microprocessor fundamentals

1. The devices that provide the means for a computer to communicate with the user or other computers are referred to as:A.CPUB.ALUC.I/OD.none of the aboveAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

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2. The software used to drive microprocessor-based systems is called:A.assembly languageB.firmwareC.machine language codeD.BASIC interpreter instructionsAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



3. The circuits in the 8085A that provide the arithmetic and logic functions are called the:A.CPUB.ALUC.I/OD.none of the aboveAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



4. How many buses are connected as part of the 8085A microprocessor?A.2 B.3C.5 D.8Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



5. The ________ ensures that only one IC is active at a time to avoid a bus conflict caused by two ICs writing different data to the same bus.A.control busB.control instructionsC.address decoderD.CPUAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option C

Explanation:



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Microprocessor Fundamentals - True or False

6. How many bits are used in the data bus?A.7 B.8C.9 D.16Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



7. The items that you can physically touch in a computer system are called:A.softwareB.firmwareC.hardwareD.none of the aboveAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option C

Explanation:



8. Single-bit indicators that may be set or cleared to show the results of logical or arithmetic operations are the:A.flags B.registersC.monitors D.decisionsAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



9. When referring to instruction words, a mnemonic is:A.a short abbreviation for the operand addressB.a short abbreviation for the operation to be performedC.a short abbreviation for the data word stored at the operand addressD.shorthand for machine languageAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



10. The technique of assigning a memory address to each I/O device in the computer system is called:A.

memory-mapped I/O

B.ported I/OC.dedicated I/OD.

wired I/O

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



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11. When was the first 8-bit microprocessor introduced?A.1969 B.1974C.1979 D.1985Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



12. What type of circuit is used at the interface point of an output port?A.

decoder

B.latchC.tristate bufferD.

none of the above


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



13. I/O mapped systems identify their input/output devices by giving them a(n) ________.A.

8-bit port number

B.16-bit port numberC.8-bit buffer numberD.

8-bit instruction


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



14. What type of circuit is used at the interface point of an input port?A.

decoder

B.latchC.tristate bufferD.

none of the above


Answer: Option C

Explanation:



15. The register in the 8085A that is used to keep track of the memory address of the next op-code to be run in the program is the:A.

stack pointer

B.program counterC.instruction pointerD.

accumulator


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



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16. The control bus and memories share a bidirectional bus in a typical microprocessor system.A True B.False

.Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



17. All computer programs for a machine are called:A.

software

B.firmwareC.hardwareD.

none of the above


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



18. The 8085A is a(n):A.

16-bit parallel CPU

B.8-bit serial CPUC.8-bit parallel CPUD.

none of the above


Answer: Option C

Explanation:



19. Because microprocessor CPUs do not understand mnemonics as they

are, they have to be converted to ________.A.

hexadecimal machine code

B.binary machine codeC.assembly languageD.

all of the above


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



20. A register in the microprocessor that keeps track of the answer or results of any arithmetic or logic operation is the:A.

stack pointer

B.program counterC.instruction pointerD.

accumulator


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



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21. What is the difference between a mnemonic code and machine code?A.

There is no difference.

B.Machine codes are in binary, mnemonic codes are in shorthand English.

C.Machine codes are in shorthand English, mnemonic codes are in binary.


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



22. Which bus is a bidirectional bus?A.

address bus

B.data busC.address bus and data busD.

none of the above


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



23. Which of the following buses is primarily used to carry signals that direct other ICs to find out what type of operation is being performed?A.

data bus

B.control busC.address busD.

address decoder bus


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



24. What kind of computer program is used to convert mnemonic code to machine code?A.

debug B.assembler

C.C++ D.FortranAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



25. Which of the following are the three basic sections of a microprocessor unit?A.

operand, register, and arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)

B.control and timing, register, and arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)C.control and timing, register, and memoryD.

arithmetic/logic unit (ALU), memory, and input/output


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



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1. The stack is a data storage area in RAM used by certain microprocessor operations.A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



2. A microprocessor with the necessary support circuits will include at least two memory ICs: ROM or EPROM, and a RAM.A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



3. I/O-mapped systems identify their input and output devices by giving them an 8-bit port number.A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



4. A microcontroller integrates multichip systems with RAM, ROM, and I/O.

A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



5. Programs written for the 8080A must have slight modifications to run on the 8085A.A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



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6. The software used to drive a microprocessor-based system is called FORTRAN.A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



7. Conversion from assembly language to machine language can be done by the programmer through a process called hand assembly.A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



8. Assembly language is written using mnemonics: MVI, DCR, JZ.A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



9. The 8085 software is compatible with the 8080A.A.True B.FalseAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



10. LDA addr and STA addr are Fortran language instructions stored in an external memory IC for a microprocessor.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



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1. Which of the following is not a basic element within the microprocessor?A.MicrocontrollerB.Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)C.Register arrayD.Control unitAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



2. Which method bypasses the CPU for certain types of data transfer?A.Software interruptsB.Interrupt-driven I/OC.Polled I/OD.Direct memory access (DMA)Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option D

Explanation:



3. Which of the following is not an enhancement to the Pentium that was unavailable in the 8086/8088?A."Pipelined" architectureB.Expansion of cache memoryC.Inclusion of an internal math coprocessorD.Data/address line multiplexingAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option D

Explanation:



4. Which bus is bidirectional?A.Address busB.Control busC.Data busD.None of the aboveAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option C

Explanation:



5. DMA is particularly suited for data transfer between the ________.A.disk drive and CPUB.disk drive and RAMC.disk drive and ROMD.disk drive and I/OAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



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Computers - True or False Computers - Filling the Blanks

6. The first microprocessor had a(n)________.A.1-bit data busB.2-bit data busC.4-bit data busD.8-bit data busAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option C

Explanation:



7. Which microprocessor has multiplexed data and address lines?A.8086/8088 B.80286C.80386 D.PentiumAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option A

Explanation:



8. Which is not an operand?A.VariableB.RegisterC.Memory locationD.AssemblerAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option D

Explanation:



9. Which is not part of the execution unit (EU)?A.Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)B.ClockC.General registersD.FlagsAnswer & Explanation

Answer: Option B

Explanation:



10. A 20-bit address bus can locate ________.A.

1,048,576 locations

B.2,097,152 locationsC.4,194,304 locationsD.

