATELY.



None None

ServiceCheck brake cylinder, lines and fittings forleaks. Repair or replace parts as necessary.DO NOT ATTEMPT TO USEMACHINE IF A LEAKS IS SUPECTED.Check mounting bolts for both service brakeand parking brake. Thighten as necessary.Lubricate parking brake cable if necessary.



4-24


ServiceInspect brake shoes for signs of wear ordamage. Replace as necessary, when padthickness is less than 0.125 inch (3.2mm) fromthe back plate or brake pad is damaged.


Hydraulic System

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-4 Hydraulic Oil

ServiceCheck hydraulic oil level. The engine mustbe shut off, the boom Must be resting on theground, and all cylinders must be retractedwhen checking. To fill, use a recommendedgrade lubricant filtered through a 10 micronfilter



Sump Strainer

4-6 Hydraulic OilReturn Line Filter

None None

ServiceThe oil sump strainer should be changedafter the first 40 hours of operation. Subse-quent changes should take place every 500hours.The oil return line filter should be changedafter the first 40 hours of operation. Subse-quent changes should take place every 500hours.Inspect hydraulic pump and valves for leaksand proper operation.


Figure # Fluid/Filter4-4 Hydraulic Air

Breather

None None

None None

ServiceIn an extremely dusty or dirty environment,replace the hydraulic air breather every 200hours.Check hydraulic lines and fittings for leaks.Repair any leaks before operating equipment.Inspect hydraulic pump and valves for leaksand proper operation.



4-25


ServiceChange the hydraulic oil sump strainer. Thisstrainer should also be changed after the first40 hours of operation. (Note: An inefficientstrainer can cause the hydraulic system tofail.

Figure # Fluid/Filter4-6 Return Line Filter4-4 Air Breather

ServiceChange the hydraulic oil line filter.Replace the hydraulic reservoir air breather.




None None

ServiceDrain and fill the hydraulic oil reservoir. Theengine must be shut off, the boom must beresting on the ground and the cylinders mustbe retracted when draining and filling. Todrain, remove the plug on the side of thereservoir and collect the used oil in a suitablecontainer for proper disposal. When filling,use a recommended grade of lubricantfiltered through a 10 micron filter.Check hydraulic system pressure afterchanging the hydraulic oil. Main reliefpressure should read approximately 2100 psi.Pilot pressure should read approximatel 360psi.


Figure # Fluid/Filter4-9 Lubricant4-9 Lubricant4-9 Lubricant4-9 Lubricant

ServiceLubricate boom pivot pins.Lubricate attachment pivot bushings.Lubricate tilt are & link bar pivot bushings.Lubricate all cylinder bushings.


Boom Assembly


4-26


ServiceLubricate turntable rack.


Tires


None None

ServiceCheck tires for proper tire pressure. Operat-ing the Speed Swing with improperly inflatedtires could result in damage to the machineor personal injury.Check wheel nuts for looseness. Tighten ifnecessary. DO NOT OPERATE THESPEED SWING WITH MISSING ORLOOSE WHEEL NUTS.



ServiceCheck tire treads for signs of wear or dam-age. Replace as necessary.



None None

ServiceCheck for proper operation of lights. Re-place or repair lights as necessary.Check lenses for cracks or excessive dirt.Clean or replaceas necessary.


Light Assemblies


4-27


ServiceCheck mounting of lighting equipment.Repair or tighten as necessary.



ServiceCheck wiring and connections for wear,breaks, or loose mountings.


Instrument Panel


ServiceCheck switches, gauges, and controls forproper operation. Repair or replace asnecessary.



None None

ServiceCheck mounting of instrument panel andswitches. Tighten or repair as necessary.Check wiring and connections for wear,breaks, or loose mountings. Repair asnecessary.



4-28

Safety Tag (Decal) Loacations

See Pages 4-30 & 4-31 for descriptions and part numbers.


4-29

!

REMOVE THIS LINE BEFOREOPERATING RAIL EXTENSION BOOM

L-9644

1. L-9644Located on both sides of link bar.

DEATH

UNLAWFUL

RESULTS FROM BOOM, LINE OR LOADCONTACTING ELECTRIC LINES.

TO OPERATE THIS MACHINE OR PLACEBOOM, LINE OR LOAD WITH 10 FEET PLUSTWICE LINE INSULATOR LENGTH OF ANYELECTRICAL POWER LINE.

2. L3-7422Located on both sides of boom.

THIS VEHICLE ISEQUIPPED WITH A BACK UP

ALARM WHEN BACKING. THE

ALARMMUST SOUNDTHE OPERATOR IS RESPONSIBLE

FOR THE SAFE USE OFTHIS VEHICLE.

3. LL-4531-3Located on overhead dashboard.

!KEEP CLEAR IF ENGINE IS RUN-NING.INJURY OR DEATH MAY RESULT.

4. L1-10297-1Located on engine compartmentcover, both sides of machine.

!COOLANT UNDER PRESSURE RELEASESYSTEM PRESSURE BEFORE REMOVING. HOT RADIATORCAP MAY CAUSE SERIOUS BURNS.

5. LL-4626Located near radiator cap at rear of machine.

!

TO REMOVE CAP, SHUT DOWN ENGINE TOCOOL. THEN LOOSEN CAP TO RELIEVEPRESSURE.SCALDING FROM HOT WATER MAYRESULT

6. L1-10297Located near radiator cap at rearof machine.

!MOVING BELTSKEEP HANDS, HAIR, AND LOOSECLOTHING CLEAR.INJURY OR DEATH MAY RESULT.

7. L-10297 LOCATED ON ENGINECOMPARTMENT COVER, BOTH SIDESOF MACHINE.

!PINCH POINT

ROTATING WHEELSKEEP HANDS AND FEET AWAY.MAINTAIN GUARD IN WORKINGORDER. SERIOUS INJURY OR

DEATH CAN RESULT

8. L-9746Located on hi-rail guards, front and rear, both sides.


4-30

!

NO RIDING9. L-9870Located near cab doors, both sides of ma-chine

!USE BOTH HANDS WHEN CLIMB-ING ON MACHINE.FAILURE TO COMPLY MAY RE-SULT IN PERSONAL INJURY.

10. L1-10298Located near cab door, both sides.

!

11. L-10297-1Located near battery inside lowercompartment.

EXPLOSIVE GAS KEEP OPEN FLAME ORELECTRIC SPARK AWAY FROM BATTERY. DONOT LAY TOOLS ACROSS OR SHORT OUTTERMINALS. MAY RESULT IN EXPLOSION ANDINJURY OR DEATH

!

BEFORE WORKING ON ANY PART OF THEELECTRICAL SYSTEM, DISCONNECT THEBATTERY GROUND CABLE.

12. LL-4628Located near battery inside lower compart-ment.

-WATCH-YOUR STEP

13. LL-4773Located near cab door, both side.

! CAUTIONALWAYS OPERATE HI-RAIL ONE AT A TIMETO THE FULLY EXTENDED OR FULLYRETRACTED POSITION. OPERATING BOTHHI-RAILS AT THE SAME TIME CAN CAUSE AFREE WHEELING CONDITION.

14. L-9469Located inside cab, near hi-railcontrols.


4-31

WARNING!

Load Rating Instructions

1. Operating construction equipment can be dangerous. Operator must read, understand, and comply with operator’s manual before operating this equipment.

2. Capacities marked with an asterisk (*) are governed by factors other than stability of the machine. Lifting loads in excess of these capacities may caust structural failure of the machine.

3. Rated loads are based on 75% of tipping. Machine must be in proper working condition, level on firm supporting surface, with the rear axle lockouts engaged, when lifting these loads.

