Teaching methods Prepared by:

1. Mohamed Sabry 2. Mohamed Mansour Shahin3. Fawzy Mohamed

4. Ali Ahmed5. Ahmed Gamal Mohamed6. Heba Elsayed7. Ghada Mohamed8. Yomna Gamal9. Sahar Tawfik

Under supervisionDr /zenibObjectives:

At the end of this lecture the student will be able to:

Define teaching method Identify types of teaching methods Differniate among teaching method types Advantages & disadvantages of teaching method types Out lines:

Introduction.

Definition of teaching method. Teaching method types.

Advantages and disadvantages of teaching methods types. Introduction: Teaching is an art form all its own. It has order, function, purpose, meaning, and like art. Involve and take shape within the imagination and mind of the teacher. Definition:It is a method used for instruction. Teaching method types: Lecture

Group discussion Demonstration, return demonstration(practical work, bedside teaching, and field work) Role playing Models and simulation devices Real objects and specimens One to one instruction Computer assisted instruction game Simulation, handouts, books and programmed learning from books Graphics , posters and paintings1. Lecture:

Highly structured method by which the teacher verbally transmits information directly to a group of learners for the purpose of instruction.

DisadvantagesAdvantage

Keep student in a passive situation

Low receptivity Don't allow individual pace of learning Don't facilitate learning how to solve problem Difficulty in checking learning progress Saving time

Showmanship of teacher Cover large group of students Give feeling of security Cost effective method Getting large amount of information across to large number of students

2. Group discussion:It is a method of teaching where the learners get together to exchange information, feelings and opinions with other and teacher.DisadvantagesAdvantages

High costs in personnel and more time

Number of students is limited It stimulate learners to think

Exchange their own experiences Provide opportunities for sharing of ideas and receiving peer support Facilitate evaluation

3. Demonstration & Return demonstration:

It is a method by which the learner is shown by the teacher how to perform a particular skill.

AdvantagesDisadvantages

Each is effective in teaching psychomotor domains skills

Enhance cognitive and effective learning Give feeling of security Quality of observation Catch attention Presence of reality

Number of students is limited

High cost Passive student situation Does not allow for individual paces of learning Difficulty in repeating the demonstration in order to acquire competence

4. Role playing:One or more participant adopts a specified role and tries to behave in ways characteristics of a person in that roleAdvantagesDisadvantages

Provide opportunity to practice skills

Allow for exploration of solution Introduce problem situation dramatically Provide opportunity for students to assume roles of others Time consuming

Strongly depend on imagination of student Not appropriate for large group

Some students may feel threatened

5. Simulations:It is a method where by an artificial or hypothetical experiences is created that engages the learner in an activity that reflects real life conditions but without the risk-taking consequences of the actual level learning.AdvantagesDisadvantages

Students become active participation

Promote and develop critical and creative thinking Develop interpersonal and social skills, attitudes ,and values

Variety of learning objectives may be associated with simulation High cost

Usable for small groups Models often easily damaged

Never same as performing technique on patient

6. Real objects and specimens:AdvantagesDisadvantages

Present reality, not substitutes

Three dimensional

Permit use of all sense in study May be not easily obtained

Inconvenience of size- danger in use Costly or not expendable Only for small groups Easily damaged Problem of storage

7. Computer assisted instruction:An individualized method of self-study using computers.AdvantagesDisadvantages

Assists the learner in achievement of educational objectives

Provides multiple self-assessment opportunities Depersonalized the learning process

Expensive Not adequate for learners who need human interaction to learn best

8. Game

AdvantagesDisadvantages

Actively involves learners

Generate motivation Promote team learning Provide challenge Provide feedback

Can create fun in learning Can create in group and out group feeling

Can demotivate those who are not competitive by nature Can create feeling of inadequacy Can discourage creativity

9. Books, handouts, programmed learning from books, and simulation:

AdvantagesDisadvantages

Enables student to work at his own pace

Facilitates self-evaluation High availability Makes mass teaching possible with high efficiency Reduce risks ( patient or society)

Avoid bias transmitted by bad teacher Necessitates special education competence

High additional investment costs

No group dynamics

10. Graphics, posters, paintings, and photographic prints:AdvantagesDisadvantages

Promote correlation of information

Assist organization of material Photographs nearer to reality than drawing Usually easily produced and duplicated( black and white photos) Easy to store, catalogue and retrieve. For small audiences only (unless projected with epidiascope)

For effective use , good duplicating equipment and trained staff needed

11. One to one instruction:

It is a method in which the teacher delivers individual instruction designed specifically for a learner.

AdvantagesDisadvantages

Ability to individualize teaching

The content tailored to meet individual needs Isolation of the learner from others who may have similar needs or concerns