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Degree of a jointDegree of a joint
• the degree-of a joint is the number of links connected at the joint minus one. j
Binary Joint Ternary Joint Quarternary Joint
!!!! Do not confuse with the degree of freedom of a joint
Note that the number of joints at that connection is equal to the degree of a jointdegree of a joint.
Degree of freedom of a joint is the number of independent parameters required to define the position of one link relative to the other connected by that joint.
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Link dimensionsMechanisms
Link dimensions
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Mechanisms
Degree of freedom of a h imechanism
is the number of independent parameters required to defineparameters required to define the position of every link in that mechanism.
Reading Assignment: upto page 33 (End of Chapter 1) by October 13 ‘08
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Reading Assignment: upto page 33 (End of Chapter 1) by October 13 08
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Bc
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E De
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Degree of freedom of a mechanism:Degree of freedom of a mechanism:• Depends on:epe ds o
– The degree of freedom of spaceThe degree of freedom of the joints– The degree of freedom of the joints
– The number of links and joints in the mechanism
– The distribution of links and joints within the mechanism
Does not depend onpThe shape of the links
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Determination of the Degree of freedomDetermination of the Degree of freedom
Let
λ= Degree-of-freedom of space: λ = 3 for planar and spherical spaceλ = 6 for spatial space
= Number of links in a mechanism (including the fixed link).
j = Number of joints in the mechanism j jf = Degree-of-freedom of the ith joint F = Degree-of- freedom of the mechanism
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Consider four links in plane motion
For 4 links 4*3=12 parameters are neededFor links (with one link fixed):
λ( -ı) parameters are required. This is the number of parameters needed without joints (constraints)
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With the joints shown:With the joints shown:
Link 2 3Parameters
Link 3 2 Parameters (Cylinder in slot joint has 2 Dof, constrains 1 Dof in plane motion).
Li k 4 1 P t ( l t J i t h 1 D f t i 2 D f i Pl ti )Link 4 1 Parameter (revolute Joints has 1 Dof, constrains 2 Dof in Plane motion)
Link5 1 Parameter (revolute Joints has 1 Dof, constrains 2 Dof in Plane motion)
With these 3 joints 1+2+2 = 5 freedoms are constrained
j j
Therefore now we need (12-5) 7 parameters to determine the position of these 4 links
If the joint freedom is fi, then that joint constrains λ – fi freedoms. j joints will constrain:
∑ ∑= =
−=−j
i
j
iii fjf
1 1)( λλ freedoms
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Degree of Freedom of a mechanism FDegree of Freedom of a mechanism, F
• F = Degree of freedom without constraint Number of constraints (Eq l c)• F = Degree of freedom without constraint ⎯Number of constraints (Eq.l.c)
j
F j fii
j
= − − −=∑λ λ( ) ( )1
1
or
F j fj
∑λ( )1F j fii
= − − +=∑λ( )1
1
General Degree-of-freedom equation
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Example V Engine or V PumpExample- V Engine or V-Pump
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ExampleExample
Schematic Drawing
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ExampleExampleVirtual Model
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Inverted Slider-Crank MechanismDrawn by: Eres SöylemezChecked by: Eres Söylemez
5Checked by: Eres SöylemezDate September 15 2004METU
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Example
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Example: Excavator
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Example Folding ChairExample-Folding Chair
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ExampleExample
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ExampleExample
HingeUS3673635US36736351972
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ExampleExample
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Example:
ADJUSTABLE STROKE PUMPADJUSTABLE STROKE PUMP.The mechanism shown is an adjustable stroke pump. The mechanism is driven by an electric motor attached to the input crank to impart a translating motion to the piston. The adjustment on the amount of stroke of the pump is made by a screw (not shown) which changes the p p y ( ) gposition of the pin A.
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1Cs
PP
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CsP
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R R
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ExampleThree Gear Drive
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ExampleLanding Gear door with controlled Kinematic Control (US 2005/0211848)(US 2005/0211848)
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Example
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Example (Radial Misalignment Coupling)
Mechanisms
Example (Radial Misalignment Coupling)
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Example
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Linked Multi-Segment Landing Gear Door for Aircraft
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Example Car SuspensionExample Car Suspension
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Example:Some spatial mechanisms
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