4. The weight of any lifting equipment (chains, slings, spreader bars, etc.) must be deducted from these loads.

5. Operator must make allowances for such conditions as out of level, wind, supporting surfaces, personnel safety, etc., and reduce loads accordingly.

6. Least stable condition is over the side on Hi-Rail.

7. Rated loads as shown on lift chart pertain to this machine as originally manufactured and equipped. Modifications to the machine or use of optional equipment other than that specified can result in a reduction of capacity.

IMPORTANT! RE-READ THE WARNING NOTICES REFERENCED ABOVE. IN ADDITION TO THECONSEQUENCES NOTED, FAILURE TO OBSERVE ANY OR ALL OF THESE MEASURES CANCAUSE PART FAILURE OR RESULT IN A MISHAP WHICH CAN CAUSE PROPERTY DAMAGE,PERSONAL INJURY OR EVEN DEATH.

L2-10293


4-32

LOAD RATINGS PETTIBONE MODEL 445-E SPEED SWING

WITH 79" TOTE HOOK AND HI-RAIL

CAPACITIES MAXIMALES DE LEVAGEGRUE POLYVALENTE PETTIBONE MODELE 445-E

EQUIPEE D'UNE FLECHE A CROCHET DE MANUTENTION DE 79 PO ET D'UN DISPOSITIF RAIL-ROUTE

LOAD SUPER FRONT QUADRANT SIDE QUADRANTRADIUSELEVATION LEVAGE SUR L'AVANT LEVAGE SUR LE COTE

(IN) ON RUBBER ON RAILS ON RUBBER ON RAILS SUR PNEUS SUR RAILS SUR PNEUS SUR RAILS

RAYON DE DEVERS MANOUEVR

ESurhausseme

nt (PO) STATIC* PICK & CARRY*

*

STATIC* PICK & CARRY*

*


*


*0 5,925 4,950 2,10012

9' - 8" 345 4,1506 3,4000 5,925 3,525 3,675 1,50012

12' - 0" 34 3,775560 6,407 3,770 4,600 2,520 3,150 1,46012

14' - 9" 3456

*SANS WARNING! Pick and carry speeds on rubber should not exceed 2.5 mph.DEPLACEMENT WARNING! Pick and carry over the side quadrant must be at creep speeds

(0-2.5) mph only.**AVEC WARNING! Shaded area indicates capacities governed by factors other than machineDEPLACEMENT stability. Lifting in excess of these capacities may result in machine

overturning or structrural failure causing death or injury.

ATTENTION! Sur pneus, ne pas depasser 2.5 mi/h en deplacement avec une charge. ATTENTION! Rouler a tres petite vitesse avec une charge levee sur le cote. ATTENTION! Les valeurs de charge encadrees en gris ne dependent pas de la stabilite

de l'engin. Leur depassement comporte un danger de mort par risque debasculement de la grue ou de ruine de la fleche.

10,000 10,000 10,000 8,000

10,000 10,000 7,550

6,775

5,700

4,830

4,760

4,590

4,310

4,080

1,650

1,425

1,350

4,525

3,025

5,810

5,660

5,620

3,350

3,180

3,000

3,525

3,330

3,130

1,350

1,125

930

8,500 8,500

6,025

5,275

3,400 3,000

2,870

2,700

1,200

1,050

900

4,275 2,400

7,550

5,350

1,875


4-33

Load Radius Over Front Over Side (Ft) (Lbs) On Rubber (Lbs) On Hi-Rail (Lbs)

7 10,000* 8,000* 5,4008 10,000* 8,000* 4,7009 10,000* 8,000* 4,20010 10,000* 8,000* 3,80011 10,000* 6,900 3,40012 10,000* 6,100 3,10013 9,000 5,300 2,90014 8,500 4,600 2,70017 6,500 3,500 2,200

Maximum Allowable Working Load (Lbs)

* Read Load Rating Instructions, L2-10293

For Quick Coupler, Deduct 775 Pounds


4-34

Maximum Allowable Working Load (Lbs)

Over Front Over Side

Far Near Far NearHook Hook Hook Hook

2,000 8,000 1,900 7,000


4-35

Over Front Over Side

Far Near On Rubber On Hi-RailHook Hook Far Near Far Near

Hook Hook Hook Hook2,000 8,000 1,900 7,000 1,300 5,800

Read Load Rating Instructions, L2-10293


4-36

LOAD RATINGS PETTIBONE MODEL 445-E SPEED SWING WITH 20' HYDRAULIC EXTENSION BOOM AND HI-RAIL

CAPACITIES MAXIMALES DE LEVAGEGRUE POLYVALENTE PETTIBONE MODELE 445-E

EQUIPEE D'UNE FLECHE HYDRAULIQUE DE 20 PI ET D'UN DISPOSITIF RAIL-ROUTE

LOAD SUPER FRONT QUADRANT SIDE QUADRANTRADIUSELEVATION LEVAGE SUR L'AVANT LEVAGE SUR LE COTE

(IN) ON RUBBER ON RAILS ON RUBBER ON RAILS SUR PNEUS SUR RAILS SUR PNEUS SUR RAILS

RAYON DE DEVERS MANOUEVR

ESurhausseme

nt (PO) STATIC* PICK & CARRY*

*


*


*


*0 3,150 1,800 2,525 68912

20' - 1" 34 3,450 1450560 2,470 1,270 1,925 45012

24' - 3" 34 1,100560 2,675 1,150 1,950 970 1,450 30012

28' - 5" 3456

*SANS WARNING! Pick and carry speeds on rubber should not exceed 2.5 mph.DEPLACEMENT WARNING! Pick and carry over the side quadrant must be at creep speeds

(0-2.5) mph only.

**AVEC WARNING! Shaded area indicates capacities governed by factors other than machine

DEPLACEMENT stability. Lifting in excess of these capacities may result in machine

overturning or structrural failure causing death or injury.

WARNING! Blackened area indicates no lift possible.

ATTENTION! Sur pneus, ne pas depasser 2.5 mi/h en deplacement avec une charge.

ATTENTION! Rouler a tres petite vitesse avec une charge levee sur le cote.

ATTENTION! Les valeurs de charge encadrees en gris ne dependent pas de la stabilite

de l'engin. Leur depassement comporte un danger de mort par risque de

basculement de la grue ou de ruine de la fleche.

ATTENTION! En noir situations ou le levage est interdit.

4,000 4,000 2,850

3,500 3,500

2,300

2,000

1,850

525

375

225

1,525

1,425

750

1,750

1,525

1,450

375

3,000

3,000

2,810

2,225

2,050

1,100

850

525

1,800 930

2,050

1,825

1,000

1,650

3,300

2,800

2,600

2,170 1,160

4,000

3,200


4-37


4-38

Informational Data

441-E Tire Inflation Chart

Tire & Ply Rating Inflation-PSI14:00x24-10PR 5516:00x24-12PR 35

Keep wheel nuts torqued to 400-450 Lbs-Ft.

445-E Tire Inflation Chart

Tire & Ply Rating Inflation-PSI14:00x24-12PR 6514:00x24-16PR 6514:00R24 *Radial 65

Keep wheel nuts torqued to 400-450 Lbs-Ft.

Attachment Weight Chart

Attachment Part Number Wt.(Lbs.)30 Inch Magnet LA-1041-1 1050Quick Coupler LA-1723-1 7751/3 Cord Grapple LA-1552-4 or 10 750


4-39

441-E Speed Swing

Lifting Capacity - 8,000 Lbs. (3,628 kg)Boom Rotation - 180 degrees.

