Mobile Broadband Comparison

CDMA Development GroupMarch 2008

www.cdg.org

Assumptions and Notes for the Technology Assumptions and Notes for the Technology ComparisonComparison

This document compares the performance of existing and future mobile communications systems

• For existing technologies, the performance is based on empirical measurements from commercially available systems including CDMA2000® 1X, 1xEV-DO Release 0 (Rel.0), 1xEV-DO Revision A (Rev. A), GPRS, EDGE, WCDMA, HSDPA and HSPA

• For technologies still under development, the latency performance is based on laboratory test results and spectral efficiencies/sector throughputs are based on computer simulations that take into consideration expected implementation margins, reasonable coverage and a variety of mobility conditions

• 3GPP and 3GPP2 ‘mixed channel model’ simulation methodologies were used to most closely estimate the ‘actual’ system performance that operators should expect to get in the field – values the vendors are willing to “Guarantee”

• For 3GPP technologies, Rel. 99 is shown as WCDMA; Rel. 5 as HSDPA; Rel. 6 as HSPA; Rel. 7 as HSPA+

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Assumptions and Notes for the Technology Assumptions and Notes for the Technology ComparisonComparison

To provide a basis for a fair comparison, a common set of assumptions and parameters are made across all technologies whenever possible:

• Bandwidth: 10 MHz (2x5 MHz FDD or 10 MHz TDD 2:1) • RF environment: Mobility in PCS band (1.9~2 GHz)• VoIP: Voice quality equivalent to that of existing circuit-switched wireless systems in a full mobility

environment. For 3GPP2 systems, an EVRC codec is assumed and for other systems, an AMR 7.95k codec is assumed

• Latency: Round Trip Time (RTT) of a 32 byte ping, assuming a minimum network and backhaul delay in a laboratory environment

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Items for ComparisonItems for Comparison

• Spectral Efficiency• Downlink• Uplink

• Speed• Downlink• Uplink

• Voice over IP (VoIP) Capacity

• Latency

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1X

EV-D

O R

el0

EV-D

O R

ev. A

EV-D

O R

ev. B

GPR

S

EDG

E

WC

DM

A

HSD

PA HSP

A

HSP

A+ LT

EBits

/sec

/HZ

WiM

AX

1/3

WiM

AX

1/3/

1

CDMA2000 Evolution Path Delivers Industry CDMA2000 Evolution Path Delivers Industry Leading Spectral EfficienciesLeading Spectral Efficiencies

2x5 MHz FDD or 10 MHz TDD 2:1 BandwidthsDownlink Spectral Efficiency1

1 Efficiencies for existing systems are field verified. Efficiencies for future systems include proper implementation margins and RF environment.

3GPP2 Assumptions, 5 MHz FDD, 1X and EV-DO assume 3 carriers. EV-DO assumes 1x2 SIMO. Rev. B includes Hardware Upgrade and UMB 2x2 MIMO 3GPP Assumptions, 5 MHz FDD, WCDMA assumes no DSCH. HSDPA assumes 1x1 SISO, HSPA assumes 1x2 SIMO; HSPA+ includes 1x2 SIMO and

equalizer: LTE includes 2x2 MIMOWiMAX Forum Assumptions, D:L = 2:1, 2x2 MIMO; Reuse = 1/3 in 3x3.33 MHz TDD carriers; Reuse = 1/3/1 FFR within 10 MHz TDD channel

UM

B

CDMA2000 continues to evolve to deliver increasingly higher spectral efficiencies and improved performance to meet the growing demand for rich mobile data applications

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CDMA2000 Evolution Path Delivers Industry CDMA2000 Evolution Path Delivers Industry Leading Spectral EfficienciesLeading Spectral EfficienciesCDMA2000 continues to evolve to deliver increasingly higher spectral efficiencies and improved performance to meet the growing demand for rich mobile data applications

Uplink Spectral Efficiency1

1X

EV-D

O R

el0

EV-D

O R

ev A

, B n

o IC

UM

B

GPR

S

EDG

E

WC

DM

A

HSD

PA

HSP

A

HSP

A+

no IC

LTE

Bits

/sec

/HZ

WiM

AX

1/3

WiM

AX

1/3/

1

2x5 MHz FDD or 10 MHz TDD 2:1 BandwidthsEV

-DO

Rev

A, B

IC

1 Efficiencies for existing systems are field verified. Efficiencies for future systems include proper implementation margins and RF environment.

