material selection of smartphone body shell [autosaved].ppt 2
TRANSCRIPT
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By Muhammad Harith
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Outline
BackgroundFracture Toughness
Thermal ConductivityStiffness
Embodied Energy
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Aluminum
Density : 2.5 ~ 2.7 g/cm^3
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Polycarbonate
Molecular Structure of PC
-thermoplastic polymers-they are polymers containing carbonate groups (–O–(C=O)–O–).
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Evolution
Years iPhone Samsung Galaxy
2007 iPhone 1G -
2008 iPhone 3G -
2009 iPhone 3GS Galaxy
2010 iPhone 4 Galaxy S
2011 iPhone 4S Galaxy S2
2012 iPhone 5 Galaxy S3
2013 iPhone 5S and 5C Galaxy S4
2014 - Galaxy S5
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DesignCriteria:•To protect the core system of a smartphone.•The compression and tension which happen in bending can affect the functionality of the phone and might as well causes the phone to break easily•To avoid any plastic deformation•Assumption: the shell must be an elastic beam
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Objective
Objective :Optimizing fracture toughness and minimizing the mass
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Fracture Toughness
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Ashby Materials Chart: Fracture Toughness vs Elastic Limit
Chart 1
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Table of Materials and their Material Indices
Material Fracture Toughness / MPa*m^1/2 Yield Strength/ MPa Material IndexAluminum 35 500 0.07
CFRP 88 1050 0.083809524Magnesium 18 400 0.045
Polycarbonate 4.6 70 0.065714286Epoxies 2.22 71.7 0.030962343PMMA 1.6 72.4 0.022099448
Table 1
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Thermal Conductivity
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Table of Materials and their Material Indices
Table 2
Material Thermal Conductivity (W/m*K) Thermal Conductivity^2 Density(g/cm^3) Material IndexAluminum 76 5776 2.7 6.41223E-05Magnesium 1.28 1.6384 1.74 0.35077676
CFRP 50 2500 1.5 0.000266667Ploycarbonate 0.19 0.0361 1.114 24.86609607
Epoxies 0.18 0.0324 1.11 27.80558336PMMA 0.08 0.0064 1.16 134.6982759
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Stiffness
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Ashby Materials Chart: Young Modulus vs Density
Chart 2
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Table of Materials and their Material Indices
Table 3
Material Modulus (MPa)Modulus^(1/2) Density(g/cm^3) Material IndexAluminum 82 9.055385138 2.7 3.353846347Magnesium 47 6.8556546 1.74 3.94003138CFRP 150 12.24744871 1.5 8.164965809Ploycarbonate 2.44 1.562049935 1.114 1.402199224Epoxies 2.35 1.532970972 1.11 1.381054929
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Materials and Environment
Carbon Footprint:The greenhouse gas emission from the material production
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Ashby Materials Chart: Young Modulus vs Production energy per cubic metre
Chart 3
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Table of materials and their material indices
Table 4
Material Modulus (MPa)Modulus^(1/2) Embodied Energy (MJ/kg) Density(g/cm^3) Material IndexAluminum 82 9.055385138 200 2.7 0.016769232Magnesium 47 6.8556546 360 1.74 0.010944532CFRP 150 12.24744871 259 1.5 0.031524965Ploycarbonate 2.44 1.562049935 105 1.114 0.013354278Epoxies 2.35 1.532970972 105 1.11 0.013152904
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Conclusion
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Reference• Callister, W. D., & Rethwisch, D. G. (2009). Material Science and Engineering : An Introduction (8th ed.).
Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
• Ashby, M. F. (2011). Materials Selection in Mechanical Design (84th ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heineman.
• Beale, A. (2011, February). Polycarbonate and ABS Engineering Resins Markets See Global
• Tightening. Plastics Business Magazine. Retrieved January 21, 2013, from http://www.plasticsbusinessmag.com/article.asp?ID=91
• Cambridge Engineering Selector, EduPack, 2012, Version 11.9.9
• Kondratov, L. A. (2012). Production and use of stainless steel.Metallurgist, 56(3), 225-228. doi: 1 0.1007/s11015-012-9563-2.• Makarov, G. S. (2002). Production of aluminum alloys: Status and prospects. Metallurgist, 46(11),
doi: 10.1023/A:1022934315484.• Manning, M. (2012, May/June). Global Polycarbonate Demand to Grow by 5% a Year.Medical
Plastic News.• Material Hardness. (n.d.). The Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering. Retrieved January 20,
2013, from http://www.calce.umd.edu/
• Pelleg, J., & SpringerLink ebooks - Engineering. (2012).Mechanical properties of materials. New York: Springer Netherlands.