Machine Weight -w/o Hi-Rail* - 23,500 Lbs. (10,659 kg)Front Wheels - 12,480 Lbs. (5,661 kg)Rear Wheels - 11,020 Lbs. (4,999 kg)* Add 5,000 Lbs (2,268 kg) with Hi-Rail

John Deere Diesel Engine-Model - 6059-DRated Gross Power - 120 bhp (89 kW) @ 2500 rpmPeak Torque - 287 lb-ft (389 N-m) @ 1400 rpmCylinders - 6Bore and Stroke -4.19” x 4.33” (106.55mm x 110mm)Aspiration - Naturally aspiratedFuel Tank - 43 gal. (162.76 L)

Wheels and Tires -Front and Rear - 14:00 x 24, 10 Ply

Brakes -18.5” Dia. 4 wheel outboard dry disc brakes w/manual parking brake.

Axles -Planetary, hypoid ring gear and pinion withplanetary reduction at wheels.

Powertrain -Clark torque converter. Model 18000 series,six-speed powershift transmission. Convertreduction provides high torque for starting ormoving heavy loads. Powershift transmissionprovides multiple speeds with maximum peaktorque and power at any speed.

Steering -Hydraulic full (orbitrol) four mode-four wheelcrab, front only, rear only.

Hydraulic Oil Reservoir -61 gal. (231 L) electric welded with hand holefor cleaning.

Hydraulic Pumps -Total capacity: 108 gpm (408 Lpm) @ 2400engine rpm.

Speed Swing FeaturesClark Transmission Torque converter Rockwell planetary axles Four-wheel driveParking brake Air compressor Rear axle disconnect For-wheel power steeringDefroster Foot throttle Voltage regulator ROPS cab w/tinted safety

glassBattery Seat-belt Horn Air-ride operator’s seat

Back-up alarm Engine oil pressure gauge Window wipers (front &rear)

Dry type air cleaner Engine hourmeter Battery master switchJoystick controls Cab dome light Head, tail, & brake lights


4-40

445-E Speed Swing

Lifting Capacity - 10,000 Lbs. (4,536 kg)Boom Rotation - 180 degrees.

Machine Weight -w/o Hi-Rail* - 23,500 Lbs. (10,659 kg)Front Wheels - 12,480 Lbs. (5,661 kg)Rear Wheels - 11,020 Lbs. (4,999 kg)* Add 5,000 Lbs (2,268 kg) with Hi-Rail

John Deere Diesel Engine-Model - 6068-DRated Gross Power - 130 bhp @ 2500 rpmPeak Torque - 287 lb-ft (389 N-m) @ 1400 rpmCylinders - 6Bore and Stroke -4.19” x 5” (106.55mm x 110mm)Aspiration - Naturally aspiratedFuel Tank - 43 gal. (162.76 L)

Wheels and Tires -Front and Rear - 14:00 x 24, 12 Ply

Brakes -18.5” Dia. 4 wheel outboard dry disc brakes w/manual parking brake.

Axles -Planetary, hypoid ring gear and pinion withplanetary reduction at wheels.

Powertrain -Clark torque converter. Model 18000 series,six-speed powershift transmission. Convertreduction provides high torque for starting ormoving heavy loads. Powershift transmissionprovides multiple speeds with maximum peaktorque and power at any speed.

Steering -Hydraulic full (orbitrol) four mode-four wheelcrab, front only, rear only.

Hydraulic Oil Reservoir -61 gal. (231 L) electric welded with hand holefor cleaning.

Hydraulic Pumps -Total capacity: 108 gpm (408 Lpm) @ 2400engine rpm.

Speed Swing Features

Locks on tanks and tool box Engine coolant temp gauge Engine compartment side panelsTorque converter oil pressure gauge Clutch cut-off Torque converter oil temp gaugeVoltmeter Air pressure gaugeFuel gauge Alternator


5-1

Optional Attachment ContentsOperation of Optional Attachments ........................................................................................... 5-2Buckets ....................................................................................................................................... 5-4Bucket Maintenance .................................................................................................................. 5-6Bucket Safety ............................................................................................................................. 5-6


5-2

Section 5Operation of Optional Attachments

The Pettibone Speed Swing models are designed to accomodate a variety of attachments, offeringexcellent job versatility.

This section describes the installation, operation and maintence of attachments that may have beenincluded with your Speed Swing.

Many of the attachment controls are found inside the operator’s cab. The location and operation ofthese controls are explained in Section 2 of this manual. However, instructions for using these controls tooperate the attachments are explained here in Section 5.

The description of each attachment includes:

1. Theory of Operation2. Installation Instructions3. Operating Instructions4. Safety and Maintenance Tips

Refer only to those attachments supplied with your machine. If you are interested in more information onattachments for the Speed Swing, see your local Pettibone dealer.

Notice!

Each attachment has been designed for a specific purpose.Do not use attachments for job tasks they were not designedfor. The misuse of this equipment could result in propertydamage or personal injury.


5-3

Cribbing Buckets Loader Bucket

Switch Broom

Brush Cutter

Hi-Rail

Barko Knuckleboom


5-4

Buckets

Fig. 5-1, Attaching Bucket

Operating InstructionsThe right armrest joystick operates thebucket tilt functions.

To operate the bucket, proceed asfollows:

1. Loading Bucket - Move joystick tothe left and hold until bucket tilts upto desired position. (Fig. 5-2)

Fig. 5-2, Loading Bucket

Theory of OperationBucket attachments are used to transportmaterials such as sand, snow and gravel.They can also be used for digging andgrading soil.

Bucket attachments are operated frominside the cab by the right armrest joystick.This joystick controls the boom mountedcylinder to tilt the bucket up and down.When the cylinder is retracted the bucketwill tilt up, and when the cylinder is extendedthe bucket will tilt down.

Pettibone offers several types of buckets asoptional boom attachments, including aloader bucket, a snow bucket and a trackcleaning bucket. Various sizes are availablefor each type of bucket. Optional cutterteeth are also available for loader buchets.See your Pettibone dealer for information onavailability and ordering.

InstallationThe bucket is connected to the boom asshown in figure 5-1. Line up the attachmentwith the boom end, then insert pivot pins.Use bolts to secure the pins


5-5

2. Unloading Bucket - Move joystick tothe right and hold until bucket tiltsdown to desired position. (Fig. 5-3)

Fig. 5-3, Unloading Bucket

Operating TipsThe following tips will help you make the bestuse of the bucket attachment:

1. When loading a bucket, use fourwheel drive and low gear.

2. When loading, approach materialswith bucket flat and with cutting edgelow to the ground. When bucket isonly partially filled and machine is stillmoving forward, tilt the bucket upwhile raising the boom. This will helpto assure a full load. Reverse out ofthe pile, keeping the load low andtrasport load to desired dumpingarea.

3. When dumping materials into acontainer, raise the bucket so that itclears the top edge safely. Move themachine forward the container so thatthe bucket is inside the dumping area.Dump material slowly to ease theshock of sudden weight in the

container. Once material is dumped,raise and tip bucket so that it willclear edge of the container, then backaway slowly. When clear of container, lower bucket to carry position(low enough to allow a clear forwardview) and return to work cycle.

4. When grading or excavating lowerbucket so that the cutting edge penetrates the surface. Once lowered,level the bucket so that penetration isnot excessive. As you move forwardto grade, you may wish to adjustbucket position to maintain a goodgrade. Use low gear and proceedslowly for an accurate cut. When thebucket is full or end is cut is reached,tip bucket back and raise boom tothe carry position. Transport load todesired dumping area.

5. For smoothing surfaces, the SpeedSwing can be driven backwards withbucket in a partially dumped positionlow to the ground.

6. When driving without a load, usetwo-wheel drive mode to minimizewear on axles an dtires. The bucketshould be carried in a loweredposition to allow maximum visibilty.

Notice!Buckets should not be used for wreckingor demolition purposes. Buckets shouldonly be used for loading and excavating.