3GPP2 Assumptions, 5 MHz FDD, 1X and EV-DO assume 3 carriers. Rev. A and Rev. B includes no Interference Cancellation (no IC) and interference cancellation (IC); Rev. B includes hardware upgrade and UMB 1x2 SIMO

3GPP Assumptions, 5 MHz FDD, HSPA+ and LTE includes 1x2 SIMO. HSPA+ includes no IC and IC, HSPA = Rel. 6. HSPA+ = Rel. 7WiMAX Forum Assumptions, D:L = 2:1; Reuse = 1/3 in 3x3.33 MHz TDD carriers 2x2 MIMO; Reuse = 1/3/1 FFR within 10 MHz TDD channel 1x2 SIMO

HSP

A+

IC

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DownlinkSpeeds1

1X

EV-D

O R

el0

EV-D

O R

ev. A

EV-D

O R

ev. B

UM

B

GPR

S

EDG

E

WC

DM

A

HSD

PA

HSP

A HSP

A+ LT

EKbp

s/5M

HZ

WiM

AX

1/3

WiM

AX

1/3/

1

Aggregate Downlink Data Rates per Sector in 2x5 MHz FDD or 10 MHz TDD 2:1 Bandwidths

High aggregate downlink throughputs enable CDMA2000 operators tooffer robust bandwidth intensive applications, such as real-time video and push-to-multimedia services to more users

CDMA2000 Continues to Evolve to Deliver Industry CDMA2000 Continues to Evolve to Deliver Industry Leading Data Downlink ThroughputsLeading Data Downlink Throughputs

1 Efficiencies for existing systems are field verified. Efficiencies for future systems include proper implementation margins and RF environment.

3GPP2 Assumptions, 5 MHz FDD, 1X and EV-DO assume 3 carriers. EV-DO assumes 1x2 SIMO. Rev. B includes Hardware Upgrade and UMB 2x2 MIMO3GPP Assumptions, 5 MHz FDD, WCDMA assumes no DSCH. HSDPA assumes 1x1 SISO; HSPA assumes 1x2 SIMO; HSPA+ includes 1x2 SIMO and

equalizer; LTE includes 2x2 MIMO and equalizationWiMAX Forum Assumptions, D:L = 2:1; 2x2 MIMO; Reuse = 1/3 in 3x3.33 MHz TDD carriers; Reuse = 1/3/1 FFR within 10 MHz TDD channel

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Uplink Speeds1

1X

EV-D

O R

el0

UM

B

GPR

S

EDG

E

WC

DM

A

HSD

PA

HSP

A

HSP

A+

no IC

LTEK

bps/

5MH

Z

WiM

AX

1/3

WiM

AX

1/3/

1

Aggregate Uplink Data Rates per Sector in 2x5 MHz FDD or 10 MHz TDD 2:1

CDMA2000 Continues to Evolve to Deliver CDMA2000 Continues to Evolve to Deliver Industry Leading Data Uplink ThroughputsIndustry Leading Data Uplink ThroughputsHigh aggregate uplink throughputs ensure that CDMA2000 users can send large files and real-time video from their handsets, while CDMA2000 operators can offer video conferencing and monitoring

EV-D

O R

ev A

, B n

o IC

EV-D

OR

ev A

, B IC

1 Efficiencies for existing systems are field verified. Efficiencies for future systems include proper implementation margins and RF environment.

3GPP2 Assumptions, 5 MHz FDD, 1X and EV-DO assume 3 carriers. Rev. A and Rev. B include no Interference Cancellation (no IC) and interference cancellation (IC); Rev. B includes hardware upgrade and UMB 1x2 SIMO

3GPP Assumptions, 5 MHz FDD, HSPA+ and LTE includes 1x2 SIMO; HSPA+ includes no IC and IC, HSPA = Rel. 6. HSPA+ = Rel. 7WiMAX Forum Assumption,; D:L = 2:1; Reuse = 1/3 in 3x3.33 MHz TDD carriers 2x2 MIMO; Reuse = 1/3/1 FFR within 10 MHz TDD channel 1x2 SIMO

HSP

A+

IC

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MB

HSP

A+

no IC LT

EWiM

AX

1/3

(3x1

0MH

z)2

EV-D

O R

ev A

, B P

IC

EV-D

O R

ev A

, B F

ull I

C

EV-D

O R

ev A

, B n

o IC

Simultaneous Calls/Sector 132 150 186 133 160 90 200 250

VoIP capacity measured in number of simultaneous users per sector2x5 MHZ FDD for CDMA and 3x10 MHz TDD DL:UL=2:1 with 1/3 Reuse for WiMAX

Voice over IP (VoIP) Capacity1

1 Channel Capacities reflect the effects of frequency reuse and overhead structure.2 A bandwidth of 30 MHz is necessary to assign a separate 10 MHz frequency assignment for each sector Carrier grade VoIP assumes handsets with a quality comparable to that in the existing wireless systems under mobility environment.CDMA2000: 3GPP2 Assumptions, EV-DO Rev A and B 3 carriers in 5 MHz FDD with no Interference Cancellation (no IC), Pilot Interference

Cancellation (PIC) and Full Interference Cancellation (IC)3GPP Assumptions, 5 MHz, FDDWiMAX Forum, 3x10 MHz TDD DL:UL=2:1 with 1/3 reuse