8,388,608 locations


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



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11. What is occurring when two or more sources of data attempt to use the same bus?A.

Bus contention

B.Direct memory accessC.Bus interruptionD.

PPI


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



12. Which of the following is not a jump instruction?A.

JB (jump back)

B.JA (jump above)C.JO (jump if overflow)D.

JMP (unconditional jump)


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



13. Which of the following was not a design improvement for the 8086/8088 over the 8085?A.

Execution unit (EU)

B.16-bit data busC.Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)D Bus interface unit (BIU)


Answer: Option C

Explanation:



14. Polled I/O works best when ________.A.

there are no priority considerations

B.priority considerations are frequentC.the polling rate exceeds 1000 sD.

the polling rate is below 1000 s


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



15. Which of the following is not an arithmetic instruction?A.

INC (increment)

B.CMP (compare)C.DEC (decrement)D.

ROL (rotate left)


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



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16. During a read operation the CPU fetches ________.A.

a program instruction

B.another addressC.data itselfD.

all of the above


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



17. The first Intel microprocessor to contain on-board cache memory was the ________.A.

80386

B.80486C.PentiumD.

Pentium Pro


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



18. Which of the following is not an 8086/8088 general-purpose register?A.

Code segment (CS)

B.Data segment (DS)C.Stack segment (SS)D.

Address segment (AS)


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



19. Which of the following is not a computer bus?A.

Data bus

B.Control busC.Timer busD.

Address bus


Answer: Option C

Explanation:



20. With interrupt-driven I/O, if two or more devices request service at the same time, ________.A.

the device closest to the CPU gets priority

B.the device that is fastest gets priorityC.the device assigned the highest priority is serviced firstD.

the system is likely to crash


Answer: Option C

Explanation:



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21. The Pentium can address ________.A.

1 MB

B.1 GBC.2 GBD.

4 GB


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



22. A port can be ________.A.

strictly for input

B.strictly for outputC.bidirectionalD.

all of the above


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



23. Which of the following is not a computer functional block?A.

Analog-to-digital converter

B.Central-processing unitC.MemoryD.

Input/output ports


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



24. The Pentium microprocessor has a data bus of ________.A.

16 bits

B.32 bitsC.64 bitsD.

128 bits


Answer: Option C

Explanation:



25. The process of jointly establishing communication is called ________.A.

DMA

B.bidirectional addressingC.multiplexingD.

handshaking


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



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1. A mnemonic is an English-like instruction that is converted by an assembler into a machine code for use by a processor.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



2. Chip designers are always trying to increase the clock speed.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



3. Instructions for the 80X86 family are downward compatible.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



4. The Pentium can execute two instructions at once.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



5. A coprocessor is a microprocessor designed with a limited instruction set optimized to perform arithmetic operations very quickly.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



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Computers - Filling the Blanks

6. The original Pentium was the first CPU to feature separate data and instruction caches.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



7. Machine language is independent of the type of microprocessor in a computer system.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



8. The PCI bus is a good example of an external bus for personal computers.A True B.False


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



9. The Power PC can effectively execute up to ten instructions per clock cycle.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



10. Polling is the process of pausing the normal sequence of instructions to cause the processor to execute a separate set of I/O instructions instead.A.

True B.False


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



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Computers - Filling the Blanks

1. The AND, OR, and TEST instructions are all part of which type of instruction?A.

Data transfer

B.ArithmeticC.Bit manipulationD.

Loops and jumps


Answer: Option C

Explanation:



2. A mini-program that can be used repeatedly, but is programmed only once is called a(n) ________.A.

string

B.subroutineC.interruptD.

processor control


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



3. Contiguous sequences of bytes or words are called ________.A.

data transfer

B.arithmeticC.loops and jumpsD.

strings


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



4. An interrupt method that requires the CPU to test each peripheral device in sequence is called ________.A.

vectored I/O

B.polled I/OC.programmed interruptD.

interrupt-driven I/O


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



5. An example of a unidirectional bus in a microcomputer system is the ________.A.

address bus

B.data busC.control busD.

all of the above


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



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6. The ADD, CMP, and MUL instructions are all part of which type of instruction?A.

Data transfer


Loops and jumps


Answer: Option B

Explanation:



7. Instructions that allow direct control of the processor's flags are called ________ instructions.A.

data transfer

B.arithmeticC.bit manipulationD.

processor control


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



8. The MOV, PUSH, and POP instructions are all part of which type of instruction?A.

Data transfer

B.ArithmeticC.Bit manipulationD Loops and jumps


Answer: Option A

Explanation:



9. The JNZ, JA, and LOOP instructions are all part of which type of instruction?A.

Data transfer


Loops and jumps


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



10. During a memory read operation, the CPU fetches ________.A.

a program instruction

B.an addressC.dataD.

all of the above


Answer: Option D

Explanation:



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microprocessor fundamentals

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