5-6

Bucket Maintenance


Figure # Fluid / Filter Serivce

None Lubricant Lubricate bucket pivot points.

None None Inspect blade edge or bucket teeth for extensive wear or damage. Replace as necssary

Bucket Safety

DANGER DANGER

CAUTION CAUTION

CAUTION

Underground utility lines. Check with localutility companies for underground lines beforeusing bucket for excavating. Contact withunderground powerlines will result in personalinjury or death.

Overhead powerlines. keep all machine partsat least ten feet away from live electrical lines.Death or severe injury will result from contactand may occur from a close pass.

No riding in bucket. Personal injury mayresult.

Do not travel with bucket blocking forwardvision.

This machine isleast stable when traveling withthe bucket fully raised. Avoid transportingloads in this way.

!!

!!

!

!

!

!

!

!


6-1

Electromagnet ContentsElectromagnet Control System .................................................................................................. 6-2System Description ..................................................................................................................... 6-3Power Supply ............................................................................................................................... 6-3Manual-Magnetic Disconnect Switch or Fused Switch ............................................................ 6-3Electromagnet Controller: .......................................................................................................... 6-4System Ground Indicator: .......................................................................................................... 6-4Cable Reel: ................................................................................................................................. 6-4Trouble Shooting ......................................................................................................................... 6-5Standard Performance Check .................................................................................................... 6-5System Trouble Shooting ............................................................................................................ 6-5General Magnet Information ..................................................................................................... 6-9Operating Instructions for Hot Work Magnets ...................................................................... 6-10Magnet Inspection .................................................................................................................... 6-13Periodic Magnet Inspection and Maintenance ....................................................................... 6-14Leads and Terminal Replacement: .......................................................................................... 6-14Average Magnet Resistance ................................................................................................... 6-17Welding Instructions for Repairing Cracked Magnet Castings ............................................. 6-18General Controller Information ............................................................................................... 6-23Common Controller Problems .................................................................................................. 6-23CDS Controller Trouble Shooting ............................................................................................ 6-24Operating Instructions MST-RD-1A, RD-1W & RD-2A Controllers ................................... 6-25OHIO DC Generators for Magnet Service ........................................................................... 6-27Field Flashing Connections ...................................................................................................... 6-32Instructions for Engine - Generator Sets ................................................................................ 6-33


6-2

Section 6Electromagnet Control System

Notes:1. Safety disconnect optional with belt drive or hydraulic driven unit. May not be required on gasoline ordiesel driven sets2. Master switch may be push-button, lever, or reduced voltage button switch.3. Generator may be belt driven unit, hydraulic movor driven, gasoline driven engine, or diesel driven unit.


6-3

System Description

A complete control and power system necessary to operate an electromagnet consists of thefollowing equipment:

1. DC Power supply.2. Manual-Magnetic Disconnect Switch or fused Manual-Magnetic Disconnect

Switch (optional).3. Electromagnet Controller.4. Control master switch or push-button station or low voltage master control.5. Ground Indicator (optional).6. Cable Reel7. Electromagnet.

The following is a brief description relating to the above components:

Power Supply230-250 Volts DC is the standard system voltage required to operate an elec-tromagnet. This power is eithre available through direct generation or by rectification of AC power.

A DC generator is normally used on portable type cranes where Trolley wiresand AC power is not readily available. The DC generator can be driven by anauxilliary shaft from the main engine with pulleys and belts to obtain the properspeed. A complete engine-driven generator is another common method ofproviding DC power for this application.

If 3 phase AC power is available, a silicon rectified power supply for magnetservice with protective surge, suppressors is the notmal means of converting ACpower to DC. Occasionally an AC motor-driven generator (M-G set) is usedas a means of converting the power. Both methods are reliable and it is a matterof personal preferencee and economics as to which to select.

Instruments such as voltmeters and ammeters are available with these products.Other optional equipment such as remote operated AC contactors are alsoavailable.

Manual-Magnetic Disconnect Switch or Fused SwitchThis equipment is normally used when branch circuit protection is required, and asingle power source is used for more than one load.


6-4

The accessories available with AC rectified power supplies eliminates the need for sepa-rate disconncect switches of this type.

When the magnet system is the only load on the generator, the power cables are normallyconnected directly fromt he generator to the controller. When the code requires a powerdisconnect switch then a special magnet safety disconnect with an auxiliary power poleand discharge resistor must be used. Two sizes are available, one rated at 100 Amp. andone at 200 Amperes.

Electromagnet Controller:A special controller is required to turn the magnet “On” and “Off” to dissipate the storedinductive energy, and to provide the proper demagnetizing reverse current. The controllermust be sized to suit the cold current rating of the magnet.

A push-button station, master switch or low voltage master control with “Lift”, “Off” and“Drop” positions is required to operate the controller.

System Ground Indicator:A DC system ground indicator is applcable on those systems where the magnet is theprimary load on the generator. It is a two-light indicator whose intensity will change on thegorunded line.

Cable Reel:A spring operated cable reel will allow the magnet cable to “payout” and “retrieve”depending upon the motion of the crane. The spring assembly within the reel makes thisaction automatic as it maintains the proper tension on the cable at all times. There shouldbe an excess amount of cable on the reel so that it cannot be completely de-reeled undernormal operation.

The cable is two-conductor, flexible, rubber covered and must be sized for the currentrating of the magnet. The selection of the cable reel is a function of the size and amount ofcable it must handle.


6-5

Trouble Shooting

A malfunction can occur in any of the seven system components just described. Isolating theproblem to defective component must be achieved before the defect can be corrected.

Being familiar with the equipment, its rating, performance, operation and instructions is a mustbefore value judgements may develop. Keep a technical folder on the equipment of each crane. Theinformation should include wiring diagrams, operating instructions, ratings, such as KW, current, resis-tance, lifting capacities and groud resistance and history and dates of prior problems.

Standard Performance Check

When the system is first installer or known to be operating good, readings of the system shouldbe made and recorded for future reference. Measure or record magnet resistance and ground resistance(check supplier’s test records). Record DC voltage full-lload and no-load; record current, initial andhot, etc.

System Trouble Shooting

The following guide assumes that the system includes a voltmeter and ammeter panel. Solutionto both rectified and generated power supply in included:

Item Problem Defective Area and Remedy I Low Voltage A. General:

Low Current 1. Excessive line loss - wiring(Poor Lift too small.

2. Loose Connection.3. Cable reel brushes worn.

B. DC Generator:1. Too small - overloaded.2. Low speed - belt slipping or

improper pulley ratio.3. Adjust rheostat.

C. Rectified Power Supply:1. Low AC Voltage.2. One AC Fuse blown.3. Defective diodes.4. Capacity too small, overloaded.


6-6

Item Problem Defective Area and RemedyII No Voltage A. General:

No Current 1. Broken Wire or connection.(no life) 2. Cable reel brushes worn.

B. DC Generator:1. Worn brushes or broken spring.2. Broken belts or drive coupling.3. Open rheostat.4. Open armature or field winding.5. Loss of residual magnetism.

C. Rectifier:1. Push reset or “On” button.2. No AC Voltage.3. Blown AC fuses.4. Defective AC contactor.5. Defective diodes.

III Low Voltage System short circuit or low resistance:Check:

1. Short or ground in cable reel.2. Malfunction of controller. Ob

serve for proper opening andclosing of devices.

3. Short or ground at the magnet.Check magnet terminals or coil for low resistance or low ground readings.

IV High Voltage Check DC Generator for:(Good Lift) 1. Rheostat adjustment.

2. Overspeed - excessive enginespeed or improper pulley ratio.

V Fluctuating A. GeneralVoltage 1. Same as IA. orExcessive B. DC Generator:Voltage Drop 1. Too small, overloaded.from no load 2. Engine too small.to full load 3. Engine compression poor,(Poor Lift) requires overhaul.

