measurement of bp re

8/3/2019 Measurement of Bp Re

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Reported by Rowena P. Ligon


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Blood pressure measurement is a simple and

painless exercise. Setting aside the time to

pay a trip to your doctor or local clinic or

alternatively investing in a home bloodpressure monitor may very well end up

saving your life in the long run. When high

blood pressure is caught early, it is far easier

to treat than when it has reached higherlevels.


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When the BP is taken, the cuff should be inflated to a

pressure approximately 30 mmHg greater thansystolic, as estimated from the disappearance of thepulse in the brachial artery by palpation. Initialestimation of the systolic pressure by palpationavoids potential problems with an auscultatory gap.

Korotkoff sounds transiently disappear as the cuff isdeflated. Once the cuff is adequately inflated, thefollowing steps should be followed :

The stethoscope should be placed lightly over thebrachial artery, since the use of excessive pressurecan increase turbulence and delay the disappearanceof sound. The net effect is that the diastolicpressure reading may be artifactually reduced byupto 10 to 15 mmHg.


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The BP should always be taken with patient'sarm supported at the level of the heart.Allowing the arm to hang down when the patient

is sitting or standing, will result in the brachialartery being 15 cm below the heart.

As a result, the measured BP will be elevated by10-15 mmHg due to the added hydrostaticpressure induced by gravity .

The cuff should deflated slowly at the rate of 2to 3 mmHg per heartbeat. The systolic pressureis equal to the pressure at which the brachialpulse can first be palpated as blood flow is

restored through the previously compressedvessel; the systolic pressure is also equal to thepressure at which the pulse is first heard byauscultation (Korotkoff phase 1).


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As the cuff is deflated below the systolicpressure, the pulse continues to be heard untilthere is abrupt muffling (phase 4) and,approximately, 8 to 10 mmHg later,disappearance of sound (phase 5), although thepoint of muffling sound should be used in thosepatients in whom there is more than 10 mmHgdifference between phase 4 and 5.

The BP should be measured initially in botharms. If there is a disparity due to a unilateralarterial lesion, the arm with higher pressureshould be used.

The BP should be taken at least twice to be sureof the accurate readings.


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Proper measurement and interpretation ofthe blood pressure (BP) is essential in the

diagnosis and management of hypertension.

However, observational studies suggest that

most of the doctors do not follow the correcttechnique of BP measurement, leading to

potential errors in diagnosis and

management of hypertension . It was seen

that among medical students who hadcompleted a course on how to properly

measure the BP, only 5% adhered to course

guidelines one year later .


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BP should be recorded in a quiet, warm setting.

Sitting pressures Patient conditions :

the patient should sit quietly with the backsupported for five minutes and the arm

supported at the level of heart. The patient should not take any caffeine or

exogenous Adrenergic stimulants during thehour preceding the reading and no smokingduring the preceding 30 minutes.

If possible, the BP should be measured 30-60minutes

before antihypertensive drugs are taken, toestimate

through or nadir effect.


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Mercury sphygmomanometers provide the

most accurate measurement of BP.

Use of proper-sized cuff is essential, the

bladder should encircle and cover two third

of the length of the arm; if not, place the

bladder over the brachial artery to prevent

high readings bladder that is too small.


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If your doctor has told you that you need to

start taking your blood pressure at home or if

you have decided yourself that it is

something you would like to keep an eye onthen there is basically two different blood

pressure monitors you can use 1) Aneroid

monitors 2) Digital Monitors. Here we will

explain how to take your own blood pressure

using either kind of monitor and what to do

to prepare beforehand.


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1) At least 30 minutes before taking a reading avoidusing any kinds of foods or drinks that alter yourblood pressure such as stimulants like tea and coffeeand energy drinks like red bull. Alcohol and cigarettesshould also be avoided.2) Empty your bladder before taking a reading.3) Rest for 5 minutes before measuring your blood

pressure and avoid talking also.4) Sit comfortably with your back supported and withyour ankles uncrossed.5) You will need to rest your left arm on a desk ortable that keeps your arm level with your heart.

6) Attach the cuff of the blood pressure monitor youare using to your bare upper left arm atapproximately 1 inch above the crease of yourelbow. The cuff should be snug but leaving enoughroom for you to fit one finger underneath.


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1) Put the ear pieces of the stethoscope in your ears.

2) The disc of the stethoscope should be place on your upper arm on theinside just above the elbow crease.

3) The cuff will need to be inflated quickly with no delay. A delay can causea false reading. Keep inflating the cuff until the reading exceeds your

previous reading by 30 40 points.

4) At this point let out some air at a rate of about 2 -3 mm per sec. Dontdeflate the cuff any faster than this as it will create an inaccurate reading.

5) As the cuff deflates, listen carefully for the first sound of your heart beat.When you hear it, write down the reading on the dial, this is your systolic

pressure.

6) Continue to deflate the cuff at 2 -3 mm per sec until you hear your heartbeat completely stop. Right down the reading at this point, this is yourdiastolic pressure.


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1) Place the cuff around your bare upper arm, justabove the elbow crease.

2) Press the start button.

3) Fully automatic digital monitors will inflate bythemselves and semiautomatic digital monitors willneed to be inflated manually with a rubber bulb.

4) All digital monitors will begin to deflate

automatically to give your complete blood pressurereading. Some digital monitors will store the reading,for others you will need to write down the reading.

5) You can now press the exhaust button to release allof the air.


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Mercury Filled Glass Tube In Easy-To-Read Metal Scale, Calibrated

From 0mm. Hg To 300mm. Hg. Minimum Maintenance

ACUMAX Is a Calibrated Cuff With Two Tube Latex Bladder.

Cuff Has Size, Index and Range Markings, Artery Indicator Label And

Gauge Holder.

Compact, Accurate Mercurial In Self- Contained Aluminum Case With

Push-button Lock.

Silver Gray Textured Color.

The Scale Is Aluminum, Black, Anodized Background With Large

White Numbers.

Aluminum-Alloy, Lightweight, Strong, Portable Caring Case.

Delivers Scientific Precise Accuracy.

Weight - 2 1/4 Pounds.

FEATURES OF MERCURICAL SPHYGMOMANOMETER :
http://www.gayatrihouse.com/Images/mercury1.gif


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Mini Arm Blood Pressure Monitor (01/24/2005)

Mini Arm type Blood pressure monitor Size same as wrist type East

carry for travel One hand operation Large LCD Display Smart sense

oscillometric Pressure +/- 2mmhg Pluse +/- 2% Automatic inflation

60 set non-volatile memory Year-month-day display Arm size 135-195mm Synchronize heart beat buzzer Battery life over 250 times

Accurate.
http://united-technology-development-ltd.tradenote.net/product/420772-Mini-Arm-Blood.htmlhttp://united-technology-development-ltd.tradenote.net/product/420772-Mini-Arm-Blood.html


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1. Please key-in the file name before storingmeasured curves.

2. It shows measuring curves of pulse on realtime.

3. It shows measuring curves of cuff pressure onreal time.

4. Adjusting curves of pulse in upper and lowerdisplacement.

5. Adjusting curve of blood pressure in left andright sides.

6. Adjusting curve of blood pressure in upper andlower.

7. Storing the measured curves.

8. Closing the application program.


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digital


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BP is currently measured in the arm because

it is convenient. However, this may not

always accurately reflect what the pressure

is in the larger arteries close to the heart.

The new technology uses a sensor on the

wrist to record the pulse wave and then,

using computerised modelling of the pulse

wave, scientists are able to accurately read

the pressure close to the heart.


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measurement of bp re

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