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Microprocesso rs and Microcontrollers Unit 3 JCV 90 UNIT III 80X86 PROCESSORS Evolution from 8080/8085 to 8086 Intel introduced 8086 microprocessor in 1978. This 16-bit microprocessor was a major improvement over the previous generation of 8080/8085 series of microprocessors. In a system with pipelining, the data and the address bus are busy transferring data while the CPU is processing information. Overview or Features of 8086  It is a 16-  bit Microprocessor(μp).It’s ALU, internal registers works with 16bit binary word.  8086 has a 20 bit address bus can access up to 2 20 = 1 MB memory locations.  8086 has a 16bit data bus. It can read or write data to a memory/port either 16bits or 8 bit at a time.  It can support up to 64K I/O ports.  It provides 14, 16 -bit registers.  Frequency range of 8086 is 6-10 MHz  It has multiplexed address and data bus AD0- AD15 and A16  – A19.  It requires single phase clock with 33% duty cycle to provide internal timing.  It can prefetch upto 6 instruction bytes from memory and queues them in order to speed up instruction execution.  It requires +5V power supply.  A 40 pin dual in line package.  8086 is designed to operate in two modes, Minimum mode and Maximum mode. o The minimum mode is selected by applying logic 1 to the MN / MX# input pin. This is a single microprocessor configuration. o The maximum mode is selected by applying logic 0 to the MN / MX# input pin. This is a multi micro processors configuration. 3.1. Ar chitechtur e of 8086 / Functional Block diagram of 8086

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