4. Engine governor defective.5. Belts slipping, loose or insufficient

quanity.


6-7

Item Problem Defective Area and RemedyVI No DC Amperes A. Controllers:

DC Volts OK 1. Check master switch and Control-(No Lift) ler for operation.

B. Cable Reel:1. Check for worn-out brushes.

C. Electromagnet:1. Check for broken terminal connec-

tions.2. Check magnet resistance for open.

D. General:1. Check power cables and connec-

tions from controller ot cable reeland magnet.

2. Check ammeter.

VII Low DC A. General:Amperes 1. Defective ammeter or ammeterDC Volts OK shunt.(Poor Lift)

B. Electomagnet:Check magnet resistance for partiall open(High resistance) and/ or grounded condition.

VIII High DC A. General:Amperes 1. Check for grounds and shorts theDC volts OK generator, controller and cable(Good Lift) reel.

B. 1. Check for low resistance,, (Partlyshorted) coil and/ or terminals.

2. Check ground resistance fromeach terminal to ground for a shortcircuit to ground.


6-8

Item Problem Defective Area and RemedyIX Poor Lift A. General:

Characteristics 1. Check voltmeter and ammeterfor correct readings and isolatethe problem with one of theabove eight conditions.

X Poor Drop A. Controller:Characteristic 1. Check controller for malfunction

in the drop circuit. Refer tofactory instructions and sectionthree.

XI Poor Lift A. Electromagnet:Voltage OK 1. Check magnet for shorted turns.Current High


6-9

General Magnet Information

Common ProblemsMagnets used on severe applications suffer from terrific mechanical abuse. The resultcan be cracked casting; outer pole, center pole or even the case; broken or loose bolts,worn chain or ears; completely worn center or outer pole; dented bottom plate; andbroken center pole weld.

Under these conditions the coil will eventually fail and appear as a grounded, shorted, oropen coil; or a combination thereof. A grounded coil usually happens because themagnet seal has broken permitting water to enter and causing the trouble. Coils canalso become grounded because mechanical shock breaks or cracks the insulation.Broken insulation can also permit adjacent coil layers to arc across, causing a shortedcoil. Continued pounding on the bottom plate can loosen the layer insulation and permitindividual coil laters to shift, usually resulting in an open coil.

Moisture is the greates single factor in coil failure. Water will reduce the ground readingat elevated temperature; and, if it is not removed in time and dried out, a complete shortto ground will result, requiring a rewind.

A defective magnet coil will cause malfunction of the controller and usually results inpoor load drop characteristics. Other problems external of the magnet will also havethe same effect; these are grounded magnet terminals, leads or cable reed. When thisoccurs on a system having a ground also on the generator side of the controller, thereverse current resistors on the controller will overheat and eventually burn out.

Service FactorMagnets are wound for 50% or 75% cycle operation which means they are sutable onlyfor the intermittent duty such as 1-1/2 minutes on and 1/2 minute off. A poor craneoperator can easily cause a magnet to become overheated by energizing it more than itsrated cycle. A hot magnet loses some lifting capacity and so it is doubly important tokeep it cool. Overheating a magnet may not result in a burnout, but each time thisoccurs the coil life will be shortened by an amount dependent on the time and tempera-ture.


6-10

Operating Instructions for Hot Work Magnets

LimitationsMagnetic steels become non-magnetic from temperatures above 900 Deg. F to 110 Deg. Fdepending on the type of steel. Material below these temperatures can be handled economicallywith magnets provided the following is considered.

Skin Effect CoolingIn the cooling process, material cools from the outside in. If the outside skin is below the magnetictemperature, and is only a thin area, and the inside is still above the magnetic temperature, themagnet may not be able to develop enough pull to lift the piecce. Additional time to cool must beallowed until a thick enough skin of magnetic steel develops to allow the magnet to lift the part.

Magnet HeatingWhen a magnet is lifting hot material it is being heated in three ways. First, due to its own coilheating because of current passing through the windings. Second, because of direct contact withthe hot parts with the pose shoes by conduction. Third, by radiation given off by the hot materialand absorbed by the magnet area in direct line with the hot part.

The second and third ways of heating the magnet add great amounts of heat quickly to the magnetespecially when the temperature is above 800 Deg. F.

Reduce Heating of MagnetsThere are several ways to minimize heating of the magnets. Keep the magnet in contact with thehot material only as long as necessary to move the material. Only leave the magnet energized whilelifting. When the magnet is not being used, do not leave it above the hot material. Do not set themagnet on a solid floor or ground. Do not try to cool in water. Do keep the magnet in the air. Ifplaced to rest, use a frame or blocks to allow air to circulate under the magnet. Provide fans toincrease cooling. A moving magnet stays much cooler than a stationary magnet.


6-11

Monitoring Magnet Temperature

The coil and lead are the items that must be kept cool, otherwise the magnet wil fail in a short time.To Monitor average coil temperature can be done by monitoring magnet current. However, voltagemust be fairly constant to get accurate results. + or - 11.5 volts will give + or - 5% accuracy plus theaccuracy of current reading. If it is 2% then total accuracy is + or - 7%. If you wanted to insure thatthe temperature never exceeded 180 Deg. C rise then a 167.4 indication should be set. Either awarning signal or shut down on next lift could be implemented.

Other methods of monitoring coil temperature is by imbedded thermo-couples or thermal switches inthe coil, terminal box or outside of the case. Temperature co-ordination of the thermal device to theaverage coil temperature must be made.

Specific operating times for particular magnets are difficult to predict due to the many variablesinvolved. If operations are repeatable, typical times can be determined by monitoring magnet resis-tance over a period of time. The smaller magnet, the shorter time period. 65 inch diameter magnetscan be monitored over an eight (8) hour period with resistance taken every one to two hours. Resis-tance and ambient temperature must be taken when the magnet is cold, that is at ambient temperaturethroughout the magnet. Resistance readings can be taken by measuring voltage at the magnet lead(this eliminates voltage drop through the cable reel and long leads) and current with accurate meters.The resistance can be calculated by dividing voltage by current. Also, direct magnet resistance withan accurate meter is suitable. The following table can be used to determine when magnet temperatureis up to coil rated temperature:

Temperature Resistance - Hot Average Coil Temperature Class Resistance - Cold Rise - 25 Deg. Ambient B 1.41 105 F 1.50 130 H 1.60 155 C 1.70 180

Because of the overshoot, that is the continuing increase in coil temperature for a short time after themagnet is removed from the hot material, it is good if the magnet is removed form service and allowedto cool before the rated temperature rise is reached. The overshoot can be minimized by followingthe suggestion in the “Reduce Heating of Magnets” section. This typical - determined time can beused to prevent magnet overheating.


6-12

General

Overheating of magnet coils is a quick way to reduce the life of the magnet. A rule-of-thumg,often related by insulation manufacturers, is that for every 10 Deg. C over the temperature classrating, the insulation life will be reduced to half. It doesn’t take too high of a temperature riseover rating to reduce magnet life to months to even weeks. At the cost to rewind magnets, theabove methods to increase the life of the magnets should pay off for themselves in short order.Operator training, along with the instrumentation or information, is necessary for efficient handlingof hot material.


6-13

Magnet Inspection

To determine the condition of the magnet, the reisistance of the coil and insulation resistance toground must be measured. To be meaningful these readings should be compared with figures obtainedfrom the factory for your particular magnet at the ambient temperature in which it is operating.

It can take two days for the magnet to reach ambient temperature after the magnet has been takenout of service. Preliminary readins can be taken immediately, however, and this will indicate if the magnetis grounded, shorted or open. When readings are taken of a hot magnet, consederation must be given tothe values for the heated condition.