CDMA2000 Offers a Competitive Advantage in CDMA2000 Offers a Competitive Advantage in Delivering VoIPDelivering VoIP--based services based services CDMA2000 will be first to support carrier-grade VoIP in 2008EV-DO and UMB are best suited for delivering VoIP services over wireless networks

Sim

ulta

neou

s C

alls

per

Sec

tor

HSP

A+

IC

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1X

EV-D

O R

el0

EV-D

O R

ev. A

EV-D

O R

ev. B

UM

B

GPR

S

EDG

E

WC

DM

A

HSD

PA

HSP

A

HSP

A+

LTE3

mse

c

WiM

AX

1/3

WiM

AX

1/3/

1

End-to-End Average Ping Time (RTT1) Between Network NodesAverage Latencies2

CDMA2000 family of standards continues to evolve to offer lower average latencies to enable delay-sensitive services such as video telephony and VoIP-based applications

CDMA2000 Evolution Path Delivers Low LatenciesCDMA2000 Evolution Path Delivers Low Latencies

1 The round trip time (RTT) latency of existing systems is based on laboratory measurements using 32 Byte ping.2 The RTT latency of future systems is based on air interface specification under laboratory environment and reasonable backhaul and network

delays.3 LTE RTT latency is expected to be comparable to that of UMB, pending the completion of the standard.

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CDMA: TimeCDMA: Time--toto--Market LeadershipMarket Leadership

2001 20112010

DL: 2.4 MbpsUL: 153 kbps

(1.25 MHz, FDD)

DL: 1.8 - 28 MbpsUL: 11 Mbps(5 MHz, FDD)

DL: 1.8-7.2 MbpsUL: 384 kbps(5 MHz, FDD)

DL: 153 kbpsUL: 153 kbps

(1.25 MHz, FDD)

DL: 9.3/14.72 MbpsUL: 5.4 Mbps(5 MHz, FDD)

3G CDMA Evolution Path

DL: 36-147 MbpsUL: 14-72 Mbps(5-20 MHz, FDD)

HSPA+5Rel-6

HSPARel-5

HSDPARel-99

WCDMA

EV-DORev. B1

1xEV-DORev. A1

1xEV-DORel 0

Rel-7

1XDL: 3.1 MbpsUL: 1.8 Mbps

(1.25 MHz, FDD)

DL: 384 kbpsUL: 384 kbps(5 MHz, FDD)

DL: 1.8-14.4 MbpsUL: 5.72 Mbps(5 MHz, FDD)

VoIP

20062005200420032002 2007 2008 2009

Mobile WiMAXWiMAX 1/37

DL: 6.1 MbpsUL: 2.7 kbps(10 MHz TDD)

WiMAX 1/3/18

DL: 35 MbpsUL: 8.2 Mbps(10 MHz TDD)

VoIP

DL: 33-152 Mbps4

UL: 17-75 Mbps (5-20 MHz, FDD)

UMB3

VoIP

VoIP

Note: timeline depicts initial commercial availability of each technology. Those introduced beyond 2008 are under standardization and are subject to variability.1 EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B incorporate OFDM for multicasting2 Data Rates based hardware upgrade 3 Multiple modes supported: CDMA, TDM, OFDM, OFDMA, LS-OFDM. New antenna techniques used: 2x2 MIMO and SDMA. Leverages EV-DO protocol stack4 Data rates are based on 2x2 MIMO. Data rate depends on the level of mobility5 Upper range DL peak data rates are based on 2x2 MIMO6 Initial requirements are based on OFDMA in the DL and SC-FDMA in the UL, FDD, 64 QAM, 2 TX MIMO in DL, and single TX stream in UL7 Based on Reuse = 1/3 in 3x3.33 MHz TDD carriers 2x2 MIMO, DL:UL 2:1 8 Based on Reuse = 1/3/1 FFR within 10 MHz TDD channel 2x2 MIMO ; DL:UL =2:1

OFDMA Evolution Path

VoIP

LTE6

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Multi-carrier EV-DORev. B

EV-DORev. A

CDMA20001xEV-DO Rel. 0

CDMA20001X

Coexistence of CDMA and OFDM-based Solutions

•2006•2005•2004•2003•2002•2001 •2007 •2008 •2009 •2010 •2011

LTE

UMB

•2012 •2013 •2014

Existing SpectrumExisting Spectrum Migration Path

New SpectrumNew Spectrum Broadband Technologies

oror

Mobile WiMAX (801.16e)

oror1)1)

2)2)3)3)

Complementary SolutionsComplementary Solutions

801.16m

OFDMOFDM--based solutions will complement 3G CDMA solutionsbased solutions will complement 3G CDMA solutions

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Summary of comparisonSummary of comparison

• When comparing it is important to specify the same criteria for each technology and to use YOUR market requirements

• CDMA2000 family evolves to provide very competitive performance

• CDMA2000 operators who eventually add complementary OFDMA systems will benefit from:

• An upgradeable CDMA2000 network with a long life• A time to market advantage• Dual mode devices

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