The coil resistance should be within 5% of the original value when the magnet is at room tempera-ture (25 Deg. C). The resistance to ground on a new magnet at room temperature should be 10 mego-hms or more. When the magnet is hot the coil resistance can increase to 70% of its value and the groundresistance can drop to 0.1 megohms.

The procedure for making the readings are as follows:1. Obtain a resistance bridge or meter with a .01 ohm resistance accuracy, and a

500 volt min. ground megger.2. Unplug the cable reel leads from the magnet and inspect the magnet leads.3. If the magnet leads are in good condition, then connect the meter to the ends of

leads for measurement purposes.4. If the measurement indicates a faulty condition, then remove the leads form the

terminals and measure directly at the terminals.5. If the measurement at the terminals indicates a faulty condition, then the problem is

interior of the box and could be internal leads, the coil itself, or magnet terminals.6. Refer to the terminal replacement instructions and remove the coil leads from the

terminals at the interior of the terminal box.7. Inspect the leads for burned condition and splice a new section if this appears to

be the problem. Measure the coil and if it checks faulty, the magnet should bereturned to the factory for further service.

8. Inspect the terminals and measure the resistance to ground on each one. If one ̀checks or appears bad, replace both of them.

In addition to checking the coil, inspect the magnet for worn chain or chain pins; worn center poleshoe; loose center pole bolts; worn, broken, or cracked case; and loose outer pole bolts. The chain andcenter pole can be replaced in the field, but if problems with the magnet case are evident, the magnetshoulb be returned to the factory for further inspection and service.


6-14

Periodic Magnet Inspection and Maintenance

Check the general physical conditionof the magnet making observations on the following:

1. Chain suspension for wear.2. Center pole shoe for wear and tight bolts.3. Casting outer polw shoe for wear and/ or cracks.4. Leads - frayed or cut leads to be replaced.5. Lead shield for tightness.

Leads and Terminal Replacement:The procedure for replacing terminals varies depending upon the type of magnet being serviced.

The following procedure specifically describes the OHIO WX or SR series of magnets. (Refer to499A001A1 assembly Page ), other OHIO magnets are similar:

Proceed as follows:A. Lead assembly replacement:

1. Remove lead sheild and lead clamp.2. Remove rubber terminal boot and disconnect lead connector from terminal with a

3/4 open-end wrench.3. Be careful not to turn the terminal within the assembly.4. If damage occurs or is evident to the threads of the terminal stud, replace terminal

assembly.5. Install lead assembly tightening nut to the threaded stud. If replacement leads are

not available; a temporary repair can be made by using substitute wire, either #4or #2 rubber covered and reusing the existing terminal fittings. Be careful not toovertighten or cause terminal assembly to turn.

6. Insulare external terminal with rubber boot.7. Tighten the lead clamp using the rubber bushing for strain relief.8. Tighten lead shield using the 5/8 hex head bolts.

B. Terminal Replacement:1. Remove lead shield, lead clamp and leads as outlined above.2. Remove both 3-1/2” pipe plugs.3. “Dig-out” the compound from the box being careful not to cut the coil leads or

damage the terminals.4. Observe if compound is charred (black carbon type residue) at the leads or near

terminal.5. If the leads are burned, but still within reach, splice with short length or wire using

a KS-26 servit connector.


6-15

6. Remove all compound within reach and disconnect leads from terminal assembly.7. Make a check od the coil resistance connecting directly to the leads. It the values

indicate a faulty coil, replace pipe plugs, lead shield and clamps and return tofactory for further inspection. If coil checks good, continue with terminal replace-ment.

8. Remove terminals using a 3/4 open-end wrench to remove internal terminal nuts.9. Remove all the loose pieces replacing with new parts. Be sure the silicon rubber

sealing washer is on the external portion of the assembly. Tighten the brass nutswith ample force to prevent rotation of the terminal assembly. Tightness will belimited by the compression of the rubber sealing washer.

10. Assemble the KF-26 servit to the internal threaded stud and connect coil leadsmaking sure there is physical separation between the wires.

11. Fill the terminal box with compound using A950018-09 Kits). Follow instructionsfor mixing carefully.

12. Replace 3-1/2” pipe plugs using pipe dope on the threads and tighten firmly.13. Replace leads and lead shield per above.14. Connecting to the cable reel leads makes the job complete.

Chain Replacement:Should the chain require replacement because of some accidental damage or due to normal wear

replace as follows:1. Burn of three retaining plates, one from each ear, or remove pin retainer as appli-

cable.2. Remove chain pins and chain using the crane hook.3. Install new chain and chain pins. (Use new pins every time chain is replaced).4. Weld the chain pin retainer plates to the side of the magnet chain ear, or install pin

retainers.

The chain should be checked annually for wear. When any portion of the chain is worn 25% ormore, it shoud be scheduled for replacement.


6-16


6-17

Average Magnet Resistance(Cold Resistance 25 Deg. Tolerance + or - 5%)

Resis. Resis. Resis.Size (OHMS) Size (OHMS) Size (OHMS)20 Pow-R-Lite 64.4 48 MF 5.9 70 AWX 2.425 Pow-R-Lite 23.0 48 LS 5.5 70 DAWX 2.230 Pow-R-Lite 15.5

55 AWL 4.3 71 AWK 2.134 AWX 12.8 55 AWX 4.4 71 DAWX 2.034 CWX 10.6 55 CWX 3.534 SRA 12.6 55 WLT 3.9 72 AWL 2.134 SRC 10.6 55 DAWX 4.0 72 CWL 1.9

55 DCWX 3.5

57 AWL 4.1 73 MF 2.540 AWX 8.0 57 SRA 4.040 CWX 8.0 57 SRC 3.440 SRA 7.9 57 SRDA 3.5 82 SRC 2.340 DRDC 6.5 57 SRDC 3.2 82 SRDA 2.0

57 SREDC 3.2 82 SRDC 1.982 SREDA 1.8

41 MF 7.0 82 SREDC 1.958 LS 3.8 82 SRSDC 1.658 MF 3.8

45 AWX 5.945 DAWX 5.5 83 AWL 1.545 CWX 5.0 61 AWL 2.8 83 AWX 1.545 DCWX 5.3 83 DAWX 1.345 WKT 6.0

65 AWX 3.065 DAWX 2.865 SRA 2.8 88 MF 1.765 SCR 2.7

47 AWL 4.8 65 SRDA 2.747 SCR 5.5 65 SRDC 2.6 93 DAWX 1.547 SRDA 5.2 65 SREDC 2.3 93 DAWL 1.547 SRDC 5.147 SREDC 4.7 66 AWX 3.0

66 DAWX 2.8 95 MF 1.567 LS 2.767 MF 3.0 105 MF 1.369 SRA 2.269 SRDC 1.969 SREDC 1.7


6-18

Welding Instructions for Repairing Cracked Magnet Castings

Clean castings to determine the exact extendt of the crack. Small cracks can be weldedwithout disassembling the magnet. Large cracks require magnet disassembly becausethe heating which accompanies the welding may harm the electrical insulation.

Bevel edges of material adjacent to the crack to approximately 3/4 the thickness of themetal and at a 60 to 70 Deg. included angle. The beveling can be done by grinding onsmall cracks and thin sections or by the use of a carbon arc on large cracks and heavysecitons.

Use a D.C. welder and set it on positive polarity. Use a high strength, low hydrogen,1/4” rod, between 190-375 amps. Lay a stringer bead in the bottom of the vee. In thisoperation, hold the electode vertical with the face of the work but inclined about 10degrees in the direction of travel. Be sure that both sides of the joint fuse with the weldmetal. This may require a slight sidewise motion of the electrode. Avoid overheatingthe base metal.

If the metal shows a tendency to drop off the electode in golbules, withdraw the elec-trode momentarily but not far enough to break the arc. After a short pause again lowerthe electrode and continue depositing weld metal. Repeat this procedure as frequentlyas necessary.

Upon completing the first pass, allow the metal to cool slowly. As the metal cools peenthe weld metal with a peening hammer and a dull chisel to remove oxide, then with awire brush remove loose oxide or other foreign matter. Lay other passes required to fillthe vee.

Allow the metal to cool slowly. When the metal can be handled, grind out the undersideof the weld, if practical, and fill the cavity w/ a stringer bead, one pass only. Grind thisarea flush.


6-19


6-20


6-21

Crane No.____________ Date__________Magnet Size___________ MagnetMagnet SR#___________ Resistance____________

Magnet Controller Generator Cable( ) Leads: ( ) Condition: ( ) Brushes: ( )Wire Size ( ) Lead Sheild ( ) Contact tips ( ) Wear ( ) Adequate

tight ( ) Arc Shields ( ) Tension ( ) Condition: ( ) Leads in good ( ) Coils ( ) Arcing ( ) Tape or splice

condition ( ) Pivot Pins ( ) Commutator worn or frayed ( ) Terminals: ( ) Restricors: ( ) Wear portions

good condi- ( ) Open ( ) High bars ( ) Free Reeling:ion, clean, ( ) Burned ( ) Bearings: ( ) To be free oftight ( ) Connections ( ) Lubricate knots and

( ) Chain & Chain ( ) Tight ( ) Access Covers: tangles Pins: ( ) Dirt: ( ) Replace ( ) Inspect for ( ) Remove from ( ) Belts (PTO):

wear panel ( ) Wear Cable Reels ( ) Check Pin ( ) Cover: ( ) Tension ( ) Bearings:

retainers ( ) Replace ( ) Rheostat: ( ) Lubricate( ) Case: ( ) Ground Resis- ( ) Check for ( ) Gears: ( ) Check for tance: wear or ( ) Greased

cracks ( ) Input damage ( ) Spring: ( ) Check for terminals ( ) Adjust to ( ) Oil

minimum of ( ) Magnet develop ( ) Tension:1” wear terminals 220-240 ( ) Proper tensionsurface ( ) Voltage: volts full ( ) Brushes & Rings:

( ) Center Pole: ( ) No load load ( ) Wear ( ) Check P.C. ( ) Full load ( ) Insulation:

bolts for ( ) Brush holdertightness ( ) Slip rings

( ) Check shoe ( ) Covers:wearing sur- ( ) Replaceface (min. 1”)

( ) Check forcracks.

( ) Coil: ( ) Resistance

100% coldto 170% hot

( ) Ground resis-tance .1MEGS mini-mum.

Instructions:Be careful when making measurements with portable instru-ments. To make resistance and ground readings, the powersupply must be turned off.

To measure generator output voltage, connect meter leads toline terminals of the controller. Turn engine “on” and bringup to full speed. With the controller off read voltmeter forno-load condition. Now turn controller on to engergizemagnet and read voltmeter for full-load readings. Turncontroller and power supply off before disconnecting meterleads.

Ohio Engineers are available to discuss any particular maintenance problems by calling(216)662-8484 or writing Ohio Magnetics, 5400 Dunham Road, Maple Heights, Ohio 44137.


6-22


6-23

General Controller InformationAll electomagnet controllers serve the same functions of energizing and de-engergizing the magnet.

They dissipate the strore inductive energy in the magnet coil, apply a controlled amount of reverse currentto de-magnatize the magnet, and finally turn “off” completely the power to the magnet.

Although the basic functions are all common, the major manufacturers of magnet controllers usedifferent circuitry and techniques to perform these functions. Each has its advantages and disadvantagesand personal preference and economics usually dictates the selection of a specific product.

Common Controller ProblemsThe following problems are common to all controllers and can be used as a guide in troubleshoot-

ing your magnet controller:

Problem Probable RemedyController does not operate 1. No or low DC voltage. Check your

power supply.2. Defective master switch or push-button

station.3. Burned out or open operating coil.

Controller operaties no or low 1. Main contact tips worn or burned-out.magnet current. 2. Contact tip spring broke.

3. Contact shunt burned or broken.4. Lift contactor armature not closing com-

pletely.Controller operates load dribble 1. Controller and magnet not properly sized.from magnet. 2. Partly shorted magnet. See Part 1.

3. Reverse circuit malfunction check compo-nents.

Excessive arcing of main contacts 1. Open in discharge circuit. Check(Billowing Arc) components, contacts, and wiring.

Excessive arcing or reverse contacts 1. Shorted reverse circuit resistors.2. Contact tips worn, or contact spring bad.

Reverse contactor does not operate 1. Open reverse contactor coil or reversecircuit component.

2. Defect in push-button or Master Switch,for manual controllers only.


6-24

CDS Controller Trouble Shooting

The most common difficulty experienced with magnet controllers is not primarily causedby the controller, but by a ground in the circuit outdside the controller. A ground is avery low resistance reading between one of the lines and the framework of the crane.

Grounds usually occur at one of three places: 1) At the magnet; 2) At the cable reel;3) At the generator. If a ground occurs at two of the ablov places then faulty operationof the controller results such as poor load drop of the magnet, delayed opening of thedrop contactor, or overheating of the two outside resistors (R1 & R2) in the controller.Continued use of the controller under these conditions can burn up the resistors, or thefrop contactor coil. When grounds ar ecleared, and the difficulty persists, check theresistor and drop contactor coil.

If a poor load drop is experienced, and no grounds exist, then observe the operation ofthe controller. When the master lever is placed in the drop position the main contactorshould open, and drop contactor immediately closes and remains closed only longenough to drop theload. This is for 1 to 2 seconds on small magnets adn 3 to 5 sec-onds on larger magnets. If the reverse contactor does not close then check the resis-tors, reverse contactors coil and replace burned out parts. If the reverse contactorstays closed too long then check for a shorted reverse contactor coil.

If the main contactor refused ot close, when the master is in the lift position, then checkfor broken wires between controller and master switch. Also check for burned outoperating oil.

If the magnet is shorted, it will overheat and have a poor load drop with light materialdribbling off, or heavy pieces clinging to the magnet. Have the magnet repaired if it isshorted or has a very low ground reading.


6-25

Operating Instructions MST-RD-1A, RD-1W & RD-2A Controllers

The magnet controller is an important part of the system for furnishing DC power to theelectromagnet. It provides the means for connecting and disconnecting the magnet to thepower supply. The complet function of the control is as follows: 1) to apply full powerto the magnet, 2) to safely dissipate the inductive energy of the magnet coil, 3) toapply reverse power to the magnet and 4) to disconnect the magnet from the line.

To activate this controller, a master switch or other control function is required with onecontrol contact which must be closed during the entire lifting mode. This contact must beopened to cause the controller to go through its automatic drop phase and release themagnet load.

The magnet control has three seperate circuits to perform the required functions. Duringthe “lift” phase, “L” contactor closes and establishes the lift circuit from L+ to L- throughthe “L” closed contacts and energizing the magnet. The auxiliary contact of the “L”contactor is open during this time which disconnects the discharge circuit from themagnet.

To make a drop, the master switch control contact is opened which energized the “L”contactor, opening the lift circuit thru the main contacts and simultaneously closing theauxiliary contact “L”. This establishes the discharge circuit loop around the magnet.Within the discarge loop is a portion of the “D” (drop contactor) coil with terminals 2 - 4.This coil will energize and close the “D” contactor as the magnet current is being dissi-pated by the resitor in the discharge loop.

Closing of the “D” contacts will establish the reverse circuit which applies reduced voltageof the opposite polarity ot the magnet thru the “D” contacts. Within this reverse circuit isanother portion of the “D” coil with terminals 1 - 3. The current flowing in this circuit and“D” coil 1 - 3 aids in holding the ”D” contactor closed. When the decay of the magnetdischarge current reaches a low enough level, current will start ot flow in the magnet formthe line the opposite direction. Current also reverses in direction in “D” coil 2 - 4 so thatthe polarity in both “D” coild will neutralize each other adn the “D” contactor will opentaking the magnet, off-the-line. This will be the point when sufficient reverse current willbe flowing in the magnet to neutralize the magnet residual field and drop the load cleanly.The controller and mafnet are now ready for another “lift” cycle.

Proper adjustment of the opening and closing of the main auxiliary contacts of the “L”contacor is important as excess contact arcing could result. The main contact gap


6-26

should be about 3/4” when open. The main contacts should be just opening as the auxiliarycontact is about to close. The auxiliary contact gap opening of .06 maximum at this point isacceptable. To adjust the auxiliary contact, loosen the “off-set” pin retaining screw and rotatethe operating pin until the above condition is reached. Tighten the screw check the operation.For the new double contact drop assembly unloosen the retaining nut locking the auxiliaryarm stop screw. Adjust the stop screw to obtain the proper setting and tighten the lockingnut.

Besides the difference in current rating of the MST, RD-1A, RD-1W adn RD-2A controller,the latter two have a rheostat connewcted across “D” coil 1 - 3. This permits a fine adjust-ment of the drop-time and enables the operator to adjust the drop characteristic of thecontroller to suit the specific magnet.


6-27

OHIO DC Generators for Magnet Service

General:A DC generator is an electo-mechanical device designed to convery mechanical energy into

DC electrical energy. It is available as a separate rotating device to be driven by an auxiliary shaftof the main engine of protable cranes. It is also available as a package unit complet with gasoline ordiesel engine.

Belt driven power take-off generatords must be operated at their rated speed in order todevelop full rated voltage and power. For optimum performance the speed must be maintained withplus or minus 50 RPM.

The generators are compound field-wound units which are self regulating between zero andfull load. The standard magnet gernerator voltage is 230 volts DC and is available in incrementsfrom 5 to 33 KW. This standard speed is 1800 RPM for the P-T-O units except the light weight 5,8, & 10 KW units which are rated at 2500 RPM.

These generators are designed with extra thermal capacity to be able to withstand electro-magnet serive with ample safety factor. They are also mechanically rugged to resist shock andvibration present of portable cranes.

Installation of P.T.O. Units:Correct installation of the generator is essential to the proper operation and normal life

expectancy of the unit. The following procedures and requirements should be observed:

1. Generator Speed:

Pulley diameters between input and outputmust be correct to result in rated generatorRPM when the engine is normal running speed.

Proper size and number of pulleys must becorrect drive the generator without slipping. Use pulleys for ”C” size V-belts. Select thequanity of belts as follows:


6-28

KW No. of Belts5-7 18-13 214-32 333 4

Belt tension must be correct to prevent belt slippage.Excessive tension is not desirable and will result in highbelt wear and possible bearing overload.

2. Alignment:

Mount the generator on a flat surface whose plane is parallelto the axis of the drive shaft.

Position the generator such that the two pulleys are incorrect alignment for ideal belt tracking.

3. Direction of Rotation:

The generator is fixed to rotate in one direction only.Normally it is shipped to rotate clockwise when viewedfrom the shaft end. It can be modified to rotate counter-clockwise in the field by adjusting the position of the brushesand reversing the armature connections. See instructions below.

Adjustments for Direction of Rotation:

The generator is normally shipped for clockwise rotation. This is the direction the belts willrotate the generator shaft when viewed form the shaft end.

To check or change the adjustments, the two covers on communtator end mustbe removed.

The following information is submitted should it be necessary to change the generatorrotation.


6-29

If there is only a single position mark on the brush holder ring then the brushposition down not have to be shifted. If there are marks, proceed as described below:(Note: The brush holder rings may hve to be rotated to see the second sets of marks.)

To Change to Clockwise:The red mark on the brush holder ring will be in line with the edge ofaluminum housing.

To position the black mark in line with the edge of the housing, loosenthe hex head screws (do not remove) holding the brush holder ring tothe housing. Rotate the brush ring until the blue mark is line with edgeof the aluminum housing. Retighten the hex head screws.

The armature and interpole field connections must be reversed in thegenerator junction box by connecting A2 and S2 together. Reinsulatethese connection. Wires A1, S1, F1 to be connected to wires going tothe meter rheostat box. Wires A1 and S1 to be sized for the currentrating of the generator and F1 to be AWG 12 wire. See theconneciton diagram page.

To Change to Counter-Clockwise:The blue mark on the brush holder ring willl be in line with the edge ofthe aluminum housing.

To position the red mark in line with the edge of the housing, loosenthe hex head screws (do not remove) holding the brush holder ring tothe housing. Rotate the brush ring until the red mark is in line with theedge of the aluminum housing. Retighten the hex head screws.

The armature and interpole field connections must be reversed in thegenerator junction box by connecting A1 and S2 together. Reinsulate these connec-tions. Wires A2, S2, F1, to be connected to wires going to the meter rheostat box.Wires A2 and S1 to be sized for current rating of the generator and F1 to be AWG 12wire. See Connection diagram attached.


6-30


6-31

Maintenance:

Periodic inspection and maintenance should be performed to prevent failure and down-time. Thefollowing items should be checked.

1. Belts: 1. Check tension and belt condition.2. Worn or frayed belts should be replaced.

2. Brushes & 1. Worn or dirty commutator should be cleaned Commutator and dressed with a commutator stone.

2. Under the mica if it extends above the bars.3. Replace worn brushes.

3. Bearings 1. Noisey or loose bearings should be replaced.2. No grease is require as they are sealed and lubricated

for life.

Trouble Shooting:Problem SolutionOverheating: a. Overload-magnet too large for generator.

b. Shorted magnet or system.c. Obstruction at the cooling vents.d. Overspeed or underspeed.

No Voltage: a. Open armature or field.b. Worn brushes and/ or brush springs broken.c. Open rheostat.d. Defective Voltmeter.e. Loss of residal magnetism. Flash generator with 12 volt

battery, observing correct polarity.f. Clean and dress commutator.

Low Voltage: a. Adjust rheostat.b. Low speed - improper pulley ration or belts slipping.c. Excessive line loss - wiring too small.

High Voltage: a. Adjust rheostat.b. High speed - improper pulley ratio.

Fluctuating a. Loose Terminal connections. Voltage: b. Speed Changing

1. Slipping belts.2. Defective engine governor.

Sparking Brushes: a. Worn brushes.b. Worn commutator.c. Brushes out-of-position.


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Field Flashing Connections

To restore residual magnetism of the correct polarity, field flashing may be necessary.Either a 12 volt battery or a DC welder can be used for this purpose. Follow the connec-tions given below.

Clockwise Rotation


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Instructions for Engine - Generator Sets

Ohio Engine - Generator Sets use reliable engines which will give long service ifthe instructions for starting and maintaining the engine are followed. All engines areshipped with oil already in the crankcase and in the air cleaner or engines using an oilbath cleaner. The oil should be checked to make sure it at the proper level.

The engine - generator sets have been run in at the Ohio factory. It can be usedirectly on the job, but low speeds should be avoided.

Most engines use a variable speed governor. Do not touch this control. It hasbeen preset at the factory. If a tachometer is available, engine speed can be checkedwhen other maintenance is done. The load speed should be rated speed plus or minus50 RPM.

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